KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHl
THAIMH PHAM LOAI, DIEM BIEIXI TY LE GAY HAI V A OAC Ol£lVI EAY HAI CLIA CAC LOAI SAU CUOIM LA CAY
CO MLII [CITRUS) O THAIMH PHO CAM THO V A TiMH H A U GbVMG
Chau Nguyen Qudc Khanh\ Huynh Dtic Himg^ va lA Van V ^ ^ T6MTAT
Thinh p h ^ loai, di6n bi^n ^ le gsy hai va dac di^m giiy hai cac loai sau cudn la gay hai tren cay co miii dupc khao sat tai cac vudn cay co miii a thanh phd Can Ilia, tmh Hau Giang va trong dieu ki§n nha luoi a trudng Dai bpc Cdn Tha. K^t qua ghi nh?n cho thay cd 5 loai thuoc bo canh vay (Lepidoptera) gay hai vdi tri^u chiing cudn la trfin cay cd miii gdm Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana, ffomona tabescens, Psorosticha melanocrepidava Agonopterixs^. vdi ty If vu hda tuong iing la 52,83%, 19,81%, 12,92%, 11,1% va 3,34%. Ba loai d^u thudc ho Tortricidae, cdn hai loai theo sau tbuOc ho Oecophondae. Trong dd, P.
melanocrepida vk H. tabescens la hai loai mdi duac ghi nhan. Tren cac vudn khao sat, su gay hai cua sau cudn li trfin ciy cd miii xay ra quanh nam vod ty le gay hai tren chdi dao dong 6,3% - 25,9% va ty le gay hai trfin la 1,4% - 9,2%. Trong di^u kif n nha ludi, tren cay cam sanh, cac loai P. melanocrepida va A privatana giy ra tri^u chiing nbiu dpt d giai doan la tir rat non den non, cac loai Archips sp. va Agonopterix sp, gay ra tri^u chiing x^p Id giai d o ^ U tmong thanh va loai H. tabescens gay ra trifiu chiing cudn la a giai d o ^ la gli.
TLT khda. Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana, Homona tabescens, Psorosticha melanocrepida, Agonopterix sp., siu cudn li ciy cd miii.
I.MffBAU
Vi^t Nam n ^ trong trung tim phat sinh cay c6 raiii, n6n day \k loai cay trong dupc trdng rat lau dcri, c6 phan bd rOng khap tir Bac d^n Nam va mang lai hi§u qui kinh t^ cao so voi nhi^u loai cay trong khac ( H u ^ h Tri Diic vd etv., 2006). Theo thong tin tir Hpi Ndng dan Vi^t Nam, ddng bang sdng Cmi Long (DBSCL) la noi canh tac cay co miii lon nhat nuoc vdi di^n tich canh tac trong nam 2010 vao khoang 76.000 ha. C6 it nhat 13 loai thupc ho Tortricidae Oeppson, 1989; New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries, 2014) va 3 loai thupc hp Oecophoridae (Ohgushi, 1964; Lvovsky and Fallahzadeh, New Zealand Ministry, 2014) da dupc ghi nhan la sau cuon la gay hai quan trpng tren cay co miii, dac biet trong cac vuon uom, b My, New Zealand, Nhat Ban va An Do. Au trimg o i a cac loai sau hai nay cuon ho$c k^t ckc la cky co mui 1^ voi nhau roi an pha bfin trong lam anh hirong quan trpng den kha nang quang hgp cua cay. Nguy hi^m hon, mot sd loai thupc giong Archips, bfin canh su an pha tren la con
CO the tan cdng trfin trai non (Jeppson, 1989). Tai DBSCL, trong nhUng cong trinh cdng h6 truoc day, hai loai thudc ho Tortricidae la Adoxophyes privatana Walker va Archips sp. va mpt loai thuOc hp Oecophoridae la Agonopterix sp., dupc ghi nhan li doi tupng gay hai khong quan h-png tren cay co mui (Nguyin Thi Thu Cue, 2000; Nguyfin Thi TTiu Ciic vd etv., 2006; Nieetie va etv., 2007). Tuy nhifin, do vific thay doi ky thuat eanh tac de doi phd vdi bfinh ving la gan xanh (greening) bang hmh thuc tr6ng o mat do day va ket thiic thu hoach som, gan day su gay hai eua nhom sau cuon la tren eay eo miii dang ngay eang tra nen pho hien va quan trpng. Mat khac, do hinh thai a giai doan iu trimg cua cac loai sau cu6n la la gan nhu tuong tir nhau, trong khi chua co mo ta vfi dac diem trieu chiing gay hai cua timg loai. Di^u nay gay nhieu khd khan cho cong tae nghifin ciiu ciing nhu danh gia hieu qua eiia cac bifin phap phong tri.
Trong bai bao nay trinh bay ket qua khao sdt thanh phan loai, difin bien ty lfi gay hai eua sau cuon la tai tinh Hau Giang va thanh phd Can Tho eung nhu dae diem gay hai eiia mdi loai tren cay cam sanh trong dieu kien nha ludi.
'Khoa Ndng nghidp vi Sinh hpc Ung dyng, Trudng D^i hpc Can Tho
N 6 N G NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/2014 35
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHfi
2. V A T I f i l VJI PHUDNGPIUP
2.1. Khao sit thinh phan vi tyle hidn dien cua cac loii siu cudn la ciy co miii
Su khao sat duprc tien hanh bang each thu mdu dinh ky tren 5 vuon cam quit tai thanh ph6 Can Tlio va huyfin Chau Thanh tinh Hau Giang tir ngay 19 thang 01 den ngay 19 thang 8 nam 2012. Dac diem co ban cua cac vucm cay co miii dimg trong khao sat dupc trinh bay trong bang 1. Tren mdi vuon khao sat, dung day do danh d^iu 5 diem theo dirdng chfio goc, mdi diem danh dau 3 cay. Toan bp cac choi non va la dang bi au trimg ciia ngai sau cudn la tan cong trfin cac cay CO danh dau diroc thu mdi thang mpt lan roi
thi nghifim, choi non va la nhifim au trung sau cudn la b mdi dot thu thap dugc dat trong cac hop nhua trong (duong kinh 14 cm, cao 8 cm; khoang 12 - 14 au trung/hpp), d^ 6- dieu kien nhiet dp, §an. db (26- 30"C, 68-80% RH) va anh sang tu nhien cua phong.
HOp dupc ve sinh va cung cap dot cam sjinh tiroi hai ngay/lan de 1 ^ thiic an cho au trtmg cho den khi thanh trimg vii hoa. Ghi nhan sd lupng au trimg 6 mdi dot thu thap, so loai ngai vu hoa, dac diem nhan dang va ty le hien dien cua mdi loai.
Mau truong thanh kho cua cac loai ngai sau cuon la dupc giii den Bp mon Dpng vat hpc, Bap tang Tu nhifin va Khoa hpc Qudc gia Nhat Ban (Tsukuba, Nhat Ban) de xac dinh tfin khoa hpc.
chuyen ve Truang Dai hpc Can Tho. Trong phong
Bang 1. Dac di^m cua cac vii6n cay co miii dupc dimg d^ khao sat th^nh p h ^ loai v i ty lfi hifin difin cua ck.
loai sau cudn la gay hai trfin cay co miii TT
1 2 3 4 5
Virto Cam sanh Cam sanh Cam sanh xen nhan Camsanh Cam sanh xen cam nat
Dito hch (m^
3.500 8.500 2.500 5.500 5.000
Tuoi cay (nam)
6 - 7 5-7 4 - 6 5-7 5
Dia dilm
Phuong Tan Phu, quan Cai Rang, thanh ph6 C ^ Tho Xa Dong Thanh, huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Hau Giang Xa Dong Phii, huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Hau Giang Xa Dong Thanh, huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Hau Giang Xa Dong Thanh, huyfen Chau Thanh, tinh Hau Giang 2.2. Khdo sit difin bien ty lfi gay hai cua sau cuon
la trfin cic vudn cay c6 miii
Difin bi^n ty lfi gay hai cua sau cudn la cay co mui dupc khao sat tren 4 vuon eay eo miii tai thanh
Bang 2. Dac di^m ciia cic vucm cay co miii diing d l khao sat difin biln ty lfi gay hai cua sSu cuon Id cSy cd miii
pho Can Tho va huyen Chau Thanh tinh H^u Giang tir 12/9/2012 din 12/9/2013. Mot so dae dilm cua vuon khao sat duoc trinh hay trong bang 2.
Vudn khao sat Cam mat + cam sanh Cam sanh Cam sanh Cam sanh
Dito tich 5.000 2.500 8.500 3.500
Tu6i cay (nam)
5 5-7 7-8 6-7
Dia diem
Xa Dong Phii, huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Hau Giang Xa Dong Thanh, huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Hau Giang Xa Dong Thanh, huyen Chau Thanh, tmh Hau Giang Phudng Tan Phii, quan Cai Rang, thanh phd Can Tho Tren moi vudn khao sat, chpn 5 diem theo
duong cheo goc, mdi diem chpn 3 eay, mdi eay chpn 5 vi tri, gom 4 vi tri o 4 huong va 1 o vi tri trung tam, mdi VI tri khao sat 3 choi. Ghi nhan ty le la hi hai do sau cuon la mdi thang mpt lan trong suot thoi gian thi nghifim. Ty lfi la bi hai CTLLBH) dupc tinh bang cdng thuc:
Tong so la hi hai TLLBH (%) = X 100
Tong so la quan sat
Ngoai ra, so hfiu ve nhifit dp va lugng mua trung binh hang thang cua vimg thanh phd Can Tho v^
tinh Hau Giang dupc cung c^p boi Trung tam Khi tuong Thiiy van Can Tho.
2.3. Khio sit die diem giy hai ciia cic loil sau cudn li tien ciy cam sinh tiong dieu kidn nhi ludi
Thi nghiem dupc thue hien theo hinh thiie md ta voi 5 lan lap lai. Cay cam sanh con eao khoang 1,2 - 1,3 m duoc mua tir vudn uom cay a xa My Hoa, huyen Bmh Mmh, tmh Vinh Long roi chuyin v^
36
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/2014
KHOA HOC C 6 H G NGHl
tr6ng hx>ng n h i Iiroi tai BO mon Bao v$ Tliuc vat, Tmong Dai hpc Can Tho. Cay dupc chSm soc va bon phan (NPK 16-lfr«) d l kich thich ra dot non. Khi ciy ra dpt non khoang 3 cm (khoang 1 thang sau khi mua v l tir vuon uom) thi chau cay dupc bao lai bang mOt ong plastic trong (duong kinh khoang 25 cm) va tha vio trong mot cSp tnrdng thanh (mpt con due va mOt con cai) cua mpt loai ngai siu cudn la cay cd miii d l cho bat c ^ va sinh san. Ong plastic duoc day lai hang vai mimg (Hinh 1). Tlieo doi va ghi nhan trifiu chting va dac dilm gay hai cua au triing ciia timg loai ngai siu cudn la trfin cay cam sanh ihi nghiem. Su khao sit dupc tiln hinh vdi 5 c:ap ngai cho mdi loii.
1 ^ ^
Canh vay (Lepidoptera). Trong dd, ba loai: Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana Walker va Homona tabescens Meyriek, thupc hp Tortricidae v i hai loii:
Agonopterix sp. va Psorosticha melanocrepida Clarke, thupc hp Oecophoridae. Su gay hai chia Archips sp., A privatana va Agonopterix sp. da dupc ghi nhan trong cac nghifin cnhi trudc diy (Nguyfin Thi Thu Ciic, 2000; Nguyfin Thi Thu Ciic va cti^..
2006; Nicetic va etv., 2007), con su gay hai eua H.
tabescens va P. melanocrepida tren cay cd miii d DBSCL la moi dupc ghi nhan.
Bang 3. Thanh p h ^ loii sau cniln l i c ^ cd miii b tinh Hau Giang v i thanh p h i Cdn Tho TT ren loai
1 Archips sp.
H9 2 AdoxophyesprivatanaV^aHkeT
rortricidae Lepidoptera
Homona tabescens Meyriek rortrieidae Lepidoptera Psorosticha melanocrepida Clarke 3ecophondae Lepidoptera
BQ rprtricidae Lepidoptera
Oecophondae [Lepidoptera
Hinh 1. Chiu cam sinh dtrpc bao b£ing Ing plastic dimg d l khSo sit tri^u chiing giy hgi ciia siu cudn l i
trpng dilu ki|n n h i ludi 3.K^QUANGHfiUCUU
3.1. Thinh phdn loii v i t^ 1| hi^n difin cua siu cudn l i ciy cd miii
Kit qua dupe trinh bay trong bang 3 eho thay thanh phan loai siu cudn la tren cay cd miii b thanh pho Can Tho va tinh Hau Giang gom 5 loii thupc bd
Bing 4. H i i n h phdn loii, tdn sudt hi|n d i ^ va ty lfi vu hda cnia cic loai siu cudn la cay ed miii. Khio sit tgi huygn Chiu Thinh (tinh Hju Giang) va quan Cai Rang (thinh phd Can Tho)
* Dupc dinh danh bdi Bp mon Dpng vit hpc, Bio ting Tu nhidn vi Khoa hpc Qudc gia Nhit Bin (Tsukuba, Nhit Ban).
Cac loai Archips sp., A. privatana, H. tabescens va Agonopterix sp. hifin difin d ea 8 dpt khao sat (tan suat xuat hifin la 100%) vdi ty lfi vu hda trung binh Idn lupt la 52,83%, 19,81%, 12,92% va 11,10%. Trong khi do, loai P. melanocrepida chi hien dien d 4/8 dpt khao sat (tin suat xuat hifin la 50%) vdi ty lfi vu hda trung binh la 3,34% (Bang 4). Ket qua nay ehimg td trong nhdm siu cudn la eay ed miii thi cae loai thupc hg Tortricidae la da dang, phong phii va hien difin pho hien hon so vdi cac loai thupc hp Oecophondae.
D<?t thu miu (ngiy) 19/01/2012 19/02/2012 19/03/2012 19/04/2012 19/05/2012 19/06/2012 19/07/2012 19/08/2012 Tanxual(%l
56 ia tning
251 211 236 179 172 140 153 149
T ? l ? vah6a
(«)
95.62 93.84 91.95 96.09 88.95 92.14 84.97 93.96
Sd luong thanh trimg (con) * Archips
sp.
75 66 170 134 74 68 72 69 100
A.
privatana 96 37 12 15 35 20 23 35 100
H.
tabescens 40 35 17 17 7 16 24 22 100
Agonopterix sp.
21 32 18 6 29 22 11 14 UK)
P.
melanocrepida 8 27 0 0 8 3 0 0 50
N 6 N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/2014
KHOA HOC C 6 N G N G H |
TSng Tyli0O"
1491
.
92,19 728 52,83
273 19,81
178 12,92
153 11,10
46 3,34
* Duoc dinh danh boi Bd mdn Ddng vat hoc, Bao tang Tir nhidn vi Khoa hoc Qudc gia Nhit Ban (Tsukuba, Nhit Bin);
**Tyievuhda (TLVH) dupc tinh bing cdng tiiuc: TLVH (%) = (sd tiiinh tidng vu hda/sd iu tidngthu tii$p)xlOO.
3.2. Diln biln ty lfi g i y hai cua sau cuon l i ti-fin ciy c6 miii b h u y ^ Chau Tiiinh (tinh H^u Giang) vk quan Cai Rang (tiiinh phd Cdn Ilia)
Hmh 2. Diln biln t^ lfi gay hai ti-en dpt (ti-fin) v i ti-fin Id (dudi) cda sau cudn l i g i y hai trfin ciy cd miii t ^ c dia dilm khao s i t
(trung bmh 16,9% ddi vdi choi hi hai va 5,1% ddi vdi 14 Hinh 2 trinh bay difin bien ty lfi la hi hai d bdn
dia dilm khao sat. Su giy hai cua sau cudn la trfin cay cd miii tai eae dia dilm khao sat xay ra quanh nim vdi ty le giy hai dao ddng 6,3% - 25,9% ddi vdi choi non va 1,4% - 8,6% ddi vdi la non. Difin biln ty le giy hai cua sau cudn la giua eae dia dilm khao sat gan nhu tucmg tu nhau, nhin chung giai doan tir giua thing 11/2012 din giua thing 04/2013, ty lfi Id hi hai
Bing 5. Mdt sd die dilm giy hai cma sau crudn Id trfin cay cam sinh
bi hai) la cao hon so vdi cic giai doan giiia thing 09 - thing 10/2012 va thing 05 - giira thing 9/2013 (trung bmh 12,3% ddi vdi dpt bi hai v i 4,2% ddi vdi la hi hai).
3.3. Tri^u chimg g i y hai cua siu cu6n l i cam quit
E)ac diem giy h?d Tudili
Rat non La non La trudng thinh
•La gia Tren la
Cudn cac la Nhiu dot
• Xep mep la Xep cae la
Archips sp.
X X
X
A privatana
X X
X
H. tabescens
X X
X
P. melanocrepida
X
X
Agonopterixsp.
X X
X X x : CO thShien.
38 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/20M
KHOA HOC C 6 N G N G H |
Bang 5 cho thdy k i t qua ghi nhan dac dilm trifiu chiing gay hai ciia c i c loii Archips sp., A privatana, H. tabescens, P. melanocrepida va Agonopterix sp.
trfin cdy cam sanh trong dilu kifin nha ludi. Nhin chung, tri|u chting giy hai cd nhiing dac dilm gidng v i khic nhau tuy theo loii gdm:
- Sir giy h?u theo do tuoi c i a la: loii P.
melanocrepida tdn cdng ciy d giai doan tir l i rat non, loii A privatana tdn cdng ciy tir giai doan l i rat non din l i non, cdn loii Archips sp. tan cdng cay d giai doan tii l i non din l i tnrdng tiiinh. Trong khi do tnfiu chiing giy hai trfin l i tir trudng thinh din la gii chi do H. tabescens va Agonopterix sp. gayra.
- Theo tri|u chiing giy hai trfin li, diy l i dac dilm giy hai tuong ddi phin bifit hon so vdi sir giy hai theo dp tudi cda li, loii H. tabescens giy hai bang each cudn cic li lai vdi nhau (Hinh 3E), P. melanocrepida va A privatana giy hai bdng cmeh nhiu dgt (Hinh 3A v i 3B). Trong khi dd, trifiu chiing xlp mep la chi gap b Ipii Agonopterix sp. (Hinh 3D) v i trieu chiing xep cic l i lgi vdi nhau ddng thdi xay ra d loii Agonopterix sp. vi Archips sp. (Hinh 3D v i 3C).
Mat khic, tri|u chiing nhiu dgt chu ylu xay ra ddi vdi si^ tdn cdng d giai doan Id tir rdt non din la npn Ooii A privatana vi lodi P. melanocrepida), trifiu chiing xlp li chu ylu xay ra ddi vdi su tdn edng b giai dpgn li tnrdng thinh Oodi Archips sp. va loai Agonopterix sp.), cdn trifiu chung cudn li chii ylu xiy ra ddi vdi su tan cdng d giai doan l i gii (H.
tabescen^.
(B)
CC) (D) (E) Hinh 3. lYilu chiing giy h^i cnia siu cnidn Id ciy cd miii trfin ciy cam sinh. ( ^ P. melanocrepida; (B) A privatana; (C) Archips sp.; (D) Agonopterix sp.; (E)
H. tabescens
4.T11A0UIJW
TMnh phan loii sau cmn la giy hai trfin cay cd miii tai tinh Hau Giang, thanh phd Can Tho gdm 5 loai thudc Bd canh vay. Trong dd, ha loii Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana Walker, Homona tabescens Meyriek tiiude hp Tortricidae, cdn cac loii Psorosticha melanocrepida Clarke v i Agonopterix sp. thugc hp Oecophoridae (Bing 3). Su giy hai ciia ba loii Archips sp., A privatana va Agonopterix sp.
da dupc ghi nhin tnrdc day (Nguyfin TTii Tliu Ciic, 2000; Nguyfin TTu Thu Cue va etv., 2006; Nicetic va c:tv., 2007), cdn su gay hai ciia hai loii H tabescens v i P. melanocrepida tai DBSCL la nhiing ghi nhan mdi. Ty lfi vu hda tnmg binh ciia cac loii Archips sp., A privatana, H. tabescens, Agonopterix sp. vi P.
melanocrepida qua tam dot khao sat trfin cac vudn c:ay cd miii d thanh phd Cdn Tho va tinh Hau Giang Ian lupt la 52,83%, 19,81%, 12,92%, 11,10% v i 3,34%
(Bang 4). Them vio do, trir loii P. melanocrepida cd tan suat xuat hien la 50%, cic lodi edn lai diu dat tan suat xuat hien la 100% (Bang 4), chiing td cic loii thudc hp Tortricidae la da dang, phong phii vi hifin dien phd biln hon so vdi cac loii thupc hp Oecophondae. Mac dii su phin bifit cic loii sau cudn l i chi thtrc hien dupc ddi vdi trudng thinh, do chua phan biet dupc hinh thai d giai doan au triing vi nhdng cua rieng timg loii, nhung vdi ty lfi vu hda cua trudng thanh, tinh tir sd lupng au triing thu thip dupe, dat 92,19% cho thay ty lfi tiiat tiiodt eiia du tning (7,81%) (Bang 4) trong qua trinh nhin nudi Id anh hudng khdng dang ke den k i t qua khao sit.
Su gay hai ciia siu cudn la trfin ciy cd mdi tai thdnh phd Can Tho va tinh Hau Giang xudt hifin quanh nam vdi difin hien ty le gay hai trfin ehdi vi trfin la bien dpng khdng nhieu, dao ddng trong khoang 6,3% - 25,9% ddi vdi chdi non vi 1,4% - 8,6%
ddi vdi la non. Trong dd, ty le gay hai d giai dogn tir tiling giiia tiiang 11/2012 dfin giua tiiang 04/2013 (tmng binh 16,9% ddi vdi chdi hi hai va 5,1% ddi vdi li hi hai) la tuong ddi eao hon so cac vdi giai doan tiiang 9 -tiiang 10/2012 va giiia thing 05/2013 - tiiang 9/2013 (tinmg binh 12,3% ddi vdi dpt bi hai vi 4,2% ddi vdi la bi hai) (Hinh 2). Theo sd li^u dupc eung cap tir Trung tam Khi tupng Thuy van Can Tho, tai khu vuc Can Tho - Hau Giang, lupng mua trung bmh trong giai doan tii thing 11/2012 din thing 04/2013 (17,55 mm) li thip hon rat nhieu so eic vdi giai doan thing 9 -thing 10/2012 vi gitira thing
N 6 N G NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/2014 39
KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHE
05/2013 - tiiang 9/2013 (198,9 mm). Ty lfi gay hai eua s i u cudn l i trfin cic vudn khao sdt xiy ra quanh nam v i hinh tiiinh nfin hai giai doan cao thap tuong ling vdi mua mira v i miia nang, chiing td da cd su anh hudng crda lupng mua Ifin hoat ddng c:ua trudng thinh v i au triing cua s i u cudn l i . Trong khi dd, chfinh lech cua nhifit dp trung hinh hang thing trong tiidi gian khio sat chi l i 2,9°C, dao ddng tir 26,2*'C - din 29,1"C. Nhifit do m i cdn trimg cd the phdt tiien dupc n i m trong khoang 10^'C - 40°C vd nhiit do thich hpp cho su phdt triln nam trong khoing 25''C - 35°C (Nguyfin Thi Thu Cdc, 2010). Nhu vay, muc dao ddng cua nhiet dd hr 26,2°C - din 29,1''C la phu hgp cho su phat t n l n v i khdng anh hudng din muc dp giy hai cua cac loii siu cudn l i cay cd mui.
Dae dilm gay hai cua cac loai sau cudn la da dupc khao sdt trfin cay cam sanh trong dieu kifin n h i ludi. Su gay hai d giai doan la tir rdt non din non g i y ra bdi cac loai P. melanocrepida v i A privatana, giai doan la tnrdng thdnh giy ra bdi cac loai Archips sp.
va Agonopterix sp. gay hai va giai doan l i gia gay ra hdi cac Agonopterix sp. vi H. tabescens (Bang 5).
Nhu viy, sir giy hai tuong ung theo tudi la tii rat non den g i i lan luot li P. melanocrepida, A privatana, Archips sp., Agonopterix sp. va H. tabescens. Mat khac, trifiu chiing nhiu dgt chd yeu xiy ra ddi vdi su tan cdng cua siu d giai doan tir rat non din non (do loii P. melanocrepida va A privatand), trieu chimg x l p la chd yeu xiy ra ddi vdi sir tan cdng d giai doan la trudng thinh (do loai Archips sp. va Agonopterix sp.), edn trifiu chirng cudn la chu yeu xay ra ddi vdi sir tan edng d giai doan la gia (do loai H. tabescens).
5. KET LUAN
- Thanh phdn siu cuon la cay cd mdi tai thanh phd Can TTio va tinh Hau Giang gdm 5 loai: Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana, Homona tabescens, Psorosticha melanocrepida va Agonopterix sp. vbi ty le vu hda hrong iing li 52,83%, 19,81%, 12,92%, 11,1%
v i 3,34%. Trong dd, P. melanocrepida va H.
tabescens li hai loai mdi dupe ghi nhan. Sau cudn la hifin difin quanh nim trfin vudn eay cd mdi vdi ty le gay hai tren chdi dao dgng 6,3% - 25,9% v i ty lfi giy hai tren la 1,4%-9,2%.
- Trong dieu kifin nha ludi, tren ciy cam sinh, cde loii P. melanocrepida va A privatana gay ra trieu chung nhiu dpt, cac Ipii Archips sp. va Agonopterix sp. gay ra tiieu chdng xep la va loai H. tabescens giy ra trifiu chung cudn li. Mat khic, trieu chung nhiu
dot chu yeu xay ra ddi vdi si^ tdn cdng b giai doan la tii rdt non d i n la non iP. melanocrepida v i 4 privatan^, tiieu chung x l p la chu y l u xay ra ddi vii su tan cdng b giai doan l i tnrdng thanh (Archips ^ v i Agonopterix sp), cdn trifiu chiing cudn i i chu ylu xay ra ddi vdi sir tdn cdng b giai doan la gia {H.
Loi cam cm
Nhdm tic 0a xin chin tiianh cam an Ts. Utsug Jinbo, Bd mdn Dpng vat hoc, Bao tang Khoa hpc va Tu nhien Qudc gia Nhit Ban (Ibaraki, INhitBan) da dinh danh cic miu ngai siu cudn Ii ciy cd miii.
TAI UEU TliAM KHAO
1. Huynh Tri Due, Nguyfin Hiiu Tiioai vi Nguyfin Bao Todn, 2006. Ky thuat trdng va cham soc cay ed mui. Trong. Quan ly dich hai tong hpp cay co miii, hudng d i n v l sinh thai. Nhi Xuat ban Ndng nghiSp.TraBg: 17-80.
2. Jeppson, L R , 1989. Biology of citrus insects, mites and mollusks. In The citrus industry. Eddited by Reuther, W., Calavan, E. C. and Carman G. E. TTie Regents of the University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 5:1-87.
3. Lvovsky, A. L. and Fallahzadeh, M., 2O10.
Psorosticha zizyphi (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae) i newly recorded from fran. Far Eastern Entximologi^
216:14-16.
4. New Zealand Ministry for Primary Industries, 2014. Standard 155.02.06. Importation of Nursery Stock.
5. Nguyfin Thi Thu Cdc, 2000. Cdn tiimg vJ nhen gay hai ciy an trii vung ddng bang sdng Ciru Long va bien phap phdng tru. A(&a xuat ban Ndng nghidp. Trang: 71.
6. Nguyfin Thi Thu Cue, 2010. Giao tiinh: Con tning dai cuong. Nhi xuat ban Dai hpc Can Via 239 trang.
7. Nguyfin Thi Thu Cue, Pham Hoing Canh va Hd Van Chiln, 2006. Dich hai trfin cay cd miii.
Trong. Quan ly dich hai tong hpp cay cd mui, hudng din ve smh thai, f^i Xuat ban Ndng nghiep. Trauf 83-151.
8. Nicetic Oleg, Nguyfin Hiju Huan, H i VM Chiln, Trdn Van Hai, Nguyfin Thi Thu Cue, Pham
40 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/2014
KHOA HOC CONG NGHfi
Hoang Oanh, Nguyfin Bao Toin v i Duong Mmh, 9. Ohgushi, R., 1964. Ecological stiidies on tiie 2007. Nhan dang sau, benh & thifin dich trong vudn injurious insects attacking the young branches and eay cd mdi. Nhi Xuat bin Ndng nghiep. Trang: 68- forages of cih-us orchrad, a preliminary report 69. Japanese Joumai of Ecology, 14(6): 241-247.
SPECIES COMPOSmON, DAMAGE CHARACTERISTICS AND DAMAGE VARIAnON OF CITRUS LEAF ROLLERS IN THE MEKONG DELTA OF VIETNAM
Chau Nguyen Quoc Khanh, Huynh Due Hung, Le Van Vang Summary
Species composition, damage characteristics and damage vanation of citrus leaf-roUers were investigated in citrus orchards in Can Tho tnty and Hau Giang provmce and in the net-house of Can Tho University. Results shown that citrus leaf-rollers were composed of 5 species belong to Lepidoptera including Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana, Homona tabescens, Psorosticha melanocrepida and Agonopterix sp. with the eclosion ratios were 52.83%, 19.81%, 12.92%, 11.1% and 3.34%, respectively. The first three species belong to the femily Tortricidae, the latter two species belong to the family Oecophoridae. The damage of P.
melanocrepida and H. tabescens species on atrus are newly recorded in the Mekong delta. In the net-house conditions, on "Cam sanh" (green orange) trees, the damage of P. melanocrepida and A privatana caused symptom as a shoot-tier, the damage of Archips sp. and Agonopterix sp. caused symptom as a leaf-folder and the damage of H. tabescens caused symptom as a leaf-roller. Otherwise, the shoot-tier symptom happened on very young to young leaves {A- privatana and P. melanocrepida), the leaf-folder symptom happened on mature leaves {Archips?,p. ssiA Agonopterixs^), and the leaf-roller symptom happened on old leaves (,H. tabescens). The damage of citrus leaf-rollers happened through the investigated year with shoot damage ratios were 6.3% - 25.9% and leaf damage ratios were 1.4% - 9.2%.
Keywords. Archips sp., Adoxophyes privatana, Agonopterix sp., citrus leaf-roller, Homona tabescens, Psorosticha melanocrepida.
Ngudi phdn bi|n: GS.TS. Phgm Vin Ldm Ngiy nhan bai: 7/3/2014
Ngdy thdng qua phin bifin: 9/4/2014 Ngiy duyit ding: 16/4/2014
N 6 N G NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 10/2014
