ttt tt(l»AT tJifij tguiCK, Jit 17, s6 04 - 211*
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9mB'mi«AmiL^cmi6immGimGmi^iati'iiAYKmivfcrr.ucM 'I'^^y^Bemmsmimio-mmiuiAwm.YmiAmi^sTmmAtKEAssEssMEm
SYSraMN TBCniS INDOSTRY IN HOCfflMlNH CITY VSWallaidi
« , 4 Tr'^f^ Traen^itaihgcBdtiikhoa. BHQa-Ha(-,v,hanhis,@hcmal.edu.vn
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^'•aaeim'.ilf.im^ll^m PtdngDgihiicBdchaoa, BHQG- HCM ' "<%I^J«^2Z*aog 05 iflm 2QM. hoii e a * sita dMa ngfty 27 ftfc^ 10 aim 2014)
' JOMTAT
"^i^l^t^iimphttmgphdpdngdmgHlhap^a^eni^rag^^^^i,^^
' ^ ^ *R>e hf Hidng ^drdi^nii^lfcdadi aing ib^ nganh dst may a , vi^TP.HCU. Phang i^'^l^'^airidlhgp^Baphdnlld,lflho,dt,^tl„,^flnh,UiDelpHvapha,mgph^ddnh
ml^lttltcM, liln tiM(md^-CombinedFm^UultfJeAttraa. Evaluation). Ddu tien. li
<^»H«9«lienW«din^^^ch„diai„^ingnga,d,dtlmtv.ldc^sdxdyifngh4lhingdM,
^•^M^^fmdldtdiphdnc^TrdlqmibavdngDetdddiddnh^mdhlnhliicdcchliySngla
nmg ngdnh. Cuoi dmg CFUAE gdm hai gial doan la Ilch phdn md yd FAHP (Fuzsy Atuifysi,
«'^^'-'a<^J Ave Ihgc Ufn di xdy dvng mo hlnh ddidi gid ndng ttcchidlcK^ dng t^dnh dil '>V'^^<^'°<*"^a'"i^*^N^dcnciuddxdydtmgdavcheth^XnhgdnSnglif:chiSi
'^vg'gfddldflmayBn.vitcTP.HCUvdicdcchisSddnkgdtlchhap. Tivng sS cua cdc thudc
•f^ ^ f^ ^ihli'dara mat guan diim ,*ung cda laanngaidlvi muc df guan rang da cdclhudc
»^ iia ••IdigllK chung ciUilo^chuiLtngtta Ihuc liin la bdi bdo cung cdp idntangphi^ ddnh gid
"S^l^dbudlcu,^ cho cdc Ihanh nghis, irong ngdnh del nu^. Ti do ee 1,0 CO si di xui cdl din ti^
'^^magua.fn^&iaioahocbSbdaldwdngdungciialoglcmilronglMtvrcldnhtivigudn Vi^dm hgi bd Ihdl chi ipian Irong qua Irinh raguyil^nh.
''* »Ma: Qudn ^ chua cung ing, ddnh gid n&tgkrcdmdi cmg ing, nganh del ma,, buic md,FAHP, CFUAE...
ABSTKACT
'"'fVerpravidA an i^icalion-iehichlx a amddnallon between dechionmaldng technique a'tilfi'^b^tabmadaxupplychainpeifiimancemeaxuremenlsyxlemlntextdeinduuryinHoChl MMi a». 7 & methodology is a combination of theoretical anal^lx, Delphi quantitative melhod and CMmFt^ Umtlple Attribuu Evahtatlon (CFUAE) method Fits qT idl, boxed cm theariex on texHtosuiVfy chain, wc de«dopeda hierarchicalxystem fi,P^farmancc meaxmemenL J^er three B'll*''«ai'l'd''eetopl,donx,fe,pe,txonlhex,xlBn.lheCFUAEwhlchcon,ixBqf1wopha,ee9m,3, Imviral anijmxy anafyeix hierarchy pracexx - FAHP) wax conjacted to bidld a xiq^ chain psfmmietmatmemedxyaemlntexlllelitditslrywiihgeneralain'&ulex. The study hax constructed a mi>¥ ^mm^ftmmai measurement system In textUe indnxtryjn Ho Chi Uinh City with suitable imribides. mt treigbt of atribtdes Is determined as a general viewpoint of the industry of Ihe mm-nce qf!0,e.,m#ides la the m^pl, chain petfarmance: In terms tf practicalhy, Ihis ptqter
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Science ATecbnology DevelDpneDl, Vol 17, No.Q4 • 2014
provides an aproach in the performance measurement ft» ihe fextife iupp^ •dkeMWta serv& tS a framework for a cenlralbed and ^ective improvement The sCient^c kimiHitflki^pdperl^'^-
application ofthejic:^ logic in economics imd management to eliminate tM mi^BCtt'^ in the d^^ist
Key words: Suppfy chain managemeni, evaluate supply chain, textile Inthistry. fii^ 'sSfe;'i
FAHP. CFMAE... ' t
\. Gidi tbifu
Trong nin kinh tfi nhieu bifin ddng, quan )^
chuSi cung dng l i mft giii phap toto difn dfi gia ttog Igi thfi canh tranh. Tuy nhifin, dfi quto 1^ chuSi cung ung hifu qua, daanh nghifp phii hilu rd thyc t r ^ g v§n htoh chu5i thdng qua cio chi sd dtoh gii ntog Iyc, td dd t90 c o sd cho cic d l xult cii tiln.
Mft hf thfing dtoh gii ntog Iyc chu5i cung dng toto difn yfiu clu phii tfch hpp tit c i cic mit xich trong chuSt vi phd h ^ vdi myc tifiu chiln luQC ciia doanh nghifp. Khi dd, hf tii6ng iKnh gii sfi cho doanb nghifp mft ctofa nhin xuyfin su6t toto chuSi cung dng trong sy vfn dfng Chung cda toto n ^ h vi cda tflmg mit xich trong chuSi.
M8i chuSi cung dng cln cd mft hf tiling dinh gii ntog lyc khto nhau. Bii bto gidi thifu phuong phip dinh gii da tiiufc tinh md (CFAME) dl giii quyit bii toto xSy dyng bf tiifing dinh gii ntog lyc chufii cung dng ngtoh
dft may khu vyc TP.HCM vi dft may Ii mi^
ngtoh duyc nhfn djnh tSi\^ trudng mfinh trong giai do^in sfip tdi d Vift Nam. Trudc nhttng Mift/l khto hifn nay nginh ^ m g ^ p phai, thi quto 1^
chufii cung dng l i mft giii phip m i cic doanh nghifp dft may dang birdng bH. Do dd, hf thong dinh gii ntog Iyc chuSi cwig dng ngtoh dft may nhu Ii mft tifin d l cho c^e ds^a^ ' nghifp nhhi l^i minh tnidc khigip^ nhSj? } ( ^ chuSi cung iing toin clu.
X Cor sdl:^ thuylt , , , , 2.1. ChuSi cung dng nginh dft may " ' '•
ChuSi cung dng nginh dft may rit phdcteg;
vdi nhilu doanh nghifp fliam gia td kh^" lii^^ '•
mifin dit nudc. Forza &VineIIi, (1997) tnf^B^, nhttng thinh phin chlnh trong chufii cung dng nginh dft may nhu hlnh 2.1. Trong d.h, mye tifiu quin \^ chufii cung dng li giim thdi g M chd vi phin hfii nhanh vdi thay dfii ctia infi trudng.
Hlnh 2.1: Thinh phin chuoi cung dng dft may
S i n xu^L syj San xui: vai Maym|c Phto phfii I Ngudi tifiu ddng
Mft kfit qui nghifin cdu d i cfai ra ring tiidi gian d ^ ung don htog trong chuoi cung ung dft may l i 66 tuin tii nguyfin v$t lifu diu vio tdi khich htog cufii ctog, trong dd 40 tuin dinh cho Iuu trtt vi vto chuyfin, (Kurt Salmon Aaociates, 1993). Thdi gian chd qui dii sg din dfin vifc^cung d p sto phim l^c h$u khfing dtog flldi diem vi nfau cau kfatoh htog. Do dd, T r a n g 70 "
tiidi gian chufii cung fing l i m$t tiiudc tfah quan trpng cln xem x^t khi xiy dynghf thfing..
Phin hfii nhanh frong chuSi cung dng ( ^ may dupc bilt dfin nhu l i mft qui Oinh ohia sd thong tin gitta cic thtoh vito trong chufii dfi dip dng nhu clu khtoh Mng dtog Idc. Hdn ntta, Yu v i cic dfingsy, t200I) dSchl rarli^
chia sfi thdng tin gK» eto flitoh vifin tsmg
T^p cnl mil imiH itsAot, 14? 17. s6 Q4 - 2«i4
dwM aag dng cd flifi j ^ i a A iaxmg cda hifiu di% BiiDwfaq>. Vi ^ , 7 c f a » se tfaong tin nfin jhii^ xoB ldu d ^ i p a (Aufij ctn^ d^g.
Qui iriidi phdt iriai sto {^toi d ^ iiuy flieo de xuSt dia Kim ft-^ryom, (2002) g&n ^ m bimc nhu san: n ^ i ^ i cdu -^ fliiet kfi -^ ^at toito n ^ -^ d&dr^tfmrniSu -^'Sto x ^ l M -^ tim i^udn cung dng -> ^ ^ xult v i dtoi bto d i ^ hqmg-> |^»n phdi v i b t o le.
Trang do, phit t r i ^ sto pbim d ^ nray y t o c ^ miu tfai^ kfi. k^ flmSt nnty phii cd Idid tSng sto xoat v i tfai fruoi^ o^ig d p cimg nbu t^o ni Igi nhuin. d i o dotoh i ^ ^ q i . Theo Wkkea vk cto deng sn; (1999) flii q u i trinh phit trito sto [Aim dft m ^ d n did y cto vln dfi vfi sp pbii hljp cda n ^ ma, md hbib sto xult, i % u ^ nguyfin lifu, dity d u t y ^ lip rip v i cto c ^ ^ lifin quan. Bto c^nb dd cto yfiu d u cdft khtob liii% vfi jdnqg cidi, mto sic, ngftyfia lifn, ittoi IIIQI^ ta trong vii.,. cQng c4) | M i fbipc c t o nhto IHB^ qui trinh fliiet y v i j A i t trifin sto (Aim. Do dd, fdiit tti^ ^a fiiim ^ m ^ tfaofc tinh quao trgng dia diudi omg dng dft may.
T r a ^ mS binh thd difim cto t^ng (Balanced S c ^ e CanO cua Kqilan &*Noinn), (1992) dd tihfi iffifira bQC t i p v i cai tifin dida nhto rtog cto ctog tf d n ^ l i i ld)dng ngdng bpc t ^ v i lito tyc cii dfin dfi dim bto lpn id)uto trong tuong laL T i w ^ nginh d ^ may cii tifin l i mft difiu quan t n ^ dfi thu hut khtoh htog v i duy bi Ipi afaato- Cto cdog i^bf m^ n g u y ^ l i ^ mdi l i
^ i b % iddn to qtan trpng dfi ^ lpi flifi canh trmh troi% i^^nb. VI v|y, cii tifin li mft flnifc tiidi qaan trpng trong chuSi cui% dng nginh dft may c ^ plisi ) ^ n xet dinb gji.
Tdm i ^ qua |dito tidi chufii cung dng ngiidi d f l n ^ vdi nlrifaig i ^ i t o cdu trade ( ^ Tto ffA liiiy itog diuSi cwig ung cua nginh oS nhdng d ^ tbih rifing )n^ nhn {diit nifin sto
f^toi, (^ia se thtog tin b m g c^uoi cung dng, tbdi gjan diudi cung dng, cii tien trong chufii c o i ^ d i ^ Bto canh do cto thupc tinh nhu chi
^ t , c h ^ luDi^ d'nh linb boat v i Ipi nbuto tnmg <^udi cin^ ung dupc tto gia dfi n ^ j bd simg xem icft khi x ^ dyng hfi thfing &inh gii.
VI dky la cto thufc tinfa quan trpng trong mpi
^ t o h cnig ^ l i ^ , sto xult dfi tao dyng vi duy trt lm tfifi canh tranh. Dong flidi cic thufc lmh cting duoc nhic dto trong nhifiu n^iSn cuu ttudc day cda nhifiu tto gii vfi dinh gU n t o g l p c
2 ^ Gidi OifB ftng dpng pfairong p h i p CFMAE t r e ^ q a d a 1^ diaSi cong ung
CFMAE Hi mft [Auong j^iip djnh lupng, kk h ^ gida ky thu^ ra qayk d^nfa da fliufc thdi vi 1$ fliuyl md. Phuong p i i ^ dupc sd dyng trong cto nhifin cdu kfai flidng tm kbdng diy dd vd fliieu sy hifiu b i ^ difaih xto do cto (Sfiu kifn khtoh quan. CFMAE dya lito 1^
thuyfit D ^ ting ciia dp do md, ticfa phto md v i phuong pb^ dinh gii thd b | c md FAHP - l i in@t Ihuong i ^ ^ dinh lupng vdi cto sfi md Unh tam gjto dung dfi s ^ j ^ cto phuong to ra <piyfit < ^ . Vdi FAHP nprdi ra quy^ dfnh sfi ^ tm cung c ^ nfaOng phto doto udc lupng hon t i lAdng phto d < ^ vdi gii trj chinb xto do bto c h ^ md cua qoi trinh so sinh (Cbaig &
Mon, 1994).
Hf fl)^ dtoh gii ntog Iyc chufii cung fhig nginh dft may l i mft van dfi ra quy^ djnh da tfaufc thifa d i ^ c trinh biy dtrdi djng md hfah thu bto vdi ba jAtSa d p . Ckp Ididng li kfit qui cudi ding cua bf flting diidi gii. Cap mpt l i cto tfaufc thih dfc 1 ^ , CO bto v i ^ trung cila nginh d ^ m ^ . Cac thufc tinh d c ^ mft sfi gAn iihi«i tifiu chi dinfa gii lito quan v i phy thufc vdi nbau d d p bai cda md hfaib. Md hhifa dinh p i tiid bac cua I^ fli^g dupc minh hpa trcmg hlnh 2J2.
T t a n g 71
Science ^Technology Developnent, Vol 17, No.Q4 - 2014
Hinh 2.2:Md hinh phto d p hf tiidng tiico CFMAE Nang lut ihuoi cung (tns nganh it may
CFMU Bfin c^nh dd hf tiifing dinh gii ntog iyc
chufii cung iing nginh dft may can xay dyng vdi cic chi sfi djnh lupng tich hpp c6 dupc til cic dinh gii chi quan cua cic chuyfin gia.
Vdi cic dto tlnh trfn, phuong p h ^ CFAME 14 phii hpp dfi su dyng tinh trpng sfi cua tung thufc tfnh dfin ntog lyc tfing thfi cua chufii v i lo^ bd ttnh chu quan cua ngudi dinh gii. Dfing thdi, vdi vifc sd dyng cic sd md &ong phuong phip sfi giup cho ngudi ra quyfit djnh cd khdng gian rfng hon vdi nhttng phto doto vk dinh gii lifin quan dfin nhifiu myc tifiu. Cufii cung, CFAME thfch hpp cho vifc tfch hpp cic tieu chi tiieo md hfah tini b | c hon l i phuong phip vector rifing tniyfin thfing. Vi dSy l i difiu ma nghifin cdu hudng dfin - vdi mft hf thfing dinh ntog lyc ticfa hpp cic thufc tinh trong chufii.
CFMAE gfim ba thyc hifn. Diu tifin, df do md vi tfch phan md dupc su dyng dfi xie djnh him gii trj dtoh gii h(Xi) cua tdng tiiufc ^ i d p mft dupc phto inh trong cic tifiu chi c ^ hai. Sau dd, phuong phip FAHP Huga fiiyc hifn dfi xie djnh trpng sfi (Wi) ciia tdng thufc tinh d p mft.
Cufii Cling dfi dtoh gii ntog lyc tong the ciia chufii, chi sfi nSng Iyc SCp dupc (Jnh qua phucmg phip SAW (Simple Additive Weight) dfi tfch hpp him gii trj dinh gii h(Xi) d budc mft vi trpng sfi Wi d budc hai.
3. Phmmg p h i p nghifin cfru
Dfi dgt dupc myc tifu nghifin ciiu Id xiy dyng hf tiifing dinh gii ntog Iyc chuoi cung dng nginh dft may, quy trinh nghifn cdu dupc dfi xuat nhu hinh 3.1.
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JMmi fHAT TRiiN KHACN, T^P 17, S 6 Q4 - 2014 HitA ^ii Quy trinh i ^ i t o t ^
TTieo q t ^ trfah trfin, cto phuong p h ^ ii^fin c f e dttpc sd dyng bao gfim;
3.1. Nghiln cdu 1^ thuyfit
Nghifin cdu ]^ tiiuylt nhim tim hifiu cic ngWto cdu m fliyc hifn tiudc dd trong cdng ITnh vyc, dfing tiidi phto tfch cic djlc mmg cfla CbliSi cung dng nginh dfl may. Td dd, hlnh thinh hf tiifing dioh gii chiiSi cung dng dya bfin cic CO sd I;^ thuylt vi phto tich quto trj.
3.2. Phuvng p h i p Delphi
Delphi Ii mft phurong phip djnh tinfa nfii tifing dupc tjo ra bdi hai nhi khoa hpc My li Helmer & Daltey vio nim 1953. Phuong p h ^ dupe ti^ htoh qua nhifiu giai do^n, trong dd mSi giai do^m etoh nhau khotog hai tiitog.
Trimg vdng diu tifin cic chuyfn gia sfi tra ldi cto eto hdi chung vfi vln dfi nghito cdu v i cac vdng ti^ tiieo sfi dupc xiy dyng dya frfin kit qui thu dupc td vdng fliyc faifn tnrdc dd. Qui tiinh sfi d ^ ddt kbi cd sy dfing thu$n cua tat c i cto chuyto gia vfi vln dfi cln dy bio hoto nghifin d h i (Ddbecq v i dfing sy,' 1975).
Delphi dupc fliyc hifin trong fliifin cdu qua ba vdng dinh gii nhim lo^i bd vi bfi sung flifim cic fliupe tinfa, tifiu chf trong hf thfing da xiy dyng. Vdi cic djc difm nhu tfnh khuyet danh, kiem soit thdng tin nhilu qua nhifiu vdng thyc hifn v i phin hfii blng hinh thdc vifitciia phuong p h ^ , till diy li phuong phip j^ii hpp de khim phi thfim cto ftong tm vfi chuoi cung dng ngtoh dft may vi cac chi sfi dinh gii vdi sy kilm soit flidng tin ch?t chg.
Ket qua cufii cing cua giai dogn niy li hfah flitoh faf thfing dtoh gii ntog Iyc chufii cung dng hoto chinh dya trto sy thfing nhit ^ kien Clia cic chuyfin gia trong ngtoh.
3 3 . Cdng cy khdo s i t bing cin hdi Btog cau hoi khao sit li cdng cu giiJp fliu ftfp sfi Iifu dinh gii cda cic doanh nghifp trong nginh dft may vfi mdc df quan trpng ciia cic tiiupc tinh, tifu chi trong faf flifing. Dtt lifu tiiu dupc tu btog cau hdi sfi ho try cho phuang phip phto rich djnh lugmg CFAME.
T r a n g 73
Science &TechnoIog> Deveiopment, Vol 17, No.Q4 - 2014 Cau Iruc bang cau hdi gdm ba phan: Dau tien la cac thong tin danh gia muc dp quan trong Xij ciia cac chi sfi danh gia cap hai de hfi tro .cho tinh toan do do md va tich phan md.
Tiep theo la phin danh gid trong so cua tung thupc tinh cip mpt d dang ma trto so sanh cap de cung cap thong tin cho qua trinh FAHP. Va phin CUOI cung la nhttng thflng tin chung vfi doi tuong tham gia khao sat.
3.4. Phuofng phap CFAME
Cufii cung, phuong phap CFMAE qua ba giai do?in dupc thyc hien dfi xay dyng him danh gia nang lyc tfing thfi chuSi cung dng nginh det may vdi cic chi so chung cCia nginh la him gia trj danh gia h(Xi) vi trpng sfi Wi tinh dupc.
Diu tifin dya vio phto tfch die tnmg ctia chudi cung ung nginh dft may vi cic nghifn cdu lien quan (myc 2.[) tim thupc tinh d p mpt CO ban dupc hinh thanh nhu sau: phdt trien sdn phdm Irong chudi cung dng: chi phi chudi cung dng: thai gian chudi cung ung: chdi lugng chudi aing ung; linh linh hogi Irong chudi cung img; cdi liin irong chuoi cung dng; chia si thong lin Irong chudi cung ung vd lgi nhugn trong chuoi cung i'mg.
Cic chi sfl cip hai dupc tic gii xiy dyng thong qua tim hifiu cic nghifn ciiu vk hf thfing danh gii ntog lire chufii cung iing ciia Beamon (1999), Brewer & Speh (2000), Bhagwat &
Shanna (2007), Cirtita vi dfing sy (2012) vi cic chi sfi dupc ip dyng thyc tfi tai nhifiu doanh nghifp qua nghifin cuu ciia Keebler vi dfing sy (1999).
CCing cuoi mo hinh phin cap hf thfing dinh gii ning lyc chuoi cung iing nginh dft may dupc hinh thinh bao gom tim thufc tinh d p mft vi ba muoi hai chi sfi dinh gii d p hai dupc trinh biy trong bing 4.1 ben dudi.
Bang 4.1: Hf thfing danh gii nSng NLCCC nginh dft may d^ng mo hinh phto d p 4. Ket qua nghien cdu
4.1. Kit q u i nghifin cdu 1^ thuylt Mfl hinh phin cip hf thfing dinh gii nang lyc chufii cung ung nginh det may gflm cic thufc tinh d p mft vi chi sfi dinh gii d p hai.
Thu^c tlnh dp I Phit trifin sto phim trong chufii cung
dng(Fl)
Chi phi trong chuoi cung dng
(F2)
Thdi gian trong chuoi cung dng
(F3)
Chisd do lu&ng cdp 2 Ty If mlu thifit kfi dupc chip nhfn Chat iupng thuc hi|ri mlu Kha ntog R&D ciia toin chuoi
^ h i phi^hit trien sin p Chi phi san xuit _ Chi phi tfin kho Chl phi van chuyen Chi phi kifim soit chit lirpng Chi phi chia sfi thflng tin j noi gian phat tnen san pham Thdi gian lam chl tao mau JMi.g!gg.chuan bj nguyen v|t Iifu
Thdi gian sin xult 'i gian giao s a n ^ i n i _
•IhgLgjgJLghd trong chufii cung dng Tdng thdi gian chd sin xuat trong chuoi
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; rJUf^Will IKOiXatiai, l^ 17, SO Q4 - 20N
PfaatlDKn^:da- -
| a ^ t l i i % t i n g
Ghia se thong tin trong.chufii cung
1 mm)
llnb^'fiHh jiQtpt c i a e h i ^ ' u m g d n g
•CK^^ntPQng, ffai^ <3Wg dng Lpinhuto tforig chufii cungdr^
(F«)
l ^ ^ l b f i t o s ' a o ^ ^ a v ^ vft lito 'Xy teliuhdng do sto xult Ty lfi giao han^ ^ n g thdi b ^ Ty If don grao btog boto hto Thdng tin chia sfi cfainh xie Thdi gian chia se thSn^ tin -ISieu qua cda viec chia se tbdng tfa l^idi hoat trong so lu^mg
Linh boat trong geao nhto Linb boat trong kfit hyp sto pliim Sd sto pham mdi moi miia Sd lupng ky tfauft mdi sd dyng Ty lfi n.guvto vat Iifu mdi Tnig dotofa thu chuoi cung dng T^ng Ioi nhugn chufii eung dng Phto phfii Ipi nfauto hpp tf
4.2. Kifim djnh md hlnfa qua Delphi Phmmgjijbip Delphi dupc tiiyc hifn trong nglwto cdu qua ba vdng dfi kifim chdng I^i tinh khs thi v4 thn sy ftfing i^k ciia Cto chi^to gia cho md hfaih dinh gii dupcTicty dyng.
Sau kfii fliyc hifn vdng Delpfai diu tien blng phuong pi^ pfadng vln ^ u sto chuyto gia trong nginh, hf thfing dupc dfi xult bfi sung thfim bai ftufc tinh Ii "HEfn su& chuoi cnng ling" (F9) v i "Hifu qui quto ly tii sto chuSi cung dng" (FIO) tirong feng vdi sto chi sfi dinh
&k d p iim: hifu suit sd dyng vfin; hifu suit ngufin Iao dfng; hifu suit nguyto v§t Iifu; h i ^ suit ngufin ntog lyc; vdng quay tii sto vi chu 1^ d ^ tifin. Dfing tiidi, chi sfi dtoh gii "Kifin flriic 1 ^ i^uW quto IJ" dupc thfim vio ftufc tinh "Pbit trifin sto pbIm trong chufii cung dng". Tluifc tinb "Thdi gian nong cfaufii cung d n ^ dupc bfi sung flifim chi sd "TTidi gian
vimg quay ^ 1 ^ " . Ou s6 Tfah chfnh xkc ciia dy bic^ <hipc de xult them dfi dtoh gti ftufc tnfli "Cbk Iupng cda chufii cung dng".
Kit qua hf fli&)g dtoh gii den gjai d o ^ niy gfim 10 ftufc tinh d p mft ^ 42 cht sfi dtoh g i i c ^ hai.
Vtog Del)riii ftd hai dupc ftyc faifn thfing qua btog cto fadi khto sit so bf vdi 12 cfauyto gia trong n ^ h (6 chuyto gia d vtog mpt vi 6 chuyfn gia dupc indi bfi sung). Bing phmmg phip i^ito tidl thfing kfi vdi c ^ chi sfi trj trung binh, df Ifch chuin v i hf so Cronbach's alpha trong btog 4.2, cto chuyto gia dS ftfing nhit Io9i bd hai ftupc tinh "Hifu suit chufii cung dng" va "Hifu qua quto Ij? tii sto chufii cung ung" ctog vdi cto chi sfi dinh ^ i d p hai tuong flng, do cd dd phto tto cao Irong kit qua. Kbi do, md hfaih hifn tai cdn 8 ftupc tinh d p mpt va 35 cfai so d p hai.
T r a n g 7 5
Science ATechnology Development, Vol 17, No.Q4 - 2014
Bang 4.2: Chi so thong ke Clia v6n9 Thupc linh
F5 F3 F4 H F2 F7 F8 Fl FIO
F9 Tri l/bliih
6.2 6.0 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.1 4.6 4.0
Dp I/chudn
0.1278 0.1098 0 0836 0.0967 0.0887 0.0965 0.1167 0.0665 0.1876 0.1654
Delphi hai Cronbach's
alpha 0.7474 0.8868 0,7698 0.8654 0.9023 0.7212 0,7698 0.8845 0 6024 0,6782 1 Vong Delphi thii ba nhSm gdi kfit qui danh
gia cua vong hai dfin cac chuyfin gia v i ghi nhan y kien phan hfii. Tuy nhien cac chuyen gia deu nhit tri he thfing danh gia n3ng luc chuoi cung ung nganh dft may gfim 8 thupc
tinh d p mpt v i 35 chi sfi cip hai nhu bing 4.3.
Theo dd, mft bang cau hoi khao sit dupc hinh thanh sau vdng Delphi niy dfi tifin htoh thu thfp sfi lieu cho nghifin cuu.
Bang 4.3: Hf thong danh g i i nSng iuc chufii cung dng nginh dfit may sau 3 vdng Delphi Thugc tlnh
dpi
Fl
F2
F3
Chi so do ludng dp 2 Ty le miu thiet ke dupc chip nhan
Chit lupng thyc hifn mau Kha nang R&D ciia toin chudi Kien thiic quan ly trong qui trinh phAt trifin sin phim Chi phi phit trifin sin_£him Chi phi sin xult Chi phi tfin kho Chi phivin chuyen Ch[£hjj<iern soil chit lupng Chi phi chia sethflnp tin Thd[gian_phit^tri|ri sin phim J^] gian lam chfi tgo mlu
Thdi gian chuin bi nguyen vat lifu
Thdi gian sin xuit Thai gian giao san^hlm Thdi gian chd trong chufii cung dng
Tong thdi gian chd sin xuit Trang 76
T ^ CHI PHAT TRiiK KHACN, I ^ P 17, S 6 (?4 - 2014
tr<Mi.g dmoi
Thdi gian vdr^Quai/tSn kho Tf Ifi hu htog do n g i ^ n v^
Iifiu
Ty If hu hdng do sto x d t Ty lfi giao htog dtin.g ftdi h ^ Ty If don giao htog hoto hto Tfah chfah xto cda dy Mo Thong rin chia se chfah xto Tlidi g
H i ^ (pja eua « f c diia se Linh faoM trong sd luqn^
Lnih bojtf trong giao nhto Linh bx^ traag ket hpp sto So sto riilm mdi mfii miia sfi Imjag kf ftujt mdi su dyng
Ty If nguyen v|t lifu mdi Tdng doanb ftu cIniSi d dn^
Tdng lpi nfauto chuoi c/ dng Phto phfii lpi nhuto hgp 1:^
4 3 . Tfing qoao miii nghifin cdu So lifu nghito cdu dupc ftu ft||p d cic doanh n ^ ^ ho^t d^ng trong linh vyx: dft may d khu vyc TP.HCM ftdng qira mft btog ciu hdi khto sit.
Tfing mlu kbto sit ftu tiifp dupc l i 194 mlu fteo phuong phip lly mlu ng^u nhien Am gito. Trtmg dd cd 82 m ^ chifim ty If 42% l i cic doanh ngfai^ boyt dfng bting Ifah vyc may m|c vi gia cfing, 18% ho9t dfng trong ITnh vyc phto phfii bto 16, 17% trong Imh vyc sto xult d c nguyto lifu p l ^ trp, 10% trong ITnh vyc dft vi sto XU& vffl, 10% trong Iinh vyc in n b u ^ V4 cfc ifesft n ^ i $ p ho?t dfng tiong ITnh vyc sto xult spi, bdng cd tJ If ftip nfalt 3 % (6 mlu).
4.4. Phmmg p h i p CFAME xfiy dyng b i m d i n h gii ntog l^rc chufii cong dng
CFMAE dupc ftyc hifn qua ba budc nhu sau: dp do md v i tich phto md; phuong phip FAHP v i phuong p h ^ SAW,
4.4.1. Dg do md vd lich phdn mo Dp do md vi htoi tfch phto md dupc thyc faifn dfi xiy dyng faim gii fri dinh gii h(Xi) ciia tim ftufc tinh c ^ m f t
Dto tifin tto gii sfi chuyfin cic gji tq ftyc cua cic dtoh gii flitoh gii frj md, vdi sfi md hhft ftang. Vi dy, mft btog hfii dip kfit qui cho bfin tifiu chf nhu sau: (6, 4, 5, 5). Khi dd gii ni ma hda md dirpc xto d ^ difn cho mfii tifiu chi Ii (0.7, 0.75, 0.85, 0.9); (0.4, 0.45, 0.55,0.6); (0J5,0.6, 0.7,0.75); (0.55,0.6 0 7 0.75).
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Sciencie ATechnologj Developmenl. Vol 17, No.QJ- 2914 Sau dd tac gia tinh so md trung binh cua 194 ngudi hfli dip theo phuong phap trung binh cong cho tiina tieu chi cip hai. Vi dy so md trung binh cua bon tieu chi tren lan lupt la (0.496. 0.546. 0.646, 0,695): (0.518, 0.568, 0.668, 0.717); (0.448, 0.498, 0.598, 0.647);
(0.381,0.431,0531.0.581).
Su dyng-cic cflng thuc khd md (cdng flidc ^ do khoang each, gia trj trung tim vi trpng lye r,' trpng tam) dfi tim ra gia tri thyc cua cac ftufc tinh d p mft. Gia trj khu md cua bfin tifu chi tren li (0.595, 0.617,0.547,0.481).
Sau khi c6 gia trj khu md, dfl do md \ dupc tinh nhu bang 4 4.
Bang 4.4: Gia trj dp do md X ciia tim thufc tinh 77i«^c tinh cdp I
Phat trien s/ pham trong chufii c/
ling
Chi phi chufii cung iing Thdi gian chufii cun^ dn^
Chit lupng chufii cung iing Tinh linh hoat trong chufii clung Chia se ftflng tin trong chufii c/ung
Tinh doi mdi trong chufii cung ung
Lpi nhuto trong chufii cung dng Chisd J.
-0.9535 -0.9742 -0.9996 -0.9972 -0.9850 -0.8982 -0.9522 -0.9887 V6i gid tri X tim duqc ham gia tii danh gia
;ua tSm thugc tinh lan lu^t dirpc x&c dinh nhir
h(XI) - h(XI4)«l + h(X13)*(l - 0.959) + h(X12)>(0.959 - 0.862) + h(XII)« (0.862 - 0.595)
h(X2) - h(X26)»l + h(X25)«(l - 0.9841) + h(X24)'(0.9841 - 0,9478) + h(X23)"( 0.9478 - 0,8665) + h(X22)«(0.8665 0,7795) h(X21 )'(0.7795-0.5206)
h(X3) - h(X38)'l + h(X37)*(l - 0.9996) + h(X36)>( 0.9996 - 0,9984) + h(X35)>(0.9984 - 0.9896) + h(X34)'(0.9896 0,9659) h(X33)«(0,9659 - 0.9222) + h(X32)«(0.9222 - 0,8334) + h(X31 )'(0.8334 - 0.5905)
h(X4) - h(X45)'l + h(X44)«(l - 0.9971) + h(43)'(0.9971 - 0.9785) + h(X42)«(0.9785 - 0,8913)+ h(X4l)«(0 8 9 1 3 - 0 6640)
h(X5) - h(X53)'l + h(X52)«(l - 0.9573) + h(X51)«(0 9573-0,7792)
h(X6) = h(X63)*l + h(X62)«(l - 0.8889) + h(X61)«(0.8889-0.6470)
h(X7) - h(X73)'l + h(X72)«(l - 0.9268) + h(X71 )*(0.9268-0.7234)
h(X8) - hCX83)«l + h(X82)»(l - 0.9620) + h(X81)«( 0,9620-0.7796)
Cdc hdm gid trj danh gid tr€n d^i difn chung cho todn ngdnh dft may. Khi d6 gid tri ddnh gid Clia mft chuoi cung ihig nhit djnh dui?c xdc dmh qua hdm h(X,j) theo tfmg chi s6 c^p hai tuong trng,
4 4.2. Phuang phdp FAHP FAHP Id mft gidi thu$t cda phuong phdp AHP trong d6 cdc gid trj Id so mft hlnh Iam gidc, Phuong phdp gdm b6n budc thuc hifn nhu sau:
Gau tifn cdc ma tran so thuc dupc chuyin thdnh cdc ma trfn so sdnh cdp vdi cdc sd md hlnh tam gidc gSm ba chir s6 ia,i .a,i. a,]) T n i n g 78
T ^ C I I PBAT TRItN KMitCH, T4P17, SO Q4 - 2114
^ 0 1 ^ tao m» nfff to s&A c ^ vm cto s6
»& t i ^ UnA cda 194 i^irot 1 ^ d ^ Aeo
Tine Isen cto p b ^ toto ufn ma trto nhu I^Hoi^ phi^ Alfl* vdi cto sd md. sfi duoc mag s6 cto ttoi ttiudc t ^ dudi Amg sd md lAUi tam g a c A19C thfi hiai tnmg btog 4 J Biag 45: T i ^ ^ s6 mo ciia tam dune tiiiti
C f W i - f i .
» ' j .
»«.
Bi.
" i . Wn.
»'>.
««
0J359 OJ500 0.6034 0.9184 1.4611 0^383 0.7237 IJ683
Us 0.7067 0.4387 0.8533 I.28SI 1.9964 0.7099 0.9716 2.1360
Oa 0.9698 0.6038 1.2073 1.7300 2.5484 0.9715 1J043 2.7278
Til^ tyc sd dyng cto cdng tbdc Uid md sS A19C1191% so Wi eda ttm ttnifc tndi (bidi dang
so tfapciinr btog 4.^.
Q u g 4.6: Trgi% sd cua ttoi duidc tmh IHmfcOih
1.91 nbuln mmg todn chudi cung ^nig rinh linh ho^ Iroag chuoi cung mq.
C3at hivng m n g cfanSi cung 6ng Tinb (»i mdi trong chuSi cung ting Thdi ^an Irong cfanSi cung ung C3iia sf diSng tin trong chuSi cung iing Ph^ trien san phlni Irong ehuSj cuig Ung Cbi phi Irong ehuoi eung ung
siW, 03372 0.2166 0.1397 0.1077 0.0934 0.0797 0.0793 0.0506 Vfi c4c b g ^ s6 Wi oAy, kfit b ^ pfi trj dtob
SA hpCi) d ^ dofo 0191 cda [Aura« p h ^ CI^4AE tbl tOn^ Kic cda mOt diufii omg utig cv ttifi sE dagc dtodh ^
4.4.3.146 tAAdadtg^drdbig fyc CHM^ amg dngtdi^Ai
F h n » « pUp c$ng tbib tnpog s6 dtm ^ t o ' (SAW) 96 Jagc thge Mgn as dtoh gid n a ^ 1^:
cua mot (^oSi c u ^ di^ nh^ d ^ ( ^ t i ^ ic^
qua cua ^ ni dtoh gid h(Xi) vd trpng sdW,.
Chi sd n ^ IQC chum cw% di% dupc xto djnh qiBcdi^tbdc:
SC, = h,.W, + hj.W2 + hj-Wj + h4.W4 + bj-Wj + h^W, + hj-W, + htW,{4.1)
T r M g 7 9
Sciencie &Techaology Development, Vol 17, No.Q4 - 2014 Vdi 194 mlu khao sat dap dng lot yeu cau bao phu vk vj tri dja ly d khu vyc TP.HCM va day do cic mSt xich trong chudi cung dug nganh det may nen cac gia tri trpng sd W, trong nghian cdu dugc xem la gia Iri trong s6 chung cho toan nganh. Khi dd, cdng thdc trln dugc vilt lai th&nh:
SCp = 0.0793h, + 0.0506hj + 0.0934h3 + 0.I397K, + 0.2166h5 + 0.0797h6 + 0.1077h7 + 0.2322h8 (4.2)
Vdi mot chu6i cung ung nhal djnh, khi c4c tieu chi danh gia cap hai dugc xto dinh, thi gii tri h, se dugc tinh qua phuong phap do do md va tfch phan md. Khi dd, chi s6 n3ng lire ciia chuoi cung ung SCp sfi dugc finh theo cdng thdc (4.2).
Ket qua SCp, sS giiip doanh nghi?p xem lgi qu^ trinh ho^t dgng va quto ly chuoi cung ung difa tr€n cto thugc tinh vk chi so dugc thdng nhdt chung trong toto ngtoh. Ddng thdi bilt dugc thuOc tinh nto cd trgng s6 Wi Idn s5 giiip doanh nghiap tgp trung nguon l\ic hifu qua 6k dat myc tieu tdt nh^t.
S. Trirdng hgp nghiSn cihi
H? thdng dtoh gii ntog lyc chuSi cung dng nginh dft may da x5y dyng, dugc ip dyng dtoh gii thyc t6 tai cong ty may Nhi Bf, nham kifm djnh tinh kha thi vi sy phd hgp cua hf th6ng vk cic chi s6 chung ciia nginh gdm him dinh gii h(X,) vi ngng s6 W,.
Phucmg phip dinh gii dugc thyc hifn. chu y^u li thio luto vdi d?i difn doanh nghifp df dinh gii cic tifu chf trong hf tiling dya trfn myc tifu, kk ho^ch chifn luge vi thyc ti?ng vto hinh chuSi cung dng ciia cdng ty tren thang do biy dilm td hoto toin khdng tot den hoto toto rit tft.
5.1. Gidi thifu doanh nghifp NBC - Tdng Cong ty CP may Nhi Bf li m^t trong nhdng doanh nghifp hing dau trong T r a n g 80 '
ngtoh dft may Vift Nam. Dugc thinh If^ tfir'l ntoi 1973 vdi hai xf nghifp dkn nay NBC dS tjS^, hon 35 don vj v i xf nghifp vdi gan 20.000 ^ ' ' . bg cong nh§n vien, 15.000 miy mdc thilt bj ' chuyfn dung, hien d^i va d^t doanh thu trfn 100 ty mfli nim.
Ho^t dgng chd yeu trong linh v ^ sin xuit ^/k bto le hang may mic cho thj tnrdng trong nudc, xuat khiu sang thi trudng qudc te vi cic hogt ddng dav ta, thuong m?i,... Sau 30 nim hoat dgng NBC ^ tjio dugc uy tfn vdi khich htog vf ning Iyc sto xuit, chit lugng sto pham vi thuong hifu.
Tdng budc hoin thifn cic mit xfch trong qui trinh sin xult td chu ddng nguyfin v$t lifu d^u vto den thi trudng dau ra, NBC di tdng budc ip dung quto ly chuoi cung dng vio doanh nghifp td ntoi 2008. Hifn t^i cdng ty dS hinh thtoh CO bto so do chuoi gii trj v i k^t n6i chudi cung dng vdi mdt so nhi cung d p nguyfn vSt Iifu v i cic trung ttoi phto ph6i, bto If d thi trudng trong nirdc.
Trudc xu hirdng chung cda nginh li "Diy m^nh tham gia vio chuoi cung dng toto clu", NBC tham gia nghien cdu vdi mong mu6n kit qui nghifn cdu sf giiip cho doanh nghifp cd djnh hudng v i ri soit Iai ho^t dgng chuSi cung dng tnrdc khi tham gia vio chu3i cung dng toto clu Clia ngtoh.
5.2. Kit q u i dinh gii chuSi cung dug Kit qui dinh gii cic tieu chf trong hf thing Clia dai dien cdng ty may Nhi Bf, dugc xd 1^
qua bon budc trong giai do^n m^t cua CFMAE, kit hgp vdi cic htoi dtoh gii h(Xi) da dugc xie djnh d l tfah gii frj hi cho tim thuflc tfnh Clia cong ty nhu btog sau.
Bing 5.1: Gii frj dinh gii cua NBC Thu^cllnhcipmpi Phdt triln sdn p h ^ trong Chu5i d(mg
aidlrl mih gU hi
0.6474
TAF CHi PBAI I R I t N KHiCN, TAP 17, S6 Q4 - 2014 Thdi giao troi^ d i u ^ cung dng
Chi phi chuoi cuns dns Ch5t lugng chudi cune dns • Tinh linh hoat trraia chudi c^dns Chia se t h ^ g tin irong chudi c/dnp Tfnh ddi mdi trong diudi d ihig Lgi nhuto tn»ig chudi c' dn&
0.7282 0.6657 0.7484 0.69%
0.7290 0-5499 0.7973
Tinh linb hoat trong diud
omg dng 0.6996
Oiia se thong tin trong
chudi cung dng *'-^^^
Tmh ddi mdi trong chuoi cung dng
Lgi nhuto tnmg chuoi cung dng
0.5499 0.7973
Tdt(LG) Rit tdt (VG) T6t(LG) Rit tdt(VG)
Su dung cdng thdc 4.2 (muc 4.43) nang luc tong thf chudi cung dng may Nhi Be dugc xto (^idinhusau;
SCffl = 0.0793b, + 0.0506h2 + 0.0934h5 + O.I397h, + 02l66h5 + 0.0797h6 + 0.]077h7 -r 0.2322b, = 0.0793*0.6474 + 0.0506*0.7282 + 0.0934*0.6657 ^ 0.1397*0.7484 02166*0.6996 + 0.0797*0.7290 0.0797*0.5499+0.2322*0.7973 = 0.70889.
Theo quy luit chuyfn ddi gia trj cua Deigado vi ddng sit (1998), ngdn ngd dinh ^ i ning luc chu6i cung dng may Nhi Bf dng vdi ^ i tn md 0.70889 ntoi trong khotog (0.7, 0.75, 0.85, 0.9)li"R^tdt''.
Tuong tu, ngdn ngd dtoh gia cho tim thugc tinh cap mdt ciia diudi cung dng may Nid Be dng vdi cto gii trj nong btog 5.1 dagc ninb biy traog btog 5.2 nhu sau:
Bing 5 2 : Ngdn ngd danh gii cac thugc tinh trong diuSi cung dng cua NBC Thupc I6ih cdp mpt
Phit trifn sto phim nong chuSi cung dng Thdi gian trong ehudi cung ung
Chi phi chuoi cung ung Cbit lugng chudi cung dng
Gid oi h,
0.6474 0.7282 0.6657 0.7484
Ngdn ngit dank gid
Tdt(LG) Rat tdt (VG) T&(LG) Rat tdt (VG)
6. Kit IU|D
C^ito iy chudi eung ung ticb hgp se giiip doanh n ^ i f p cai thien ntog lyc vd ntog cao gia nj eanh nanh. Tuy nhifn, df vto hinh chuoi cung dng hieu qua can phai dinh gii va kifm soit tdt cic mit xich trong chudi thong qua hf thdng tifu cbi dtoh gii rich hg^.
Vdi [rfiuong frfiip Delphi vi cto nghien cuu
!y thuyft nto tang, dl tii (B xiy dyng dugc hf t b ^ g danh gii ning Iuc chuSi cung dng nginh dft may dudi dang riid hinh phan c ^ gom 8 tiiugc tinh cap mgt v i 35 chi sd dtoh gii cap hai. Cac kf thuat eua logic md dugc sd dung dk loai bd tinh chu quan tu dd lieu nghien cuu cua 194 btog khao sat cua cic doanh nghiep ho^t dgng tiong nginh.
NSng lyc chuoi cung iing dugc xie djnh qua ham gii ni danh gii h(Xi) vi tigng sd Wi ciia lung tiiugc Iinh. Trgng so Wi cia cic fliufc tuih vi ham tich phto h(Xi) dugc sd dyng nhu li gii trj tiiam khto chung cho toto nginh khi tiiuc hien dinh gii ning luc cho mdt chuSi cung ung nhit djnh.
Vdi nhihig thuit toto dugc 1 ^ ninh sin trwig phin mem Matlab sf giup doanh nghifp dl dtog dinh gia ntog lyc chuSi cung ung theo nhung thdi dilm kbic nhau. Tu 06 doanh nghifp ed till so sinh, danh gii vi dua ra cic qu>'et dinh tdt nhil lien quan dfn van hinh chudi cung ung.
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Sciencie filechnology Development, Vol 17, No.Q4 - 2014 Hf thflng danh gii ning lyc chudi cung dng sau khi xay dyng d§ dugc ip dung dl dinh gii ning Iuc chudi cung dng tai cdng ty may Nhi Be vi thu dugc nhifu kft qui dtog kl. Trong
dd, nhan m^nh ntog lyc cua cic mit xfch trong '"..
chuoi cung dng Ifn ning lyc chung cua toto chuoi.
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[10]. Kaplan, R. S, & Norton, D. P. (1992), The balanced scorecard — measures lhat drive performance. Harvard Business Review, Vol. 70No. l , p p . 7 1 - 7 9 .
[11]. Keebler, J. S., Marodt, K. B, Durtsche, D.
A. & Ledyard, D. M. (1999), Keeping SCORE: Measuring the Business Value of Logistics In the Supply Chain. Oak Brook, IL: Council of Logistics Management.
[12]. Kurt Salmon Associates Inc. (1993), Effcient Consumer Response: Enhancing Consumer Value In the Grocery Industry.
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[13]. Wickett, J. L., Gaskill, L. R. &Damhorst, M. L. (1999), Apparel retail product development: Model testing and expansion.
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