NBHIEN CUU CHINH THI-XA HBI
HOAN THIEN QUAN LY NHA NUdC DOI ven PHAT TRIEN NGANH LAM NGHIEP
Ll/ONG THI GIANG*
Tom tit: Lam nghiep la mot nginh san xuat vat cha't mdt nganh kinh te - mdi tnrdng cua nen kinh le quoc dan Da do. khi ndi quan iy nha nffde ddi vdi nganh Lam nghiep ia noi Nha nuac thijc hien c/iifc nang quin ly Nganh bang phip luat bang he thdng chinh saeh, bing cac quy dinh dieu hanh cic quan hevJma cua nganh Lim nghiep Cdng tac quan iy nha nucJc ddi vai phit tnen nginh Lim nghiep cd vai tro het sffe quan trong trong viec dam bao cho Nginh phit trien dung hffdng. on dinh va hieu qua, phu hap vdi chien iffqc va ke hoach phai then kinh te -xahoi chung cua tffng quoc gia va tffng vung lanh tho Trong qua tnnh phat tnen. Nha nffde da xiy dffng va thffdng xuyen hoan thien he thdng cac van ban phap luat chien iffgc va ke hoach tuang ddi ddng bo lam ca sd phap ly cho viec td chffc cac hoat dong cua nganh Lam nghiep tren pham vi toin bd nen kinh le
Tir khoa: Quan iy nha nffde. nganh Lam nghiep. phit then nganh Lam nghiep
I
Thifc trang quan ly nha nUde dd'i vdi• phat trien nganh Lam nghiep trong thdi gian qua
* He thong to chdc quan ly nganh Lam nghiep He thdng td chffc bd may Nhd nfffle ve iam nghiep fl nfffle ta co su thay ddi rat Idn qua nhffng cot mdc quan trpng. Cot mdc d i u tien dupe danh da'u vao ngay 14/11/1945, khi Hpi ddng Chinh phu ban hanh nghj quyet thanh lap Bd Canh Ndng, trong dd od Nha Lam chinh - don vj chuyen trach ve b i o ve rffng va trong rffng.
Khoang 5 nam sau. Nha Lam ohinh lan luat dupe ddi ten thanh Nha Thuy lam rdi Vu Thiiy lam, Cue Lam nghiep. Sau nhieu giai doan tiep tuc phan tach, sap nhap. den nam 1995, Bp Nong nghiep va Phat then ndng thdn chinh thffc dffpc thanh lap tren cfl sfl hflp nhat Bp Ndng nghiep vd Cong nghiep thuc pha'm, Bp Lam nghiep va Bd Thuy Ipi. Tff ndm 2007, theo nghj quyet oua Qude hdi, Bd Npng nghiep vd Phat trien ndng thdn hpp nhat
^ Bai hoe Ldm nghiip
viS Bd Thuy s i n , Sep tuc giff ten gpi Bp Ndng nghiep va Phdt then ndng thdn vd dffpc giao thdm nhiem vu quan ly nha nufle ve Inh vuc thuy, hai san.
Theo Nghi dinh sd 86/NO-CP ngdy 18/7/2003 cua Chinh phu, he thdng td chdc nganh Ldm nghiep duoc phan chia thanh hai cap; Trung uong va dia phuang Trong dd, cap Trung uong bao gom Cue Lam nghidp. Cue Kiem lam, cae dfln vj su nghiep true thupc va mdt sd cue, vu khde. 6 cap dja phuong, he thflng td chUe dupe phan chia thanh ba cap nho hpn: Cap tinh (Sfl Ndng nghiep va Phat tnen ndng thon, Chi cue Phat then lam nghiep, Chi cue K i l m lam); cap huyen (Phpng npng nghiep vd phat trien nong thon (NN&PTNT) vfli 1-2 can bo chuyen trach lam nghiep; Hat Kiem lam); cap xa (uy vidn uy ban xa; Kiem lam vien phu trdch dja ban).
Nhin chung, bp may q u i n ly nha nude ddi vcri nganh Ldm nghiep duoc phan cap tuong dd'i he thdng tff cap Trung uong tfli dja phuong.
Theo De dn tai co cau nganh Lam nghiep duoc Bp truong BP Ndng nghiep va Phat then npng thdn phe duyet tai Quyet djnh sd 1565/QO-
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TAP CHl GIAO DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2017)BNN-TCLN ngdy 08/7/2013, thi each t i l p can quan ly nganh Ldm nghiep dffoe thuc hidn theo chufli gid trj, tff khau tao nguydn lieu cho tfli khai thac, e h l bien va fieu thu s i n pham. Cdch t i l p can nay tuong ffng vfli quan d i l m , nhiem vu duoc de cap tai C h i l n luoc phat trien lam nghiep giai doan 2006 - 2020 va Nghj djnh 199/2013/NO-CP ngdy 26/11/2013 cOa Chinh phfl quy djnh chffc nang, nhidm vu, quyen ban vd co cau td chffc cOa Bp NN&PTNT.
* Nhdng ket qua dat dUflc trong cong t i e quan ly nha nudc dfli vdi phat trien nganh Lam nghiep
- He thdng quan ly nganh Ldm nghidp cua nfffle ta da dupe to ehffe ddng bd, day du theo dung quy djnh. Chu trffong xd hdi hda nghe rffng dupe cu the hoa day du hon; q u i n ly nhd nude cd t i l n bp chO yeu b i n g cdng cu phap ludt, chinh saeh; nhan thffc efla xa hpi ve Nganh nhat qudn hon. Vide giao dat, giao rUng san xuat cho hd gia dinh, cd nhan, doanh nghiep, cac thanh phan kinh te dupe eoi la giai phap mang tinh dot pha;
khuyen khich ode doanh nghidp dau tu vao che bien, kinh doanh lam san. Ngan saeh nha nude chu yeu dau tu eho rffng dac dung va rffng phdng hp vd trong dp khoing 25% long mffc dau tff toan xa hdi cho b i o ve, phdt then rUng, 75% vdn dau tu dupe huy ddng tff cdo ngudn ngodi ngan saeh nha nfffle.
- Co ehe, ohinh sdeh ddi vfli nganh Lam nghiep tiep tuo dupe hoan thien, noi bat ia Nghj djnh 118/2014/NO-CP ve s i p xep ddi mfli va phat then nang eao hieu q u i hoat dpng cua cao cpng ty ndng, lam nghiep; Nghj djnh 75/2015/NO-CP ve 00 chd, chinh saeh bao ve, phat trien rffng, g i n vfli ohinh sdeh g i i m ngheo nhanh, ben vffng va hp trp ddng bao dan too thieu sd giai doan 2015-2020... Chinh saeh chi tra djeh vu mdi trffflng rUng da va dang thffe su tro thanh mflt trong nhffng ngudn tai ehinh quan trpng eua nganh Lam nghiep. Cac quy dinh ve phap ly thffc hien chinh saeh chi t r i dich vu mdi truflng rUng co ban duflc xay dung va tiep tuc hoan thien de ban
hanh, tao dieu kidn cho vide t r i l n khai ddng bp trdn pham vi ca nufle. Chinh saeh chi tra dich vu mdi truflng rffng da di vac cupc sdng, dfffle cac cap chinh quydn va dffpc ngffdi ddn ung hd. Qua vide t r i l n khai thuc hidn dich vu mdi truflng rUng, da tao nguon thu cho cac hp gia dinh tham gia bao vd rffng; tang gia trj s i n xua't lam nghidp.
Nam 2014, ca nufle da thu tien chi tra djeh vu mdi truflng rUng dupe trdn 1.000 ty dflng, trong dfl:
Quy Trung Uflng thu 845 ty ddng, vuot ke hoach thu nam 2013 (117,9%), cac Quy tinh thu dupe g i n 165 ty dong. Tdng didn tich rUng thupc doi tupng dupe chi tra tien djeh vu mpi truflng rffng la 4,1 tridu ha.
- Ldm nghidp la fnh vuc dau tien trong nganh Ndng nghiep hoan thidn De an tdi cfl eau Nganh, dfffle Bp NN&PTNT phe duyet tai Quydt djnh so 1565/QD-BNN-TCLN ngdy 08/7/2013. Vfli muc tidu cu the la: Nang cao gid tri gia tang san pham va djeh vu mdi trffflng rffng; tang gid tn s i n xua't binh quan hang nam 4 - 4,5%; tffng bffflc dap ffng nhu c i u gP, lam s i n cho tieu dung trong nuflo va xuat khau; gdp p h i n tao vide lam, xda doi, g i i m ngheo, o i l thidn sinh ke, bao ve moi trffflng sinh thdi de phat trien ben vffng; cfl cau lai cac thanh phan kinh te trong lam nghidp theo hffflng cac td chffc cua nha nfffle trffc tiep q u i n ly khoang 50% long didn tieh rUng todn qud'c va tap trung sap xep lai cac odng ty lam nghiep, phat trien kinh te tu nhan, kinh te hpp tae; huy dpng va sff dung ngudn lue tPi chinh hpp ly, thu hut cac ngudn iuc ngoai ngan saeh nha nfffle; va phat tnen theo vung kinh te - sinh thai lam nghiep.
- Hop tac qud'c te ddi vfli nganh Lam nghiep tiep tuc phat trien c i chieu rpng va chieu sau.
Nganh Lam nghiep da hpp tao vdi 28 d i u mdi va to chffc lam nghiep quoc te, gdp p h i n nang cao vj the cua Viet Nam tren d i l n dan qud'c te, hop tac vfli ode nuflo cd chung duflng bien gifli dupe tang cuflng. Ngudn vdn ODA da gdp phan quan trpng thffc hien cac chi lieu phat trien Ngdnh.
Nhffng nam gan day. nhfl od nhffng o i l thidn trong cflng tdc quan ly nha nufle dd'i vfli nganh TAP CHI G I A O DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2(117)
NBHIEN cuu CHiNH THI-XAHBI
Lam nghidp md ITnh vuc Idm nghidp cfla ca nufle da cd nhffng bufle phat triln quan trpng nhu:
- Didn tich rffng khdng ngUng tang len: 5 ndm qua, binh qudn trong khoang 220.000 ha/nam.
Khoanh nudi tai sinh 460.000 ha/nam, trong dd khoang 50.000 ha thanh rffng/nam. Ap dung mpt sd gidng mfli, bffflc dau dp dung tien bd ky thuat trong tham canh rffng trdng, da tang sinh khdi rffng san xua't tff 7-8 m'/ha/nam len 12-15 m'/ha/nam, ca biet cfl noi flat 40 m^/ha/nam; dp che phu cua rUng tang tff 3 9 , 1 % nam 2011 len khoang 40,7% nam 2016.
- Toe dp tang trffflng gia trj san xua't lam nghidp binh quan giai doan 2011 - 2016 tang gap 1,5 lan so vfli giai doan 2006 - 2010, binh quan dat 4,6%/nam (nam 2011 dat 3,4%, nam 2012 dat 4,6%, nam 2013 dat 5,9%, nam 2014 dat 7,09%, nam 2015 dat 7,9%). San lupng gd khai thdc gd rffng trong tang gap hon 2,5 lan trong vdng 5 nam qua. Khai thao rffng Iff nhien
duoc q u i n ly chat che hfln theo hudng bdn vffng, san Iffpng khai thdc giam tU350 nghin m' ndm 2009, cdn 160 nghin m^ nam 2013, da dUng khai thac chinh tff nam 2014. Cdng nghiep e h l bien gd va Idm san phdt trien manh vfli nhieu thdnh phan kinh t l , s i n pham e h l b i l n da dang theo ydu cau thj trffflng. S i n pha'm dfl go Viet Nam da xua't vdo trdn 100 nfffle vd vung lanh tho, trong dfl, cac thj trffflng da phdt t r i l n ntiu My, EU, Nhat B i n , Han qude. Kim ngach xua't kha'u gd vd lam san ngodi go tang hfln 1,73 lan trong 4 nam, tff 5,5 ty USD nam 2013 Idn 7,23 ty USD nam 2016. Nganh Cdng nghidp e h l bien Idm san ngay cang thich ffng eo hidu qua vfli bien ddi thj trffflng va van hanh theo tin hidu thj truflng, giai quyet hdi hda edc rao can thuong mai qud'c td. Thu nhap dfli song cua ngffdi dan tUng bufle dupe tang len, cP hp thu nhap tff 150- 250 tridu ddng/ha rUng trdng sau 6 den 10 nam, nen cd the lam giau tff trdng rUng.
Bang 1. Tong hop cac chi sd phat trien cda Nganh thfli ky 2013-2016 Chi SO
1 Toe do tang GTSX nganh LN 2. Gia tri san xua't tam nghiep 3 Ty trong GTSX lam nghiep trong gia tri san xua't nong iam thOy san 4. Kim ngach xuat khiu lam san
Don vi tlnh
%
Nghin ty dong
%
TyUSD
Nam 2013 6.04 22.4 2,9
5,5
Nam 2014 7.09
23,9 3,9
6.2
Nam 2015 7,92
25,1 4,7
7.17
Nam 2016 8,3
26,6
5,1
7,23 Nguon: Tong cue Thong ke
* Nhffng tdn tai, yeu kem
He thdng chinh sdeh lam nghiep thidu dong bp, chua phil hpp vfli chu truong xa hpi hod nghe rUng va co chd thj truflng. Chua bd sung kjp thfli nhffng co che, chinh saeh mfli dau tu cho phat then rUng san xuat, che bien gd va lam s i n ngoai gd de tao ddng luc thuc day cac thanh phan kinh te nhat iP khu vuc hp gia dinh. cdng dong va tff
nhan tham gia phat trien nghe rffng; He thdng td chffc quan ly chua thdng nhat. cdn phdn tan, chia c i t . Sd lupng, nang luc va trinh dp cua dpi ngu can bp q u i n ly. can bp khoa hpc ky thuat... chua dap Ung yeu cau khi bufle vao co chd thj truOng va hdi nhdp qud'c te. Do dd dan den nhffng tdn tai, yeu kem trong phat trien ngdnh Ldm nghiep nhu: Dien tich rUng tuy co tang nhung chat luong
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TAP C H I GIAO DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2017)NEHliN cuu CHINH TBI-XAHBI
vd tinh da dang sinh hpc rffng tu nhidn nhilu nfli vin filp tuc bj suy giam. Tlnh trang pha rffng tff nhien trai phap luat d l lay dat; sd dung dat Idm nghiep sal muc dich didn ra d nhieu nfli. Tang truflng cfla ngdnh Ldm nghidp cdn thap vd phua bin vffng. Tac dpng cfla nganh Lam nghidp ddi vfli xpd dpi, giam nghdo cdn han ehl, chffa tao ra dffoc nhieu viec lam; thu nhap cua ngufli lam nghd orng thap vd chua dn djnh, da s l ngufli ddn mien nffi chua thi sing dupe bdng nghe rffng, ddi sing cua can bd, cdng nhan vidn lam nghidp cPn rat khd khan...
2. ilAflt so giai phip gflp phan hoan thien cong tic quan ly cfla Nhi nUdc dfli vdi phat trien nganh Lam nghiep
Thff nhat, ve chinh saeh
Sffa dii vd hodn thien chinh saeh giao, eho thue rffng vd dat lam nghiep nham tao ddng lire d l khuyen khich edc thanh phan kinh t l tham gia bao vd, phat trien, kinh doanh lam sin vd dim bao loi ich thoa dang cho edc chu rffng.
D l thu hut, hap din oac nha dau tff, dac biet dau tu nufle ngoai, cin xay dung mpi truong dau tff minh bach va dn djnh, bao dam quyen sfl hffu Idm nghidp rd rang, quyen sff dung dat, sd dung va sfl hffu rffng lau dai, cung cap cac thong tin chinh xdc ve co hdi diu tu va tai nguyen rffng, don giin hod cde thu tuc thanh lap doanh nghiep.
Cd chinh saeh hffflng dau tu cua Nha nufle tU dau tu true tiep sang dau tu gian tiep (ca sfl ha tang, gidng, khoa hpc cong nghe...), tao thuan loi cho doanh nghiep tu nhdn dau tu sin xua't va chd bien lam sin.
Xue tien xdy dung vd thffc hien co che, chinh saeh kinh td bio dim thu lai cde gia tri dich vu mdi trffflng do nganh Lam nghiep lam ra va dang eung cap cho xa hdi nhff: Phong hd tao ngudn nufle cho cac cdng trinh thuy dien, thuy loi, phpng hd ven bien. bao ve mdi truflng dd thi, du Ijeh sinh thai, du Ijeh van hoa, du lich nghi duflng... Ddi vfli cac td ohffc. ca nhan dupe huflng Ipi tff djeh vu mPi trffflng cua nganh Lam nghiep phai co nghTa vu tri tien, tao ngudn tai chinh de tai dau tu cho
ngdnh Ldm nghidp cfl du cO sfl phat triln can bang bdn vffng. Nhu vay, ydu ciu xdy dung mdt CO ehl, ehlnh sdeh lam nghidp trong thfli ky mfli Id phai bao dam de nganh Ldm nghidp cd thi "lay rffng nudi rffng", vupt ra ngodi su bao cap cfla Nhd nufle.
Thff hai, ve huy dong von
Day manh co phan hda cde doanh nghiep Idm nghidp nha nufle (Nha nfffle khPng giff co phan chi phoi); phat trien cac hinh thffc lien doanh lidn kit giffa cde cdng ty nhd nfffle vfli cac doanh nghiep tff nhan va cpng ddng trong trdng, bao ve rffng vd che bien lam sin; phat trien kinh t l hop tac trong lam nghiep.
Doi mfli Idm trffflng quoc doanh, sip xIp lai cac dpn vj dang hoat ddng cd bleu qui thanh cac cdng ty lam nghiep nha nuflo quy mfl vffa va Ifln, sin xua't kinh doanh da dang, gin v(5l cflng nghiep ehl biln va thffong mai lam san d nhffng vung ed dien tich dat lam nghiep tap trung de lam hat nhan cho phdt triln Nganh; tiln tfli c l phan hod, tu chu vd tdi ehlnh, thue hien sin xuat, kinh doanh tdng hpp theo phap luat. Nha nufle cap kinh phi de hoan thanh cac thu tue giao hoac eho thue rffng va dat lam nghiep, hd trp ddo tao nang cao nang luc cho dpi ngu can bd, nhan vien; cap kinh phi kiem ke rffng vd xay dffng phffong an dieu che rffng cho chu ky diu.
Chu trpng phat triln hinh thffc sin xua't lam nghiep hp gia dinh, trang trai, cdng ddng dan ou thon va hpp tdc xa. Odi vfli cac hd gia dinh mien nui, Nha nufle ho trp tai chinh d l thuc hidn chuyen doi co cdu cay trdng theo huflng ndng ldm ket hpp nham han che tha'p nhat canh tae nfftmg ray.
Cd CP che ffu tidn oho edc hp nghdo, dan tpc it ngufli va phu nff tham gia cac boat dpng trdng rffng cong nghiep tap trung vd che bien ldm san quy md nhd cua eae doanh nghiep, trang trai lam nghiep de tao thdm viec lam va tang thu nhap.
Khuyen khich khu vuc tu nhan va phi chinh phu tham gia vao cac hoat ddng nghien cffu, dao tao va khuyen lam bing hinh thffc da'u thau cong khai.
TAP CHI G I A O D u e LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/20171
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NBHIEN CliU CHlNH TBI-XAHBI
Co chinh sdeh khuyen khich mpi thanh phan kinh te, dac bidt la tff nhan trong va ngoai nufle d i u tff vdo kinh doanh rffng va e h l b i l n lam san.
Midn t h u l sff dung dat lam nghiep eho cde doanh nghiep, hd gia dinh, ca nhdn san xua't Idm nghidp trong chu ky dau; midn giam thud cho doanh nghidp chd b i l n lam san mfli xdy dung hoac doi mfli cong nghd; dfln gian hod cac thfl tuc khai thac, luu thdng thffong mai lam san.
Thff ba, ve dao tao ngudn nhan Iffc Xdy dung vd thuc hidn chien lupc dao tao va ndng eao trinh dp nang luc cho can bp Idm nghiep cac cap, dac biet Id fl cap xa. Coi trpng ddo tao con em dan tpc thieu sd va dao tao lien thdng can bd ldm nghiep fl cae vung sdu, vung xa. Chu trpng edc boat dpng dao tao va khuyen lam cho ngudi nghdo. Nang cao nang luc cua cde can bp q u i n iy, cde doanh nghiep, cdng dong, hp gia dinh lam nghe rffng va che bien Idm san thdng qua dao tao n g i n han va khuyen lam, d l hp CO the tffng bffflo tu xay dung, thue hien va giam sat ke hoaoh s i n xuat cua minh. Nang cao nang luc, CO so vat chat ky thuat oho cde don v\
dao tao lam nghiep.
Xay dung de an doi mfli loan dien he thong gido due, dao tao lam nghiep ca ve co cau, ehuong trinh, npi dung, phuong phdp giang day va Cfl che quan ly de nang cao chat iupng dao tao Phan dau den nam 2020 se cd 1 - 2 vien nghien odu ve lam nghiep, truflng lam nghiep dat chuan muc qude te. Xay dung cae chffong trinh dao tao ngan ban theo ohuyen de, uu tien dao tao npng dan, cdng nhan lam nghiep va tho thfl cdng trong cac idng nghe. Khuyen khich cac td chffc dao tao va khuyen iam. td ohffc phi chinh phu va du an qude te tham gia hd trp eao boat dong dao tao va khuyen lam.
Quy hoach, dao tao eao nha khoa hoc va can bp giang day ohuyen sau trong cac ITnh vue lam nghiep, ohu y ITnh vuc kinh te va tao dieu kien thuan ipi cho cac nha khoa hpc tre tham gia nghien cffu va giang day. Phat trien cae ioai hinh dao tao t u xa de dap ffng nhu cau hpc tap, nghien
cffu ngay edng tang. Sflm dua gido due moi truflng rUng v i o cde ehuong trinh giang day cOa cac truflng hpc trong c i nfffle.
ThU tu, ve hgp tac quoc te
Tang effflng hdi nhap kinh t l q u I c t l vd Inh vffc Idm nghidp khi Viet Nam da Id thanh vien cua Td chffc Thffong mai the gifli (WTO) thdng qua vide tham gia tich circ va hpp tdc chat che vfli cac t l chffc lam nghiep qud'c t l , khu vuc va song phupng.
Tang cuflng van dflng, thu hut va sff dung dung muc tieu nguon vfl'n ODA nham phue vu eho b i o ve va phdt trien rffng, bao tfln da dang sinh hpc, b i o vd mdi trffflng, xoa ddi, giam nghdo, cai thidn sinh ke cho ngfffli dan sdng phu thupc vao rffng vd ndng eao hieu q u i q u i n ly nganh Im nghiep. Cai thien cac phuang thUe quan ly ODA Irong Nganh, day manh giai ngan cde du an ODA, quan ly vd s d dung hieu qua ngudn vdn cua Ouy fly thac lam nghiep (TFF) vd Quy B i o ton Viet Nam (VCF). Thd nghiem vd nhan rdng cacli t i l p can mfli (tilp can theo nganh, theo ehuong trinh) n h i m mue dich s d dung cae ngudn vdn qud'c te cd hieu qua hon.
Tffng bufle tao hanh lang phap ly thuan Ipi va o i l thidn mdi truflng dau tu de thu hut nguIn vdn dau t u true tid'p FDI tff cac nha dau Iff nudc ngoai dac biet trong linh vuc trdng rffng nguyen iieu odng nghiep, che bien lam s i n va chuyen giao cOng nghe.
Cung cd va day manh cac hoat ddng cua Chupng trinh hfl trp nganh Lam nghiep (FSSP) va Ban dieu hanh ddi tdc de dieu phdi oac ngudn tai trp qud'c te hp trp thuc hien eae chuflng trinh cua Chien Iffpc phdt then lam nghiep.
Chu dpng hpp tac tich cue vfli cac qude gia.
eae vien, truflng tien tidn trong khu vue va tren the gifli trong ITnh vuc nghien cdu, giao due.
dao tao va khuyen lam de nhanh chong tiep can cac chua'n muc khoa hpc va epng nghe iam nghiep tien tien trong khu vuc va tren the gifli, phat trien ngudn nhan luc va nang cap trang thiet bi cho Ngdnh.
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TAP C H I GIAO DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2017)Tiep tue thuc hien cae thoa thuan da phuong vd mdi trffflng, cac cam ket qude t l lidn quan ddn ldm nghiep ma Vidt Nam tham gia nhff Cong ufle v l buon ban qud'c te ddng vat hoang da (CITES), Cdng ufle vd da dang sinh hpe (UNCBD), Cdng ufle ve chdng sa mac hoa (UNCCD), COng ufle khung Lidn hpp quo'c vd bidn dd'i khi hau (UNFCCC)... d l nang eao vj t h i cfla Viet Nam trdn the gifli vd trong khu vuc vd tranh thu tim kiem cac nguon vdn hfl tro mfli nhu Quy Mdi truflng loan eau (GEF), Co chd phdt trien saeh (CDM)....
Thff nam, ve khoa hoc cong nghe Xay dung thuc hidn Chien lupc nghidn cdu lam nghidp d i n nam 2020, tap trung vao nhffng nghien effu cd tinh dot phd trong Nganh nhff cflng nghd sinh hpc, cdng nghe tinh che lam s i n iigoai gd, trdng rffng cao san, cai tao rffng t u nhidn ngheo kiet, chuyen hoa va sff dung hieu qua dat nuong rdy, xac djnh gid trj mfli truflng rUng, giai phap ndng ldm ket hpp vP cac CO che chinh saeh tao dpng luc thu hut cac thanh p h i n kinh te va ngufli dan tham gia s i n xuat, iam giau tff nghe rffng.
Tang effflng dp dung cdng nghd vd thiet bj hien dai trong chd bien lam s i n , coi d i u t u nudc ngoai nhu la mpt kenh ohuyen giao cdng nghe mfli. Khuyen khich dp dung cdng nghe tien tien than thien vfli mdi truflng. tiet kiem nguyen lieu, sff dung gd va vat lieu phe thai ndng nghiep trong che bien lam san. Khuyen khich nghien cffu, sff dung cdo vat lieu mfli thay the gO, cui nham giam sffe dp vao rUng.
Thanh lap td chUc khuyen iam tff Trung uong den cao tinh. huyen cd nhieu rffng true thupc he thdng khuyen npng cac cap. Cde xa nhieu rffng.
od odn bp khuyen lam chuyen trach hoac ban ohuyen trach. ffu tien sff dung can bp khuyen lam la dan tdc it ngufli fl cac vung sau. vung xa.
Nhanh chong xay dung id ohffc khuyen lam tu nguyen xa va thdn, b i n . dac biet fl cdo vung sau, vung xa. noi ma he thdng khuyen ndng cua Nha nfffle khd tiep can. Nha nufle co nhung hd tro can thiet cho cac td chffc khuyen iam tu nguyen;
x a y dung he thdng tidu chuan qude gia vd quan ly rffng ben vffng, chufli hanh trinh san phi'm. Xay dung bd Ueu chuan quoc gia cho cac s i n pham gS va lam san ngoai g d , dap ffng nhffng ydu cau cho cac thi truflng xua't khau chinh.
ThU sau, ve thi trffdng
Xay dung chinh saeh va chien lupc thj truflng lam san. Day manh boat dflng tid'p thj, nghidn cdu tim hieu thi truflng va thj hidu ngufli tidu dung d l san xua't nhffng s i n pham thich hpp nham c h i l m linh thj truflng va thu Ipi nhuan cao. Nghien cffu de dffa ra ode ohinh saeh tieu thu san pha'm eho ngufli dan, chu trpng san pha'm tU rffng trdng. Ra soat va xoa bd cac thu tuc phien ha can trfl vide tieu thu s i n pham tU rffng trong. K h u y i n khich che bien va xua't kha'u s i n phd'm tff rffng trdng da qua che bien.
Tiep tuc day manh boat dpng xue tien thffong mai, phdt trien thj trffflng s i n phdm lam nghidp;
thffe hien dd'i mfli trong quan ly Iffu thflng hang hda lam san d i m bao ngudn gdc hpp phap, khuyen khloh mpi thanh p h i n kinh te tham gia thj trffflng, tao mdi trudng canh tranh ianh manh va d i m b i o hai hda Ipi Ich cua ngufli san xua't va ngufli tieu dung, tao dpng luc thj truflng, thuc dd'y s i n xua't lam nghiep trong nufle phdt trien.®
Tdi lieu tham khdo
1. Bo Ndng nghiep vd Phdi trien ndng than (2014), Bdo cdo phdt trien ngdnh Ldm nghiep ndm 2014, Hpi nghi thudng nien FSSP ngdy 2IIII20IS
2. Chinh phd (2007), Chien luge phdt trien Idm nghiep Viet Nam giai doan 2006 - 2020, Ban lidnh kem theo ciityet dinh so 18I2007IQD - Tig ngdy 05/3/2007 eda Thii tudng Chinh phii
3. Chinh phu (2015), Nghi dinh 75/2015/ND- CP iigdY 9/9/2015 ve ca ehe, cliinh sdeh bdo ve vd phdt trim rinig, gdn vtji ehinh sdeh gidm ngheo nhanh, hdn vdng vd lid tra dong ixio ddn toe thieu sd giai doan 2015 - 2020, Thu tudng Chinh phu
5 Ttnh hinh kinh ti''- .xd hpi ndm 2015, Tring cue Thong he
TAP CHI G I A O DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2017)
