HIEU QUA Bl/QfC DAU U'NG DUNG CHE PHAM SINH HOC HATIMIC XU* LY MUI HOI CHUONG TRAI CHAN NUOI
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ien nay tgi Ha TTnh, phong trao nudi lpn hudng ngc, gia sue theo hudng hang hod dang phat triln, da cd rat nhieu hd dau tu chan nuoi gia sue, gia cam quy md Idn, dua Igi thu nhap cao. Tuy nhien van d l d nhiem moi trUdng, dac biet la mui hdi td chudng trgi chan nudi da anh hudng khong nhd d i n sdc khoe, ddi sdng cua ban than chu hp chan nudi va cac hp lan can.Mui hdi phat sinh td chudng trai chan nuoi la hon hpp khi dupe tgo ra bdi qua trinh phan huy ky khf va hieu khf eua cac chat thai, qua trinh thdi rda cac chat hdu cP trong phan, nUdc tieu eua vat nudi hoac thdc an dU thda sinh ra cac khi ddc hgi cac khf cd mui hdi khd ehju. Cudng dp cua mui hdi phg thupc vao dieu kien mat dp vat nudi, sg thdng thoang, nhiet dp va am dp khong khi.
Thanh phan cac khi trong chudng nuoi bien ddi tuy theo giai dogn phan huy chat hUU cd, tuy theo thanh phan cua thdc an, he thdng vi sinh vat va tinh trang sdc khoe cija vat nudi. Cac khi cd mat thudng xuyen va gay d nhiem chinh, cac khi nay cd t h i gay hgi den sdc khoe con ngudi va vdt nudi nhu NH3, H2S vd CH4 md ngudi ta thudng quan tdm den.
Khi NHr
ThS Trung
vd HoS dUde hinh thdnh chu yeu trong qua trinh thdi rda cua phan do cac vi sinh vat gay thdi, ngodi ra NH3 edn dupc hinh thanh td su phan giai ure (dgm) cua nudc tilu.
Theo mdt sd tdi lieu khoa hpc thi cd cha't cua qua trinh thdi rda protein trong phan, d l phan giai dupe protein thi cac.vi sinh vat phai tilt ra men protease ngoai bao, phan giai protein thanh polypeptid, olygopeptid, Cac cha't nay tilp tgc dupc phan giai thanh cae acid amin, mpt phan acid amin nay dupc vi sinh vat sd dgng trong qua trinh sinh tdng hpp protein cua chung, mpt phan khac dUpc tilp tgc phan giai theo nhdng con dudng khac nhau, ThUdng la khd amin, khd earboxyl. Qua qua trinh nay NH3 va H2S cdn cd mpt sd khi trung gian dUpc hinh thanh gdp phan vdo viec tgo mui hdi chudng, trai chan nudi,
Tac hai cua khi thai chan nudi khdng nhOng anh hudng trgc tilp d i n sdc khoe gia sue ma cdn anh hudng trgc tiep d i n sdc khoe cua ngUdi chan nudi. Tgo mui hdi khd ehju, gay nen nhdng de e h l tam ly va gia tang cang thing, ga^rien ho, dau hpng, chay mDi, dau mat, nhdc dau, tdc nggc...
Xua't phat td thgc tiln dd, dupe sg dau tu cua Bp Khoa hpc &
Cdng nghe va Sd KHCN Hd TTnh thdng qua dU dn
"Qng dgng cdng nghe sinh hpc san xua't cdc e h l pham vi sinh phgc vg phdt triln kinh t l ndng nghiep ndng thdn Ha TTnh", Trung tam Ling Dgng tiln bp khoa hpc Cdng
. TRAN HAU KHANH tdm llDTBKHCN Hd Tinh
nghe hdp tdc vdi Cong.ty cd phan cdng nghe vi sinh vd moi trudng nghien cdu san xua't thanh cdng e h l pham vi sinh xd ly mui hdi chudng trgi chan nudi hieu "HATI- MIC".
Day la logi e h l pham sinh hpc sd dgng cac chung vi sinh vat hdu ich ed kha nang phan giai nhanh cac cha't thai hOu cd, chuyin hoa H2S; NH3... ed kha nang sinhchat deche mui hdi, cha't khang sinh lam giam mui hoi thdi va tieu diet cac vi trung cd hai td chudng trgi chan nudi.
Che pham cd dgng Idng hoac dgng bdt mdu vdng nau, mui thdm, trong 1 gam che pham ed 10 6-8 CPU vi sinh vat tdng sd, gdm cac chung: Bacillus subtilis;
Bacillus lichenfomic; Lactobacillus sp; Saccharomyces cerevisiea.
Hatimic la logi che pham trung tinh, an toan khdng dpc hai ddi vdi ngUdi, gia sue va mdi trudng, cd tae dgng:
- Phan giai nhanh chat hDu cd trong nude thai.
-Thuc day nhanh qua trinh lam sgch nude thai.
- Lam giam tdi da mui hdi thdi cua chat thai hdu cd.
- Diet mam benh sinh vat ed hgi trong chat thai.
- Phan giai nhanh phe thai ndng nghiep, mun ba hOu cd, phan bac vd phdn chudng lam phan bdn hdu cd vi sinh.
Cdng thdc pha che pham xd ly mui hdi chudng trgi chan nudi:
- Nude sgch: 100 1ft - Che pha'm djch gde: 5 1ft - Rl dudng: 5 kg (hoac 3-5kg dudng den, dUdng dd, mat)
- Hda rl dUdng hoac dUdng den, dudng dd, dUdng phen, mdt
(Xem tiep trang 14)
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s o KHOfl HOC & CONG NGH€ Hfl TINHmUc dp cd "uy tin" cua cac chu tri de tai, du an?
De tra Idi cho cau hdi tren tdi d l xua't hang nam can xay dung
"Chi sd tin nhiem" cho cac ca nhan, td chdc chu tri de tai du an. Chung ta cd t h i phac thao sd qua ehl sd nay bao gdm:
(1)- Danh gia dga tren k i t qua nghiem thu cua Hpl ddng Nghiem thu: Sd dilm dgt dupe do Hoi ddng nghiem thu cham;
(2)- Danh gia cua can bp trgc t i l p theo doi, quan ly de tai, dg an ve qua trinh triln khai thuc hien de tai, dg an: Ve tinh chuyen nghiep, khoa hpc, tinh hpp tac cua ca nhan, ddn vj chu tri; Ve tien dp triln khai; Ve noi dung va ket qua dgt dUpc.
(3)- Danh gia ve hd sP tai chinh cua cac ddn vj lien quan: Ve dp chinh xac, day du, tien dp thdi gian giao nop hd sP de hoan thien cac thu tgc thanh, quyet toan;
(4)- Danh gia cua cac ddn vj, ca nhan tgi dja ban triln khai de tai, dg an; hoac cac ddn vj, ca nhan dUpc thg hudng nhOng thanh qua td k i t qua trien khai de tai, dg an ndi tren: Ve mdc dp hieu qua cua d l tai, dg an mang lai; Ve qua trinh triln khai thgc hien eua ddn vj chu tri cd "hpp"
Idng dan hay khdng? Ve kha
HIEU QUA...
(Tiep theo trang 19) vao can hoac thung chda nude.
Sau dd eho che pham gde vao, khuay tan dIu, day kin (van nap va day ky), de ndi khd mat, td 3 ngay trd len la dung dUpc. Dd'i vdi e h l pham dgng bdt ta lam nhu sau: Hoa mdt gdi che pham (200g) vao 20 lit nude bd sung 0,5-1 kg rl dUdng (hoac dUdng den, dudng phen), day kfn de 3 ngay trd len la dung dUpc.
- Phun che pham da pha vao mpi ndi trong khu chudng trgi hoac khu san xua't va mUdng thoat, phun deu d ndi d nhiem nhu cdng ranh, Cd 2 ngay phun
nang then khai nhan rong va phat trien trong thUe te.
Cac budc danh gia nen tie'n hanh theo phUdng phap phat phieu dieu tra. Phieu dilu tra nen chia thanh cac thang dilm td thap d i n cao mpt each hpp ly d l lUpng hda cac yeu td mang tfnh djnh tfnh. Sau dd, xay dgng mpt cong thdc tfnh chung cho tat ca cac chu tri de tai, dg an dUpc dieu tra dga tren 4 bien sd da tdng hpp dUpc ((1), (2), (3), (4)) ( vfdg Chlsdtfn nhiem = ((1)x2+ (2) +(3) + (4))/5)
Sau khi xac djnh dUpc "ehi sd tfn nhiem" cua tat ca cac ca nhan, td chdc chu tri de tai dg an, cd quan quan ly KHCN d dja phUdng se tien hanh x i p loai va cong bd rong rai tren cac phUdng tien thdng tin dgi chung. Sd Khoa hpc va Cong nghe se trao bang khen va giai thudng cho cac don vj ed
"ehl so tfn nhiem" cao nham khuyen khich hp phan dau hoan thanh tdt cdng tac triln khai thgc hien cac nhiem vg KHCN. Ddng thdi, qua trinh tuyen chpn td chdc va ca nhan chu tri de tai, du an khoa hpc va cong nghe cua cac nam tiep theo nen lay "Chi sd tin nhiem" lam mdt trong nhOng can cd xet chpn; hgn c h i viec giao nhiem vg chu tri de tai, dg an cho cac ca nhan, ddn vj cd "chi sd tfn nhiem" qua thap.
mdt lan, dinh mde phun: 1 Iit/m2 Qua theo ddi thUe te bang cam quan eung vdi sg phan hdi cua cae hd tham gia khao nghiem, dac biet qua ket qua phan tfch cua Trung tam quan trac mdi trudng; Che pham xd ly mui hdi chudng trai chan nuoi HATIMIC bude dau cd k i t qua tdt, ham lupng cac khf nhu NH3 va H2S giam rd ret va mdc dp mui hdi trong chudng trgi chan nudi giam han sau khi phun che pham HATIMIC td 2 - 3 ngay;
Ngoai viec mde dp mui hdi chudng trgi giam rd ret thi che pham HATIMIC khdng nhdng khdng anh hudng den he thd'ng
2. Tich ct/c trien khai sd hda thdng tin de tai, di/ an:
Qng dgng CNTT xay dgng cd sd dO lieu noi dung cac de tai, dg an va thdng tin cac ea nhan, ddn vi chu tri gdp phan nang cao hieu suat khai thae va tien Ipi cho cong tac luu trO, bao quan. Ngoai ra, khi can thiet ed quan quan ly cd the tim hilu nhanh ve ly Ijch cung nhu Ijch sd nghien cdu, trien khai cac dg an, de tai cua tdng ca nhan, ddn vj chu tri phgc vg cho cong tae quan ly, khdng chi ddn thuan dga hoan toan sd lieu tren hd sd do hp cung cap.
NgUdi XUa ed cau "chpn mat gdi vang", y mudn nhan mgnh cac tai san vat chat quy, hay cac nhiem vg quan trpng can Iga chpn ngUdi cd uy tin, trach nhiem d l gdi gam hay giao phd. Nguon ngan saeh nha nudc dau tu cho hogt ddng KHCN cung vay, chung ta phai cd trach nhiem quan ly tdt, phai chpn dupe "mat" dang tin tudng de giao phd. Cd nhU vay hogt ddng KHCN mdi phat huy la nen tang vdng chac, la dpng lge cho qua trinh phat trien ben vOng cua dat nudc.
N.V.C Trich d i n :
(*): http://vietnamnet,vn/thegioi/nhan vat/2006/10/622254/
ham khf Bogas ma cdn lam cho lupng khf trong ham Biogas dUpc tang len dang ke. Mdi trudng dupe cai thien rd rpt. Lpn phat trien tdt, trong thdi gian sd dung che pham den nay khdng cd con nao bj benh hoac bd an.
Qua k i t qua bUdc dau cija md hinh, chung tdi mgnh dan khuyen nghi eae hd chan nudi qui md Idn nen dau tu sd dgng che pham xd ly mui hdi HATIMIC thudng xuyen nham cai thipn sg d nhiem mdi trudng, nang cao chat lupng cupc sdng cho moi ngUdi dan, hudng tdi cupc sdng ben-vdng./.
( n 4 ) so KHOfl HOC SI CONG NGH€ HA TINH
