NANG CAO HIEU QUA DAY - HOC CAC MON LY LUAN CHINH TRI VA P H A P L U A T 6- TRU-QNG DAI HOC H A I PHONG HIEN NAY
Phjm Thi Huyk Khoa Ly luan Chinh tri Email: [email protected] Ngdy nhSn bdi: 19/8/2019
NgdyPB ddnh gid: 19/9/2019 Ngdy duyet ddng: 27/9/2019
TOM TAT: Trong trucmg d^i hoc, cao ding, cac mon Ly luan chinh lii va Phap luSt co vai tro quan trpng.
No giup ngutri hgc xay dung thg gioi quan, phuong phap luan khoa hoc, nang cao h-inh d6 tu duy ly luan, ban lihh chmh tri va y thiic phap luat cho thg he tre. Trong thoi gian vtia qua, Trucmg Dgi hoc Hai Phong da thirc hif n tot cong tac giang dgy cac mon hoc nay cho sinh vien, song vin con nhtmg ban chg. Do v|y can tiep tyc n ^ g cao hieu qua dgy - hoc, ddp img ygu cau dao tao ciia Nha trudng trong giai doan moi.
Ttr khoa: hieu qud defy- hoc, day- hoc cdc mon Ly ludn chinh tri vd Phdp Imt. TnnMsDai hoc Hdi Phons IMPROVE THE EFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING AND STUDYING POLITICAL
REASONING AND LAW AT HAI PHONG UNIVERSITY NOWADAYS ABSTRACT: At Universities, Colleges, the political reasoning and law play important roles. It helps students to have a conception of the world and sciencetifically way to reason, improve the level of reflectmg, political bravery and the sense of law for the new generation. Lately, Hai Phong University has done the teaching works of these subjects for students well, however, theare are still some backwards. So that nowadays, the effectiveness of teaching and studying political reasoning and law needs to be improved more, satisfy the training needs of Hai Phong University in the new situation.
Key words; the effectiveness of teaching and studying, teaching and studying political reasoning and law, Rai Phong University.
1. DAT VAN BE phim chit dao due each mang va y thirc Trong trucmg dai hoc, cao dSng, cac P^^P l™t cho thS he tre.
m6n Ly luan chinh tri va Pliap luat co vai Trong thoi gian vira qua, Trucmg tro quan trpng. Cac mon hoc nay trang bi B?' hoc Hai Phong da thuc hien tot cong cho nguoi hpc tri thiic ly luan ciia khoa 'ac giang day cac mon Ly luan chmh tri va hpc Mac - Lenin, tu tuong H6 Chi Minh, Phap luat eho cae bac hpc va eac he dao lich su Dang Cong san Viet Nam va kiSn tao eua Nha trucmg. Tuy nhien trong boi thiic phap luat mpt each co hS th6ng, qua canh Men nay, viec day - hpe cac mon Ly ii> giip nguoi hpc xay dung thS gidi quan, 1"™ "hinh tri va Phap luat can co nhieu phuong phap luan khoa hpc, nang eao ddi moi, dap ling yeu ciu dao tao trong ttinh dp tu duy ly lu?ln, ban linh chinh tri, 'inh hinh moi cua Nha trucmg.
TAP CHi KHOA HQC, S6 39, thang 3 nam 2020 77
2, N O I D U N G
2.1. Yai tro cua cac mon Ly luan chmh tri va Phap l u | t trong cac trvdug dai hoc
Gidng day cdc mdn Ly ludn chinh tri vd Phdp luat nhdm cung cdp thi gi&i quan, phuang phdp lugn khoa hgc vd ndng cao y thuc phdp ludt cho ngu&i hgc.
Trong cac tmdng dai hgc, cao dang, viec giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat gop phan quan trong doi vai nhiem vu giao due ly luan chinh tri, kien thiic phap luat cho sinh vien - dpi ngii tri thiic tuong lai cua dat nuoc, tir do giup nguai hoc hinh thanh the gioi quan, phuang phap luan khoa hpc, boi duong ly tuong each mang, long yeu nuoc, xay dung dao diic, loi song lanh manh, y thijc ton trpng va nghiem chinh chap hanh Hien phap va phap luat. Qua hpc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat, nguoi hpc CO CO so ly luan dinh hucmg cho cupc s6ng, nhan thiic dung dan thuc tien the gioi cung nhu tu nhan thiic ban than de tu do xac dinh ly tuong, he gia tri, loi song, nep song cua minh, y thiic phap luat cua minh. The gioi quan diing dan, khoa hpc la tien de de xac lap nhan sinh quan tich cue. Viec hpc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat con cung cap cho nguoi hpc ly luan ve phuang phap, he thong cac quan diem, cac nguyen tac chi dao con nguoi xay dung, lira chpn va van dung cac phuang phap trong nhan thiic va thuc tien nham giai quyet tot cac van de trong thuc tien, nang cao hieu qua hoat dpng thuc tien.
Cdc mdn Ly ludn chinh tri vd Phdp luat gdp phdn ddo tgo ngudn nhdn luc ddp img yiu cdu cua su nghiep cdng nghiep hda. hiin dgi hda
Trong cac tmong dai hpc, cao uai.B>
ben canh viec hpc tap kiln thiic chuyen mon, ky nang nghi nghiep thi viec trang bi cac mon Ly luan chmh tri va Phap luat cho nguai hpc da giiip nguai hpc co sir hiiu biit sau sac, d^y du, toan dien ve cac tri thiic ly luan va kiln thiic phap luat, nang cao trinh dp va nang luc tu duy ly luan khoa hpc, y thuc phap luat. Day la y i u t6 quan trpng d l nganh Giao due dao tao dupe ngudn nhan luc vua gioi chuyen mon, nghiep vu vira vung vang ve ISp tmong chinh tri, c6 phuang phap luan khoa hpc, co y thiic tuan thu phap luat, du nang luc xay dung va phat trien dat nuoc trong thoi ky d i y manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa va hpi nhap quoc te.
Cdc mon Ly lugn chinh tri vd Phdp luat giup sinh vien cd lap truong tu tu&ng kien dinh, bdn ITnh chinh tri vimg vdng, gdp phdn tich cue vdo su nghiep cdch mgng cua ddn tgc.
Trong b6i canh phat triSn ciia the gioi hien nay, ben canh nhiing mat tich cue thi mat trai cua kinh te thi tmong, cua toan cau hoa cung tac dpng manh me den moi quoc gia trong do co Viet Nam thi viec giao due chinh tri, tu tudng, ly tudng... cho thanh nien, sinh vien la npi dung cot yeu nham boi dap cho hp lap trudng tu tudng kien dinh, ban ITnh chinh tri viing vang, tmng thanh vdi muc tieu ly tudng each mang, con dudng di len chu nghia xa hpi va cong cupc doi mdi cua dat nude, gop p h i n tich cue vao su nghiep each mang ciia dan tpc.
Qua hpc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat giiip thanh nien, sinh vien co long tu hao dan tpc, tinh than tu ton dan tpc va tinh than quoc te diing din; biit dat Ipi ich cua quoc gia, dan tpc len tren, len tmdc het; neu cao tinh than trach nhiem cua tudi 78 TRirOfNG B^l HOC HAI PHONG
tre d6i vdi ban than, gia dinh, cong dong, va 3a hpi; luon cd y thiic ton trpng va nghiem chinh chip hanh Hiin phap va phap luat, nhu tinh thin dai hpi XII ciia Dang chi ra cin chii trpng giao due, ren luyen thanh nien vdi cac npi dung c6t loi: "nhan each, dao diic, tri tue, nang luc sang tao, the chat, tam h6n, trach nhiem xa hpi, nghia vu cong dan, y thiic tuan thu phap luat" [ 2].
2.2. Tinh hinh day - hoc cac mdn Ly luan chinh tri va phap luat & Trirdng D?i hoc Hai Phong hifn nay
Nhiing kit qud dgt du^c trong cong tac gidng day cdc mdn Ly lugn chinh trivd Phap luat & Trirdng Dgi hgc Hdi Phong:
- Nhd truong cd dgi ngii gidng viin Ly lugn chinh tri vd Phdp luat cd chuyen mon vimg vdng, nhiet huyet trong cdng tde gidng day vd cd tinh thdn trach nhiem cao v&i cong viec.
Trudng Dai hpc Hai Phong, t6 chiic tik than la Tmdng Tmng hpc Su pham va Tnrdng Cao dang Su pham Hai Phong dupe thanh lap vao nam 1959 den nay, trai qua 60 nam xay dung, tmdng thanh, Nha tru£mg da co budc phat trien nhanh ca ve quy mo va nang cao ve chat luong dao tao, gop phSn cung cap nguon nhan luc chat luong cao phuc vu su nghiep cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hda Thanh pho va dat nude.
Cong tac giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat d Tmdng Dai hoc Hai Phong do Khoa Ly luan Chinh tri dam nhi?m. Khoa Ly luan Chinh tri dupe thanh lap tir thang 9 nam 2006 tren co sd Td Ly luan Mac - Lenin cua Tmdng Dai hpc Hai phong. Hien nay, Khoa cd 23 can bp giang vien, trong do co 22 giang vien co trinh dp tu thac sT trd len (01 PGS, 07 tiin sT, 02 nghien ciiu sinh, 01 GV cao cap, 13 giang
vien chinh). Khoa true tilp phu trach dao tao, quan li sinh vien ma nganh Giao due chinh tri va dam nhiem viec giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri, Phap luat va dam nhiem nhiem vu giao due tu tudng, chinh tri, y thiic phap luat cho sinh vien trong toan tmdng. Nhieu nam qua, dpi ngii giang vien cua Khoa khong ngimg hpc tap, boi dudng nang cao trinh dp chuyen mon, nghiep vu, dap ling yeu cau dao tao cua Nha tmdng, xa hpi. Trong cong tac giang day va nghien ciru khoa hpc, cac can bp giang vien rat tam huyet vdi chuyen mdn, nhiet tinh, tra- ch nhiem trong tung bai giang; tich cue doi mdi phuang phap giang day, phuang phap kiem tra, danh gia dap ung yeu cau dao tao trong tinh hinh mdi. Cac giang vien luon c6 y ttiiic dinh hudng cho sinh vien van dung nhung tri thiic da hpc vao ly giai, giai quyet nhixng vin dl trong thuc tiin, lien he, van dung nhimg tri thiic do vao hoat dpng thuc tiin cua minh dl viec hpc trd nen thiet thuc, bo ich.
Tir do, kit qua hpc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat cua sinh vien Nha tmdng da dat duoc ket qua tich cue. Sinh vien t6t nghiep Tmdng Dai hpc Hai Phong dupe cac CO sd su dung nhan luc danh gia cao vl phim chit dao diic, nang luc cong tac, kha nang tu duy, tinh thin trach nhiem vdi cdng viec... ciing la co mot phan dong gop khong nho cua Khoa trong cong tac dao tao cua Nha tmdng.
Da so sinh vien Nhd trudng da nghiem tue hgc tap cdc mdn Ly ludn chinh tri vd Phdp luat vd dgt dugc nhung kit qud tich cue.
Nhan thiic ro vai tro cua viec day -
hpc cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap
luat trong trudng dai hpc, nhitng nam qua
Tmdng Dai hoc Hai Phong da luon quan
TAP CHI KHOA HOC, s6 39, thang 3 nam 202079
tam, chu trpng cong tac giao due chinh tri, tu tudng va hoat dpng giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat cho sinh vien nha tmdng. Da so sinh vien Nha tmdng CO y thiic tot trong hpc tap, trong do CO cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat. Qua hpc tap cac mon hpc nay, sinh vien duoc trang bi tri thiic ly luan va kien thiic phap luat, cd trinh dp va nang luc tu duy ly luan khoa hpc, co cac pham chat dao diic tdt dep dap ling yeu ciu nguon nhan luc cao cua Thanh pho va dat nude.
Diing nhu Tmng tam kiem dinh chat luong giao due thupc Hiep hpi cac tmdng
dai hoc, cao dang Viet Nam icni N ' ^ ' - — ' chit luong giao dye cua Nha trudng da danh gia: "Sinh vien cua Tmdng thuc hien nghiem tiic Quy chl dao tao va cac quy dinh cua Tmdng; hiiu biit phap luat va nghiem chmh chip hanh phap luat, chinh sach chu tmong ciia Dang va Nha nude"
[4]. Trong nhihig nam gin day, ket qua hpc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat cua sinh vien Nha tmdng da dugc cai thien dang k l : Tren 90% sinh vien dat tir diim D trd len ngay tir lin thi thii nhat, nhiiu sinh vien da hiing thii vdi mon hpc va thi dat ket qua cao.
Bang 1: K i t qua thi kit thiic hoc phan cac mon L^ luan chinh tri va Phap luat nam hpc 2017 - 2018
Dem vi tinh: %
Hoc phin
Nguyen ly ca ban cua CN Mac- Lenin 1 Nguyen Iy ca ban cua CN Mac- Lenin 2 Tu tuong H6 Chi Minh
Duong loi each mang ciia DCS Viet Nam Phap luat dai cuong
Digm A 6,4 2,0 0,8 2,0 1,1
S i l m B 24,9 21,45
19,3 14,7 13,9
S i i m C 22,4 28,6 31,7 31,0 35
DiemD 27,7 23,4 17,9 27,0 29,2
S i i m F 6,3 5,3 6,8 7,4 3,5 Ngudn: Tdng hgp tie kit qud thi tren hi thdng qudn ly ddo tgo cua Nhd truong
Bang 2: Ket qua thi l<et thuc hoc phan cac mon Ly luan chinh tri v^ Phap Iu?t nam hoc 2018 - 2019
Dem vi tinh: % Hoc phan
Nguyen ly ca ban ciia CN Mac- Lenin 1 Nguyen ly ca ban ciia CN Mac- Lenin 2 Tu tuong H6 Chi Minh
Duong loi each mang cua DCS Viet Nam Phap luat dai cuong
Diem A 3,3 2,0 1,0 16,2
1,2 D i l m B
14,4 21,2 21,6 24,5 12,6
DiemC 22 29,4 37,5 22,3 33,8
DiemD 12 10,6 18,0 11,2 28,8
DiemF 10,7
2,5 6,8 4,4 6,6 Nguon: Tong hgp tie kit qud thi trin he thdng qudn ly ddo tgo cua Nhd truang
TRlTCfNG » ^ I HOC HAI PHONG
Mot so hg.n che trong cong tac gidng dgy cdc mon Ly lugn chinh tri vd Phdp luat d Triedng Dgi hgc Hdi Phong
D6i ngQ giang vien cac mdn Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat luon nhan thiic dugc vi tri, vai tro cua cac mon hpc trong cung cip tri thiic, hinh thanh the gidi quan, y thuc phap luat cho sinh vien nen da khong ngimg n6 luc nang cao chat lugng giang day cdc mon hpc. Tuy nhien, trong thuc te hieu qua giang day cac mon Ly luan chnih tri va Phap luat chua cao, mgt bp phan sinh vien chua hiing thii vdi mon hoc. Tmh trang do do nhieu nguyen nhan:
- Kit cdu chuong trinh cdc mdn Ly ludn chinh tri vd Phdp luat gidng day trong thoi gian viea qua con bat \iqp ly
Nam 2008, Bg Giao due va Dao tao da ban hanh chuong trinh, giao trinh mdi cho cac mon Ly luan chinh tri vdi thdi luong giang day bi nit ngan so vdi chuong trinh tmdc do kha nhiiu. Viec tich hgp cac mon: Triet hgc Mac - Lenin, Kinh tl chinh hi Mac - Lenin va Chu nghia xa hoi khoa hgc thanh mon Nhiing nguyen ly CO han ciia chu nghTa Mac - Lenin khien cho cac giang vien phai giang day ca phin khong dugc dao tao chuyen sau. Vi vay, viec dam bao tmyen tai nhiing tri thiic ly luan mpt each chuan xac, diy dii da kho, caug kho hon de bai giang do hay, hip dan nguoi hpc.
Mat khac de bai giang cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat sau sic, cu6n hiit ngudi hpc, doi hoi cac giang vien khong chi vimg vang ve kien thiic chuyen mon ma con phai cd hiiu biit xa hpi dii fpng, phai thudng xuyen cap nhat nhiing bien doi ciia thuc te cupc song. Tuy nhien, nhieu nam nay, Bg Giao due va Dao tao
khdng td chiic tap huin cho toan thi dpi ngu giang vien giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri, con vdi d6i ngu giang vien giang day Phap luat rit it lin duoc tap huin nen neu giang vien khong tu hpc tap, tu bdi dudng se khong cap nhat dugc nhung tri thiic mdi, bai giang se khong dap ling, khong giai quyet dugc nhiing vin dl dang dat ra trong thuc tiin cupc s6ng.
- Ngi dung bdi gidng cdn nang vi kien thuc hdn Idm nen chua that su cudn hut nguai hgc
Npi dung giao trinh, bai giang cac mon Ly luan chinh tri con nang vl kiln thiic han lam nen chua that su hip din ngudi hpc. De bai giang cac mon hpc nay hay va hip din thi phuang phap giang day cua giang vien co vai tro rat quan trgng. Ngoai viec dam bao kien thiic bai giang sau sac, giang vien phai biit gin ly luan vdi thuc tien. Dam bao nguyen tac thdng nhit giiia ly luan va thuc tien trong day hpc noi chung, day hgc cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat noi rieng co vai tro dac biet quan trgng. Ho Chi Minh da viet: "Thong nhat ly luan vdi thuc tien la mgt trong nhimg nguyen tac co ban cua chii nghia Mac - Lenin. Thuc tien khong co ly luan hudng dan thi thanh thuc tien mil quang.
Ly luan ma khdng lien he vdi thuc tien la ly luan suong" [3]. Thdi gian vira qua, nguyen tac thong nhat giiia ly luan va thuc tien trong giang day, hgc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat d Tmdng Dai hpc Hai Phong da duac cac giang vien chii trpng. Trong giang day, cac thiy, co khong chi lam ro cac tri thiic khoa hpc ma con trinh bay dl cac tri thiic ly luan soi ro thuc tiin cugc s6ng, nim bit nhiing thay dii, nhiing vin dl dat ra trong thuc tien dua vao ngi dung bai giang 6.h bai giang sinh
TAP CHi KHOA HQC, S6 39, thang 3 nam 2020 81
dgng, phong phii, de hieu...Tuy nhien, viec van dung nguyen tic thdng nhat giiia ly luan va thuc rien trong day hgc cac mdn Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat con han che.
Mgt sd giang vien chua tich cue ddi mdi phuang phap giang day, giang day theo
"Idi mon", "xa ciing". Giang vien chua quan tam den cac van de mdi dang dat ra trong thuc tiin cupc song de lien le vdi bai giang nen bai giang con don dieu, te nhat... Ben canh do, do cac trang thiet bi trang bi cho cac phong hpc ciia Nha tmdng nhu may chieu, loa, mic... con rat han chl nen giang vien kho thuc hien doi mdi phuong phap giang day, kho ap dung cong nghe thong tin... nen bai giang kem sinh dgng, h i p din, thu hiit ngudi hpc...
- Y thuc tu hgc, tu nghien cieu cua nhiiu sinh vien cdn thdp nen hgn che khd ndng tiip thu
Kien thiic cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat tucmg doi kho, trim tugng va khai quat, sinh vien lai hpc cac mon nay d nam thii nhat, thii hai, do cac em vira tot nghiep bac THPT, kien thiic thuc te, nhirng trai nghiem cupc song ciia cac em con rat it. Ben canh do, nhiing nam hpc bac THPT hau nhu cac em chi chii tam vao cac mon thi, xet tuyen dai hpc, khong chu y tdi cac mon khoa hpc xa hpi (trir so it cac em thi khoi nay) nen hau het sinh vien thieu hut nen tang kien thiic lich sir, xa hpi. Mat khac, vdi dao tao tin chi hien nay, de ITnh hpi dugc kien thiic mon hgc doi sinh vien phai tu hpc rat nhiiu nhung kha nang tu hpc cua nhiiu sinh vien con kem. Cac em khong danh thdi gian thoa dang cho viec tu hpc, ngai dpc giao trinh, tai lieu tham khao, khong chiu dao sau suy nghi, thu dpng linh hpi tri thiic tif bai giang cua giang vien nen cac em cang thay 82 TRlTCfNG D^J HOC HAI PHONG
kho hiSu, kho Imh hpi kien mui; ^a^ ^ - - 1 Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat, hieu qua hpc tap thap.
2.3 M6t so khuyen nghi va bien p h a p nham nang cao hi6u qua day - hoc cac m6n Ly luSn chinh tri va Phap luat a Tnrdng Dai hoc Hai Phong hien nay 2.3.1. Mgt sd khuyin nghiddivdiBd Gido due va Bdo tgo vd Trudng Dgi hoc Hai Phdng
Ddi v&i Bo Gido due vd Ddo tgo: Tiep tue kien toan chuong trinh, giao trinh cac mdn cac mon Ly luan chinh tri, Phap luSt va dpi ngu giang vien giang day. De giang vien ly luan chinh tri thuc hien tdt cong tac giang day, hang nam Bg Giao due va Dao tao c i n td chiic tap huan cho toan the dpi ngii giang vien giang day cac m6n ly luan chinh tri de qua do giang vien bo sung, nang cao k i l n thuc chuyen mdn va cap nhat tmh hinh kinh te, chinh tri, xa hgi ciia dat nude va the gidi. Tir do, giang vien CO the gan nhiing ly luan trong bai giang vdi thuc tien de bai giang trd nen phong phii, sinh dpng, mang hoi thd cugc sdng. Cac dot tap huan con tao co hpi de cac giang vien Ly luan chinh tri ciia cac tmdng dai hpc, cao dang trao ddi chuyen mon, kinh nghiem giang day. Mat khac, qua cac dgt tap huan, cam nhan dugc su quan tam cua Dang, Nha nude ddi vdi dpi ngii giang vien giang day cac mdn Ly luan chinh tri con giiip cac giang vien them yeu nghe, them yeu bg mon minh dang giang day, ciing nhu nhan thiic dugc ro hon v l trach nhiem cua minh.
D6i vdi mon Phap luat giang day trong cac tmdng dai hpc, cao ding, Bp Giao due va Dao tao cung cin ban hanh chuong trinh, giao trinh thong nhit trong
toan quoc va thudng xuyen to chiic tap huin cho dpi ngu giang vien giang day Phap luat. Viec dua ndi dung phap luat phong chong tham nhiing vao mdn hgc Phap luat dai cuong theo Chi thi sd 10/
CT - TTg ngay 12/6/ 2013 cua Thii tudng Chinh phii va Cong van s6 5571- BGDDT -TTg ngay 13/8/2013 cua Bp Giao due va D^o tao Cling can duoc nghien ciiu, danh gia tong ket va rut kinh nghiem tu do co huong dan thong nhat ve cong tac giang day thong qua cac dgt tap huan cho dgi ngii giang viSn.
Ngoai ra, Bg Giao due va Dao tao cin CO chinh sach de hang nam giang vien Ly luan chinh tri, giang vien Phap luat dugc di thuc t l d l qua do tang them kiln thiic thuc tien phuc vu cho cong tac giang day.
Doi v&i Trudng D^i hgc Hdi Phong V6i miic tieu "trd thanh tmng tam Giao due - Dao tao, nghien ciiu khoa hgc va chuyen giao cong nghe viing manh viing duyen hai Bac bg", Tmdng Dai hgc Hai Phong da chuyen manh dao tao theo hucmg ling dung, dap ling nhu cau xa hpi.
Nha hudng sap budc vao giai doan tu chii nen nang cao chit lugng dao tao, thu hiit duoc smh vien, dap ling yeu cau ciia ngudi sir dimg lao dpng la van de s6ng con vdi Nha hirdng. Do vay, trong boi canh hien nay, nang cao chat lugng day va hgc la yeu cau cap thiet dat ra cho Nha tmdng, dac biet la cho ITnh vuc dao tao. N h i m nang cao hieu qua day - hgc, gop phan nang cao chit lugng dao tao ciia Nha tmdng, giang vien giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat cin Nha tmdng d i u tu nhieu hon cac trang thiit bi phuc vu cho hoat dpng day va hpc, nhu may chiiu, loa, mic.. de giang vien c6 t h i t6 chiic cac rilt hoc sinh dpng, h i p dan.
Ngoai ra, d l hgc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat hieu qua, sinh vien khdng chi hgc trong cac gid len Idp m^
thong qua cac gid trai nghiem, di thuc t l se giiip cac em ITnh hgi t6t tri thiic va qua do hieu sau sac hon nhiing tri thiic da hpc trong thuc tiin cupc s6ng. Do vay, Nha t m d n g thong qua cac t6 chiic Doan thanh nien, Hgi sinh vien, cac cau lac b6...
phdi hpp vdi khoa chuyen mon t6 chiic cac boat dpng ngoai khoa, nhu: t l chiic tham quan thuc t l (viSn bao tang, khu di tich lich su, cac ca sd kinh t l , khu kinh te cua dia phuang...), gap gd, giao luu vdi cac to chiic hpi d dia phuong (t6 chiic Cdng doan, hpi Ndng dan, hpi Phu nii...).
Thudng xuyen to chiic cho sinh vien nghe phd bien tinh hinh thdi su trong nude va qudc te va cac cupc thi tim hieu kiln thiic cac mdn Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat;
nghien ciiu ket hpp dua npi dung tuyen truyen, pho bien kien thiic cac mdn hpc do vao cac hoat dgng sinh hoat chinh tri cho sinh vien, tao cho cac em nhieu san chai bo ich.
2.3.2. Mgt sd bien phdp nhdm ndng cao hieu qud day - hgc cdc mon Ly lugn chinh tri vd phdp luat & Trudng Dgi hgc Hai Phdng hien nay
Giang vien tich cue doi mdi phuang phap giang day, su dung linh hoat cac phuong phap day hpc tich cue.
Giang vien cin ket hgp nhuan nhuyen cac phuong phap giang day. Trong giang day cac mon Ly luan chinh tri, phuang phap thuyit trinh vin co mot vai tro quan trpng. Tuy nhien, de bai giang sinh dpng, loi cudn va b6 ich, giang vien cin ket hgp vdi cac phuong phap khac nhu: phuang phap neu v i n d l , phuong phap dam thoai, T^P CHI KHOA HQC, S6 39, thang 3 nam 2020 83
phuong phap thao luan... Trong cac mon Ly luan chinh tri, so tiet thao luan chiem it nhat 30%, do vay, giang vien can to chiic tot cac gid thao luan de qua do sinh vien khong chi hieu hon npi dung bai ma con biit van dung cac tri thirc do vao Iy giai cac vin dl trong thuc tiin. Giang vien giang day, nhit la giang day cho cac nganh trgng diim cua Nha tmdng cin tich cue ddi mdi phuang phap theo hudng tiep can nang luc nghi nghiep, phat huy tinh tich cue, chu dgng, sang tao cua ngudi hpc.
D6i vdi giang vien giang day Phap luat, trong giang day ly thuyit giang vien cin CO minh hga bang tinh huong thuc tl. Cac bai tap cung can gan vdi cac tinh huong phap luat cu the, sat vdi thuc tien.
Giang vien cin xem xet den doi tugng ngudi hgc (he dao tao, nganh h p c . ) de thiit kl bai giang hgp ly. Giang vien phai chii y den dac diem, kha nang tiep thu, y thiic, thai dp cua doi tugng ngudi hpc de lien he, van dung kien thiic trong bai mpt each phu hgp.
Tang tinh thuc tien cho bai giang cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat de bai giang sinh dpng, cuon hiit ngudi hpc.
De thuc hien dugc dieu nay doi hoi giang vien phai van dung tot nguyen tac thong nhat giiia ly luan va thuc tiin trong qua trinh giang day, ben canh viec giang vien phai c6 kien thiic chuyen mon sau, rgng, vimg vang thi hp ciing can co kien thiic lien nganh phong phii. Chi khi nao nam dupe cac kien thiic khoa hgc vOrng vang, sau sac, giang vien mdi co the de dang gan cac tri thiic ly luan do vdi thuc tien. Do vay, trong suot qua trinh cong tac cua minh, giang vien phai khong ngimg hpc tap nang cao trinh dp chuyen mon, nghiep vu, dac biet y thiic viec tu hpc
dl nang cao hiiu biet giiip bai giai's ''^"
giang vien sau s5c, sinh dong, gia^ ^^^
thuyit phuc. Trong m6i don vi kien thuc, giang vien cin ggi md, hudng dan giup sinh vien nit ra y nghTa thuc tiin cua van dl nghien ciiu va biit each lien^he, van dung ngi dung da hgc vao thuc tien.
D6i mdi hmh thiic kiim tra, danh gid kit qua hgc tap cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat ciia sinh vien theo dinh hudng tiep can nang luc.
Viec danh gia kit qua hoc tap khong liy viec kiim tra kha nang tai hien kien thiic da hpc lam trung tam cua viec danh gia ma cin chii trpng kha nang van dyng sang tao tri thiic da hgc thuc tl cugc sdng, biit each giai quyit cac vin de trong thuc tiin. Cac t6 bg mon cin xay dung dugc he th6ng cau hdi kiim tra dugc viec nim tri thiic ciia sinh vien, dong thdi ciing danh gia dugc su van dung nhiing tri thiic dd vao thuc te xa hgi, nganh nghe dao tao.
Sinh vien nang cao y thiic tir hgc, tu nghien cuu
De hpc tot cac mdn Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat, ddi hdi sinh vien phai co giao trinh, tai lieu hudng dan hgc tap mon hgc, van kien Dai hgi Dang, cac tai lieu tham khao khac va phai tang cudng kha nang tu hgc. Trong qua trmh tu hgc, sinh vien se chu dpng, tu giac nlian thiic cac tri thiic ciia mdn hpc vdi su hudng dan cua giang vien. Qua trinh tu hgc khdng chi giiip sinh vien chu dpng chiem ITnh tri thiic mon hpc ma con giiip cac em hinh thanh thdi quen dpc lap suy nghT, kha nang phat hien va giai quyet nhiing vin dl ly luan dang dat ra trong thuc tiin. Dl tang cudng kha nang tu hpc, tmdc het sinh vien phai nhan thirc dupe tam quan trgng cua vin
TRlTCfNG D ^ HQC HAI P H Q N G
de, tu gidc hgc tap. Ben canh do rat can vai tro ciia giao vien giang day hudng din, nhic nhd. Idem tra qua trinh tu hpc ciia cac em. Giang vien can yeu cSu sinh vien thuc hien nghiSm tiic cac npi dung tu hpc, hudng dan cac em each dgc tai lieu, each ghi chep. Yeu c^u sinh viSn bam sat cac cSu hoi dinh hudng trong tai lieu hudng dan hpc tSp, ddng thdi giang vien cd thi cung cip cho sinh vien nhiing tai lieu cin thiit de cac em tham khao. Ngoai ra, c6 vin hpc tap, to chiic Doan, Hpi, CSu lac bo... ma sinh vien tham gia ciing can co giai phap hihi hieu dfing vien, hudng dan giiip cac em hinh thanh thoi quen tir hgc.
4. KET LUAN
Tmdng Dai hpc Hai Phong trong sudt 60 nam xSy dung va phat trien luon chii h-png nang cao chat lugng dao tao dap ling nguon nhan luc cho Thanh phd va xa hpi. Cac don vi trong Tmdng phan dau khong ngiing gdp phan thuc hien muc tieu, sii mang ciia Nha tmdng. Nam trong truyen thong xay dung va phat trien ciia Nha tmdng, nhieu nam qua Khoa Ly luan
Chmh tri da luon phan diu hoan thanh xuit sic nhiem vu chinh tri dugc giao. Tmdc tinh hinh mdi cua Nha tmdng trong giai doan hien nay, viec nang cao hieu qua day va hgc cac mon Ly luan chinh tri va Phap luat la mgt yeu ciu cip thiit dl Khoa Ly luan Chinh tri tiep tue thuc hien t6t nhiem vu chinh tri ciia don vi va gop phin nang cao chat lugng dao tao cua Nha tmdng.
TAI LIEU THAiM KHAO
1. Bp truang B6 Giao due va Dao tao (2008), Quyet dinh s6 52/2008/QD-BGBT ngdy 18/9/2008
2. Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2016), Van kien dai hpi dai bieu toan qu6c \kn thii XII, NXB Chinh tri Qu6c gia, HaNoi.//o Chi Minh todn tap (1995), NXB Chinh tri Qu6c gia Ha Npi, tap 8.
3. Tnrong Dai hpc Hai Phong (2018), Bdo cdo Idem dinh ehdi lucmg gido due.
4. "Doi mdi phuang phap giang day cac m6n ly luan chinh tri trong cac tnrong dai hoc", http://
tapchicongsan.vn
5. "Vai tro ciia ngudi gidng vien trong viec doi mdi phuong phdp gidng cdc mon li luan chinh trj", http://tmongchinhtrina. gov.vn
TAP c m KHOA HQC, So 39, thang 3 nSra 2020 85
