Kinh te & Chinh sach
NGHIEN Ciru MOT SO CONG CU CUA LY THUYET TRO CHOI ITNG DUNG TRONG VIEC RA QUYET DINH KINH DOANH
Pham Thi Hue
ThS. Trudng Dgi hoc Ldm nghiep T O M T A T
Nghien cuu iing dung cua ly thuyet tro chai trong quan tri kinh doanh, dac biet trong viec xac dinh chien luac canh tranh da tro thanh mgt van de tat yeu doi voi cac doanh nghiep. Hieu ro ve ly thuyet tro chai co the giup doanh ngtiiep dua ra duoc phuong an canh tranh tot nhat cho minh truoc nhung tinh huong cu the ve phan iing cua doi thu. Ngi dung bai viSt nay gioi thieu mpt s6 ung dung ciia ly thuyet tro choi trong thuc te kinh doanh ciia cac doanh ngtiiep, su dung mgt so c6ng cu iing dung de ra quyet dinh trong mpt s6 tinh hu^ng kinh doanh nhu: tinh huong ra quyet dinh lugng dat h&ng toi ini, dnh huong lap bao cao thu nhap du kien cua cong ty.tinh huong lira chpn phuang an de toi mi hoa lgi nhu^n.Tir d6 giiip doanh nghiep khi gap cac tinh huong tfen co the ra quyet dinh cung nhu lira chpn phuang an kinh doanh hieu qua nhat.
T v khoa: Cong cu mo phdng, ly thuyet tro chai, mo phong kinh doanh, Hnh huong kinh doanh, ung dung ly thuyet tro chd trong kinh doanh.
I. D ^ T VAN DE
Ly thuydt trd choi li mdt ly luan hien dai ve canh tranh kinh te. Nd dugc dua ra lin diu ti8n vao nim 1944 vi dugc the he sau phat trien thinh nhimg ly luan tai tinh va khoa hpc.
Nghidn cuu ly thuyet trd choi de ung dung nd trong nhirng vin de eua quan ly kinh te, quin tri kinh doanh vi die biet li viec dua ra cic chien luge trong c^nh tranh di trd thanh mdt vin dd tit y^u ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep. Tuy nhidn d Viet Nam, ly thuyet trd chai lai dudng nhu cdn khi mdi va chua dugc nhieu ngudi biet den. Su phit trien ctia ly thuyet trd choi va ung dung ciia nd trong kinh doanh eung giijp giii quyet dugc cic ciu hdi cd lien quan dSn chidn luge canh tranh cua doanh nghiep.
Hidu rd vd ly thuyet trd choi cd the giiip doanh nghiep dua ra duge phuang in canh tranh tdt nhit cho minh trudc nhirng tinh hudng cu thi vd phin ung cua doi thii.
Trong qui trinh giing day cho sinh vien nganh quan tri kinh doanh, viec ung dung ly thuydt trd choi giiip sinh vien cd the lim quen vdi viec ra nhiJng quyet dinh trong hoat ddng san xuit, kinh doanh cua mdt cdng ty, giiip sinh vien ti6n gin han vdi thuc te cdng viec.
Tai trudng Dai hoc Lim nghiep, viec dao tao smh vien nginh Quan tri kinh doanh ciing luon duge xie dinh theo hudng "hpc di ddi vdi hanh", nhijng ndi dung cd lien quan den thuc hanh, iing dung thuc tien ciia sinh vien ludn duge quan tam, chu trong. Mac dii vay, sinh vien ciing khdng trinh khdi tinh trang chung la cdn ban che ve mat ky ning. De gdp phan vao viec ning cao hon nua khi nang ra quyet dinh trong kinh doanh cua sinh vien nganh Quan tri kinh doanh tic gii da tien hinh nghien cuu: "Nghien ciru mot so cong cu cua ly thuyet trd chai img diing trong viecra quyet dinh kinh doanh".
n. NOI DUNG, PHI/aNG PHAP NGHIEN CtTU 2.1. Noi dung nghien cihi
Thuc trang sir dung cic cdng cii cua ly thuyet trd choi de giii quyet cie tinh hudng trong kinh doanh. Cu the vdi cic tinh hudng ve xic dinh lugng dit hang tdi uu, tinh hudng lap bio cao thu nhap du kien cua cdng ty, tinh hudng lua chon phuang an de tdi uu hda lgi nhuan.
2.2. Phuong phap nghien cihi 2.2.1. Phuong phap thu thap so lifu
- Sd lieu thu cip
+ Su dung phuang phap ke thira: Ke thCra cac tai lieu, bao cao cd lien quan. Thu thap TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014 133
thdng lin qua giao tnnh, b i i giing, mang internet...
- S d h e u so cap
+ Sir dung phuong phap chuyen gia: Phdng vin nhiing ngudi cd kinh nghiem trong van de nghign cuu;
+ Phuong phap thio luan nhdm: Thao luan vdi cac thinh vien trong nhdm de tai de cd md hinh md phdng kinh doanh sit vdi thuc te v i xay dung bd dap an cd cin eu;
-I- Phuang phip khio sat thuc te: Tim hieu thuc td eac ca sd, doanh nghiep de nim dugc dac didm ciing nhu nhimg tinh hudng kinh doanh cd thd xiy ra trong doanh nghiep.
2.2.2. Phuffng phdp xu ly so lifu
- Phuong phap phin ti'ch, tdng hgp: Su dung phuong phap phin tich de phin chia ddi tugng nghien ciiu thinh nhihig bd phin, nhimg mat, nhiing yeu td ciu thinh. Sau do str dung phuong phip tdng hgp de he thdng hda ca sd ly luan v i dinh gii, tdng hgp de cd nhan thuc d i y du, dung dan cii chung, tim ra duge b i n chit, quy luat van ddng cua ddi tugng nghien cuu.
- Phuang phip thdng ke, md ti: Dd md ta, so sanh dir heu thdng qua cic bing sd lieu tdm tit, cic do thi md t i dii heu hoac thdng ke tdm tat vdi eac gia tri thdng ke dan nhit.
- Xir ly sd lieu bang phan mem Micro soft excel, ©Risk.
m . KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ VA THAO LU^N 3.1. Ung dung cua ly thuyit tro choi trong linh huong ra quyet dinh v^ khdi luwng dat hang
Mdt cdng ty phii thuc hien mua mot lin mdt loai sin phim (ching han nhu quydn b i o ngiy, lich tet) d8 d i p ung nhu ciu cua khach hang trong mdt khoing thdi gian nhat dinh. Ndu cdng ty dit hing mua sin pham q u i ft se bi m i t di phin lgi nhuan tiem ning do khdng ed du hang hda de d i p iing nhu ciu khich hing cua minh, nhung neu dit hang qua nhieu, loai hang
dd se h8t g i i Ui khi vupt q u i thdi gian qui dinh.
Tmh hudng cu thd sau day minh hoa cho van de x i c dinh sd lugng dat hang nhu tren.
Trong thing 9, mot Cdng ty Sich va thiet bj trudng hoc phai quydt dinh dit h i n g sd lugng quydn lich nim tdi. Mdi quyen lich gii mua vio cua cdng ty la 75.000 dong va ban ra vdi gii 100.000 ddng. Sau ngay 1 thing 2 tit ca se ngimg ban lich va tra sd cdn lai cho nha xuit bin vdi 25.000 d/quySn. Thdng qua sd lieu ban lich nam trudc v i sd nhirng sd lieu eua bd phin thi trudng, cdng ty du tinh sd lugng lich cd the b i n het trudc ngay 1 thing 2 theo p h i n phdi x i c suit trong bang 1.
Bang 1. Bdng phdn phoi xdc sudt cua nhu cau thi trudng ve Ijch Nhu cau Ihi tmong
lich (quyen) 100 150 200 250 300
ve PhSn phoi x5c suat
0.3 0.2 0.3 0.15 0.05 Tinh hudng dat ra la: Cdng ty can dua ra lugng dat hang bao nhieu de tdi da lgi nhuan tir viec b i n lich?
Gidiplidp:
Six dung phin mem Microsoft Excel de giai quyet tinh hudng.
Vdi mdt sd lugng d i t hang ed dinh, chdng ta se thuc hien de Excel cd the sir dung dugc md phdng 50 lin lap (hoac b i t ky sd nao khic ciia lin lip). Mdi lin l i p la dpc l i p eua c i e s\r kien xay ra.
Dd minh hpa, g i i su chiing ta mudn udc tinh lgi nhuan dy kien neu cdng ty dit hang 200 quyen lich. B i n g 2 cho biet kdt q u i tir md phdng 50 lan l i p ddc lap cho sd lugng dat hang 200 quyen lich.
134 TAP C H l KHOA HOC VA C C N G NGHE LAM N G H I f P SO 2 - 2014
Kinh te & Chinh sach
Bing 2. Md phdng lgi nhuan binh quan vdi lugng dot hang 200 quyen
Bang qia Gia mua Gia ban Hoan fra
75000 100000 25000
Phan bo lac suat
L u ^ g dat hang IsSluvngddthang
T 6 m t^t k i t qua mo phonq Lcrl nhuan binh quan Bd l9ch Icpi nhuan Lffl nhuan toi thiiu LOT nhuan toi da
2300000 3217855.161 -2500000 5000000
95% khoanq tin cay cho M nhuan d v kl6n nguvng thip nhat
ngudng cao nhai
1365495.682 3214504.318
Tim sd lugng dat hang tdt nhit:
Phin tren da thuc hien md phdng vdi sd lugng dat hang l i 200 quyen lich. Muc tieu cua md phdng n i y la tim ra sd lugng dit hing tdt nhit cho cdng ty, nghia la sd lugng dit hang
70 Bang dtr lieu lgl nhuan binh quan theo s6 luong dat h^ng
Xac suit tich IGy 0 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.96
Xac suat 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.15 0.05
Ntiu cau 100 150 200 250 300
n h i m thu dugc lgi nhuan Idn nhat. De thuc hien didu nay, khi da cd bang 2, de md phdng cho cic sd lugng dat hing khac chi c i n thay sd v i o d sd lugng dit hing (B9).
Ket q u i thu duge nhu sau:
71 sa Itfffnq dat hanq 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 7S 30 31
100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Lmnttuanlrunqbinh
2500000 2675000 2925000 2275000 2300000 900000 775000
•107500C -2350000
aciri-
m
T " istHinh 1. Loi nhuan binh K i t luan giai p h i p :
Mdt sd l u g n g dat hang 150 quydn lich cho k6t qua tdi da hda lgi nhuan trung binh.
Lgi nhuan trung binh ciia sd l u g n g d i t hang 150 quydn lich la 2.925.000 V N D , cao h a n mdt chiit so vdi lgi nhuan trung binh cua sd l u g n g dat h i n g l i n can va cao b a n nhieu so vdi lgi nhuan dat d u g c tir l u g n g d i t hang la 225 hoac Idn hon, Tuy nhien, mdt l i n niia
quan theo sd lumg dot hang
luu y r i n g day l i mdt su md phdng, sao cho t i t ca c i c lgi nhuan trung binh phu thudc v i o c i c so ngau nhien cu the d u g c tao ra.
Neu chiing ta thuc hien lai md phdng vdi e i c sd ngiu nhien khac nhau, cd the hieu r i n g mdt v i i sd lugng dat hang k h i c 150 cd the la tdt nhat.
3 J . Ung dung cua ly thuyet trd choi trong tinh huoi^ l i p bao cao thu nhap dtr kien ctia cong ty
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014 135
Cdng ty ABC mudn phat trien mdt bao cao thu nhap du kien hang thing cho nam tdi. Tuy nhien, cdng ty ABC nhin ra nhieu dau vio cin thiet de hinh thinh bao cio thu nhap nay la con sd du doan. Do do, mudn su dung ©Risk de bieu thi sd heu quan trpng nay, ching han nhu thu lgi nhuan hing nim sau thue... Dua v i o sd lieu thdng ke v i ket q u i thdng ke md t i , cic yeu td dau vao ciia cdng ty de xay dung md hinh nhu sau (tat c i don vi tien te la nghin USD):
- Doanh thu ban hang ciia thing 1 dugc phin phdi binh thudng d muc 2.225 v i lech chuan 150.
- Chi phi cda hang hda trong thing 1 dugc phan phdi ddng deu tir 870 den 910.
- Chi phi ban hang, tiep thi trong thing 1 dugc phin phdi tam giae vdi g i i tri tdi thieu la 90, nhieu k h i ning l i 93 va tdi da la 96.
- Chi phi quin 1^ trong thing 1 dugc phin phdi
tam giic vdi g i i tri tdi thidu l i 7 5 . nhieu k h i ning la 78 va tdi da la 8 1 .
- Chi phi k h i c trong thing 1 dugc phan phdi tam giae vdi gia tri tdi thieu l i 2, nhieu kha nang l i 24 va toi da l i 25.
- Nhihig thay ddi ty le p h i n tram doanh sd b i n hing hang thing v i chi phi dugc ddc lap vdi nhau v i dugc p h i n phdi binh thudng d muc 1,5% v i lech chuan 1%.
- Thue thu nhap doanh nghiep la 2 5 % Yeu cau: Vdi sd lieu dau vao d trdn, md phdng mdt b i o cao thu nhap du kien hang thing cho n i m tdi cua cdng ty ABC.
Gidi phdp:
Su dung md phdng @Risk de phan tich v i md phdng mdt bao cao thu nhap du kien hang thing cho nam tdi ciia cdng ty. Md hinh bang U'nh thi hien trong bang 3 cho thay bao cio thu nhap udc tinh ciia cdng ty ABC cho 12 thing tdi.
Bang 3. Bdng bdo cdo thu nhap cua ABC
D E f G 1 I
'9 BaoQDthunhap:
20;
l\ Doanh thu U Chipiiihanglioa II 24 IN gop 25 26 Chi phi tiep thj Vl Chiphiquanl^
28 Chi phi khac 29 JO Tong chi plii 31 . V. INtn/ottliue 33 Thue 34
thangl thangZ thangJ tiimg4 IhangS t!iang5 thang?
2225 2258.38 2292,250625 2326,53 2361.53 2396,956909 2432.91 m 903.35 915.90025 930.654 944.614 9S8,?82J635 973,165
thangg thangg thanglO thangU thangl2 Total 2469.4 2505,45 2544,04 2582.2 2620,94 29015,1 987.?52 1002.58 1017.62 1032,88 1048,37 11605,7
B35 1355.03 1375,350375 1395,98 1416.92 1438.174145 1459.75 1481.54 1503,87 1526.43 154932 1572.55 17410
93 94,395 95,810925 97,2481 98,1063 100,1874124 101.69 78 79,17 80.35755 81,5629 82,7864 84,0281523 85,2886 24 24,36 24,7254 25,0963 25,4727 25,85481609 26,2426
103,216 104,764 106,335 107.93 109,549 1212,83 85,5679 87,8564 89,1844 90,5222 91,88 1017,21 26.6363 27,0358 27.4414 27,853 28,2708 312989
195 197.925 200,893875 203,907 206.966 2100703808 213,221 216.42 219.665 222.961 226,305 229,7 2543.04
1140 1157,1 1174,4565 1192,07 1209,95 285 289,275 293.614125 298,018 302.489
1228,103764 1246,53 307,0259411 311,631
1265,22 1284,2 1303,46 1323,02 1342,85 14861 316,306 321,05 325.866 330,754 335.715 3716,75
Md phdng bdi cdng cu @Risk:
Tir ket q u i thu dugc cho t h i y r i n g g i i tri trung binh ciia lgi nhuan sau thud cua cdng ty trong n i m tdi (trung binh tren 100 l i n md
phdng) la 9957,20. G i i id toi thilu thu dugc trong bit ky l i n md phdng la 6611,42 va gia tri tdi da la 13025,79. Ket q u i md phdng d u g c t h i bien d b i n g 4.
136 TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA C 6 N G NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014
Kinh te & Chinh sach
35 [Us9uthue
!6 UttkJiliy
ISS I67ffi5 155 1722.13
! a i i 4 U 7 5 894.055 907.466 2603.667375 3497.72 4405.19
921.0778233 934,!94 948917 963.151 97759! 992.262 10O7.I5 11150.2 5326J66045 6261.16 7210.01 8173.23 9150.83 10143.1 11150.2
eRISK-Oglputli35
LN sau thue/ Total
*lilis.
Hinh 2. Kit qua md phd 33. U i ^ dung cua ly (huyet tro dioi trong finh huong lua chon phuong an de toi uu hoa loi nhuan
Trong kinh doanh, ed nhung trudng hgp cd nhieu phuang an kinh doanh duge dua ra v i cdng ty can phai lua chpn mpt phuong i n hieu qua nhat. V i n de phiic tap l i d viec cic thdng tin dau vao nhu chi phi hay thu nhap du kien ciia cic phuong an khdng phii l i mdt con sd cd dinh. Neu l i nhiing con sd du kien cd dinh, cd the thih toan NPV ciia timg phuang an mpt each de dang va do l i co sd de lira chpn phuong in. Trong tinh hudng nay, c i c thdng tin d i u v i o nay duge xae dinh dua v i o sd lieu thdng ke md ta, nd se cho biet gia tri trung binh v i dp lech ciia tiing yeu td d i u vao, can cir vao nhimg thdng tin do de du kien dong tien thu chi d l l i p b i o cao thu nhap dy kien.
Tmh huong cu the nhu sau
Cdng ty Toyota Viet Nam (TVN) dang cd ging xac dinh kieu dang loai xe de phit trien.
Hai md hinh (model 1 v i model 2) dugc xem xet. Moi model dugc gia dinh de tao ra doanh
•ig lgi nhuan sau thue
so ban hang trong 10 nam. De x i e dinh model nao dugc phit trien, TVN da thu thap thdng tin ve sd lugng thdng qua cic bd phin tiep thi v i thi trudng. Sd lieu dugc thdng ke md ta nhu sau
- Chi phi cd dinh phit trien xe hoi: Chi phi nay gia dinh dugc phin bd chuin cho mdi model vdi chi phi trung binh cho model 1 v i 2 lin lugt l i 2,5 ty USD v i 2,3 ty USD, dp lech chuan cho model 1 v i 2 lan lugt l i 0,4 ty USD v i 0,5 ty USD.
- Chi phi sin xuat bien ddi: Chi phi niy bao gdm tat e i cac chi phi sin xuit bien ddi dugc quy dinh de s i n xuat mdt chiec xe hoi duy nhat, gia su chi phi nay dugc phan bd chuin cho mdi model trong n i m dau tien. Vdi model 1 ed chi phi trung binh 8.000 USD va do lech chuin la 400 USD, vdi model 2 la 7.800 USD v i 6.000 USD. Sau mdi nam chi phi s i n xuit bien ddi la chi phi sin xuit bien ddi cua n i m trudc nhin vdi yeu td lam phit. Mdi n i m y l u td lam phat duge gii dinh la phan bd chuin trung binh 1,05 (tang 5%) v i dp lech chuin TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014 137
Kinh te & Chinh sdch
0,015 (1,5%). Tat ca cic chi phi sin xuit ciia nim duge gia dinh tinh toan d thdi diem kit thuc ciia nam.
- Gia bin: Gii bin hang trong nim diu tien cua model 1 la 12.000 USD va model 2 la 11.800 USD. Sau mdi nim gii se duocn ting len bdi cic yeu td lam phat ciing vdi su bien ddi chi phi sin xuat. Tucmg tu nhu chi phi sin xuat, doanh thu tir bin hing ciia nam nio thi dugc gii dinh tinh toin d thdi diem ket thiic cua nam do.
- Nhu ciu: Nhu ciu cho mdi model diu tien dugc gia sii la phan bd chuan vdi trung binh la 100.000 chiec. Dd lech chuan cho model 1 li 7.500, ciia model 2 la 10.000. Sau nam dau tien, nhu cau trong nam dugc gii su li phin bd chuin vdi sd lugng trung binh tuong duong vdi cie nhu cau thuc te nam trudc vi dp lech chuin 7.500 chiec cho model 1 va 10.000 chiec cho model 2.
Vi du, neu nhu cau trong nam thii ba la 105.000.
Nhu vay, neu nhu ciu trong mdt nam trudc li Idn, keo theo nhu cau trung binh cho nim tdi eung Idn, do dd nhu ciu thuc tl cho nam tdi se cd xu hudng tang.
- Sin xuit: Ke hoach sin xuat cua nim duoc
cin cii vao chinh sach sin xuat eiia nim do ket hgp vdi phin phdi xac suit nhu cau va nhu cau thuc te bin hang eiia nam trudc. Ching han, neu nhu cau du kien trong nam t la a va do lech chuan cua nhu ciu la b, kl hoach san xuit cua TVN la a+k.b chile, trong dd k la bdi sd mi TVN se phii lira chon. Vi du, nlu k=l thi sd lugng sin xuit trong bit ky nam nio se li mdt dp lech chuan lon hon nhu ciu du kien. Neu nhu cau trong nam bit ky Idn hon so vdi sd lugng sin xuat, ddng nghia vdi sd xe duge ban het. Tuy nhien, neu sin xuit trong nam bit ky Idn hem nhu ciu, TVN se bin xe dua thira vio cudi nim vdi gii giam 30%.
- Lai suit: TNV lgn ke hoach su dung ty le lii suit 10% de chiet khau lugng tien cho tuong lai.
Vi du, nlu lugng tien mat diu nim la lOOUSD thi cudi nam se li 110 USD
Tir nhung gii dinh trdn TVN mudn phat trien mpt md hinh md phdng dl dinh gii NPV cho mdi model trong thdi gian 10 nim.
Vdi tu cich la mpt nhi quan tri doanh nghiep, hay de xuat model nio dugc sin xuat de doanh nghiep tdi uu lgi nhuan.
Gidi phdp: Sii dung cdng cu ©Risk dl giii quylt tinh hudng. K I qui nhu sau:
@RJSiC-Ou^iJtA47
T6ng NPV {trieu CSD)
Hinh 3. NPV cua model 1
138 TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA C 6 N G NGHf LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014
Kinh te & Chinh sdch Tir ket q u i tren nhan thay:
Cae ket q u i md phdng tir 100 lin lap rieng biet cho model 1 nhu sau:
- NPV trung binh la 480,72 (trieu USD) - NPV thip nhit la -1.222,73 (trieu USD) - NPV cao nhit l i 2.717,85 (trieu USD)
De x i c dinh k i t qua ciia model 2 chi cin thay sd " 2 " v i o cdt C3 thay cho sd " 1 " . Ket qua thu duge nhu sau:
Tong NPV ilneu USD'
63 I i S. I i ° i
Hinh 4. Md phdng C i c ket q u i md phdng tir 100 lan lap rieng biet eho model 2 nhu sau:
- NPV trung binh l i 502,74 (trieu USD) - NPV thip nhit la -2.019,09 (trieu USD) - NPV cao nhit la 2.768,72 (trieu USD) Ket luan: C i c k i t q u i md phdng tu 100 lan lap ri6ng biet eho thay model 2 dat NPV lon hon model 1, tuy nhien, model 2 ed mdt dp lech chuin NPV Idn hon so vdi model 1 (921 trieu). Tiic la neu roi v i o trudng hgp x i u nhat thi model 1 se it tdn thit hon, edn model 2 lai cd kha nang mang lai lgi nhuan tdt hon.
IV. KET LUAN
Cd the khing dinh ring, trong thdi gian gan day, ling dung ciia ly thuyet trd choi ciing nhu md hinh md phdng kinh doanh duge sii dung rit phd biln trong giio due quan tri tai cac trudng kinh doanh d ea My v i Chiu Au. Lgi ich ciia phuang phap md phdng tren miy tinh da tao ra nhu cau nghidn ciiu nghiem tuc, ed co sd 1^ thuylt ve nhimg yeu td cung nhu dpng luc anh hudng den hieu q u i ciia phuang phap.
Vdi muc dich dua thuc td cdng viec v i o hoat ddng d i o tao cua c i e trudng dai hpc de trinh
lgi nhuan cua model 2
viec sinh viSn ehi hpc ly thuyet, viec su dung c i c cdng cu de md phdng cae tinh hudng kinh doanh trong doanh nghiep gdp phin ning cao kha ning xii ly tinh hudng, ap dung dugc eac kien thiic da hpc vao cong viec cu the, giim bdt su nhim chin don dieu trong viec hoc, va giup sinh vien khdng bd ngd vdi mdi trudng lam viec thuc te sau nay.
Vdi y nghia thyc tien nhu vay, t i c g i i khuyen nghi c i c cong cu cua ly thuyet trd choi ung dung trong viec ra quyet dinh kinh doanh CO the dugc ap dung trong boat ddng giang day cho sinh vien nginh quin tri kinh doanh, trudng Dai hpc Lam nghiep. Vdi su trang bi kien thiic k h i day dii tir cac mdn hpc, sinh vien nganh Q u i n tri kinh doanh cd the dua ra duge Idi giii d i p ddi vdi nhiing tinh huong cu the cd the x i y ra trong doanh nghiep ciing nhu ed k h i nang ra quyet dinh de d i m b i o dat dugc muc tieu ciia doanh nghiep. Cac cdng cu hd trg giiip sinh vien ed the md phdng duge c i c tinh huong cu the mdt each true quan v i de dang ban, tir dd giup ra dugc quyet dinh chinh xac doi vdi timg trudng hgp.
T ^ CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014 139
Kinh te & Chinh sdch
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O 4. Ti^n Cong Nghiep (2009), Gido trinh tin hoe ting dmg- Tmong D ^ hoc Kinh t l va Quan trj kinh doanh, Thii 1. A.M. Bradenburger; B.J. Nalebuff (2009). Ly Nguyen.
fftuver (rd c/i07//one iti«/i dotwi/i. Nha xuat ban tri thiic, _ „ , ..• , .r - , , ' ^ , : . '' « 5. Nguyen Xu§n Vinh (2004). Chien luoc llmnh Ha Ngi. „ , . . .r , ,
2. Robert S, Pindyck & Daniel L, Rubinfeld (2000).
Mot s6 img dung ciia ly thuyet tro choi. NXB Khoa hoc ky thuat, Ha Ngi.
3 PGS, TS Nguyin Khic Minh & TS Vu Hoang Ngan (2010). Tro chai: ly thuyet vd wig dung. HJl Noi.
cong trong thi trucmg vien thong canh tranh, Nha xuat ban Buu diSn, H& Ngi.
6. Bai giang Mo pliong Marketing. Khoa quan tq kinh doanti, Dai hgc kinh t l Da N5ng.
7. Bai giang Mo plwng kinh doanli (2012). Zidane Nguyen, BizForceOne Overview.
S O M E R E S E A R C H T O O L S O F T H E G A M E T H E O R Y A P P L I C A T I O N S IN BUSINESS D E C I S I O N Pham Thi Hue
SUMMARY
Research and application of game theory in business administration, especially in the determination of competitive strategy has become a key issue for businesses. But in Vietnam, the game theory seems quite new and not yet widely known, the business has not paid adequate attention devoted to ttieoretical full competition this useftil and attrachve. Understanding game theory can help businesses make the best plans for their competition before the particular situation of the enemy's reaction. The contents of this article introduces some applications of game theory in practical business of the enterprise, using a number of tools for decision-making applications in a number of business situations such as: decision-making situations the optimal order quantity, situation reports expected income of the company,situalion selection schemes to optimize profit. From that help enterprises to meet the situation on a decision may welt choose the most effective business plan.
Keywords: Applications of game theory in business, business simulation, business situations, game theory, simulation tools.
Ngu-M p h a n bien: T S . T r a n H i h i D a o Ngdy nhgn bdi : 11/02/2014 Ngdy phdn bien : 07/05/2014 Ngdy quyel dinh ddng : 10/06/2014
140 TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014
