Khoa hpc Giao due
SUT M E N H V A V A I T R O C U A G I A O V I E N C H U N H I E M
1. Su> menh cua ngudi giao vien chu nhiem (GVCN)
Trong nha trudng pho thdng, GVCN co su menh (mission) va vai trd (role) dac biet quan trgng. Cac nha quan li va ban than ngudi GVCN nhan thirc rd dieu clo se cd y nghTa co ban doi vdi su thanh bai cua cdng tac chu nhiem Idp. Su menh cua GVCN Idp dd khdng phai la nhung quy dinh ve chirc nang, nhiem vy, muc dich... mdt each li tri lanh lung, te nhat ma la su dien dat bing tri tue cam xiic dieu tam huyit, cd dgng nhit ve //' do ton tai cua nguoi GVCN trong nha trudng pho thdng.
Mdi nha quan li cung nhu mii GVCN cd the ty xac djnh su menh cua ngudi GVCN theo each cua minh nhung dd phai la nhung dieu quan trgng nhit, chi rd:
- GVCN vi li do gi, vi cai gi, vi ai?
- GVCN se dem lai hi vgng gi cho hgc sinh (HS) va nhung ngudi lien quan?
- GVCN bing each nao d i dat dugc hi vgng dd?
Neu la mgt GVCN, theo toi, su menh ciia minh nhu sau: Cac em HS can cd tdi. Tdi se cung cac em xay dung mdt tap the Idp biet thuong yeu nhau va cd kiluat tir giac; trong dd mdi ca nhan diu dirge tdn trgng, ddi xd cdng bing va tir do phat triin theo cac gia tri Chan, Thien, MT, ich. Tdi se vira lam vira rut kinh nghi$m, khdng ngimg hoc hdi de thirc hien ngay mpf fdf hon cac vai trd cua mdt GVCN, xirng dang vdi cac em HS, CMHS va nha trirdng da dat niim tin vao tdi.
Moi GVCN tam huyit vdi nghe, vdi nhiem vu cua minh deu cd the diin dat dugc su menh ciia minh mgt each ddc dao, y nghTa va thu vj. Dieu quan trgng la ngudi GVCN khi ty xac djnh, tuyen bo sir menh se khiln hg co y thirc sau sic ve nhiem vy cua minh mgt each tu giac, bing ca li tri va tinh cam, luong tam, trach nhiem. Nhan thirc ve sir menh la mgt qua trinh. Sau mgt thdi gian, qua nhung trai nghiem trong cong tac nay, ngudi GVCN cd thi nhan thuc rd hon cdng viec, tuyen bo lai sic menh rd hon, hay hon... Khong sao ca, quan trgng la ngudi GVCN ngay cang tong kit, rut ra nhung kinh nghiem cu thi cho cdng tac chu nhiem nhe nhang hon ma hieu qua hon; ding thdi khai quat len su menh cung nhu trilt li ve cong tac chu nhiem Idp mdt each sau sic hon.
Vi vay, tu xac djnh, tu tuyen bo su menh cua minh la diiu quan trgng, giup cho ngudi GVCN vira cd tim nhin khai quat vira thiy cot loi cua nhiem
• PGS.TS. MAC VAN TRANG
vu, vira tang them dgng luc, ban ITnh tu tin cho toan bd hoat dgng cong tac chii nhiem cua minh.
2. Vai trd cua ngudi GVCN
Ngay nay, diu truyen thong tdn su trgng dao da mai mgt din trudc cac lan sdng van minh hien dai thi vj tri cua ngudi GV trong tam thirc, van hoa ngudi Viet van d mgt nic thang kha cao, dugc kinh trgng. Vj tri do la mdt trong nhung tiin d i thuan Igi de ngudi GVCN thuc hien cac vai trd cua minh.
Ngudi GVCN cd nhieu vai trd va mdi nguoi cd the xac djnh theo nhung each khac nhau. Ngudi GVCN theo chung tdi co mdt so vai trd chu yiu sau day:
2.1. GVCN trip&c hit la nha chuyen mon tin ciy trong mdn hgc day cho HS. GVCN ma day kem, HS khdng tin tudng thi khdng the co uy tin, cho du GV dd co nuong chieu, tranh thu cam tinh cua HS nhu thi nao. Bdi vi dgng co, muc dich di hgc cua HS la ITnh hdi tot cac mdn hgc de tiin bg chip khdng vi cai gi khac. GVCN khdng chi biit day tot mdn hgc do minh phu trach ma cdn biit hudng din phuong phap hgc tap co hieu qua cho HS. Tat nhien, khong GVCN nao biit dugc mgi dieu, nhung mgt khi hilu rd vai tro cua minh thi hg se biit each lam thi nao de dat dugc dieu dd (chang han, mdi GV, HS, phu huynh HS (PHHS) cd kinh nghiem hudng din cho Idp...). GVCN khong day hit cac mon nhung lai cd trach nhiem ve kit qua hgc tap chung ciia ca Idp, bilt dugc kit qua hgc tap ciia mdi HS d l co hudng to chuc boi dudng HS gidi, phu dao HS kem la vai trd cua GVCN. Vdi vai trd nay, doi hdi GVCN trudc hit phai la ngudi cd trinh do chuyen mdn, giang day tir loai trung binh kha trd len. Thuc t i la, co GV gidi ve chuyen mdn nhung lam GVCN lai yiu va ngugc lai, cd GV chua day gidi nhung lam cong tac GVCN lai tot. NghTa la ngudi GVCN cdn cin thyc hien tot nhieu vai tro nua.
2.2. GVCN la nha giao due, cd vai tro djnh hudng, td chirc, thiic diy sy phat trien nhan each HS theo muc dich, muc tieu giao due. Od cung la mong dgi ciia HS, PHHS va toan xa hoi. Vai trd nay rit phuc tap, khd khan, nhit la trong bdi canh xa hoi ngay nay. Thuc chit day la trach nhiem cong din cua nha giao, vi xet din ciing, giao due phd thdng chinh la hinh thanh nhan each ngudi cdng dan dap ung nhung mong dgi cua xa hdi. Do dd, doi hoi ngudi GVCN phai la mgt cdng dan tdt va bilt each truyen day cho HS nhung phim chit cua mdt cong dan, cua con ngudi binh thudng trong xa
18 KHGD sd 61, thang 10-2010
ien curu Khoa hpc Giao due hpi, va rpng hen cua mpt cong dan quoc te trong
thai dai toan cau hoa. Tat nhien, trach nhiem dd la cua ca nen giao due, cua nha trudng, nhung GVCN trudc het la ngudi din dit, dpng vien, dilu chinh... cho HS cua Idp minh hudng din nhung gia tri dd. Co the, GVCN gap dupe mpt tap the HS thuan Ipi, hp khdng can co glng nhiiu ma "tu nhien" tu nhan each, loi song cua hp toat ra mpt str- eam hoa doi vdi tap thi Idp va su hinh thanh nhan each cong dan cua HS diin ra thuan Ipi; ngupc lai, nhieu GVCN rit vit va, kho khan trong viec thuc hien vai trd nay.
2.3. GVCN la ngwdi dieu phoi cac luc lupng giao due tac dona din HS cua Idp. Trudc hit, GVCN cd vai trd dieu.phoi GV day cac mdn hpc cua Idp minh. Be tao su dong thuan trong yeu ciu giao due HS, xay dung nen nip hpc tap, sinh hoat cua Idp...; phoi hpp vdi cac luc lupng giao due khac d trong nha trudng, phoi hpp vdi PHHS theo k i hoach giao due cung nhu trong viec giai quyit cac tinh hudng su pham bit thudng. GVCN khong nen coi PHHS nhu la luc lupng doi trpng hay mpt sue ep phai doi phd, ma cin dua PHHS thanh nhung cpng tac vien die luc, dung v i phia minh d l cung cham lo xay dung mdt tap thi Idp theo nhu tuyen bo trong su menh. PHHS la mpt luc lupng rit quan trpng hd trp cho cdng tac giao due HS cua Idp cho nen GVCN cin biit tan dung mpt each hpp li, hieu qua. GVCN cung la ngudi dieu phoi cac hoat dpng, sinh hoat cua HS trong Idp mot each hai hoa, hpp li, tap trung vao muc tieu phat triin nhan each HS, chu khdng de cac hoat dpng tu phat, hon ddn, di chech hudng...
2.4. GVCN la ngwdi co van. D l xay dung dupe mpt tap the HS biit tu quan, GVCN phai tu ngudi true tiip lam miu, roi cim tay chi viec va lui din trd thanh ngudi co vin cho cac can bp HS tu quan, tu lam viec dupe. GVCN tu chd true tilp quan li, vit va se din "nhan hon" d l chuyln trpng tam vao nhung vai tro quan trpng hon, trd thanh ngudi co vin tin cay va gin gui d i cac em cd thi
"chia se, nhd tu vin, aiup do cho ca ca nhan lan nhom HS v i nhung dieu cac em vudng mlc trong cupc song. 06 co thi la khd khan trong hpc tap, la nhung mau thuin, xung dot giua cac HS; la viec vupt qua nhung khd khan do hoan canh gia dinh;
la cac moi quan he tinh ban, tinh yeu tuoi hpc trd;
la viec se lua chpn nganh nghe gi... Cd bilt bao nhieu vin d l HS cin tu vln, ngudi GVCN khdng thi biit tit ca, nhung niu thiy rd vai trd co vin cua minh thi se cd each d l lam dupe mpi dilu. Doi vdi cac em HS THCS va THPT, vai tro co vln cua GVCN la hit sue quan trpng va can thilt. GVCN khong lam dupe vai trd nay, HS se phai tim kiim tu vin tu cac ngudn khac. Vay la ngudi GVCN mit di mdt vai trd quan trpng cua minh va HS se xa each
hp hon...
2.5. GVCN la ngudi dai dien cho HS, cha me HS va nha truxyng
Vai trd nay co khi khong ndi ro nhung ddi khi lai rit cip thilt. Cd thi neu len mpt vai trudng hpp lam vi du:
- Gid ra choi, mpt sd HS cua Idp 8A da sang Idp 8B gay chuyen, xd xat nhau, cac GV, bao ve phai can thiep d l hai Idp trd lai trat tu nhung khdng khi trong mdi Idp van rit cang thing, sdi sue...
Chua ro nguyen nhan ra sao, nhung GVCN Idp 8A da thay mat HS Idp 8A sang xin Idi Idp 8B, xin Idi cac thiy co, nhan vien bao ve, xin ldi nha trudng.
Sau dd, co mdi binh tmh lam viec vdi Idp. Cd da dong vai trd thay mat cho tap thi Idp va cd da nhan trach nhiem nhu cau tuc ngu dan gian "con dai, cai mang". Ban than each ung xu dd da la giao due Nhung viec xu li tiip theo se nhe nhang;
- GVCN thay mat nha truxyng phd biin cho phu huynh HS nhung chu truong, quy chi cua nha trudng; thay mat nha trudng di lien he, lam viec vdi cac co quan, don vj huu quan de phdi hpp giao due HS. (Vien Bao tang, don vi quan dpi, nha hat...);
- Ldp di tham quan, mpt HS phai vao benh vien cip cuu, GVCN phai thay mat phu huynh HS de ki vao gily cam kit giai phau cip cuu, vi niu cham se nguy cho tinh mang HS...
- Khi GVCN len nhan giai thudng v i cdng tac chu nhiem Idp xuit sac cung la dai dien cho ca tap the Idp d l nhan vinh du cho tit ca HS cua minh.
Tom lai, vai tro dai dien thudng xay ra trong nhieu tinh hudng khdng mong mudn, nhung cung cd luc dai dien mpt each vinh du. Co diiu, du trudng hop nao ngudi GVCN thuc hien tdt vai trd cua minh, se deu cd tac dung giao due tich cue din HS.
3. Doi md'i quan li de GVCN thuc hien tdt su menh va cac vai trd
Du ngudi GVCN co du nhung dilu kien chu quan dap ung yeu ciu, nhung niu ca chi quan li khdng tao dieu kien thuan Ipi thi hp cung khdng the thuc hien dupe su menh va cac vai trd cua minh.
Tir goc nhin cua ngudi GVCN, cd thi neu mdt sd khuyln nghi sau day:
3.1. Can cd Luat Giao vien hay mpt van ban tuang duong trong dd quy djnh that ro rang su menh, vai tro, chuc nang, nhiem vu cua ngudi GVCN trong trudng phd thong mpt each that cu the d l hp can cu vao dd thuc thi cdng tac cua minh ma khdng so nhung sue ep vd li, nhung quy djnh khdng hpp li cua mdt cip quan li nao do... Khi ngudi GVCN can cu vao Luat d i lam cong viec cua minh, hp se tu tin, ddc lap, co ban ITnh tu chiu trach nhiem cao d i hoan thanh nhiem vu.
KHGD so 61, thang 10-2010 19
Khoa hoc Giao due
3.2. Cac nha quan li nhat la hieu truxyng cin
hieu ro sir menh, vai tro, tam quan trqng cua ngudi GVCN, ton trpng va tao cho hp tinh dpc lap, ty chu sang tao, ty chiu trach nhiem cao trong cong viec cua minh. Mii ngudi GVCN va mdi Idp co nhung dac diem rieng khong nen ap dat cac bien phap dong loat, danh gia thi dua may moc nhu nhau.
Hien co qua nhieu nhCrng quy dinh ching cheo doi khi rit vun vat, 6m dim, do len diu ngudi GVCN.
Co tinh trang "tan quan, tan chinh sach", mii nha quan li mdi len muin khing djnh minh, ghi diu i n cua minh, lai dua ra nhung quy djnh mdi, ti6u chuin mdi, co khi phan khoa hpc, phan giao due, gay trd ngai, lam nan long nhung GVCN co ban ITnh va tam huyet. Rd rang, can quy djnh cip nao dupe de ra nhung quy djnh bat bupc ngudi GVCN phai thyc hien.
3.3. Bp GD&DT (trudc hit la Cue Nha giao va Can bp quan li co sd giao due) cin nghien cuu v i vj tri, su menh, vai tro cua ngudi GVCN, ve loai lao dpng dac biet cua GVCN trong truong pho thdng d l co chinh sach dam bao cho hp thuc hien tot su menh va cac vai trd cua minh.
Bp can co mpt trang Web hay chuyen muc v l GVCN d i pho biln nhung thong tin mdi ve cong tac GVCN va d l cac GVCN chia se kinh nghiem, phan anh thong tin nhiiu chiiu v l cong viec kho khan, phuc tap va hit sue quan trpng trong trudng pho thong hien nay.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyen Thi Dung, Tri tue xuc cam cua giao vien chu nhiem lop THCS, Luan an TS, Vien Khoa hpc Giao due, Ha Noi, 2008.
2. Le Van H6ng (chu bien), Tam li hoc lira tuoi va Tamil hoc supham, DHSP Ha Noi, 1995.
3. Nguyln Thac, Pham Thanh Nghj, Tam li hoc su pham dai hoc, NXB Giao due, Ha Npi, 1992.
4. Mac Van Trang, Xa hpi hoc giao due (Chuong nha giao), Vien Khoa hgc Giao due, Ha Npi., 2007.
5. Dang Triiu, Thu thach long yeu nghi, Trang Web Trung tam h6 trp giao vien, 30//6/2009.
SUMMARY
Addressing the issues of class teachers in school, the author talks about 1/ mission of class teacher, 2/
role of class teacher (subject teacher and students personality forming educator, advisor, councilor), 3/
proposals for changing the roles of class teachers.
GIA T R I K I N H TE...
(Tiep theo trang 13)
hpc sinh, din din kit qua thu dupe khong tuong xung vdi viec diu tu va cong sue bo ra.
5. Ket luan
Tuy nhiiu kiln thuc sach vd va kT nang khac cua ngudi hpc thu dupe trong nha trudng dudng nhu thoat li vdi yeu ciu cua thyc t i san xuit, nhung van bing cua giao due vin la cong cu cue ki quan trpng chuyen tai thong tin din don vj tuyln dung. NhCrng thong tin nay khong chi lam giam gia thanh dao tao lai cho nha tuyen dung, ma quan trpng hon la giup ngudi lao dpng co dupe mpt chi so EQ nhit djnh, day chinh la gia trj ma nha tuyln dung cin tim.
Gia trj cua giao due chinh la kit qua cua qua trinh dao tao trong nha trudng, trong viec giao due, dao tao va boi duong nhung kT nang nhan thuc va chi so EQ. Chi so EQ chinh la nhan to quyit djnh nang suit lao dpng va hieu qua san xuit thuc cua nguoi lao dpng. Tu dd cd thi kit luan: gia trj kinh t l cua giao due la chi so EQ vdi nhCrng gia trj nang cao to chit cua ngudi lao dpng, dap ung nhu ciu xa hpi, nhu ciu nha tuyln dung.
Trudng dao tao nghi cin nghien cuu chuong trinh, phuong phap giang day cac mdn chuyen nganh, lam sao thong qua viec dao tao nghe chuyln tai, boi duong dupe gia trj quan cho ngudi hpc, dap ung dupe yeu ciu v l chit lupng ngudi lao dpng cua nen kinh t l va xa hpi.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Tiln Tri Dung (Trung Quoc), Phan tich kinh te doi voi giao due, Luan an tiln sT Trudng Dai hpc Cat Lam Trung Quoc, 2006.
2. Pham Tien Huu (Trung Quoc) chu bien, Kinh ti hoc giao due, NXB Dai hpc Nhan dan Trung Quoc, 2007.
SUMMARY
The author presents some issues on economic values of education based on the economic perspective, through solving the relations between education - productivity - incomes.
20 KHGD so 61, thang 10-2010
