KY NIEM NGAY 0 0 LUONG VI$T NAM 20 • 1
H O A T D O N G D O L V O N G V A Q U A N L Y V E D O L U O N G
ThS. PHAN THANH NGHIEM
Hoat ddng Do lirong Do luong la mot ITnh vuc khoa hpc - ky thuat chinh xac, la hoat dpng khong the thieu, co vai tro quan trpng doi voi ddi song, san xuat, nghien cuu khoa hpc, an ninh va qudc phdng. Do luong thong nhat va chinh xac gdp phan dam bao cong bang xa hpi, bao ve quyen va lpi ich hop phap ciia moi to chiic, ca nhan trong cac giao djch kinh te, dan su; su dung tiet kiem tai nguyen thien nhien, vat tu, nang luong; dam bao an toan; bao ve sue khoe va moi trudng; day manh phat trien khoa hoc va cong nghe; tang cudng hieu lire quan ly nha nude; la cong cu dac lire gdp phan nang cao nang suat, chat lupng, phat trien kinh te - xa hpi va hpi nhap kinh te qudc te.
Hoat dong do ludng la hoat dong thiet lap, sii dung chuan do ludng, don vj do; kiem dinh, hieu chuan, thii nghiem phuong tien do; kiem djnh, hieu chuan, thii nghiem chuan do ludng; san xuat, kinh doanh, nhap khau, sii dung phucmg tien do; djnh lupng ddi vdi hang ddng gdi san; thuc hien phep do.
De dap ung yeu cau phat trien kinh te - xa hpi va quan ly cac hoat dong do ludng, cac nude tren the gidi, dac biet cac nude phat trien tu lau da chii trpng dau
tu xay dung co sd vat chat - ky thuat, dao tao nguon nhan lire va ban hanh he thong van ban phap luat can thiet, dong bp de dieu chinh nhirng van de co ban cua do ludng nhu: don vj do, chuan do ludng, phucmg tien do, phep do, kiem soat do ludng ddi vdi hang ddng gdi san; san xuat, kinh doanh phuong tien do; kiem djnh, hieu chuan, thii nghiem do ludng;
quyen va nghTa vu ciia cac to chiic, ca nhan trong ITnh vuc do luong...
Quan ly Do I iron g
De do ludng thuc hien dam nhan dupe vai trd chiic nang quan trpng ciia nd can phai cd bien phap quan ly do ludng nham dam bao cho ket qua do dupe thong nhat va chinh xac, dap ung dupe yeu cau su dung mong mudn. De thuc hien quan ly do ludng chiing ta phai dua tren cac co sd sau:
- Co sd khoa hpc: La ket qua nghien ciiu xac dinh don vi do vdi dp chinh xac ngay cang cao.
- Co sd ky thuat: La he thong cac chuan do ludng va cac thiet bj ky thuat de the hien kich thudc cu the ciia don vi do va thuc hien viec so sanh, doi chieu ket qua do vdi gia tri thuc ciia dai lupng dupe do.
- Co sd phap ly: La he thong cac quy dinh, cac co che de thuc hien thdng nhat cac bien phap
quan ly.
Nhu vay, quan ly do ludng theo nghTa rpng bao gdm viec quan ly phuong tien do, phep do va quan ly cac co sd de thuc hien viec quan ly ay. Hoat dpng quan ly do ludng do nha nude va cac to chiic, ca nhan cd lien quan den do ludng thuc hien.
Nha nude quan ly ve do ludng bang cac bien phap do nha nude chi dao thuc hien de dua hoat dpng do ludng phuc vu phat trien kinh te - xa hpi, phat trien khoa hpc cong nghe va phat trien san xuat kinh doanh, bao ve cac lpi ich cong cpng, bao ve quyen lpi nguoi tieu dung, bao ve sue khoe va moi trudng, bao ve an ninh quoc phdng.
Nha nude quan ly cac hoat dpng do ludng thong qua cac quy dinh cd tinh phap ly de cac to chiic, ca nhan cd lien quan thuc hien. Nha nude phan cdng cho cac can bp, cac co quan thupc bp may hanh chinh nha nude to chiic thuc hien cac quy djnh nay.
Nhung npi dung cua hoat dpng do luong can dupe quan ly bao gom:
- Qudn ly dem v/ do: Nha nude quy djnh don vi do phap djnh. Don vi do phap dinh ciia Viet Nam bao gdm: Cac don vi do thupc he don vi do luong quoc te (viet tit la he don vi SI), gdm cac
2011 LN^
THONG TIN
KHOA HOC • CONG NGHE • QB 4 >
KY NIEM NGAY DO Ll/ONG VIET NAM 20 - 1 don vi do co ban thuoc SI; cac
don vi do dan xuat thuoc SI; cac boi, uac thap phan cua don vi do thuoc SI; cac don vi ngoai SI dugc Dai hoi can do quoc te chap nhan su dung song song vdi hp SI; cac don vi truyen thong dugc phep su dung.
- Qudn ly chudn do lu&ng:
Chuan do luong chi dugc coi la chuan khi dugc hieu chuan (hoac so sanh) voi chuan cao hon trong so do khoi chuan (co nghTa la dugc lien ket voi chuan quoc te).
Nha nuoc quy dinh cac loai chuan do luong gom chuan quoc gia va chuan cong tac.
+ Chuin quoc gia la chuan do luong cao nhat cua quoc gia, dugc Bo Khoa hoc va Cong nghe phe duyet de xac dinh so do cua chuin do luong khac.
+ Chuin cong tac la chuin do luong diing de kiem dinh, hieu chuin, thir nghiem phuong tien do.
- Qudn ly phucmg tien do:
Cac bien phap quan ly phuong tien do co thS o nhung miic do khac nhau, co bien phap ap dung doi voi tit ca cac phuong tien do, co bien phap chi ap dung doi vcri mot so loai phuong tien do su dung vao mot so muc dich nhat dinh; co bien phap la bit buoc, co bien phap thuc hien theo co ch6 tu nguyen. Cac bien phap chinh quan ly phuong tien dobao gom:
+ Phe duyet mau phuang tien do:
Phe duyet mau phuong tien do duoc thuc hien doi vcri tit ca cac phuong tien do duoc san xuat, nhap khiu vao Viet Nam.
Duoc mien phe duyet miu khi ket qua phe duyet mau cua nuoc
ngoai dugc Viet Nam thua nhan.
Viec phe duyet mau do co quan nha nuoc ve do luong co tham quyen thirc hien tren co so xem xet bao cao danh gia ket qua thir nghiem mau phuang tien do va xac nhan mau phuang tien do phu hap vai yeu cau ky thuat do luong quy dinh.
+ Kiem dinh phuang tien do:
va phong hieu chuin dugc cong nhan. Viec hieu chuin phuang tien do nay do phong hieu chuan dugc cong nhan theo Dieu 53 cua Luat Tieu chuan va Quy chuin ky thuat thuc hi?n.
M6i tuong quan giua cac bien phap quan ly phuang tif n do duac mo ta a sa do duoi day:
PTD sir dyng trong pham vi do luang
phap djnh PTD sir dyng trong phong kiem dinh va thu- nghiem chi djnl !hJ PTD sir dyng trong cong nghigp va trong nghien ciru khoa hQC, Kiem dinh phuang tipn do
dugc thuc hif n trong pham vi cua phep do phap dinh (phep do dugc ap dung khi su dung phuang tif n do de dinh lupng hang hoa, dich vu trong mua ban, thanh toan; cac phep do lien quan den bao dam an toan, bao ve siic khoe cpng dong, bao ve moi truong; thanh tra, kiem tra, giam dinh tu phap va cac hoat dpng cong vu khac theo quy dinh cua phap luat). Viec kiem dinh phuang tien do do to chiic kiem djnh thuc hif n.
+ Hieu chudn phuang tien do:
Hieu chuin phuang tien do thuc hifn d6i vai tit ca cac phuang tifn do su dung trong cong nghiep va nghien ciiu khoa hpc, day la hoat dpng tu nguyf n.
Viec hifu chuin nay phong hifu chuin cua td chiic co du nang Igc thuc hien.
Hifu chuin phuong tien do chi bit bupc khi phuang tien do su dung trong cac to chuc thu nghiem, kiem dinh dugc chi dinh
-Kiem tra do ludng:
+ Doi tugng ciia kiem tra do ludng la cac td chiic, ca nhan san xuit, kinh doanh nhap khau chuin do ludng va phuang tipn do; su dung phuang tifn do, thuc hien cac phep do trong pham vi bit bupc kiem dinh/hifu chuan;
san xuit, kinh doanh hang dong goi san.
+ Npi dung kiem tra bao gom vifc tuan thu cac yeu cau bat bupc doi voi chuan, phuang tipn do; vifc tuan thii phucmg phap do, phep do dupe quy djnh; vifc tuan thu cac yeu cau bat bupc doi voi dp chenh If ch ciia lupng hang hoa thuc te vdi lugng hang ghi tren nhan doi vdi hang dong gdi sin theo dinh lugng; vifc dam bao cac dieu kifn cua to chiic kiem djnh hoac thii nghif m dupe chi dinh.
+ Co quan thgc hif n kiem tra ve do luong la cac co quan quan ly nha nuoc ve do luong o Trung uong va cua cac tinh, thanh pho true thupc Trung uong.
P.T.N S o l 2011 THONG TIN
