Ng h i e nc u p u-t r a o d6i
N H l / N G D IE M M O l T R O N G Q U Y O [ N H V E T H A N H l A p t o C H L T C K H & C N c 6 V O N
D A U TLT N L T d C N G O A I
NGUYEN GIA LU’g'NG Bp Khoa hoc va Cong nghi
ngoai (1996, 2000) ap dung d6i voi ca d6i tugng nha d iu tu trong nude va nha dSu tu nude ngoM, ed hieu lire tu 1/7/2006. Tiep dd, ngay 22/9/2006, Chinh phu ban hanh Nghi dinh s6 108/2006/ND-CP quy dinh ehi tiet va hudng dan thi hanh mgt so dieu eua Luat Dau tu 2005. Trong khi dd, Nghi dinh so 06/2000/ND- CP ngay 6/3/2000 eua Chinh phu v 't hop tac dau tu nude ngoai trong Imh v\re kham ehua benh, gido due dao tao, nghien euu khoa hpe khdng con phu hop vdi Luat Dau tu 2005, nen cang khd khan cho cac to chuc, ca nhdn nude ngoai dau tu trong linh vuc KH&CN tai Viet Nam. Dd hudng dan thuc hien Luat Dau tu 2005 va cac van ban luat, phap lenh chuyen nganh ve hop tac dau tu vdi nude ngoai trong ITnh vuc KH&CN, ngay 14/7/2010, Chinh phu da ban
hanh Nghi dinh s6 80/2010/ND-CP quy dinh v6 hop tac, dSu tu vdi nude ngoai trong ITnh vuc KH&CN. Vd
C O ban, Nghi dinh so 80/2010/ND-
CP khdng cd nhung ndi dung mdi so vdi trude dd; cac to chde, ca nhdn nude ngoai mudn thanh l$p to chuc KH&CN tai Vigt Nam v in phai thi,rc hidn cac thii tqc d iu tu theo L u |t D au tu 2005. Cu the la, cac to chuc KH&CN cd von dau tu nude ngoai chi dupe hoat dong tai Viet Nam khi dupe C O quan nha nude cd tham quydn vd dSu tu eSp G iiy chung nh^n dau tu. N hu vay, to chuc KH&CN cd von dau tu nude ngom mudn th^nh lap, ho^t dong t^ii Viet Nam gap mpt sd khd khan, trd ngai sau:
Ve lap Bdo cdo ddu tu: Theo Luat Dau tu 2005, hoat dpng dau hi la ho^t dong bd vdn b5ng cac loai tai san huu hinh hoac vd hinh dd hinh
Link vtfc edng nghiep ch i biin, chi tao thu hut von FDI. Anh: Internet
thanh tai san, sau dd tien hanh cac boat dong d iu tu n h ^ myc dich kinh doanh va sinh Idi. N hu vdy, ddi vdi cac td chde KH&CN cd vdn nude ngoii khi dang ky ddu tu phai bao dam cd dii vdn, nang luc tai chinh, giai trinh hipu qua ddu tu, bao cao phdn tich tai chinh... Tuy nhien, hoat dong dau tu trong ITnh vuc KH&CN ’ mang tlnh chat dac thu, khac vdi cat?
loai hinh dau tu khac. Cac td chuc KH&CN cd vdn nude ngoai hoat dong tai Viet Nam chu yeu la td chuc hpp tac nghien cuu khoa hoc va phat trien edng nghe, ddu tu chu yeu bang vdn la tai san vd hinh (tai san tri tue, chdt xam ciia cac chuyen gia, nha nghien cuu ...), chua the tinh toan mpt each day du va chinh xac vd Ipi nhuan tu hoat dong hpp tac nghien cuu khoa hoc, phat trien edng nghe (do tinh chat dye thu, nii ro cao trong nghien cuu khoa hoc), do dd khd cd the du kien dupe Ipi nhuan cu the ma nd dem lai trong hoat dpng tuong lai, dan tdi viec lap Bao cao dau tu gap khd khan, tham chi khdng the thuc hidn dupe.
Ve tham quyen cap p hep ddu tu:
Theo quy dinh tai Didu 37 Nghi dinh sd 108/2006/ND-CP, vide thanh lap
cac C O sd nghien cuu khoa hoc dpe
lap thupc tham quydn chap thuan_
va c ip g iiy chung nhan d iu tu cua Thii tudng Chinh phu, do dd, td chuc KH&CN cd vdn nude ngoai cung gap nhidu khd khan trong vipc xin cap Giay chdng nhan dau tu.
Ve tham quyen ra quyet dinh thanh lap to chuc KH & C N c6 vdn ddu tu nude ngoai: Theo quy dinh cua Nghi dinh sd 80/2010/ND-CP, Dac san Khoa hoc va Cong nghe
So 4.2014
NgHIEN CLPU - TRAO OOl
t6 chiic KH&CN c6 100% von nuac ngom thuoc tham quyen Thu tuong Chinh phu ra quyet dinh th^inh lap,
• do do, ben canh kho khan trong viec lap Bao cao xin cap Gi^y chung nhan dau tu, cac to chiic KH&CN c6 von dSu tu nu6c ngoai con gap tro ngm v8 thil tuc t h ^ lap tai Viet Nam vdi nhiSu thu tuc phiic tap, m it nhieu thoi gian.
Trong thoi gian qua, sau khi ban hanh Nghi dinh so 80/2010/ND-CP, chi c6 duy nhat mot t6 chiic KH&CN CO von dau tu nuac ngoai t h ^ lap tm Viet Nam la Trung tarn Nghien ciiu canh tac cay so-ri Nichirei-HPC do Cong ty TNHH Nichirei - HPC Vi?t Nam (N h |t B m ) la chu d iu tu.
Cong ty nay da dau tu k h o ^ g 6 ty dong xay dimg Trung tarn Nghien ciiu cSy sa-ri t^i xa Binh Nghi (Go Cong Dong - vung chuyen canh sa
ri trong diem tinh Tien Giang), nham chuySn giao ky thuat thSm canh tien tien cho nong dan, gop p h m nang kha nang canh tranh ciia trii sa-ri, nang chat lugng nong san xuat khau, tang thu nhap va cai thi?n cuoc song cho ba con nong dan. Ben canh do, vi thu tuc dang ky thanh lap to chiic KH&CN c6 dau tu von nuac ngoai tai Viet Nam phiic tap, bat bugc phm dang ky dau tu (tiic la tra thanh phap nhan Viet Nam), nen trong thoi gian viia qua da c6 3 to chiic nuac ngoai da tien hanh nhung khong thanh lap duqc t6 chiic KH&CN tai Viet Nam (gora 2 to chiic nuac ngoai hop tac vai 2 dan vi thuoc Bq Nong nghiep v i Phat trien Nong thon la Vien Khoa hoc Thiiy Iqi Viet Nam, Vien Chinh sach v i Chien luqc Phat triln N6ng n g h i^ Nong flion-va mdt to chiic khac tu H in Quoc).
Mot so diem m6i theo quy djnh tai Luat KH&CN 2013
Ve thu tuc dau tu thanh lap td chuT KH&CN CO von nu&c ngoai
Theo quy dinh tm Dieu 11 Luat KH&CN 2013 ve dieu kien thihh lap, dang ky boat dong ciia to chiic KH&CN, td chiic KH&CN c6 v6n nuac ngoii duqc phdp thinh lap tai Viet Nam khi dap ling du cac diSu kien nhu ap dimg doi voi cac t6
TtEP NUdC NGOAI TAI W ifT N A M
HOI NGHI
25 MAM THU HUT OAU TIT
Hoi nghi tong k it 25 ndm thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai tai Viet Nam. Anh: Internet
chiic KH&CN Viet Nam (c6 diSu le t6 chiic v i boat d$ng, miic tieu, phuang huang boat dong phu hop vdi quy dinh ciia phap luat; nhan luc KH&CN, c a sd vat chat - ky thuat d ip ling yeu c iu thqc hi$n m yc ti6u, phuang hudng v i dieu le to chiic v i boat dong); c6 muc dlch, npi dung, ITnh vvre boat dOng phu hop vdi quy dinh cua phap luat, yeu c iu p h it triin KH&CN v i phat trien kinh t i - xa hoi ciia V iit Nam; duqc Bo trudng B6 KH&CN cho phep th in h l |p va duqc UBND cac tinh/thanh phd tnre thuoc trung uang cho phep dat tru sd lam viec tai dia phuang. N hu vyy, cac to chiic KH&CN c6 v6n nude ngoii khdng c ^ phai lim thu tuc dang ky d iu tu, d iy l i mot bude doi mm trong cong tie q u in ly nha nude d6i vdi boat ddng dau tu trong ITnh vuc KH&CN, th io gd khd khan cho to chiic KH&CN c6 von nude ngoai va cac nha khoa hoc nude ngoai mong mu6n hqp tic vdi Vi$t Nam.
Dong thoi, da gop p h in th io g a mau thuin v i xung dqt tu trude tdi nay giua 2 bq lu |t (Luat D iu tu 2005 va Luat KH&CN 2000).
Ve tham quyin cho phep thanh Iqp td chuc KH&CN c6 vdn nu&c ngoai
Trude day, theo quy dinh tai DiSu 14 Nghi dinh s6 80/2010/
ND-CP ve thim q uyin quyet dinh Dac san Khoa hoc va Cong nghe
So 4.2014
thanh lap to chiic KH&CN c6 v6n dau tu nude ngoai tai Viet Nam, Thii tudng Chinh phu quyet dinh thanh lip to chiic KH&CN 100%
von d iu tu nude n goii v i Bo trudng BO KH&CN quyit dinh thanh lip tO chiic KH&CN c6 von dau tu nude ngoai Idiac. Tuy nhien, tai Luat KH&CN nam 2013, thim q u y ^ cho phep th in h lap tO chuc KH&CN c6 von n ude ngoai da doi mdi can ban, chi con m ot cap quin ly, do la Bo trudng Bq KH&CN cho phep thanh lip . Dieu n iy da tao co hoi cho to chiic KH&CN c6 von nude ngoai d l dang hon trong viec tiOn hanh cac thu tuc xin phep thinh lap, giim bdt thii tyc h in h chinh va thdi gian dang ky th in h lip.
Phe d u y ^ Dieu If td ch&c vd hoftt dong cua td ch&c KH&CN co vdn nu&c ngoai
Trude diy, theo quy dinh ciia Thong tu s6 01/2011/TT-BKHCN ngay 16/3/2011 ciia Bq KH&CN hudng dan t h ^ lip va d ^ g k^ boat dOng ciia to chiic KH&CN co v6n d iu tu nude ngoii, van phong dai dien, chi n h ^ ciia to chiic KH&C^
nude ngoai tyi ViSt Nam, thi dilu le to chiic v i boat dong cua td chiic KH&CN c6 vdn dau tu nude ngoai p h ii duqc Bd trudng Bd KH&CN hoac duqc Thii tudng Chinh phii liy quyen hay tryc tiep ra quydt dinh phd
NgHIEN CCPU - TR A O D 6i duyet tn rac khi boat dpng
Vi?t Nam . D ay qua la diSu kho khan cho to chiic nude ngoai va ke ca co quan quan ly nha nude ed tham quyen vi di qua sau vao boat ddng cua mot to ebue, m ac du dieu le cua to chde do khong trai vdi cac quy dinb cua phap lutlt.
Luat KH&CN nam 2013 da giup thao g o cac kho khan, vudng m ic cho t6 chiic KH&CN ed v6n nude ngom d ^ g ky boat dong KH&CN tai Viet Nam, dong thdi h ^ che dugc su can thiep khong can thiet ciia c a quan quan ly nha nude trong viec thdm dinh, pbe duyet didu 1? td chuc va hoat dgng cua to chuc KH&CN ed von nude ngoai (Luat KH&CN nam 2013 khong quy dinh v6 vi?c phe duyet dieu le, dieu If se do to chuc, ca nhan nude ngo^i tu xay dimg, soan thao, mien la khong vi p h ^ cac dieu c ^ , boat dong phu h(7p vdi quy dinh cua phap luat va dugc ca quan quan ly nh^i nude ve KH&CN tham dinh trong qua trinh xem xet cho phep t h ^ lap to chvrc KH&CN).
N hu vay cd the thSy, vdi nhung quy dinh mdi, L u |t KH&CN 2013 da tao dieu kien thuan Igi cho cac td chuc, ca nhan ho^it d fng KH&CN trong viec thanh lap cac td chuc KH&CN cd vdn dau tu nude ngom. Hy vong rang, trong thdi gian tdi, se cd nhidu td chuc, ca nhan nude ngo^i dau tu thanh lap td chuc KH&CN tai Viet Nam, tu dd ddng gdp cho su phdt trien cua nen KH&CN Vift Nam, gdp p h ^ dua nude ta c a ban trd thanh m gt nude edng nghiep theo hudng hien d?i vao nam 2020./.
N.G.L
DjNH HirdNG NGHIEN CUTU VA SAN XUAT V k -X IN PHONG BENH
CHO VAT NUOI
TS. NGUYEN VAN LIEU, PGS.TS. P H ^ CONG HOAT Vu KH&CN cac nganh kinh t i - ky thu^t, Bg KH&CN
T h ^ hien Quyet dinh so 439/QD-TTg ngdy 16/4/2012 cua Thu tw&ng Chinh ph u ve viec p h e d u y ^ Danh muc san pham quoc gia t h ^ hien Hr nam 2012 thuoc Chwemg trinh phdt trien san pham quoc gia den nam 2020, Bg Khoa hgc va Cong nghe (KH&CN) da tap trung vao viec giai quyet 3 logi vac-xin thu&ng xuyen xay ra dich bgnh gay thiet hgi l&n cho nganh chan nuoi, do la: vac-xin phong bgnh Id mom long m ong cho gia sue, vac-xin phong b^nh rdi logn ho hap vd sinh san cho Ign, vac-xin phong b^nh cum A/H5N1 cho gia cam theo quan diem: chu dong durgfc cong tdc tao chung giong, vac-xin dam bdo tinh Hrffng dong khdng nguyen gdy benh vd chu dong trong tat cd ede cong dogn san xuat vac- xin. Bdi v iit gi&i thigu mgt s6 vdn dk vk d(nh htr&ng nghien curu vd san xuat vac-xin cho vgt nuoi tai Vigt Nam.
Tong quan
Chan nudi cua Viet Nam rat da dang ve loai vat nudi, m di loai lai rat da dtmg ve cac benh cd nguyen do vi khuan, vi rut hay ky sinh trung gay nen. Neu chi tinh theo ten cac vi sinh vat gay benh chung ta da phai cd den ca tram loai vac-xin, chua ke den nhung mam benh cd kha nang bien ddi khang nguyen rat phong phu. Cong tac phong chdng benh trong chan nudi gia sue, gia cam cua Viet Nam con han che do edng tac tiem phong chua triet de, chua rdng khap va khdng thudng xuyen; edng tac san x u it vac-xin, bao q u in vac-xin con thidu tinh ke hoach va chuyen nghidp. Ben c^nh dd, cd nhiing dich benh chiing ta chua chu ddng dugc san xuat vac-xin, de cd dugc vac-xin tiem phong phai nhSp ngoai hoan toan. Vide nhap khau vac-xin se dan ddn tinh trang vua tdn ngoai td cua dat nude vua khdng chu ddng dugc edng tac phong chdng dich. M at khac, didu quan trgng khi nhap khau vac-xin phai tinh den kha nang tuang ddng khang nguydn giua chung san x u it vic-xin va chiing dang luu h in h g iy bfnh. Ddi khi, su bien ddi khang nguydn tao nen cac subtype thi vide san xuat vac-xin se phiic tap hem nhidu.
Nha nude ta da rat quan tam den vide chu dgng san xuat vac-xin phong bdnh cho vat nudi, tuy con han chd ve dau tu tiem lire, song m ot so vac-xin san
Dac san Khoa hpc va Cdng ngh#
So 4.2014
