N H O N G V A N D E CHUNG VE LICH SLF DANG
NGOAI GIAO VIETNAM
COHOh TBACH THtC VA TRIEN VONG
TRU'OfNG TAN SANG
Uy vien Bo Chinh tri Ban Chip hanh Trung uang Dang, Chu tich nudc Cgng hoa xa hgi chu nghia Viet Nam
Chu tjch nudc Truong Tan Sang phat bieu ve chinh sach cua Viet Nam tai Trung tam Oong -Tay 11 -11 -2011
Ndm 2011 Id ndm diin ra nhiiu su kien trpng dgi eita ddt nuac' vd Id ndm ddu tiin thuc hiin Nghi quyit Dgi hpi XI ciia Ddng trong bdi cdnh tinh hinh qudc ti vd khu vuc CO nhiiu biin dpng, tgo ra nhiiu khd khan, thdch thirc cho an ninh, dn dinh vd phdt triin cua Viet Nam. Trong bdi cdnh do, todn Ddng, todn ddn vd todn qudn ta dd dodn kit mpt long, giit virng mdi truang hda binh, dpc lap chu quyen vd todn ven lanh thd, dn djnh chinh Irj - xd hpi, duy tri tdc dp tdng trudng kinh ti gdn 6%, ung phd thdnh cdng v&i nhiiu thdch thirc an ninh truyin thdng cQng nhu phi truyin thdng. Cdng tdc ddi ngogi gdp phiin tich cue vdo thdnh cong chung do cua ddt nu&c. Vi thi ciia Viet Nam trong ndm qua tiep tuc duac ndng cao, quan hi vcri cdc ddi tdc tiep tuc duac cung cd, phdt triin vd ngdy cdng di vdo chiiu sdu, hieu qud Trong nhirng ndm t&i, tinh hinh thi gi&i vd khu vuc tiip tuc dgt ra nhimg ca hpi vd thdch thirc dan xen v&i ngogi giao Viet Nam, dieu ndy ddi hdi bdn linh ddi ngogi vd vimg vdng de tgn dung ca hpi, nhgn dien vd hda gidi thdch thirc gdp phdn dua su nghiep cdch mgng nu&c ta vimg buac tiin len.
TAP CHi LjCH SLf OANG - S61/2012 7
NHliNG VAN DE CHUNG VE LICH SLf OANG
Ca hpi cho ngogi giao \ 'iet Nam
Trong bdi canh tinh hinh chinh tri an mnh. kinh te the gidi tiep tuc cd nhung dien bien phiic tap. ca hdi va thach thuc dan xen. Co hdi chinh ciia ngoai giao \'iet Nam trong nhirng nam tdi viia do dieu kien mdi trudng qudc te \a khu \uc dua lai. nhung can ban van xuat phat tir chinh nd luc cua chung ta.
The va luc cua dat nudc da khac trudc rat nhieu nhd nhiing thanh tuu to ldn ciia han 25 nam ddi mdi. dugc ca cdng ddng qudc te danh gia cao: chinh tri dn djnh.
kinh te phat trien nang ddng vdi tdc dd cao.
Da\ la thuan lgi can ban nhat de ta tiep tuc trien khai thanh cdng hoat ddng ddi ngoai ddc lap tu chil.
Dai hdi Dang XI da cd budc chuNen quan trgng \e ddi mdi tu duy ddi ngoai, nhat la chii tnrong chuyen tii hdi nhap kinh te qudc te sang hdi nhap qudc te loan dien.
Day la djnh hudng cd y nghTa Hch sii dl ngoai giao N'ici Nam hu> ddng va phat huy tdi da kha nang ciia mgi binh chiing (ddi ngoai Dang, ngoai giao Nha nudc. ngoai giao nhan dan) thuc hien nhiem \u ddi ngoai tren tai ca cac ITnh vuc: chinh tri - an ninh, kinh te, van hda - xa hdi, qudc phdng an ninh. tao sue manh tdng hgp phuc \u su nghiep xa> dung \ a bao \ e Td qudc.
Chung ta da hinh thanh cue dien da dang hda. da phuang hda. \inig chic, cd quan he hgp tac d miic do khac nhau vdi nhilu nudc ldn. trong dd cd nhung mdi quan he
"ddi tlic chien luge" "hudng tdi ddi tac chien luge", i.io dugc su dan xen loi ich vdi
cac ddi tac quan trgng. Nudc ta la thanh
\ ien cua nhieu td chiic qudc te va khu vuc.
dac biet la thanh \ ien tich cue cua .ASH.W.
.APEC. EAS. Lien hgp qudc...
Hda binh, hgp tac va phat trien tiep tuc la xu the ldn tren the gidi \a d khu \uc.
trong dd, xu hudng da cue \ a dan chii hda trong quan he qudc le phat trien manh. Da\
la nhan td quan trgng. la ca hdi chung cho cac nudc nhd nhu \'iet Nam phat huy \\
the, tieng ndi \a chii ddng tham gia giai quyet cac van de toan cau quan trgng.
Trgng tam kinh te va chinh tri the gidi tiep tuc chuyen djch manh me sang khu vuc chau .A Thai Binh Duong, trong dd, nudc ta cd \ ai trd quan trgng tir gde do dja - chinh tri va dia - kinh te dugc nhieu nudc.
nhat la cac nudc ldn, cac trung tam kinh tl - chinh trj ciia the gidi quan tam. Day la ca hdi tdt cho chung ta thuc hien muc tieu phat trien, giii \ ting an ninh \ a nang cao vj the. Nam bit va \ an dung tdt ca hdi nay chinh la thuc hien thanh cdng kit hgp sure manh dan tdc \ di sure manh thdi dai.
TItdch thtic ddi v&i ngogi giao Viet Nam Ben canh nhirng ca hdi. ngoai giao \iei Nam phai duang dau vdi khdng it nhirng thach thurc ldn, chu \ eu do biln ddng ciia tinh hinh chinh tri. an ninh. kinh tl thi gidi dua lai.
Kinh te the gidi tiep tuc khd khan, phuc hdi cham. khdng dn dinh. khdng ddng diu, tham chi cd kha nang rai vao mdt cudc su) thoai mdi. Cac trung tam kinh tl ldn \a cung la nhirng ddi tac kinh tl hang diu ciia ta nhu chau k\x. My. Nhat Ban... diu gap
TAP CHi LICH SLf OANG - S6 1 2012
NHLfNG V A N O E CHUNG VE LICH SLf OANG
khd khan \ di khiing hoang ng. tang trudng giam. that nghiep cao.... dang anh hudng lieu cue den cac nen kinh te phu thudc nhieu vao xuat khau', ngudn vdn va cdng nghe nhu nudc ta. Ngoai ra, xu hudng cac nudc di \ iio dam phan cac thda thuan tu do thuang mai song phuong va khu vuc vdi nhung cam ket cao hon WTO se la thach thirc ddi hdi ta phai nhan dien, dieu chinh kip thdi. nhat la xac dinh vi tri phii hgp cho Viet Nam trong chudi gia tri cung iing toan cau.
Tinh hinh the gidi, khu vuc tiep tuc dien bien phirc tap, dac biet d Bien Ddng, bien ddng chinh tri - xa hdi d Trung Ddng - Bac Phi, an ninh ngudn nudc, bien ddi khi khau
\a nudc bien dang... dang tac ddng manh, nhieu chieu tdi lgi ich an ninh va phat trien ciia ta.
Chau A Thai Binh Duang dang ndi len trd thanh trung tam chinh trj kinh te cua the gidi, nhung ddng thdi la dia ban trgng diem tranh chap anh hudng, tai nguyen, cg xat chien luge giiia cac nudc ldn. Dieu na) ddi hdi ban ITnh ddi ngoai virng vang de khdng bi cudn vao cudc tranh chap giiia cac nudc ldn tai trung tam nay \ a duy tri vi the dgc lap tir chii, ddng thdi bao vevung chac chii quyen, toan ven lanh thd cua nudc ta.
Cac the lire thii djch va luc lugng phan ddng gia lang boat ddng chdng pha, xuyen tac. hdng lat do che dd ta. Chung tiep tuc lgi dung chieu bai "dan chii, nhan quyen.
dan tdc \a tdn giao" nham can thiep vao cdng N iec ngi bd tang cudng sir dung cdng nuho cao nhu Intemet, mang xa hdi kich
ddng. xui giue, ke ca ga> sire ep de ga> mat dn dinh xa hdi tien tdi chuyen hda che do ta.
Tu} dat dugc nhieu thanh tuu. song nudc ta \ an phai ddi mat \ di khdng it khd khan, hau qua chien tranh cdn nang ne"
Kinh te nudc ta da thoat khdi ngudng thu nhap thap nhung cdn nhieu > eu kem"*. Nam nam tdi. Viet Nam vira phai xir ly khd khan trudc mat, vira tai cau true kinh te, di vao thuc hien cac cam ket trong Id trinh hdi nhap kinh te qudc te nen siic ep canh tranh til ben ngoai ngay cang gia tang.
Muc tieu doi ngogi th&i gian t&i Muc tieu ddi ngoai ca ban, lau dai ciia Viet Nam la gdp phan giii vung ddc lap.
chil quyen, toan ven lanh thd; cimg cd mdi trudng thuan lgi, bao gdm ca su on dinh chinh trj - xa hdi trong nudc va moi trudng qudc te de tap trung vao nhiein \u phat trien kinh te - xa hdi; nang cao vj the ciia nudc ta tren trudng qudc te. Trong 5 nam tdi, nhung muc tieu chien luge cua ddi ngoai Viet Nam la:
Muc tieu phat trien: Giii virng mdi trucmg hda binh, tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho phat trien dat nudc, trudc mat la gdp phan tai cau tnic nen kinh te, day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda dat nudc. Dai hdi XI da de ra cac nhiem vu then chdt ve phat trien trong 5 nam tdi la "dn djnh kinh te vT md", ddi mdi md hinh tang trudng va tai co cau nen kinh te" va "xiic tien manh thuang mai \ a dau tu md rgng thi trudng" "khai thac hieu qua cac ca che hgp tac qudc te.
cac ngudn luc ve vdn, khoa hgc cdng nghe.
trinh do quan ly tien tien" Hdi nghj Trung
TAP CHi LjCH SLf OANG - S61/2012
NHCPNG V A N D t CHUNG V t UCH SLf OANG
uang 3 khda XI quyet djnh phai "tai co cau nen kinh te. gan \ di ddi mdi md hinh tang trudng"' Ddng thdi. chiing ta cung can han che tdi miic thap nhat nhiing anh hudng tieu cue cua cac van de an ninh phi truyen thdng ddi \di phat trien. trong dd cd an ninh ngudn nudc \ a bien ddi khi hau. nudc bien dang.
Muc tieu an ninh: Giii viing che do xa hdi chil nghTa. ddc lap chii quyen, toan ven lanh thd. trong dd cd giir viing chii quyen, quyen chii quyen \ a lgi ich cua Viet Nam d Bien Ddng. Giii vung dn dinh an ninh chinh tri, da\ liii mgi muu toan ciia cac the luc thil dich can thiep cdng viec ndi bd, chdng pha Dang va Nhii nudc ta.
Muc tieu phat hu\ \ i the: Nang cao vai trd la thanh \ien tich cue, cd trach nhiem trong xay dung cdng ddng ASEAN, d cac dien dan, td chirc khu vuc va qudc te khac.
phii hgp \di lgi ich \a kha nang ciia dat nudc ta.
Ngogi giao Viet .\am cdn ldm gi De nam bat dugc ca hdi, hda giai khd khan, cdng tac ddi ngoai ddi hdi sir thdng nhat. qu>ei tam, ddng ldng ciia toan he thdng chinh tri. dac biet la sir chii ddng, nhanh nhay \ a tich cue ciia cac binh chiing thuc hien cdng tac ddi ngoai. Trong thdi gian tdi. ngoai giao \iet Nam tap trung vao 7 dinh hudng kVn sau:
.Mql Id. phat huy ndi luc ciia dat nudc.
thiic dii) trien khai manh me. ddng bd ngoai giao loan dien theo tinh thin Nghj qiiNCi Dai hdi XI. Irong dd ngoai giao Viet Nam can phat huy cao do sure manh toan
dan, su nang dgng. tich cue, gan ket chat che cua cac binh chung dudi su lanh dao cua Dang, quan ly thdng nhat ciia Nha nudc. Day la bien phap chinh, ca ban bao dam thuc hien thanh cdng ba muc tieu ciia hoat dgng ddi ngoai.
Hai Id. ngoai giao song phuang phai trien khai qmet liet cd hieu qua hon ntia tren co sd xac dinh ro cac uu tien ve khu vuc, ddi tac, ITnh \ uc. bien phap. Theo do, Viet Nam tiep tuc thiic day quan he % di cac nudc lang gieng, ASEAN, khu vuc, cac doi tac chien luge, ban be truyen thdng. cac trung tam chinh tri an ninh, kinh te ldn tren the gidi. Hang nam. cac luc lugng lam cdng tac ddi ngoai phai xa> dung nhiing ke hoach hanh ddng cd trgng tam, trgng diem ddng thdi phai bao dam thuc hien tot phuang cham da dang hda. da phuong hoa quan he.
Ba Id. tiep tuc phat huy thanh cdng ciia ngoai giao da phucmg trong nhting nam qua, chiing ta tang cucmg ddng gdp thuc chat, dac biet nhiing sang kien giai quyet cac van de qudc te va khu vuc theo phuang cham "la thanh vien cd trach nhiem ciia cdng ddng qudc te" Dilu nay cd y nghla quan trgng giup Viet Nam duy tri, phat huy vi the va vai trd ciia minh d cac diin dan, ca che khu vuc va qudc tl.
Bon la, trien khai ddng bg, nhjp nhang cac hoat dgng ngoai giao song phuang.
ngoai giao da phuang thdng qua cac kenh ddi ngoai Dang, ngoai giao Nha nudc, ngoai giao nhan dan bing cac phuang tien phap ly, du luan diu tranh tren thuc dia.
10 TAP CHi LICH SLf DANG • S6 1/2012
N H O N G V A N Ot CHUNG V t LICH SLf OANG
bao \e quyen va lgi ich hgp phap ciia ta tren Bien Ddng.
.\dm Id. thuc day hoat dgng ngoai giao kinh te. ngoai giao \an hda tren tinh than vira la mdt trong nhiing tru cdt ciia nen ngoai giao toan dien Viet Nam, viia la kenh quan trgng thiic day phat trien, hgi nhap ciia dat nudc va tao dan xen lgi ich. keo dinh %e tinh cam va do tin cay giira ta va vdi cac nudc va cac dan tdc tren the gidi.
Sdu Id, da>' manh cdng tac ngudi Viet Nam a nudc ngoai va cdng tac bao hd cdng dan, phap nhan Viet Nam theo tinh than Nghj quyet 36 ciia Bd Chinh tri va nhiing qu\ djnh luat phap Viet Nam, luat phap \ a thdng le qudc te. Bao dam moi can bg lam cong tac d6i ngoai la ngudi than ciia kieu bao, m6i ca quan dai dien la ngoi nha ciia moi ngudi Viet xa xii. Tir dd phat huy tdi da su tham gia va ddng gdp cua gan 4,5 trieu kieu bao cho sir phat trien ciia que huong, dat nudc.
Bay Id. ciing vdi \ iec xa\ dimg ddi ngu can bd ddi ngoai "viia hdng \iia chuyen' thdng thao nghiep \u. gidi ngoai ngiir tii
Frung uong tdi dia phuang. chung ta can da> manh cdng tac nghien ciai ca ban va du bao chien luge va ludn chii ddng de xuat
\a tnen khai nhung boat ddng ddi ngoai.
img phd kip thdi cd hieu qua nhat vdi mgi bien dgng trong bdi canh toan cau hda.
quan he qudc te ngay cang phiic tap \ a djch chii\en trgng tam cua cue dien the gidi.
Trong khdng khi tung bimg ca nudc ddn chiio Xuan mdi. loan Dang, loan dan, toan quan ta tu hao \di nhung thanh cdng dat
dugc trong nam Tan Mao (2011). Ddn nam mdi Nham Thin (2012), chung ta hoan loan tin tudng rang vdi su doan ket. nhat tri ddng ldng trong loan Dang, loan dan. toan quan, toan he thdng chinh tri. chiing ta se tiep tuc cheo lai thanh cdng con thuyen each mang Viet Nam. Trong dd, ngoai giao Viet Nam se la mdt trong nhting canh budm cang gid giiip sire de con thuyen Td qudc hien ngang \ugt qua da ngam. sdng ldn tdi ben bd "dan giau nudc manh. dan chu. cdng bang, \an minh"
1. Dai hpi Dang loan quoc lan lhir XI, bau cir dai bieu Quoc hpi khoa XIII. bau cir dai bieu Hpi dong nhan dan cac cap. bau cir cac co quan cua Nha nirdc nhiem ky Quoc hpi khoa XIII...
2. T\ trpng xuat, nhap khau GDP ciia ta nam 2011 la 170% thupc hang cao nhat the gidi
3. Moi nam Viet Nam co khoang 1000 ngucri thiet mang do bom min chien tranh de lai. hau qua chat dpc da cam. che dp doi voi ihirang binh.
benh binh. ciru chien binh...
4. ODA song phirong se giam dan \a khong cpn duac hircrng nhieu che dp uu dai trong cac the che kinh te. tai chinh loan cau danh cho cac nudc thu nhap thap nhu trudc da\
5. Tai ca cau nen kinh te tap trung vao 3 ITnh virc quan trpng nhat la tai cau triic dau tu \dri trpng tam la dau tu cong; ca cau lai thi trucmg tai chinh \di trpng lain la tai cau triic he thong ngan hang thuong mai \a to chirc tai chinh; tai cau true doanh nghiep nha nudc vdi trpng tam la cac tap doan kinh te \ a long cong l> Nha nudc.
TAP CHi UCH SLf OANG - S6 1/2012 11
