Nghien ciilu hao Ail
Phat huy vai tro cua tri thufc
trong thii l(y Cong nghiep hoa - Hien dai hda dat nKdc
Promoting the role of tlie Intellectuals In the period of industrialization and modernization of the country
T
rong mgi thdi dai, tri thfle lufln la nin tdng tien bfl xa hfli, dfii ngu^^__ tli thflc la Iuc lugng ndng cdt sang tao va truyin bd tri thftc. Ngdy nay, cflng vdi su phdt triln nhu vu bao cfla cdch mang khoa hgc, cdng nghfi hifin dai, cdc qudc gia, b nhfing cip dd khde nhau, dang budc vdo thdi ky xdy dung, phdt triln kinh t l tri thftc va xa hdi thdng tin. Cang ngay gid tri cfla tri thflc, vai ttd cua dfli ngu trf thftc cang dugc dl cao nhu la ngudn luc quan ttgng dac bifit, phan dnh sflc manh eua mdi qudc gia ttong cudc chay dua, canh ttanh toan cdu. Do la mflt xu thd thdi dai.
Dang ta lufln quan tdm din xdy dung ddi ngu tri thflc; da ban hdnh mdt sd chfl truong, chinh sdeh quan hfi ddn trf thflc, tao dilu kifin dl tri thflc phdt trien va hoat dflng sdng tao. Dang ta xdc dinh: Tri thftc Viet Nam la luc lugng lao dflng sang tao dac bifit quan ttong, trong tidn ttinh diy manh cfing nghiep hod, hifin dai hod ddt nudc vd hfli nhdp kinh tdqudc tl, hudng tdi xdy dung kinh td tri thftc, phdt
THS. Phan Dang Scm*
tiiln nin vdn hoa Vifit Nam tifin tiln, ddm dd ban sdc ddn tdc. Xdy dung ddi ngu tn thftc vttng manh Id true tidp ndng tdm tii tufi cua ddn tdc, sflc manh cua dit nudc, ndng cao ndng luc lanh dao cfla Dang va chit lugng hoat dflng cfla he thdng chinh tii. Diu tu xdy dung dfii ngu trf thftc la ddu tu cho phat triln bin vflng".
Tri thftc
Khdi niem trf thftc Id mfit pham trtt lich sft, nfin nfli hdm cfta nd cd thi thay ddi cflng vdi su phat triln cua xa hdi. Mfli ngudi, mfli nudc vd mdi thdi kJ, tfly theo cdch nhin nhdn cua ca nhdn, cfla dan tflc va cfla thdi dai dd ma cd cdch hieu rifing ve tri thftc. Vi thi, nfli ham cfla khdi nifim tri thftc ludn thay ddi theo ca khdng gian vd thdi gian.
Mac dfl, cd su khde nhau ttong cdch diln dat, tuy nhifin, ndt ehung nhit ndi bdt d khdi nifim ndy la hai dilm;
- Tri thftc la ngudi cd hgc vdh cao;
- Tri thflc la nhttng ngudi lam cdng vific tri dc, cd sang tao va
Nhan ngay: 02/03/2017 Bien t§p ngay: 07/03/2017 Duydt dfing: 13/03/2017 truyin bd nhung hilu bidt vd sdng tao cfta minh dem Iai lgi ich cho xa hdi.
Ndi ddn tri thflc la ndi dlh hoat dfing cfla hg gdn Uln vdi lao ddng tri dc vdi nhflng ddc trung CO ban sau:
Thii: nhit, tii thftc Id ngUdi cd hilu bidt rflng vd sdu, cd ndng lflc sdng tao, cd trinh dfl phdt trifi'n cao v l tri tue, lam viec bdng tri dc, nhay ben vdi cdi mdi vd ddi mdi dl phat triln.
Thd hai, hgc vdh, hgc thflc cfta ngudi tri thflc dugc gdy dung qua dao tao, dugc bfli dudng va phdt tiiln khdng ngiing bang con dudng tu dao tao, tu ttau ddi va hodn thifin cfla cd nhan, trong lao dfing vd hoat dfing sdng tao.
Thu: ba, tri thftc cd nhu ciu cao vl ddi sfl'ng ttnh thin va hudng tdi cdc gid Oi tinh flidn, ttgng su thdt, chdn 1J vd dao I J. Trf thflc la ngudi cd cd tinh sdng tao, cd long ttr ttgng cao, cd diu dc duy 1J vd phfi phan dl khing dinh cdi tfli - cd thi dflng thdi gdn bfl vdi cfing ddng]
phung su nhdn ddn vd ddn tflc.
* Vidn Khoa hpc To chult Nhd nfldc I &i^ ctu i^le todn V Mi^n todn, Ad't/idtM 4/20J7
Nghien cihi trao t
Thd; tu, khat vgng tu do, ddn chu, diu ttanh cho le pbm va su cdng bdng la su ndi trfii trong nhdn cdch tri thflc sang tao.
ThO: ndm, tri thftc thi hifin IJ tudng chmh tri vd trach nhiem xa hfli cfla minh thflng qua hoat dfing nghi nghiep, qua hoat dflng chuyen mfln dac thu. Nggn ngudn sdu xa efla sflc manh sdng tao vd phat triln tdi nang trf thflc Id thuc tiln cuflc sdng, la su gdn bd sdu nang vdi Td qudc vd nhdn ddn. Id tinh cam yfiu nudc vd tinh thin ddn tflc.
Ttt nhung dac trung ttfin, cd thi nhdn tiiiy ngudi tri ttiftc cd nhttng chftc nang co bdn sau:
1. Chflc nang sang tao khoa hgc, duy tii vd phdt triln nhiing gid tri CO ban efla xa hdi theo hudng chdn, thifin, my;
2. Chftc nang phan bifin, phfi phan xa hfli, bidt nhin ro su vdt, suy nghi ddn cttng vd ddm phfi phdn nhfing gi khflng dflng, khflng hgpU;
3. C3iflc nang ddo tao ldp tri thfle mdi cho dit nudc;
4. Chftc ndng tham gia cdc hoat dflng xa hdi phu hop vdi vai ttd cua ngudi tri thftc
Trdn co sd nghifin cftu v l nhiing ddc tmng va chftc nang co ban cua hi tiiftc, Nghi quydt sd 27- NQ/TW, khda X (6/8/2008) "vl xdy dung ddi ngu tri tiiftc ttong thdi kJ diy manh cflng nghiep hod, hifin dai hod dit nudc", da nh& manh: 'Tri tiiftc la nhiSig ngudi lao dflng tri de„ cd trinh dd hpc vdh cao vl linh vuc chuyen mdn nhit dinh, (thudng Id trinh dd dai hgc va tucmg duong ttd Ifin), cd ndng luc tu duy dflc lap, nang Iuc sdng tao, ti:uyln ba vd Idm gidu tri thftc, tao ra nhung san phdm tinh thdn vd vdt chit cd gid tri ddi vdi fch cho xa hfli"
Thuc trang boat ddng cua ddi DgD tri thiirc hien nay
Tri thflc cfla nudc ta, xuit thdn ttt mgi giai ting xa hfii, nhit Id ttt cdng nhdn vd ndng dan. Phdn Idn tii tiiftc hidn nay tnidng thahh ttong xa hdi mdi, dugc hinh thdnh ttt nhilu ngudn ddo tao d trong vd ngoai nudc, vdi nhieu thd hfi ndi tidp nhau, ttong do cd bg phdn tri thflc ngudi Viet Nam d nudc ngodi. Phdn Idn tri thflc hien nay tnidng thanh ttong xa hfli mdi, da c6 nhiing ddng gdp to ldn, tten tit ca cdc linh vuc xay dung va bao ve Td qudc. Dfli ngfl tii thflc nudc ta cd tinh than ydu nudc, cd Idng tu hdo, lu tdn dan tflc sdu sde, lufln gdn bd vdi su nghifip cdch mang ciia Dang lanh dao vi muc tifiu:
Dan gidu, nudc manh, ddn chfl, eflng bang, van minh. Nhilu trf thflc tre thd hifin tmh ndng ddng, sdng tao, thich i&ig nhanh vdi kinh td thi trudng va hfli nhap kinh td qudc td. Bdng boat dflng sang tao, trf thftc nudc ta da cd ddng gdp to ldn tten tit ca cdc Unh vuc xdy dung, bao vd Td qudc.
Cilng vdi su phdt triln cua dit nudc vl kinh te-xa hdi thi dfli ngfl tri thftc Viet Nam hifin nay, dang ngdy cang ldn manh vl sd lugng vd chit lugng. Ndu tmh tfl ndm 2005 nudc ta cd 2.339.091 ngudi cd trtnh do dai hgc va cao dang ttd ldn, trong dd ed 16.000 Thae sT, 14.000 Tidn si vd Tidn si khoa hgc dang hoat ddng d tit ca cdc ngdnh, lmh vuc, dia phuong thi den nam 2013, ca nudc cd khoang Bang 1: Sd luvng can bp nghien cflu la
6.550.234 tri thftc, trong dd cd 24.667 Tidn sT va 118.000 Thac sL Sd lugng tidn si mfli ndm tang 7%, Thac si la 14%, nhu vay ndu theo ti le tang 7% nay thi ddn nam 2016, nudc ta cd khoang 30.000 Tieh si, day Id mfit sd Ueu in tugng trong bdi canh Vifit Nam vdn Id mflt nudc dang phdt triln.
Theo sd Ueu tfl cuflc dilu tta nghifin cflu va phdt triln nam 2014, do Cue Thdng tin Khoa hgc vd Cflng nghfi quflc gia (Bfl Khoa hgc vd Cflng nghfi) tiln hdnh ciing vdi Dilu tia Doanh nghifip 2014 cfla Tdng cue Thdng kfi, dugc cdng bd ttong sdeh Khoa hgc vd Cflng n ^ d Viet Nam 2014 (bang 1), cho ttiiy, nam 2013 Viet Nam cd 12.261 Tidn si tham gia nghifin cflu khoa hgc va phdt triln cdng nghfi (chidm 9% tix)ng tdng sd 128.998 can bd nghidn clhi) Sdeh khoa hgc va cflng nghe Viet Nam ndm 2014. Nhflng can bfl n ^ e n cflu hien nay, chfl ydu ddn tfl khdi cdc co quan Nhd nudc vdi khoang 11.411 tidn si, ttong khi d kbfli ngoai Nhd nudc vd cdc don vi ed vdn diu tu nudc ngoai khd ft. Cd thi thiy ro, thuc trang hgc vi tidn si hien nay vdn dang nhu mdt tf&n giiy thdng hdnh dl tien than ttong edc po quan quan IJ Nha nudc chfl khflng phai de nghien cftu khoa hgc .
Bdo cdo tdng hgp cua kit qud dilu tta tten cung cho bidt thdng kfi sd lugng tien si ttong cac trudng dai hgc hidn nay chidm da sfl (7.959 ngudi, chidm gdn 65%), tilp sau la khu vuc cac cde vidn, tien sT theo thanh phan liinh te Thanh phan kinh t l
Nha nudc Ngodi nha nudc Co vdn 6au tu nirdc nqodi Tong
Can bo nqhien cftu 112.190
15.076 1.730 128,998
Tien sT 11.411
830 21 12.261 (NguSn: Sdeh khoa hgc vd Cong ngiii Viet Nam ndm 2014) Soft cAi.^'todfi 9P ^yiimn todn Ao ^um^ 4/2047 \
Nghien ciiu trao dtfi
tiung tdm NC&PT (3.367 ngudi, chilm gdn 28%). Khu vuc doanh nghifip cd t J le edn bfl nghifin cftu Id tiidn si tiidp nhit. Dilu ndy Id hodn toan phfl hop vdi chmh sdeh ndng cao ndng luc giang vifin trong cdc trudng dai hgc cfla Bfl GD&DT, nham phdt tiiln ttifim dfli ngu M thfle Vifit Nam ttong giai doan tilp theo (bang 2).
Mae du, sd lugng tif thflc Vifit Nam ngdy cdng tSng nhanh, my nhifin he ttidng chfnh saeh ddi vdi tri thflc cdn chua ddng bfl vd bflc Ifl nhilu ban chl, cdn mang ndng tmh chit hanh chihh hod. Do vay, chua phit huy hdt tilm ndng tci tufi cfla ddi ngu tri thftc. Dd Id:
1. Cho dfi'n nay, chflng ta vdn chua cd quy hoach tdng thi xdy dung dfli ngu tri thftc, mfit chiln luge tdng thi ve phdt triln kinh td - xa hfii dua tren tri thflc, bdng khoa hgc va cflng nghfi, lam co sd dl xdc dinh vi tti, vai ttd cfta khoa hgc vd cflng nghfi vd dfli ngu tri thftc.
2. DOi ngu trf thflc Viet Nam, so vdi yeu cdu diy nhanh qud trinh cdng nghifip hda, hifin dai hda, rut ngdn khoang each vdi cac nudc phdt triln, con bflc lfi nhilu bd't cdp vl: ttinh do chuyfin mfln, trinh dfi ngoai ngfl, nang luc sang tao, kha nang hgp tdc gidi quyet nhung v&i dl thuc tiln, chua thiy ro bdn phdn cfla minh ttudc su tut hdu va an nguy cfla dit nudc.
3. Cip Uy Dang vd chinh quyln ttt Trung uong den co sd ehua nhdn thflc dflng vl vai ttd, vi tri cua khoa hgc vd cflng nghfi va tri thflc ttong su nghifip phdt trien dit nudc. Mflt sd cdn bfi Ianh dao, quan Iy cd nhan thftc lech lac vl cac chftc danh khoa hgc va cd tu tudng ham danh, da gop phdn ddn dfin tinh ttang mua bdng, ban cip.
4. Trong cdng tdc tti thftc vdn cdn tu tudng ngai diing ngudi tai.
ngai tidp xuc vdi tii thflc. C3iua cd chmh sdeh, nham tao dilu kifin thudn lgi cho tii thflc chuyfin tdm cdng hidn va dugc xa hdi tfln vinh bang chuih kdt qud hoat dflng nghi nghifip cfla minh, cho nfin nhilu tri ttiftc, k l ca nhflng nha khoa hgc ddu ngdnh da phai tim con dudng tiidng tiln cfla minh thdng qua con dudng quan chftc hdnh ch&h hoac nhung con d u ^ g khde.
5. Chua cd chinh sdeh phfl hgp di thu hftt va phdt huy su cdng hifin cfla ddi ngu tii ttiftc, tdp hop tri thftc cd ndng luc ttong hoach dinh, xdy dung va giai quyet nhung vah dl trgng ydu cua qudc gia; ttong cflng tdc quan IJ, vdn chua cd he thdng tieu chf phfl hgp vdi thuc td ttong nudc va chudn muc qudc td ldm CO sd cho xay dung quy hoach, kd hoaeh phat niln kinh td xa hdi, dinh gid kit qua hoat ddng cfla tri thftc, tao nfin su lang phf, lang cflng ttong sft dung tri thflc; Thidu chihh sach vl phat hifin, tidn cfl, myln chgn, bdi dudng, ttgng dung cac tdi ndng cua dit nudc; cdc chinh sach vl vific lam, tiln luong, thudng phat, tdn vinh, phat hifin, tiiu hut, sft dung, dai ngd... chua thuc su ttd thdnh ddng luc thuc d^y tfnh ndng ddng sdng tao, chua tao dilu kifin lam vific, mdi trudng khoa hgc vd phdp IJ dl trf ttiftc cd till yen tdm cflng hidn va thang tidn bang con dudng khoa hgc,...
Bang 2: Sd lUOng can bd nghien culU Id
6. Trong Iihh vuc gido due va dao tao, chua ttiuc su cd w tabng va phuong phdp luSn ngang tdm ttidi dai, dinh hudng phdt tiiln gido due va ddo tao; hd ttidng gido due va ddo tao chua dap flng duac mue tifiu ndng eao ddn tri. ^^do tao nhdn luc, bdi dudng nhdn tai,...
7. Chua cd. chinh sich ttu'ch hgp, du manh d l ttiu hftt ttf mfi cfla tii tiiftc ngudi Viet Nam d nudc ngoai vd cdc nhd khoa hgc ngudi nudc ngodi tham gia giai quydt nhfing vSn dl vd phdt tiiln kinh td - xa hdi cua Vifit Nam,...
Do vdy, dl phat huy vai trd cfla ddi ngu tri thflc ttong th&i kJ ddy manh eflng nghifip hda - hifin dai hda dit nudc, chflng ta c d n j i ^ ^ g chihh sdeh vd giai phap phdt huy vai ttd ddi ngfi tri thftc, tao dilu kifin cho tri thflc ddng gdp tdt nhit vdo su nghifip phdt triln dit nudc.
Gial phap d l phat huy vai tro cua dpi ngu tri thurc
Xdy dittig cdc giai phdp phdt huy vai ttd cfla tri thfle, trudc hdt cdn thuc hifin tdt 5 nhdm nhifim vu CO ban dugc thi hifin diy dfl trong Nghi quydt sd 27-NQ/rW, ngay 8/6/2008 cua Ban Chip hanh Trung uong khda X "Vl xdy dung ddi ngfi tri thflc trong thdi kJ diy manh cfing nghifip hod, hifin dai hoi dit nudc".
tien sT theo khu vflc hoat dong Khu vute hoat dong
Vi6n, Trung tdm NCPT Cg quan hdnh chfnh Bon vj su nghifip Doanh nghiep Phi lgi nhuan
Cdn bd nghlSn cflu
(Ngudn: Sdeh khoa hgc vd Cong nghi Viit Nam nam 2014)
| 2 f l ^ ^ * ctU ^(&' todn ^' Mimn todn Ao tttdna 4/2047
Nghien cihi trao difi
Thit nhat, Hodn thien moi tn^mg vd diiu Hin thudn lai cho hogt ddng cua tri thiic.
Ban hanh, hodn ttiien quy chd, cdc vdn ban quy pham phip ludt vd cdc quy dinh cu ttii, tao dilu kifin vd mdi trudng thuan Igi cho dl tri thflc tu khdng dinh nunh dl,phat triln, edng hidnva dugc xd hdi tfln vinh. Ddng thdi, d l phdt huy quyln tu chu ndng luc vd trdeh nhifim cfla tri thflc ddu ngdnh, cdc nhd khoa hgc vd cdng nghe cd ttinh dd cao, cdc tdng edng trinh su trong dilu hdnh chuyen mfln, nghiep vu, thflc diy boat dflng sdng tao efta tri thftc.
Th& hai. Thuc hien chinh sach trgng dung, dai ngd vd tdn vinh tri thUc
Diy la chinh sdeh quan ttgng cau Dang vd Nha nude, trudc hdt cdn ddi mdi cflng tac can bfl cfla Dang va Nha nudc quy dinh ro trach nhifim cua cdc co quan quan IJ ttong vific tiln cfl, sft dung can bd la tri ttiftc vd ddnh gid dftng sU ddng gdp efta tri thftc; Ban hdnh CO chl, chinh sdeh dl dflng vifin vd tilp tuc sfl dung vl chuyfin mdn, nghifip vu ddi vdi nhihig trf thftc cd ddng gdp thidt thuc, hifiu qua vdo sU nghiep edng nghiep hla, hifin dai hda dit nude va hfli nhdp qude td; Chinh sach thu hftt tdp hgp trf thftc Vifit Nam d trong vd ngoai nudc tich cue tham gia hiln kl, hgp tdc ddo tao, nghifin cftu khoa hgc, chuyin giao cdng nghe mdi,...
Thiiba, Tgo chuyen bien cdn bdn trong ddo tgo, bdi dudng tri thUc
Ddy manh eai each gido due tfl CO ciu he thdng din chucmg trinh, ndi dung, phuong phdp day va hoc, ndng cao chdt lugng va liieu qua dao tao dai hgc; Tang cudng hoat dflng nghifin cflu khoa hoc va chuyen giao cdng nghfi; Gdn dao
tao dai hgc vd sau dai hgc vdi nghidn eflu khoa hgc, vdi san xuit kinh doanh; Xdy dung chinh sdeh vd ke hoach cu the dl phdt Men, ddo tao, bdi dudng tri thflc tte, tii ttiflc ia tri thftc xuit than ttt cfing nhdn, ndng dan, cdn bfl nhiing nguW da cd cdng hidn ttong boat dflng thuc tifin, trf thftc Id ngudi dan tflc thilu sd, vd trf thftc trf thflc nfl.
Thvc tu, De cao track nhiem cua tri th^, cung covd ndng cao chdt luang hogt ddng phdt triin cdc hdi cua tri thiic
Nang cao nhdn thftc cfla cac cip Uy Dang, chuih quyln va Mat ttdn Td qudc vl vi trf, vai ttd ciaa VUSTA, Lifin hidp cdc Hfli Vdn hgc va Nghe thudt. Trong viee vdn dflng, tap hgp, doan kdt ttf thftc d trong nudc vd tri thflc ngudi Vifit Nam d nudc ngodi.
Dac biet, cung cd vd phdt triln, ddi mdi ndi dung, phuong tiiftc hoat dflng cua cdc td chflc thdnh vifin Lifin hifip cdc hfli Khoa hgc va Ky thudt Vifit Nam, Lifin hifip cdc hfli Van hgc, Nghfi thuat Vifit Nam ttt trung uong din co sd, tao mdi tnidng Idnh manh, dl phdt huy ndng luc sdng tao vd ndng cao phim chit dao dflc cfla ddi ngu tri thftc; Hoan thifin co chddl cdc hdi cua tri thftc thuc hifin tdt nhifim vu tu vin, phan bien, gidm dinh xa hdi, tidn tdi gidm sat dflc Idp ddi vdi cdc du an phit triln kinh tl, vdn hda, xa hdi; Cd co che" khuyen khieh cdc hfli cua tri thflc td chftc difin ddn khoa hgc, d l gdp y cho Dang va Nhd nudc nhiing vdh de quan ttgng vl dudng Ifli, ehu truong, chmh sach, phap ludt.
Tao dilu kien de cdc hfli tri thfle thuc hifin cdc dich vu cflng, tiiam gia cdp chflng chi hanh nghe, gidm sat boat dflng nghi nghifip, thuc hien tu chu ve tai ehfnh.
ThU ndm, Ndng cao chat luang cdng tdc lanh dao cua Ddng dii vdi dgi ngu tri thUc
Ndng cao nhan ttiftc cfta cdc cip Uy Dang va chmh quyln vl vai ttd, vi tri quan ttgng cua trf thflc ttong su nghiep cflng nghifip hda, bifin dai hda dit nudc va hfli nhap kinh t l qudc td; Xdc dinh cfing tic trf thftc Id nhiem vu quan trgng thudng xuyen efla cdc cip Uy Dang, chihh quyln cdc cip.
Lam tflt cfing tie tu tudng dl toan xa hfii hilu dung vd dl cao vai ttd cua trf thftc; dl dfli ngu trf thftc nhdn thftc sdu sdc trdeh nhidm cua minh ddi vdi dit nudc, dan tdc, doan kdt phdn diu, lao ddng sing tao, hodn thdnh tdt ttgng trach ttong thdi kJ mdi.
Hinh thanh J thflc va tdm IJ xa hdi, tfin ttgng, tfin vinh trf thftc, coi "Hien tai la nguyfin khf cfla qudc gia", phdt huy truyin thflng 'Tfin su ttgng dao".
Cde cip Uy dang tfl trung uong ddn CO sd, ed ttich nhifim true tidp lanh dao, ehi dao va kilm tta vific thuc hifin chuong trinh, thi chd hoi cic nhifim vu vd giai phdp ttong Nghi quydt thanh edc clmih sdeh, ehd dd, chd tai, quy chl cu thi, dl thuc hifin thdng lgi Nghi quydt nay.D
Tdi lieu tham khdo 1. Nghi quyet sif 27-NQ[TW cua Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang khoa X (6- 8-2008) "ve xdy dung ddi ngu tri thic trong thdi k^ day mgnh cdng nghiip hod, hien dai hod ddt nUdc"
2. Pham Tdt Dong. Dinh hudng phdt tnen ddi ngQ tri thic Viet Nam, TLD D, tr. Ill
3. Bdo cdo ket qud dieu tra lao dong - viec ldm. 01.7.2005 (Bo Lao ddng . TBXH).Hd Ndi 1112005
4. Sach khoa hoc vd cdng nghi Viet Nam nam 2013,2014.
Sa/i c/u ^'t^dn V -'/{iem todn Ac't/idtif 4/2047 \
