Phat huy kha nang Sir dung phu'tfng tien kT thuat trong day hpc

8

^304-2011

^DauvaHpc

Ll L U A N DAY VA HQC

Phat huy kha nang Sir dung

phu'tfng tien kT thuat trong day hpc

NGUYEN DlfC TIEN

He SU Pham - Hpe vien Chinh tri

Ude vao the ky XXI khi nhung tien bp eua khoa hpc cong nghe dang dUde ap dung rpng rai vao ddi song eua con ngUdi, viee Ung dung eae phUPng tien ky thuat tien tien trong day hpc da trd len pho bien va thong dung doi vdi eae nha trUdng hien nay.

Xet ve mat ban chat van de phUdng tien day hpc la tap hdp nhQng thiet bi kT thuat ma ngudi day va ngUdi hpc trUc tiep SL/ dung trong day hpc nham nang cao hieu qua qua trinh day hpc trong nha trUdng. NgUdi day silf dung cac phUdng tien vdi tU each la mot phUdng tien dieu khien hoat dpng nhan thUc, ren luyen ky nang, ky xao cho ngUdi hpe.

Doi vdi ngUdi day va ngUdi hpe day la phUdng tien giup ho tien hanh ed hieu qua viec ITnh hoi kien thUc eua mbn hpc, hinh thanh ky nang, ky xao nghe nghiep trong qua trinh hpe tap. PhUdng tien ky thuat trong day hpe c6 mbi lien he gan bd chat che vdi npi dung va phUdng phap day hpc, de truyen dat va ITnh hbi mot npi dung nao dd ddi hoi phai cd phUdng phap va phUPng tien day hpc tUdng Ung. Do sU phat trien eua khoa hpc cong nghe hien dai phUdng tien day hpc ngay cang dupe hien dai hda, nhat la viee Ung dung edng nghe thbng tin vao trong day hpc va giao due.

Vdi nhieu hinh thuc khae nhau eua phUPng tien ky thuat dupe ap dung vao trong day hoc nhU: phUdng tien nghe nhln, phUdng tien trUc quan, phUdng tien tU hpe... se la trU thu d i e lUc cho ngUdi day va ngUdi hpc trong qua trinh thUe hien nhiem vu giao due, dao tao.

Trong tinh hinh hien nay dUdi sU phat trien nhU vu bao eua khoa hpc cbng nghe da, dang va se la van de Idn dat ra vdi mbi qubc gia trong viee ap dung nhung tien bp khoa hpc ky thuat dd vao trong ITnh vUe giao due, dao tao. NhUng thUc te hien nay tai cac trUdng trung hpc, cao d i n g , dai h p c , trong toan qubc mac du da dUdc ky thuat hda mot so phUdng tien hien dai dung de ap dung vao viec thUc hien ed hieu qua cac npi dung phue vu trong giang day, hpe tap. Dieu dang ban d day dd chinh la so lUdng phUdng tien ky thuat ap dung vao giao due va dao tao thi Idn nhUng viee ap dung va su dung mot each tbi da chuc nang ma cac phUdng tien dd dem lai eon chUa thUe sU cao, Dieu nay phan anh trinh dp tiep can cac phUdng tien ky thuat hien dai dd cbn gap nhieu kho khan do trinh dp nhan thUc, kha nang ehuyen mbn ky thuat, thao tac sU dung cac phUdng tien ky thuat hien dai,..

va mot so bieu hien khae nhU trong van de SL( dung phUPng tien hien dai trong giang bai eua ngudi giao vien hien nay, thi viec SLi dung phUdng tien trinh ehieu powerpoint, phUPng tien truyen thbng, phUdng tien nghe nhin... mdi chi dat tdi sU trUc quan mot each gian ddn trong viec giang day, Viec si/

dung eae phUdng tien true quan trong day hpe muc dich la de minh hoa, cu the hda cac npi dung hpe tap, cd tac dbng trUc tiep len cac giac quan eua ngUdi hpc, giup ho nhan thue hieu qua dUdc nhCfng npi dung trdng day hpc,

Viec phat huy cbng dung eua cac phUdng tien ky thuat trong day hpc la mot van de eon kha mdi me dbi vdi mot sb giao vien va nha trUdng trong van de ap dung phUdng tien ky thuat hien dai trong day hpc. Dbi vdi cac phUdng tien ky thuat ap dung trong day hpe ed rat nhieu loai hinh phudng tien khae nhau. Trong khudn kho thdi lUdng eua bai viet xin di sau vao van de de xuat mot sb giai phat trong viee phat huy kha nang su dung mot sb phUdng tien ky thuat hien dai trong day hpe.

ThU nhat: dbi vdi viec ap dung phUdng tien nghe nhin trong day hpc. Cd the thay r i n g day la phUdng tien hd trd viee day hpc ma muc tieu la phat huy tb't nhat thi giac va thinh giac eua eon ngUdi n h i m nang cao kha nang nhan thUc eua ngUdi hpc. NhUng dang ky thuat nghe nhin nhU:

anh chieu, bang hinh, phim, bang tieng, truyen hinh, dTa CD-ROM, dTa DVD,,, giup che ngUdi hpc dUa dupe "hinh anh

DrnvaBpc

3 0 4-2011

hien thuc" cho Idp hpe. chinh ngUdi day cd trach nhiem khi sU dung nhOng phUdng tien ky thuat hien dai nghe nhin se tao ra trong tri nhd lau dai, gdp phan xay dUng nen y thUc, tao cd sd thuan Idi va khdi sac cho kha nang cam thu va phe phan eua ngUdi hpe.

Trong mot tiet hpc nhat djnh, muc tieu eua viec sU dung cac cbng cu phUdng tien nghe nhin dd la tao cho trf nhd eua ngUdi hpc ed nhOng hinh anh chan thUc, dpng lai trong trf nhd hp mot each lau dai ve nhiJfng hinh anh ma giao vien dem lai trong bai giang eua minh.

Mot la: trong qua trinh scan giao an eua minh trUde khi len Idp ngUdi giao vien mubn sU dung phUdng tien nghe nhin nham tang them tinh sinh dbng va db tiep thu eua ngUdi hpc, thi can lUa ehpn nhufng hinh anh, doan phim xae thUe vdi nhOng npi dung ma ngudi giang mubn nhan manh.

Vf du: trong bai giang ve lich sU. Khi ndi ve van de dau tranh eua quan va dan mibn bac trong cube chien 12 ngay dem thUc hien chien dich "Dien Bien phu tren khbng". Thi dUa nhOng hinh anh tU lieu vb cube chien dau dd lam cho bai giang them sinh dbng va ngUdi hpc de tiep thu hdn trong bai hpc cCia minh.

Hai la: khong nen Idi dung qua nhieu vao cac phUdng tien ky thuat nghe nhin ma lam sao nhang khong gian va mbi trUdng hpc tap dang d i l n ra. Chi sCi dung mot lUdng thbng tin nghe nhln hdp ly lam bo trd cho bai giang eua ngUdi giao vien, vUa giup ngUdi hpc n i m dUde ndi dung vUa tao sU thoai mai trong hpc tap.

ThU hai: db'i vdi viee ap dung cac phUdng tien trUe quan trong hpc tap nhu la: cac hinh anh minh hoa, mb hinh, hpe cu... nen sd dung nhOng hinh anh, mb hinh, hpc cu can mang tfnh nhan van va giao due cao. Khbng nen sU dung eae hinh anh minh hoa, cac hpe eu khbng mang tfnh chat giao due, hoac la tinh minh hpa va giao due khbng cao. Can tranh nhUng hinh anh minh hpa mang tinh chat phan cam...

bdi mot le dUdng nhien nhiJng vf du minh hpa giup cho viee lam bo trd cho bai giang dieu cot yeu can dat dUdc dd la giup ngUdi hpc d l hieu, d i n i m b i t .

Vf du: trong mbn hpc ve van hda va phong tue eua cac dan toe tren lanh tho viet nam ngoai bai giang tren Idp la trang bi he thbng ly luan, thi can phai cd nhufng tiet hpe bb trd bang thUe te true quan, dUa ngUdi hpc di tham quan bao tang ndi luu giU nhOng hien vat dd.

ThU ba: can cd sU dinh hUdng eua giao vien trong viec sCi dung cac mb hinh, hpe eu, va cac phUdng tien ky thuat hien dai trdng tU hpc eua ngUdi day va ngUdi hpc. Nham tranh cac hien tUdng sao nhang. Id la,giam sut y chi phan dau trong qua trinh hpc tap...

Vi du nhU: trong viec sii dung internet trong viec tlm kiem tai lieu, ed rat nhieu cac thbng tin tb't, xau hdn dbn nhau cd trong dd vi vay ngUdi hpe trong qua trlnh tU hpc can cd sU theo doi va hUdng dan eua giao vien de dat dUPc ket qua cao trong qua trinh tU hpc.

NhU vay viec phat huy kha nang sU dung cac phUdng tien ky thuat trong day hpe cbn dat ra nhieu van de can phai cai tien va k h i c phue cho phu hdp vdi tUng db'i tUdng trong giao due, dao tao. De lam tb't dUdc vai trd eua cac phUdng tien ky thuat trong phue vu day hoc thi can ap dung mot each khoa hpc dua vao muc tieu giao due , dad tao 'lay ngUdi hpc lam trung tam eua qua trlnh dao tad'.

Giao due & Dao tao...

• , , , ' .

(Tiep theo trang 6)

tien tien, de lam vi§c cb ky thuat,-cd nang suat va hieu qua cao (yeu cau ve Tai); Cd sUc khoe va the hinh phat trien tb't (yeu cau ve The); Co Ib'i song van hda, biet sang tao va thudng thC/c cai dep mot each lanh manh, biet glCf gin bah sac van hda dan too va tiep thu tinh hoa van hba nh§n loai (yeu cau ve Tham my); Cd kha nang giao tiep linh hosit va dCing d i n , biet Cfng xC/ cd van hda v^ thfeh uing nhanh nhay vdi hoan c^nh de tbn tai, hba nhap \/k giO glh dUdc nhan c^ch eua minh (yeu cau ve Ky nang song).

Nam yeu to cd ban n&y phai phat trien hai hba va d trlnh dp cao, dap Ung vdi yeu cau eua dat nudc trong thdi ky qua dp len CNXH va hda nhap vdi nhjp dieu cija thb gidi van minh!

Coi trong viec dao tao ngubn nhan lUc chat lUdrig cao la mot doi hndi tU duy lanh dao cija Dang, mot dot pha chien lUdc eua sU nghiep each mang nude ta. De dao tao ngubn nhan lUc nay, GD&DT phai cd mot cuoc each mang that s(/ khoa hoc, manh me va toan dien, de trd thanh mot nen GD&DT trung thtjc, khoa hpc va tien tien. Day la mot , he thong van de het sUc to Idn. TrUde het, phai doi mdi ve

tu duy giao due, xae dinh dung va sang rd ve triet ly giao due. Ve van de nay, chung quy la: GD&DT nham nang cao dan dCfc (Tbi bo sung y nay vao CUdng ITnh- 2011, phan ndi ve GD&DT- DND) va dan tri, phat trien nguon nhan Itjc chat lUdng cao, bol dUdng va trong dung nhan tai, gop phan quan trpng xay di/ng nen van hoa va con ngUdi

Viet Nam tien tien, giau ban sac dan toe. Tiep dd, phai dac biet quan tam dao tao va bbi dUdng dpi ngu can bb quan ly cac cap, cac nganh va cac dia phUdng that sU ed dUe, cd tai; bbi dUdng dpi ngu giao vien cb trinh dp cao va nang lUc ehuyen mbn gibi; xay dung npi dung chUdng trinh eae cap hpc, bien scan mdi s i c h giao khoa, giao trinh cd tfnh khoa hpc, tfnh hien dai, tfnh dan toe, tfnh thUe tien va doi mdi phUdng phap day hoe. Ben canh dd la day manh xay dUng cd sd vat chat, bao gbnri: cd ngdi trUdng hpc, trang thiet bj hien dai, thU vien, v. v... Trong cube each mang ve GD&DT, ta lay npi lUe la ehfnh, song can tranh thu va ehpn Ipc cac yeu to ngoai lUc.

DUdi sU lanh dao eua Dang, nganh GD&DT cb trach nhiem chfnh trong viec nang cao chat lUdng ngubn nhan lUe, nhUng vai trd cua xa hbi, gia dinh, tUng tap the lao dbng va cbng dbng dan eU la rat quan trpng. Mbi trUdng xa hpi phai lanh manh va an toan; gia dinh phai gUdng mau; tUng tap the lao dpng va cbng dbng dan eU phai that sU tb't dep, mdi hb trd d i e lUc eho GD&DT nang cao chat lUdng ngubn nhan lUc. NhOng nam qua, vai trd cua cac nhan to nay cbn nhieu han che. Can phai khic phue nhOng yeu kem dd trong nhOng thap nien tdi.

Bao tao ngubn nhan lUc chat lUdng cao, tU do xuat hien nhOng nhan tai dich thUe, dua dat nude phat trien nhanh va ben vijfng, la chu trUdng Idn cua Dang, la y nguyen cua nhan dan, la yeu eau cua thdi dai. Dieu dd phai trd thanh niem khat khao tri thUc, tlnh yeu khoa hpc, trd thanh y thUe tU giac cilia mpi cbng dan, nhat la the he tre. Cb nhu vay, chung ta mdi thUe hien thanh cbng "Chien lUPc Con ngudi"!