PHAT TRIEN NGUON NHAN LUC SO DAPaNGYEUCAUCUAKINHTESO
• TS NGUYEN HAI HOANG Trucmg Dai hoc Cong dodn
• Torn tdt: Cdch mang cong nghiep 4.0 dang thuc day mgnh me qud trinh chuyen doi nen kinh tetii dtia vdo tdi nguyen la chinh sang nen kinh tedUa tren tdi nguyen tri thdc vdi tru cgt la internet vd ky thudt so. Nen kinh tesora ddi thay the nen kinh te truyen thong.
Yl vdy, cdn phdi cd sU thay ddi vied cdu lao dgng md theo do nguon nhdn liic so phdi dUdc chu trgng phdt trien. Bdi viet ldm ro khdi niem, ngi hdm vd dac trUng cda nguon nhdn lUc so; dexudt mgt so gidi phdp phdt trien nguon nhdn bic so d Viet Nam.
• Td khda: nguon nhdn lUc so, chuyen dich cd cdu lao dgng ky nguyen so.
1. Khai niem, dac trung cua nen kinh te so, nguon nhan lire sd
- Kmh tisdvindihamcuand Nenkmhtgsdlamdtnenkuihte dua tten cac cdng nghe ky thudt sd, d dd cac boat dpng kinh te cd sii dung thdng tin sd, tri thuc sd nhu la yeu td san xuat chinh. Su dimg mang mtemet, mang thdng tin lam khdng gian boat ddng, lay dich vu vign thdng va cdng nghe thdng tin (ICT) la ndng edt va ddng luc chinh de tang nang sudt lao ddng, tdi uu hda nen kinh te. Ndi don gidn la ngn kinh tg hgn quan den cdng nghe sd, sii dung cdng nghe sd va dti heu sd dg tao ra nhimg md hinh kinh doartii mdi vd gid tri thdng du sidu ngach eho nen kinh te.
Khtii tg sd Id mdt qua trinh phat trien lau dai, la qud trinh chuyen ddi sd tten binh chen qudc gia d nhung muc do khac nhau, mgi llnh vuc, mgi doanh nghiep, mgi cd nhdn vd Chlnh phu
deu cd the sii dung cdng nghe sd de lam tdt hem cdng viec cua ntinh, thdm chi ed su ddt phd dg dem lai nang suat va hieu qua vupt bac.
Theo nghien ciiu cua nhdm cdng tac kinh tg sd Oxford thi kmh tg sd la "mdt nen kinh tg van hdnh chu yeu dua tten cdng nghe sd", dde biet la cac giao dieh dien tii tign hanh thdng qua in- temet. Kinh tg so bao gdm tdt ca cac linh vuc cua nen kinh te (cdng nghiep, ndng nghiep, dich vu, san xudt, phdn phdi, luu thdng hang hda, giao thdng van tai, logistic, tai chinh ngan hang,...) md cdng nghe sd dugc dp dung.
Kinh te sd vdi nhting dac trung nhu: i) Duac tap hop ttong 3 qua tiinh xtr ly chmh dan xen vdi nhau, bao gdm: xiilyvatHeu, xuly nang lugng vd xii ly thdng tin. Trong dd, xu ly tiidng tin ddng vai ttd quan ttpng nhdt vd cung la hnh vuc dg sd hda nhat. u) Tinb kdt ndi/sigu ket ndi giiia cdc chu the va chu trinh kinh te nhd vdo cac thanh tuu eua
LYLUAN CHINH TRI-So 4/2020
JJ
cdng nghe thdng tin vd intemet giup kgt noi hda cac ngudn luc, luge bd nhidu khau tiomg gian vd tang CO hgi tiep can chudi gia tri toan cau.
Vi vay, cd the dinh nghla;neh kinh tisdla nen kinh tima cacmdhinh tdchuc vaphuangthuc hoat ddng cua nen kinh te dua tren ling dung cdng nghe sd; trong do cdng nghe sd tren nen tang phit triin cua uitemet vi susing tao cua con nguin li tii nguyen va ngudn luc chinh di van hanh toan bd nen kinh ti.
- Ngudn nhin luc sdvi die tnmg cda nd Khdi niem "ngudn nhan luc" (Human Re- soures) dugc hieu nhu khdi niem "ngudn lue con ngudi". Khi duoc su dung rtiiu rapt cdng cu digu hanh, thuc thi chien luge phat trien kinh te - xa hdi, ngudn nhan luc bao gdra bd phdn ddn sd ttong dp mdi lao dpng, ed kha nang lao ddng va nhiing ngudi ngoai dp tudi lao ddng cd tiiam gia lao ddng - hay cdn dupe goi la ngudn lao ddng.
Bp phan cua ngudn lao ddng gdm toan bd nhiing ngudi tii dd mdi lao ddng trd len cd kha ndng va nhu cdu lao ddng dugc ggi Id lue lugng lao ddng.
Ngudn nhdn luc khdng chi don thuan Id luc lugng lao dpng da cd va sg cd, ma cdn bao gdm sue manh cua thd chat, tri tud, tirtii than cua cac ca nhdn trong mdt cdng ddng, mdt qudc gia dugc dem ra hodc cd kha nang dem ra sii dung vao qud trinh phat trign xd hdi.
Xera xet dudi cac gdc do khde nhau cd thg cd nhung khai niera khac nhau ve nguon nhan luc nhung rtiiiing khai mem ndy deu thdng nhat d ndi dung ca ban: nguon nhdn luc Id ngudn cung cap sue lao ddng cho xa hdi. Con ngudi vdd tu each la yeu td cdu thanh luc lugng san xuat gid vi tti hdng dau, la ngudn luc ca ban va ngudn luc vd tan cua su phdt trien khdng the chi duac xem xet don thuan d gdc dd sd lugng hay chat lugng ma la su tdng hpp cua ca sd lugng vd chat
lugng; khdng chi la bd phan dan sd trong dp tudi lao dpng ma la cac the he con ngudi vdi nhting tiem nang, siic manh ttong cai tao tu nhien, cai tao xa hpi.
Vi vay, cd tiie dinh ngbia: Ngudn nhan luc la tdng thi sd luong va chit luang con ngudi vdi tdng hda cic tieu chive tri luc, thiluc va nhimg phim chat dao due - tinh than tao nen ning luc ma ban than con ngudi va xa hdi da, dang va se huy ddng vao qua trinh lao ddng sang tao vi su phat triin vi tien bd xahdi.
Mdi mdt ngn kmh tg ddi hdi can phai cd rapt luc lugng san xuat tuong iing vg trirtii dp eua nd, ddc biet la ngudn r±an luc. Vi vay, tuong ling vdi ngn kinh te sd phai cd ngudn nhan luc sd de tiien khai, td chiic tiiuc hien vd van hanh nd. Cho nen, cd thg hieu ngudn nhan luc sd li tdng ihi sd luang, chat luong con ngim vol tdng hda cic tieu chivitn'luc, thi luc vi nhitig pham chat dao due - tinh thin tao nen nangluc ma ban than con ngudi va nen kinh te so dang va se cin dihuy ddng vao qua tnnh lao ddng, sang tao.
Ngu nhu ban chat cua ne'n kinh te sd Id nen kinh te dua tten iing dung cac cdng nghe sd, nen kinh te phat trien dua tten nen tang tri thiic, d dd vai trd eua tri thuc dugc coi la tai nguygn cho su phat trien cua nen kinh tg thi ddi hdi ngudn nhan luc sd phai la ngudn nhdn lue duoc ddo tao bdi ban, chac ve chuygn radn, vting vg dao due, cd nang luc lam chii cdng nghe, cd tinh sang tao va kha ndng thich iing nhanh vdi su bien ddi eua edng nghe ttong nen kinh td.
Cd the thdy dac tiimg cua ngudn nhan luc sd dugc the hien tten cdc phuong dien nhir
+ Cd ndng luc ldm chu cac titiet bi cdng nghe sd ttong qua trinh tuong tdc cua cac boat ddng kiitii te.
+ Cd kha nang tiiich ung trong tiidi gian nhanh nhat vdi mdi tiudng lao ddng va vdi tien
LVLUAN CHINHTR!-S64/2020
Viet Nam sdn sdng nguon nhdn luc cong nghe cho ky nguyen so _Anh:moit.gov.vn
bd khoa hpc cdng nghe mdi.
+ Cd tac phong ky luat va dao due ttong cdng viec.
+ Cd kha nang tu duy dot phd ttong edng viec, hay edn goi la tinh sang tao. Ddy dugc xem nhu digu kien du vd Id tieu chi dac tnmg cua ngudn nhdn luc sd.
Dg thda mdn cac phuang chen ttdn nhat thigt ddi hdi ngudn nhan luc sd phai dugc ddo tao bai ban vd lign tue dugc dao tao bd sung mdi.
Nhm cdc phuong dien tten phan anh ndi ham ngudn nhan luc sd, chiing ta cd thg so sanh vdd khdi niem ngudn nhdn luc ehat lugng cao dang dugc sii dung phd bign hien nay. Ve ea ban giiia ngudn nhan luc sd va nguon nhan luc chat lupng cao cd su ddng nhdt trgn nhi^u phuong dien trinh dp, ky nang va pham chdt, dao diic. Tuy nhien, xet vg mat ngoai dien hay tinh da sd vg lugng tbi ngudn nhan luc chat lupng cao la nhdm tinh hoa trong thdp bieu dd vg ngudn
nhan luc, hg chigm sd lugng it vd la nhdm tinh hoa ttong tdng sd luc lugng lao dpng xd hdi, cdn ngudn rtiidn luc sd la ngudn nhdn luc ttong nen kinh te sd, la luc lugng chu yeu de trien khai va hien thuc hda nen kinh te sd, quygt dinh su tdn tai cua ngn kinh t€ sd, do do hg la tdng sd luc lucmg lao ddng ttongxa hdi, ddng thdi luc lugng ndy cd ndng luc lam ehu cac thidt bi cdng nghg sd, van hdnh nd ttong qua trinh san xudt kmh doanh va cde boat ddng khac cua ngn kinh te.
Mdi mdt td chiic kinh te dgu can den ngudn nhan lue dac tnmg de van hanh nd, luc lugng san xudt bao gid cung Id eai loi eiia mpt nen kinh tg va quygt dmh nen kinh te dd cd tdn tai hay khdng. Hay ndi each khac giua luc lugng san xuat vdi nen kinh tg, giua ngudn nhan luc vdi nen kinh te cd mdi quan he bien chung quy dinh lan nhau, ttong do su xuat hien cua ngn kinh tg la nguyen nhan quy dirtii su xudt hien cua ngudn nhdn lue vd tiinh dp cua luc lugng
LYLUAN CHI'NH TRj-So 4/2020
Ji
san xuat, cdn chdt lugng ngudn rtiidn luc, trinh dp phdt trign cua luc lugng san xudt quydt dinh dgn su thanh cdng cua td chitc kinh te do.
Trong xu the ngdy nay, dudi su tac ddng cua Cdch mang cdng nghiep 4.0, su chuyen ddi ve md hinh kinh te cua nen kinh te the gidd tir ngn kinh te dua tren tai nguygn sang ndn kinh te dua tten ngn tang tri thiic, thi ngn kinh td Viet Nam hien nay cung dang timg budc chuydn sang nen kinh td dua ttgn ngn tang tri thue vdi tru cdt la cdc thanh tuu ciia Cach mang edng nghiep 4.0 khdng ngiing dugc dp dung - ngn kinh tg so ra ddi, ttmg budc thay thg nen kmh tg tmyen thdng.
Do dd, dg chuygn ddi thdnh cdng nen kinh te Viet Nam sang nen kinh te sd, nhat thigt phdl cd ngudn nhdn luc sd. Chinh vi vdy, song hanh vdd su chuyen ddi nen kinh te sang ngn kinh tg sd d nudc ta la qua trinh chuygn dich ea cdu lao ddng tiong nen kinh te, theo do ngudn nhdn luc sd ngay cang phdt trign ehlem vai ttd chu dao ttong tdng sd luc lugng lao ddng xd hdi. Cho nen, vide phat trign ngudn nhdn luc sd la tat yeu ttong qua trirtii ehuyen dich ca cdu lao ddng d Viet Nam hien nay.
2. Mot so giai phap phat trien nguon nhan luc sd o* Viet Nam hien nay
Thu nhat, phat huy vai trd cua Chinh phu trong phit triin nen kmh tisd
Chirtii phu ddng vai ttd dan dat, tao co che, mdi tmdng thuc day hoat ddng chuyen ddi sd cda toan xa hdi ldm xuat hien xa hdi sd. De thuc hien dugc vai ttd nay ddi hoi Chmh phu can tap trung lam tdt nhung vdn de sau:
- Chinh phu can day manh ban nua viec ddi mdi md hinh va each thuc dp dung cdng nghe sd trong quan ly mpi mat cua ddd song kinh te, xa hdi; tung budc xay dung hoan thien vd chuygn ddi mpi hoat ddng quan ly cua Chinh
phu sang Chinh phu dien tu tten nen tang cdng nghe sd. He thdng dich vu cdng duac cung cap true tuygn se bien mpi cdng dan thanh edng dan dien tu, mpi doanh nghiep tiianh doanh nghigp dien hi. Tung bude bien tiiuc hda quyet tam xay dung Chhih phu kidn tao, phat ttien, ligm ehinh, hanh ddng, phuc vu ngudd dan, doanh nghigp, nhdt la ttong bdi canh Cach mang cdng nghiep 4.0; hodn thien ngn tang cho phat trien Chinh phu dien tu hudng tdi Chlnh phu sd. Hien nay, Chinh phu Viet Nam dang tieh cue thuc ddy su phat ttign kinh te sd thdng qua mdt loat cac co chg, ehinh sach, hoat dgng chuyen ddi sd cua Chinb phu, nhu: Nghi Quyet 36a/NQ-CP cua Thu mdng Chinh phu ve Chinli phu dien tu, bao gdm 3 hang rauc ehinh: phat trign dich vu cdng true tuyen, ha tang vifin thdng, vd ngudn nhan luc, vdi muc tieu "day raanh phat trign Chinh phu dien tii, ndng cao chdt lupng, hidu qua hoat ddng cua cdc co quan nha nudc, phuc vu ngudd dan va doanh nghigp ngdy cdng tdt hon; nang vi tti cua Viet Nam ve Chinh phu dien tii theo xgp hang cua Lien Hgp qudc; cdng khai minh bach hoat ddng cua eac CO quan rtiia nudc tren mdi tmdng mang". Dae biet, chii tmcmg ndy da dugc cung cd thgm bdi Chi till sd IG/CT-TTg eua Thu mdng Chinh phu vd tang cudng tidp can cudc Cach mang cdng nghiep ldn thii tu. Theo bdo cao cua Lidn Hop qudc ve Chi sd Chirtii phu dien tii 2018, Viet Nam da tang 11 bdc de xdp tiiu 88 ttong sd 193 qudc gia va vung Idnh thd vg xep hang chi sd phat trien Chinh phii dien td (EGDI). Trong nhdm cac nudc ASEAN, Vidt Nam la mot trong mudi qude gia dd nhay vgt tii EGDI miic tmng binh den muc cao, xgp tiui 6 sau Xinhgapo, Malabda, Phtiipphi, Thai Lan vd Bmnay. Tuy dd cd su thay ddi vg vi tri va thii hang, danh dau qua trinh chuygn ddi ciia Chinh phii sang
LYLUAN CHfNHTR!-So4/2020
Chinh phu dien tu va Chinh phu sd nhung thii hang dd vdn khiem tdn, dac biet ttong qua trinh thuc hien chuyen ddi, "ket qua trign khai nhieu nhiem vu ve Chinh phu dien tii cdn rdt eham va nhieu nod thuc hien mang tinh hinh thuc"'^'. Vi vdy, ttong thdd gian tdd, nhdm thuc day kinh te sd, Chinh phu can quyet het ban nua ttong viec thuc hien cac nhiera vu, cac hang muc iing dung cdng nghe cua cudc Cach mang cdng nghiep 4.0 tidn tdi xay dung Chinh phu dien tu thanh cdng va ehuygn sang Chlnh phu sd trong mgi boat ddng eua minh.
- Day nhanh viec xay dung, hodn thien the che, tao co sd phdp ly eho viec trien khai xdy dung va phat trien Chinh phu dien td hudng tdi Chinh phu sd. Qua trhih xay dung Cbinh phu dien tu d cac nudc phdt trign dd minh chiing dg xdy dung thdnh cdng Chinh phu dien tu hudng tdi Chinh phii sd thi ngn tang thg che Chinh phu dien tii, Chinh phu sd phai di trudc, ddy ehinh la mdt trong nhiing tru cdt quan trpng dg xay dung ngn kinh tg sd, xd hdi sd. Ddi chieu vdo Viet Nam thi ehiing ta cdn thidu nhieu quy dinh vd chinh sach, "dac biet, chung ta cdn thieu khung phap ly ddng bd vg xay dung Chinh phu dien tii, thigu quy dirtii cu the ve xae thuc ca rtiian, td chue trong cac giao dich dien tu cting nhu cdc quy dinh phdp ly ve vdn thu, luu trii dien tu"'^'. Do vay, trong thdi gian tdi, Chinh phu can ban hanh chidn luge qude gia ve kinh td sd, xd hdi sd; chinh sach vg chuygn ddi tu Chinh phii dign tii sang Chinh phu sd, bao gdm quy dinh ve: chia se du lieu, bao ve du heu ed nhdn vd bao dam quygn rieng tu cua ca nhan, xac thuc dien tu, an toan thdng tin, chg dp bao cdo gitia eac co quan hdnh chinh nhd nudc, dau tu ling dung cdng nghe thdng tin phu hpp vdd dac thu cua hnh vuc nay trong tinh hinh mdi;
cdc dich vu, chirtii sdch vg: dao tao nhdn luc sd.
ddu tu kinh doanh sd, chu quyen sd vd sdhim tri tug; de xudt xdy dung be thdng hanh lang phdp ly phat tiien Chinh phu dien td, Chinh phii sd.
- Chinh phu tich cue xay dung va sdm hoan thien co sd ha tang, dich vu sd, bao gdm ha tdng cung va raang ludi vlln thdng lara nen tang de tao ra ha tang mem la dieh vu sd gidp tdi uu cdc boat d5ng cua ngn kinh te; day maitii hon nua tdc do xdy dung he thdng ca sd du heu qude gia va tri thuc md. Du lieu qudc gia dugc coi nhu Id nhien ligu cua nen kinh tg, tuy nhien hien nay cac ca sd dii lieu qudc gia vg ndng nghigp, tai chinh, ddn cu, quan ly dat dai...
chua dugc thuc hien hoan thien va chi mdi d giai doan dau, cac kgt ndi du heu gida cdc bd, nganh chua hgn thong.
- Ndng cao rtiidn tinic toan xd hdi vl ngn khtii tg sd. He thdng co quan bao chi, tmyen thdng can thdng tin thudng xuyen, ddy du ve nen kinh td sd tdi doanh nghiep, ngudi dan va toan xa hdi, tu dd hinh thanh tam the chu ddng thich dngxu hudng phat tridn nay. Trong cdng tdc thdng tin can lam rd ttach nhiem va vai ttd eiia Chinh phu, doanh nghigp va ngudi ddn ttong ngn kinh tg sd.
Thuhai, phat huy vai trd chu ddng, tich cue cua cic doanh nghiep trong qui trinh tiip can va chuyin ddi so
Thdnh cdng cua he thdng cac doanh nghiep ttong qud trinh tigp can va chuyen ddi sola nhan td tmng tdm quygt dinh su thdnh edng cua qua ttinh chuyen ddi ndn kirtii tg sd. Theo khao sat cua Bd Cdng Thuong ve tinh sdn sang irng dung Cach mang cdng nghiep 4.0 ttong boat ddng sdn xudt kinh doartii eua doanh nghiep edng nghiep, mac du nganh cdng nghiep da cd mgt sd doanh nghigp tien phong (ttong cdc linh vuc nhu dau khi, dien...) chuan bi sdn sang ung phd vdi su thay ddi cua cdng nghe, nhung vdn cd tdi 82%
LfLUAN CHfNHTR!-So4/2020
M
doanh nghiep dang dvi tri mdi nhap cudc, ttong do 61% cdn tiling ngoai cudc va 21% doanh nghiep bdt ddu cd cac hoat ddng chuan bi ban ddu. Chuyen ddi sd trong ngdnh cdng nghiep nhdm xdy dung ngn san xudt thdng minh dugc danh gid la dpng luc quan ttpng cua phdt trien kmh tg sd. Tuy nhidn, 16/17 ngdnh dugc khao sdt deu dang cd miic sdn sdng thdp. Cac doanh nghiep d khdi thuong mai va dieh vu duge ddrJi gia cd trinh do tigp can cdng nghg sd va tinh sdn sang cao hon. Doanh nghiep ttong cae linh vue ngdn hang, tdi chinh, logistics, du lich, bao higm da vd dang iing dung martii cdng nghe sd ttong hien dai hda quy trinh kinh doanh. Theo nghien Cliu cua WEF ttong khudn khd "Sdng kien chuyen ddi sd - DTI", 7 cdng nghe dang vd se thay ddi ngn san xuat ciia the gidd bao gdm: Tri tu? nhan tao (AI); xe tu lai; phan tich dtr heu ldn va dign todn dam raay; cdng nghe in 3D; Intemet vgn vat va ede thiet bi ket ndi; rd -bdt; va mang xa hdi. Cac cdng nghe nay hien dang duge cdc doanh nghiep nghien ciiu vd bdt ddu dua vao ling dung tai Viet Nam.
Qua trinh thue hien sd hda nen kinh tdld rapt cupc each mang vg chinh sdch nhigu ban la rapt cudc each mang ve cdng nghe. Do vay, can ung hp, khuygn khich cdc md hinh kmh doanh mdd, cac edng nghe mdi lara thay ddi can ban cac nganh, va thuc day su sang tao. Dudi gdc nhin kinh te sd thi doanh nghiep la khdu dot phd, do vdy doartii nghiep can tap trung vao chuyen ddi sd dg ttd thanh doanh nghiep sd; Chinh phu tap tmng xay dung mdi tmdng phdp ly cho phep eac md hinh kinh doanh mdd iing dung cdng nghe mdi, sang tao, ddng thdi tao khdng gian thu nghigm di ddi vdi hd trg doanh nghidp dd phat trien ngn kirtii tg sd.
Thuc day phong ttao khdi nghigp ndi chung vd hudng manh vdo phat ttign phong ttdo khdi
nghigp ddi vdi md hhih khtii doanh sd eua doanh nghigp.
Thuba, xay dung nen giio due cua nen kinh tisdvaxahoisd
Theo dd, cdn gdn chidn luge phat trien giao due - ddo tao vdi chidn luge phat ttien ngudn nhdn luc vd ehien luge phdt trien khih te - xd hdi ttgn ca hai phuang dien \a md va vi mo. Cd nhu vay radi tao ra su hda nhap gitia cung rtiidn luc vdi cau rtiian luc sd cua nen kinh te, thi tiudng lao ddng ca ve trinh dp hpc van, trinh dp ehuygn mdn ky thudt, eo cau nhdn luc va nang luc, pham chat.
Vdd ddc tnmg cua ngudn nhan luc sd ddi hdi viec ddo tao ngudn nhan luc cdn phai ddi mdi ca md hinh va co cdu, thay ddi tu duy tix chi can hpc mdt ldn de lam viee sudt ddd sang hpc sudt ddd mdi du kha nang lam viec sudt ddd. Ve ca cdu ddo tao ngdnh nghe dugc digu chinh va thay ddi tren ca sd yeu eau cua nen kinh tg sd, trong dd chd trgng dao tao ngudn nhdn luc cdng nghe thdng tin. Chuong trinh dao tao nhdn luc cdng nghe thdng tin cdn hudng den day nhanh xd hpi hda gido due cdng nghe thdng tin, ddc biet la cap nhdt gido tiirtii dao tao cdng nghe thdng tin gdn vdi cac xu the cdng nghe mdi nhu Intemet ket ndi van vdt (Intemet of Thmgs - loT), AI, cdng nghe robot, tao dieu kien cho hpc sinh, sirtii vign tiep can linh virc nay tii sdm;
day manh lien ket ddo tao va thue hdnh gitra cac trudng va khu vuc doanh nghiep trong ung dung cdng nghe thdng tm.
Chinh phu can tao ra chinh sdch dieu chmh an sinh xa hdi vd dao tao ngudn nhdn luc, thuc hien cdc sang kign ve giao due va ha tang cdng nghe thdng tin, xay dung cdc ke hoach hartii ddng phat trign intemet ket hgp vdi tii me nhdn tao; phat ddng chidn luge con ngudi Viet Nam vdi cdng nghiep 4.0, ttong do sii dung con ngudi
LYLUANCHfNHTR!-S64/2020
ldm cdt loi. Vdi eac phuong hudng chinh la cdng nghe Big Data, nen tang he thdng mang, m' me nhdn tao va thuc hien ddu tu nghign ciiu cdc du an kboa hpe ttgng diem, cac dai hpe, tmng tdm nghien ciiu phdi hop chat che vdi cac doanh nghigp dg dua cac du dn vdo iing dung trong thuc tign.
Can cd chuang trinh tmygn thdng vd giao due sdu rdng vg intemet de ndng cao nhan thuc va ky ndng cua ngudd dimg. Cac chuang trinh gido due cdn rd sodt dg cap nhdt vd gido due cho tte em ve intemet ngay tu ttong cac cap hpc phd thdng.
Nghign cifu thay ddi ndi dung, phuong phap dao tao nhdm xay dung ngudn nhdn luc cd kha nang tigp nhan cac xu thg cdng nghe san xuat mdi; tap trung vdo thue day ddo tao ve kboa hge, cdng nghe, ky thudt va toan hpc (STEM), ngoai ngu, tin hgc; xdy dung chuong trinh ddo tao, ddo tao lai kien thiic nghe nghiep; cung cap kha nang tu hgc tap mdt each llitii boat, phu hgp ddi vdi tiing td chuc, ca nhan. Xdy dung he sinh thai vdd su hen ket, chuygn giao ba bgn giiia doanh nghigp, nha tmdng vd ngudd hgc nham dap iing nhu cau ddo tao ve ky thuat, cdng nghe cung nhu dap ling nhu cdu hge tap, cap nhat cdng nghe cho cde lua mdi.
Phat huy ndi luc cac tmdng dai hpc trong nudc kdt hgp vdi cae vien nghign cuu, dai hgc, tnmg tam nghien ciru ldn tten the gidi vg nen tang cdng nghe, ky thuat so rtiidm xay dung he thdng dai hpc thdng minh va tiing budc binh thdnh cde tnmg tam nghien ciiu ve khoa hpe cdng nghe, ky thuat sd hang ddu ttong khu vuc va ttgn thg gidi.
OViet Nam hien nay, tigm ndng cho su phdt tridn ngudn nhdn luc sd Id rat ldn. Tuy nhien, dg cd thg sd hiru dugc ngudn nhdn luc sd ddi hdi can phai thuc hien tam giac phdt trign ngudn rtiidn lue so bao gdm: vai ttd then chdt, dan ddt
cua Chinh phu ve cachg, chmh sach, moi tnidng cho su phdt trien cong nghe sd; nhan td tnmg tam eua doanh nghiep ttong boat ddng dau tu, ehuyen ddi va thich ung vdi cdng nghe sd d mgi boat ddng san xuat, kirtii doanh, dich vu; cac co sd dao tao vd bdn than mdi mdt ngudn nhan luc can thudng xuyen chu ddng, hda nhap, cd ndng luc lam chu cdc cdng nghe sd va nhanh chdng thich ung vdi su bien ddi cua cdng nghe. Trong dd, vai ttd dgn phong tao ddng luc thudc vg Chlnh phu •
(1) Xay dung Chinh phu dien tu hudng tdi Chinh phu sd va nin kinh ti sd a Viet Nam, https://www.most.gov.vn.
(2) Quan ly nha nudc uong nen kinh ti so, http://tapchitaichinh.vn.
Tai lieu tham khao:
1. Hoc vien Chinh tri qudc gia Hd Chi Minh: Cach mang cong nghiep lin thututhdicava thach thdc ddi vdi Viet Nam, Nxb Ly ludn chinb tri, Hd Noi, 2017.
2. Nguygn Thi Que Anh - Vu Cdng Giao - Vu Ngoc Anh - Nguygn Thi Minh Ha: Chinh phii ma, Chinh phu dien tu va quan tri nha nudc hien dai, Nxb Hdng Diic, 2019.
3. Tran Thi Hdng, Nguygn Thi Minh Hign: Quan ly nha nuac Uong nen kinh tisd. Tap chi Lyluan chinh ui, sd 6 -2019, tt.15-23.
4. Vien Nghien ciiu Quan ly kinh tg Trung uong - Trung tam tiiong tin tu Keu (2018), Chuyen de sd 5, Phat tiiin nen kinh tisd: Kinh nghiem cua Trung Qudc vaham y cbinh sach ddi vdi VietNam.
5. Vien Nghien cuu Quan ly kinh tg Trung irong - Trung tam thong tin tulieu (2018), Chuyen dg so 4, Phat trien nen kinh tisd nhm tdkinh nghiem mdt so nudc chau A va ham y ddi vdi VietNam.
LYLUANCHfNH TRI-So 4/2020
