KHOA HOC - XA HOI |
P H A T H u y u A B A O T 5 W U A K H O A K G A y T £ T
6 C A C X A V U N G R O O N , H U Y E N Q U A N G T R A C H , T I N H Q U A N G B I N H
TRAN T H I H 6 N G DUYfeN
6 k h a p noi tren dat nuac Viet Nam, noi nao cung co phong tuc, nhirng net van hoa rieng mang tinh dac sic cua vung. Nhat la m6i d§ Xuan ve, 6 lang que Viet Nam noi nao cung to chuc le hoi don Tet;
du la phong tuc cua vung hay nhirng tro choi dan gian deu voi muc dich giu gin ban sac van hoa, cung co tinh doan ket cong dong. Tuy nhien, trong nhung nam gan day, khi ma nen kinh te phat trien, keo theo la su phat trien toan dien tren cac mat cua doi song xa hoi, cung voi qua trinh hoi nhap van hoa "ngoai" thi gio day van hoa ban dia ngay cang bi mai mot d i n trong tam tri moi nguoi, nhit la the he tre - The he tru cot cua nuoc nha.
Nam Mao sap den, nguoi nguoi, nha nha deu chuan bi nhirng thu can thiet phuc vu cho ngay Tet. Nguoi lan thi tham hoi, chuc Tet ho hang lang xom. Tre con thi duoc mac ao quan mdi, co tien l i xi. Con thanh nien thi duoc gap lai ban be, cung tray hpi du xuan, cung tham gia tro choi que minh.
"Rodn" cai ten gpi khong xa la doi vai ngudi dan tinh Quang Binh. Vung Rodn bao gom 9 xa thupc huyen Quang Trach, tinh Quang Binh. Day la noi cd nhieu phong tuc truyen thong, le hpi dan gian, nhit la trong nhirng ngay l l tet.
Khdng khi Tet mdi luc cang den gin, chung ta de bat gap khdng khi do ddn tu r i t sdm, nhat la trong cac phien cho, cung vdi do le hpi
ngay tet cung duoc td chuc thudng nien khi Tet den Xuan ve.
Rodn gid day cd r i t nhieu doi moi, khdng con nhieu nhung ngoi nha cap bon co kinh, thay vao do la nhieu can nha cao tang. Cdng lang trudc kia la hai bui tre Ion thi gid day cung d vj tri dd, cai cong lang duprc dau tu xay dung rit hoanh trang, khong nhirng a lang que nay ma cac xa gan ben cung vay. Qua trinh dd thi hoi da den vdi nhirng mien que nong thon d Vipt Nam, va rdi hinh anh, bieu tuong cua lang que la cay da, ben nude san dinh gid chi con trong sach vd, chi con trong tiem thtic ma thoi.
Co le sir thay ddi ay la su van dpng t i t yeu khach quan khi ma dat nude ngay cang phat trien. Nhung cung vdi sy thay ddi ve mat vat chat thi phuang dien van hoa cung d i n thay ddi theo. Ngudi ta luprc bd nhung net truyen thdng cua que huong trong ngay Tet, lang quen di nhiing gia tri van hoa va thay vao do la nhirng trd choi vua "tan" vua "cd". Nhirng may thay nhung phong tuc dam net van hoa, tinh truyen thdng dac trung cua vung thi van ton tai va phat trien.
Vao nhirng ngay Tet, ngudi dan vung Rodn thudng td chtic nhidu le hpi, tro choi truydn thong dac trung cua vung minh, tuy theo dieu kipn, dac didm dd cac xa ty td chtic, ching han nhu tuc " L i y lira dem giao thira" (d xa Canh Duong, Quang Phu), hay tuc "Xin lpc" d ddn thd Cdng Chtia L i i u Hanh d xa Quang
TH6NG TIN KHOA HOC-COWO MGHt-Oa 3
S o l 2011
KHOA HOC - XA HOI Dong. Ngoai nhung tro choi ve The due the
thao - van hoa van nghe con co nhiing tro choi dan gian truyen thong nhu: hoi thi "Com thi com Can", Hpi co xuan (cd tudng), du quay, keo co...
Dd la qua trinh chuan bi va td chuc rat chat che, chang han nhu hdi thi "Com thi com c i n " d xa Canh Duong, Quang Phu duoc dien ra nhu sau:
Hpi thi cam thi cam can
Hpi thi com thi com can co nguon gdc tir cudc hanh quan than tdc cua quan Tay Son, tieu diet 20 van quan Man Thanh vao mua xuan K y Dau(1878).
Hdi thi duoc to chtic vao mpt trong 3 ngay Tet, hiy theo tinh hinh cua dia phuong, cuoc thi tai hien lai cupc hanh quan than tdc cua dpi quan Tay Son. Ndi dung cua hdi thi duoc tien hanh nhu sau. Mdi thdn cu ra mdt dpi gdm 3 ngudi (2 nam, 1 nu). Hai ngudi nam thi ganh tren vai 1 chiec nieu (ndi nau com), cdn ngudi con gai thi thdi lua, nhung dieu thu vi d day la phai di chu khdng duoc dung mpt chd. Cd le ai nhin vao cupc thi vdi each thtic td chtic nau nieu com binh thudng trong hoan canh khdng binh thudng da gay cho ngudi xem nhieu hung thu.
Thieu lua, phai cp lua tti 2 thanh tre do mpt tay lao luyen cua ngudi phu nu trong nghe sdng nude.
Thieu nude thi phai di lay nude d gieng cua lang tti 2 chiec dTa (tuc xua).
Cac dpi thi cu the ma di theo vdng trdn, vua di vua nau, anh duoc bap bung, can nieu chao dao, chdng chieng thdi thuc, dan chung reo hd, lam cho hdi thi trd nen soi ddng, nao nhiet.
Hpi thi "com thi com can" da trd thanh mpt hpi choi truyen thdng cua ngudi dan noi day.
Neu chi nhin ben ngoai, thoang qua thi chting ta chi thay rat binh thudng, nhung dd la net van hda, cai dep dang an minh trong nghe thuat cua
ngudi choi. Cai dep ky d i u tien the hien trong sy vat va cua ddi quan Tay Son, vua di vua an sao cho kip thdi gian vdi phuong cham "Thuc hie, binh cudng, tien nhanh danh nhanh". Tiep sau do, chung ta lien tudng ngay su dam dang cua ngudi phu nu, vat va khd khan khi hang ngay bdn ba kiem sdng, tdi ve tiep tuc lam nghTa vu cua mpt ngudi vo, ngudi me trong gia dinh.
Cai dep trong hdi choi la ca mQt gia tri tinh than het stic to ldn va la niem ty hao cua ngudi dan mien chai ludi.
Hpi cor dau Xuan
Tren moi lang que Viet Nam, cd biet bao dieu ky la va hap dan quanh tuc le don Xuan. Du co khac nhau d tung dan toe, song nhung tuc le do deu toat len udc vong mong mudn mpt nam mdi nhieu hanh phuc va may man cho moi ngudi.
Hdi co Xuan d cac xa vung Rodn nam nao cung cd, duoc td chtic trong 3 ngay Tdt va da trd thanh "tuc lp" cua lang, luc do khach thap phuong nd ntic do ve cung nhau dau tri. Ngudi dan lai gap dip "triy hpi du xuan", "Co ngudi"
la mot trd choi co truyen hap din.
Tir giap Tet, cung vdi khong khi chuan bi
"an Tet" vui Xuan, nhung gia dinh co con trai, con gai dupe lang chon ngoi cd lai ban ron mua sam ao quan trang diem, ai cung cd tao cho minh mpt net dep rieng sao cho noi bat nhat hpi cd.
Con trai thi quan xanh ao trang, con gai thi ao dai trang tinh khdi. Dupe ngoi cd la mpt vinh hanh, ngudi choi cd cung nao nuc khdng kem, mdi ngudi khdng hen nhau ma ty den tranh tai. Sy hap dan cua hpi cd la su gap go nhiing trai, gai thanh lich cua lang. Cai dep dung nhan, cai dep nhan each, cai dep tri tue da tao cho ban cd mot guong mat rieng, vira dan da, t r i m tinh ma vira dn ao luc choi cd khi nghe trdng due, hay tieng keng lam phan tam ngudi choi, su tinh lang ma sung suong hdi hop khi nghe cdng bd ket qua.
2011 LK^
THONG nN
KHOA HOC - CONG NGH^ - OB
KHOA HOC • XA HOI
Nguoi dan quan niem thang thua trong dau co la k i t qua ciia qua trinh luyen tap lau dai, thu tri, la dieu may man trong nam. Neu thang co thi trong nam se luon chien thing, lam gi cung thing loi, chinh v i vay da tao nen tinh cang thang, tao dung cai dep trong chien thuat cua ngudi choi cd. Mpt truyen thong co the duoc xem la dep khi tinh toan ven cu the duprc con ngudi tiep nhan, chung hien dipn nhu nhung gia tri xa hpi, tuc nhirng gia tri the hien sir khang dinh con ngudi trong the gidi, chung td su md rpng gioi han tu do cua xa hpi va con ngudi, thuc day su phat trien hai hda ve nhan each, su nay sinh va bdc Id ngay cang day du nhung sue manh ve nang lire cua con nguoi.
Neu cudc sdng thudng nhat day t i t bat khdng cho ngudi ta nhieu thdi gian de chu y tdi no thi "den hen lai len", moi dp xuan sang, nhirng udc vong, niem tin ve mpt khdi dau tdt dep, may man vao nam mdi lai dua moi ngudi tim ve vdi nhirng phong tuc tet truydn thdng.
Theo thoi gian, cd nhung phong tuc v i n duprc
luu giii den ngay nay, cd nhung phong tuc da bi thay ddi hoac bidn mat cung su phat trien cua ddi song xa hoi nhung ngay Tet dn lai phong tuc ddn tet dudng nhu da trd thanh "mpt phan tit yeu".
Trai qua tidn trinh lich su, phong tuc tap quan do hinh thanh nhung dac trung co ban, khang dinh nhirng gia tri van hda, nhan van cua con ngudi, hudng con ngudi vuon tdi udc mo, nhung dieu tdt lanh... Va tren het la gdp phan xay dap nhung tu tudng, tinh cam tdt dpp trong cpng dong langxa.
Do vay, chting ta khong nhiing duy tri ma con phat huy nhirng gia tri cua phong tuc r4p quan ay. Muon lam dupe dieu do, trudc het mpi ngudi can co tinh than trach nhiem, y thtic ty giac de giu gin, luu truyen cho cac the hp. Dong thdi hang nam deu to chtic cac le hdi mang tinh truyen thong, mpt phan khong de mai mpt, phan khac nham giao due con chau nhirng gia tri tinh than ma cha ong da day cong xay dung.
T.T.H.D
. (Tiep theo trang 83)
> pham vi hep va trong pham vi rpng. Trir ngoai lp dac bipt do kieng kj thi vipc ndi chpch am ni la r i t phd bien, nd trd thanh tidng dia phuong trong mdi vung mien.
Phan biet theo each tren cd thd nit ra mdt van de va khang dinh rang, d dau cd nhidu ngudi Kinh thich ca hat va cd cac lan dipu dan ca thi d do ngudi ta ndi rd am hi rit tdt hoac trai lai, d dau cd nhieu ngudi thich ca hat thi do la trung tam van hoa, noi ro va dung am hi.
O mien Bac, nhieu tinh Ddng bing Bic Bp (Hai Phong, Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, Bic Ninh, Bac Giang...). Hoac cac vung giua huypn Le Thuy cua tinh Quang Binh nhu Phong Thuy, Lpc
Thuy, Lien Thuy, Hdng Thuy, Thanh Thuy, thj tran Kien Giang, cac xa vung giua huypn Quang Ninh nhu Tan Ninh, Luong Ninh, Xuan Ninh, Hien Ninh, VTnh Ninh.
0" Ddng Hdi nhu Bao Ninh, Lpc Ninh, Ly Ninh, Dtic Ninh, NghTa Ninh...
6" Bd Trach nhu Trung Trach, Dai Trach, Thanh Trach, Phu Trach...
6" Quang Trach nhu Quang Thanh, Quang Thuan, Quang Long, Ba Don...
Bdi trong ngdn ngu Vipt Nam, d cac vung mien nhin dan thich ca hat, hd ve, san sinh nhieu dieu dan ca, thi d dd rat hiem cd trudng hpp ndi chech am tir.
P.T.T THONG TIN
I KHOA HOC • CONG MOKE - QB So 1 2011
