KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H O Y TAP XX S 6 1 • 2013
NGHIEN curu DICH it AU TRUNG SAN LA TRUYEN LAY QUA CA CH£P GIONG (Cypplnus cappio) THEO MUA
Kim Vdn Kfrn vd Nguyin Vdn Thg Tnt&ng DH Nong nghiip Hd Ngi
T6M TAT
Cd chip gilng hdng ndm thudng dugc sdn xudt 2 vy (cd chinh vy vd cd d6 tdi phdt) cd nhieu nguy CO nhilm du trdng sdn truyin Idy. Bh dilu tra tinh hinh djch tl chiing tdi dd tiln hdnh thu mau 54 Ian vdi 1536 cd chip gilng (cd 10,55 ± 1.51 g/con) tCr 6 h | thing, trong dd cd 37 ldn vdi 1070 mau thu trong vy xudn-h6, 17 ldn vdi 466 mau thu trong vy thu-ddng d l kilm tra du titng sdn (ATS) bdng phuang phdp tifiu co . Kit qud cho thdy ty 1§ nhiem (TLN) tmng binh Id 23,89% vd cudng dO nhilm (CDN) 6,9 ATS/cd. Uxmg ddTLN vd CDN trong vy xudn - hi (26,64%; 7,68 ATS/cd) cao hon trong vy thu-ddng (17.60%; 4.05 ATS/cd). TLN vd CDN d h | tiling nudi kit hgp vd cd trong ty nhien cao hon h§ thong nudi cdng nghiep vd sii dyng nudc xd khi sinh hgc. Cd 3 lodi sdn Id ruOt nhd: Centrocestus formosanus, Haplorchis pumUio, H.taichui vd m^t lodi sdn Id gan nhd Clonorchis sinensis dd dugc
tim thdy uong cd chip giong, trong dd C.formosanus gdy kinh mang vd H.pumilio Id 2 lodi nhilm vdi ty l§ vd eudng dO cao (19,47 - 19,53%; 3,82 - 3,93 ATS/cd).
Tir khoa: Cd chip gilng, Au trung sdn, Ty l§ nhiem, Cudng dp nhiem, Miia vy.
Study on epidemiology of zoonotic metacercaria in flngerling common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) via aquaculture seasons
Kim Van Van and Nguyen Van Tho
SUMMARY
Fingerling fish quality in aquaculture vi/as concemed by fisheries, specific common carp, a traditional species was raised in fresh water was more likely to transmit zoonotic metacercaria. To Investigate the epidemiological situation we have carried into 1536 fingerling common carp samples at size of 10,55 ± 1,51 g/flsh collected from 54 waterbodles (ponds, canals, rivers, rice-fiekJs) in 6 aquaculture systems (Integrated fIsh-pIg; fish-duck, rice-fish, btoslurry, Intensive culture and natural systems) In two seasons (1070 fish samples In Spring-Summer and 466 fish samples In Autumn - Winter) to test metacercaria by digest tissue method and the result shown that averaged prevalence was 23.89% and Intensity of Infection was 6.9 metacercaria/flsh. High prevalance & Intensity metacercaria of fingeriing common carp were found in Spring-Summer (26.64%; 7.68 metacercaria/
fish) than In Autumn - Winter (17.60%; 4.05 metacercaria/flsh). Might Intensity occurred In natural and Integrated systems, low prevalence intensity were found in btoslurry and Intensive culture systems. Three metacercaria species of small Intestine flukes and one metacercaria species of liver fluke were found as Centrocestus fotmosanus, Haplotchis pumilio, H./aichu/and Cbnorchis sinetJsis In fingeriing common carp. During metacercaria of C.formosanus caused opened gill disease in fry and fingerling fish. Two metacercaria species of C.tonnosanus and H.pumilo were found with high prevalence and intensity {19.47 -19.53%; 3.82 - 3.93 metacercaria/flsh).
Key words; Aquaculture systems, Epidemiology, Fry common carp, Metacercaria, Seasons
KHOA HQC KY THUAT T H O Y TAP XX S 6 I - 2013
l . D ^ T V A N D E
Cd chip Id mOt dii tugng cd nudi nudc ngpt tmyen thong dugc nhilu ngudi ua chuang do cd cd chat lugng thit tham ngon, ngogi hinh d^p, thich nghi rgng vdi nhieu logi hinh tiiuy vyc.
Trong ndm, cd chip giong thudng dugc sdn xudt 2 vy (vy sdn xudt chinh Id vy xuan - he, vy thu - ddng cd giong dugc sdn xuat tir ed de tdi phdt). Song ddc tinh sinh hpc ciia cd chip ciing gdy tiem dn mdi nguy mdt an todn v§ sinh thyc pham lien quan din sy nhilm du triing san Id (ATS) truyin Idy md cd Id v§t chii trung gian truyen b^nh sdn Id. Do sdn cd vdng ddi phiic tgp, giai dogn hirdng thdnh tiiudng ky sinh d ruOt, Ing mdt, gan cua ngudi, thii vd chim dn cd. 0 ky chu cudi cimg sdn trudng thdnh di tning, tning theo phdn ra ngodi mdi trudng nudc, phdt triln thdnh au trimg (cercaria), au triing tim din Ic Melanoides tuberculata d l ky sinh. 6 c duge coi la vgt chu trung gian thir nhdt, sau dd du triing rdi dc tim den ky sinh d mang, co, vdy nhilu lodi ed, trong dd cd ca chip gay thi?t hgi nhilu cho ca ddc bi?t d giai dogn cd hucmg, ca gilng gdy benh "kenh mang". 6 cd dugc ggi Id vdt chd trung gian thii 2 do du triing metacercaria gdy ra (Kim Vdn Vgn va cs., 2012).
O giai doan cd chip gidng, cd dn dpng vdt phii du vd bdt dau dn dgng vdt ddy, khi nudi cd chip gilng thudng bj nhilm du triing sdn la Idm
dnh hudng rdt Idn din vi^c hd hdp, sinh trudng vd thdm chf edn gdy chit (Arthur J. R. vd B. Q.
Te., 2006). Tir ndm 2004 din nay dy dn ky sinh tiling tmyln Idy qua cd (FIBOZOPA) dd nghien cim du trimg sdn yen mpt s l lodi cd nudi d Nam Djnh, Ngh? An, Khdnh Hod, vung dong bdng sdng Ciru Long... song d giai dogn cd chip gilng chua tiln hdnh nghien ciiu tren tdng h?
thing nudi vd biln dpng theo miia trong ndm.
Trong dl tdi ndy ehiing tdi tdp trung nghien ciiu djch tl du trtmg sdn Id ky sinh yin cd chip giong theo miia trong ndm.
II. N G U Y E N L I E U V A PHU'OnVG P H A P N G H I E N ClTU
2.L NguySn lifu
Cd chip gidng dugc thu hi 6 h$ thing nudi (he thing nudi kit hgp ca-lgn, cd-vit, cd-liia, nudi cd sii dung nudc xa bl khf sinh hpc (KSH), nudi cdng nghiep (CN) vd cd trong ty nhien) d khu vyc phfa Bac (Bdc Ninh, Ha Ndi, Hung Yen vd Hai Duang) trong nam 2009 - 2012: vdi 54 Ian thu mdu (ao, rugng, kenh muong, sdng) vdi 1536 ca chip gidng (cd 10,55 ± 1,51 g/eon).
Trong do cd 37 lan thu mdu trong vy xudn - he vdi 1070 mdu, 17 ldn thu mau trong vy thu - ddng vdi 466 mdu dk kilm tra au trimg sdn (ATS). Sd mlu thu dugc ghi d Bdng 1.
Bdng 1. Thdng kS M$ thu mlu ca chep giftng theo miia
TT 1 2
• 3
"'4 5 6
H$ thtfng thu m i u Cd tl/ nhien
C4 - V|t CA • Lon Ci - Lua Nudc xi KSH
Nu6i CN Ttfng e6
S<$ l i n thu m l u (Iln) Xuan- »e
4 8 7 8 4 6 37
Thu - Ddng 4 4 3 0 2 4 17
S6 lu^ng m l u Xuan - He
80 240 210 240 120 180 1070
Thu - D6ng 76 120 90
0 60 120 466
TrQng lUi^ng TB m i u (g/con) 12,54'±5,43
8,98»±2,14 10,00" ±1,40 12,80" ±2,45 10,40" ±1,20 10,24" ±1,00 10,55 ±1,51
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THO Y TAP XX S<5 1 - 2013
2.2. Phmrng phdp nghidn cihi
Mdu cd dugc thu tix cdc h§ thing nudi vd ti-ong ty nhien dugc dua vl phdng thf nghi|m BO mdn Nudi tring thuy sdn (NTTS), Khoa Chdn nudi vd NTTS, tnrdng Dgi hpc Ndng nghi|p Hd Npi bdng phucmg phdp v§n ehuyen kin (mSu cd ciing nudc trong thuy vyc dugc dyng trong bao tiii polyetylen dua ngay vl phdng thf nghign trong vdng I - 3 gid sau luu giO sing trong cdc bl kinh cd chgy sui dl kilm tra ddn). Tgi phdng thf nghidm, chilu ddi vd trpng lugng ciia tirng con cd dugc ghi chip vd kilm tra ATS bdng phuang phdp tieu co.
Mau ed thu vl dugc cdn. do ghi chip, sau cho vdo cdi chdy sir dd v^ sinh khu tning de trdnh tgp nhiem, nghien ip todn b$ co the cd, sau b l sung dung djch Pepsin 2% (cd pH bdng 2 dugc dilu chinh nhd HCI) de hda lodng mau (Ig mau hod 10 - 15 ml dung dich) sau gidt sang cdc ddt d tii dm 37''C trong khoang 2 h. Mau cd dd phdn gidi dugc Ipc qua rd ludi Ipc ed kieh thudc mdt Igc
Id 0,7 mm <ik logi bd cdc chdt khdng phdn gidi rii dl ldng chdt logi bd nudc phfa ti-en, c$n dugc hod lodng trong nudc sinh 1^ 0,85% NaCl rAi Idc, ly tdm vd logi bd nudc trong phfa ti^n, ldm Idp Igi 3 - 4 ldn rii giCt edn Igi kilm tra du triing sdn dudi kfnh gidi phSu vd kfnh hiin vi d d$ phdng dgi 4x10; 1 Ox 10 vdi 0x40 dl quan sdt hinh dgng,.
dim vd phdn logi ATS (Hong vd cs, 2002; Eun- Taek Han vd cs., 2008).
Xdc djnh lodi ATS trin cd chip gilng, tfnh todn ty l | vd cudng dO nhilm tiing logi du triing sdn theo phucmg phdp cua WHO (1995); Thu vd cs., 2007; Chi vd cs., 2008.
III. KtT QUA vA THAO LUAN
3.1. Kit qud kilm tra du triing sdn Id tr£n cd chip gilng
Cd giong dugc tgo ra uong vy xuan - hi tii thdng 3 - 6 vd vy thu - ddng tir thdng 9 -12. Kit qud kilm tra ATS dugc the hi?n d Bdng 2.
Bdng 2. Kd't qud kiem tra &u triing sdn Id (ATS) tr§n cd chdp gidng
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6
He thong thu m l u Ci tl/ nhi§n C i - Vjt Ci - L0n C i - Lua Nudc xi khi sinh hQC Nudi cdng nghi$p
Trung binh
Ti l« n h i l m ATS (%) 26.28" ± 4,52 28,33" ± 3,76 27,00" ± 3,24 26,25" ± 3,62 16,11'±2,12 17,00'±1.28 23,89 ± 4,33
CDN (ATSIet) 8,00" ± 2,46 8,40" ±2,12 7,49" ±1,86 6,00' ± 2,34 4,48= ± 1,20 4,31" ±1,28 6,90 ±1,79
Cdc ky tu trong citng I cgt khdc nhau Id co s^rsai khdc coy nghTa a muc P < 0,05
Qua kiem tra 1536 mau cd chip gilng tir 6 he thdng cho thdy ty I? vd cudng dp nhiem eao (26,26 - 28,33%; 6 - 8,4 ATS/cd) frong cdc h?
thdng nudi ket hpp vd ed trong ty nhien, ty I?
vd cudng dp nhiim tiidp ban d h$ thing nudi cdng nghi?p vd nudi su dyng nudc xd khi sinh hoc (16,11 - 17%; 4,31 - 4,48 ATS/cd). Mdc du chi dimg thiic dn cdng nghi$p, khdng sir dyng phan hihj co trong h? thing nudi cdng nghi?p vdn ed ty I? va cudng dg nhiem thdp, dilu ndy
cd the ATS la dd nhilm vdo cd tti giai dogn ca chip hucmg vd mgt phdn vdn chju dnh hudng cda nguin nudc su dyng.
3.2. Ket qud kilm tra ATS tren cd chip gilng theo mda
Trong s l 1536 mlu cd dugc thu trong 2 miia xudn - hi (1070 mdu) vd tiiu - ddng (466 mdu) de kiem tra ATS cho ty I§ vd cudng dd nhiim dugc tdm tdt d Bdng 3.
KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H O Y TAP XX S 6 1 - 2013
Bing 3. T9 1$ vk cUdng d$ nhlim ATS d ci ch^p gl6'ng theo mua trong cic h$ thdng thu miu
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6
H I thefng thu m l u C l ti; nhidn
C l - Vit C l - Lgn C l - Lda Nudc x i KSH
N u l l CN Trung binh
T9 I I c l nhlim ATS (%) X u l n - H I
35 31,25 28,57 26,25 20 19,44 26,64"±6,18
Thu - Ddng 17,11
22,5 23,33
8,33 13,33 17,60'±6,30
cudng d« nhll X u l n - H I 9,64" ± 2,42 9,73" ±2,12 8,58" ±1,89 6,00 ± 2,20 5,00" ±1,44 5,00" ± 1,32 7,68" ± 2,25
m TB (ATS/cl) Thu - Ddng 4 , 4 6 ' ± 1 , 4 3 4,70' ± 1,22 4,38'±1,12
2,00' ± 0.94 2,81'±0,88 4,05'±1,20
Qua kit qua bdng 3 cho thdy ty 1^ nhilm ATS gifta 2 miia (vy xudn - hi Id 26,64 ± 6,18% vd vy tiiu - ddng Id 17,60 ± 6,30%) Id cd sai khdc Idn vd cd y nghia (p < 0,05). Trong vy xudn - hi ty 1? nhlim uong ca ty nhien cao nhdt Iin tdi 35% vd trong h$ thing nudi su dyng nudc xd bl biogas tiidp ban (20%) vd nudi cdng nghi?p (19,44%). Ty I? nhilm ATS truyen ldy ciia cd chip giong vung DBSCL theo miia ma tac gia Pham Cir TIii?n vd cs., 2009 bdo cao cho thdy miia mua ty I? nhilm (17,1 %) cao hon miia khd (4,9%) vd cd 2 mua diu bdt gdp AT sdn la rudt nhd lodi H.pumilio, song lodi C.formosanus chi g§p d miia mua md khdng thdy xudt hien trong miia khd. Kit qua Idem tra ty 1? nhiim ATS theo miia ciia chiing tdi cho thdy diu cao ban ket qua ciia Phgm Cii Thi?n va cs., 2009 dd bdo cdo.
Ty le nhilm ATS trong vy xudn-he dao ddng tii 19,44 - 35% vd eao nhat d hi thing nudi kit hpp ed - vit, cdn frong vu thu - ddng ty 1? nhiim ATS dao dpng tir 8,33 - 23,33%. Cd sy sai khdc gi&a 2 miia cao nhu vay, theo chiing tdi Id cd dnh hudng ciia nhi?t dp, vi theo Nguyin Dinh Trung (2005) nhiit dp thich hgp cho cdc sinh vgt thuy sinh vimg nhiit ddi sinh trudng vd phdt diin tit 25 - 28''C nen vy xudn - hi nhi?t dp nudc thich hgp cho du triing cercaria boi tim ky chii nen ty 1? nhilm d miia nay cao hon. O h? thdng nudi cd - Ign Igi cd ty I? nhiim cao vdo vy thu - ddng hon cdc h? tiling khde, dilu nay cd the giai thich la cdc ao nudi thudng d noi kin, khudt
gid frong miia ddng va qua theo ddi thdy cdc ao nudi ndy ed mirc nudc sau hem nen ddy cung Id mpt dilu ki$n di c6 TLN ATS Id cao hem. Khi nghien ciiu ty Ii vd cudng dp nhilm ATS truyin lay vimg DBSCL, tdc gid Pham Cii Thien vd cs., 2009 cho thdy miia mua cd ty le nhiim (17,1%) ATS truyen lay cao han miia khd (4,9%). Kit qua kiim tra cua chung tdi d khu vyc DBSH cho thdy cao han cua Pham Cii Thien vd cs., 2009 nhung Igi thdp hon bdo cao cua Tran Thi Kim Chi vd cs. 2008 khi nghien ctru ty Ii nhiem ATS truyen lay tai Nghe An (54,3%).
Vi cudng dp nhiem ATS fren ca cho thay frong vu xuan - hi (7,68 ± 2,25 ATS/cd) cao hem hdn frong vu thu - ddng (4,05 ± 1,20 ATS/ca) (sai khdc cd y nghTa), ngoai trii he thong ca - liia khdng cd sd lieu dl so sanh, do mua ddng cac khu vyc theo doi tren rupng diu khdng cd nudc nen he thdng nay hau nhu khdng boat ddng vao miia ddng,. Kit qua nghien ciiu cudng dd nhiem ciia chiing tdi deu cho ket qud cao han kit qua bao cao cua Pham Cir Thien va cs., 2009 vung DBSCL (20 ATS/100 g ca gidng) vd Trdn Kim Chi va cs., 2008 tai Nghe An (0,4 ATS/ca). Sd di ed sy chinh lich nay theo chiing tdi cd the la do cdch tinh toan. Ci day chiing tdi tinh CDN trin ca sd sd ATS dem dugc tir cac ca nhiem, frong khi dd cdc tac gid khde tinh toan cudng dp nhilm fren sd ca Idem tra nin cudng dp nhilm bi tyt gidm xudng thdp.
KHOA HQC KY THUAT T H O Y TAP XX s 6 I - 2013
3.3. Kk q u i v^ ty If nhiSm iiVnu Ket qui du(;rc djnh danh^:i I'li-^
A I S 111 Iri-n Cii cli^'p [^ioii}^ llu'ci nii'lil
.li llic hicn ly lc nliiem lirng kwi ATS i|iiii liinh I & 2.
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Hinh 1. Ty 1^ nhiem cdc lo^i ATS Id tren cd chip giong a cac h^ thong trong vg xuan • he
Qua kilm tra 1070 mdu cJ clicp giong irong vy xudn - hi cde ndm tii 2009 - 2012 dil ih:\y co 285 mdu cd nhilm ATS (26.64 i S.IX%)tr()ng dd 4 lodi ATS dd dugc xdc dinh gnin ?• loiii AT sdn Id rugt nhd Id C^rmo5an?(\ (X4.2l"i. so miiu nhilm), tiip din Id/f./wmr/io iSv,^r'i,i. i;iii suat bdtgdpitla//./m"c/iu/(16,84".,) \;i I I(MI san hi gan nhd C.sinensis (18,59%).
Trong cdc vy xuan - he. i\ li: nliiOm Cformosanus vd H.pumilio cao irong cac he thdng nudi kit hgp cd-vit (28.33 va 26.67%). ca - Ign (24,76 vd 23,81%), cd - lua (20 \ a 21.67" o)
\i'i cii ly nhien (27,50 \ a 30%)); con he thdng nuoi sir dung nudc xa KSH (15 va 16,67%) va nuoi cdng nghiep (i7,7S va 15.56%) ty le nhiem 2 loai ATS nay co ihap han. Ty 1? nhiem H.taicluii (4.49 ± 2.29) va C.sinen.si.i (4.95 ± 2.92) nhin chung la thap trong cac hi; thdng. Tuy ty le nhiem chung C.\i>u-n.si.s thap song d ca tu nhien trong \ii xuiin - he co ly le nhiem len den 10% la dicu diing pliiti hru \ . \i san la gan nho. mot loai ky sinh irung imyen kiy nguy hiem. ed nguy ca gay ung thu gan khi nhieni san irutTng ihanh tren ngirdi vd gia sue (Ngu\en Van De Vii cs.. 2006;
rhu\;ics,. 2007),
,,„. 1 "n.NAST("„j .1111 i J P
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7 7 5.00w
Hinh 2: Ty /p nhiem cdclogi ATS la tren Cei chep giong 6 Ceic h$ thong trong vu thu • dong
O khu vyc phia Bdc iioni! cii chep gidng vu xuan - hi Id chinh, c d n i ^ H cii sinh ra tir ca de tdi phdt vdo vy tiiu - d d | | phu. Qua kiem tra
ATS tir 466 mau ca chip gidng uong trong \'ii thu - dong trong 3 ndm 2009 - 2011 cd 82 mlu nhilm ATS (chilm 17.60%). Trong dd da phdn la loai
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THO Y TAP XX Sfi 1 - 2013
ATS mOt C.formosanus (71,95% t6ng s6 mlu 3.4. Kit qui vJ cu*ng d j nhiim tirng lofi ATS nhiem) va H.pumilio (75,6%). S6 mSu nhiem tren ci chip gi6ng theo mla
ff.tofcAui ((14,63%) va COTemis (17,07%) rit „ , , . . ,.»,_.. ,^, , , thip, thjm chl khong thiy xuit hi^n trong h? '^=' ""^ '''"'= * ' " ' ' " *°"8 bing 4 vl 5.
th6ng irong cl sii dvmg nu6c xa khi sinh hgc.
Bing 4. cudng a * nhi^m tCfng loa| ATS ky sinh trSn c4 ch^p gitfng trong VM xuSn - M
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6
H$ thefng k l ^ m t r a C& t l / nhiSn
C6 - Vjt CS - L(?n Cfi - LOa NUdc x d K S H
Nufii C N CUdng d 9 n h i S m C h u n g
c u d n g d $ n h l f i m T B (ATS/ctI) Ctormosanus
5,00- ± 1,42 5.24" ± 1,34 4,62> ± 1.28 3 . 8 1 " ± 1,12 3.U't0.96 2 . 7 2 ' ± 0,86 4 , 3 0 - ± 1 , 0 2
H.pumltlo 5,21° ± 1 , 3 6 5,00" ± 1.22 4,90" ± 1.24 3.40" ± 1,18 2.70" ± 1,20 2,50" ± 0,88 4,16'" ± 1 , 2 3
H.taichui 2.57' ± 0,68 1.47= ± 0,54 1,78" ± 0,58 1 . 1 7 ' ' ± 0 , 2 5 1,25" ± 0,32 1.29" ± 0,26 1,60" ± 0 , 5 3
Cslnensls 2 . 0 0 ' ± 0.34 1,78* ± 0,28 1,40" ± 0 . 3 2 1.38" ± 0.24 1,33" ± 0,20 1.50" ± 0 , 2 2 1,62" ± 0 , 2 7
Cdc ky tv trong citng I cgt khdc nhau la co su sai khdc co y nghia a muc P<0,05
*: Cdc ky tu trong ciing 1 hdng khdc nhau Id co su sai khdc co y nghia a muc P<0,05
Qua kiem tra ed chip gidng frong cdc vy xudn - hi vl cudng dd nhiem ATS cde lodi cho thdy cao nhdt vdn Id ATsan la rugt nhd C.formosanus (5,24 ± 1,34 ATS/cd trong h? thing ed - vit) ky sinh trin mang cd chep gidng vd H.pumilio (5,21
± 1,36 ATS/cd ty nhien) ky sinh d co, vdy va ddu c i Cudng dp nhilm ATS H.taichui (1,60 ± 0,53 ATS/ca) vd Csinensis (1,62 ± 0,27ATS/ca) Id thap. Nhin chung cudng dp nhiim cde lodi ATS
chua thay cd bieu hiin bat thudng vl site khoe Cling nhu tdc dp sinh trudng cua cd, ngo^i trir mpt sd ao nhilm ATS C.formosanus fren mang vdi cudng do ldn > 6 ATS/mang ca lam kenh ndp mang, cd dnh hudng rd den hd hdp, site khoe, tie dp sinh trudng eung nhu ty le sdng (ao cd cd bieu hiin cd chit rdi rdc, gdy ylu, boi tdng mdt, kenh ndp mang).
Bdng 5. Ciidng dp nhiem tifng loaj ATS ky sinh trgn ca chip giong trong vij thu-d6ng
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6
H$ t h f i n g k l ^ m t r a CA t y nhign
C& - V|t CA • L<?n C& - Li3a Ni;dc x i KSH
Nudi C N C u d n g d $ nhISm c h u n q
c u d n g d 9 n h i l m T B ( A T S / c i ) C.formosanus
2,44" ± 0,81 3 , 1 1 " ± 0 , 7 6 2,63" ± 0,72 1,50° ± 0,64 1,42" ± 0,62 2,42™ ± 0,74 2,42'" ± 0,74
H.pumilio 3 , 0 0 ' ± 0,79 2 , 8 5 ' ± 0,81 2 , 7 3 ' ± 0,57 1,33" ± 0 , 4 5 1,64" ± 0 , 6 7 2,50'" ± 0,77 2 , 5 0 " * 0,77
H.taichui 1,50' ± 0,5 1,60- ± 0,34 1,33' ± 0,33
0 1,00" ± 0 , 0 0 1,42" ± 0 , 6 5 1,42" ± 0 , 6 5
Cslnensls 1,00' ± 0,00 1,50" ± 0,25 1,25= ± 0 , 2 5
0 1,00' ± 0,00 1,21" ± 0 , 5 7 1,21" ± 0 , 5 7
Cdc ky tu trong citng 1 cgt khdc nhau la cd sir sai khdc co y nghia a muc P < 0,05
*: Cdc ky tu trong citng 1 hdng khdc nhau Id co su sai khdc co y nghia a mice P<0,
KHOA HOC KY THUAT T H O Y T A P X X S 6 1 - 2013
Qua kilm fra trong vy thu - ddng cho thdy tj' 1? nhiem vd cudng dO nhiem cao Id C formosanus (12,66 ± 4,32% vd 2,42 ± 0,74 ATS/cd) vd H.pumilio (13,30 ± 5,06% vd 2,50 ± 0,77 ATS/
cd), cdn thap han Id H.taichui (2,58 ± 1,61% vd 1,42 ± 0,65 ATS/cd) vd C.sinensis (3,00 ± 1,75%
vd 1,21 ±0,57 ATS/cd).
Nhin chung d cdc h$ thing nudi, ty 1^ vd cudng dO nhilm frong vy thu-ddng diu thap han trong vy xudn - hi (P < 0,05). Hinh dnh m^t sl ATS dugc thi hi$n d Hinh 3a vd 3b.
Hinh 3a: AT sdn Id rugt nho C.formosanus ky sinh tren
mang cd ch^p
Hinh 3b: AT sdn IA gan nho C. sinensis ky sinh tren eg cd chep
Thanh phan loiii .ATS k\ Cii chep giong a 2 miia dugc the hien iren hinh 4a \a 4b.
• C formosanus S H.pumilio • H taichui • CsinensJs
Hinh 4a. Tj? 1$ lodi ATS ky sinh tr§n cd chdp gl6ng trong w xu&n • h^
Hinh 4b. TV /$ loii ATS Iq^ sinh tren cd ch4p gidng tmng vij thu • iSdng
Tdc gid Sommerville, 1982 theo ddi sy dnh hudng cua au triing sdn la rugt nhd frin cd cho thay chua cd sy sai khde ve tie d$ sinh trudng, h? so tieu tdn thiic dn vd hi§u qud kinh tl gifta ed nhiim va khdng nhilm du friing sdn Id ruOt
nhd H.pumilio. Nhimg d ao nhiem du trimg san C. formosanus t^i Dhih Bdng - Tii San - Bdc Ninh vdo thdng 3 ndm 2009 ma chung tdi kilm tra thdy cd bilu hi^n khdc biit rd rit: co hi?n tugng cd chip huong bi chit not quanh bd, ca
KHOA HQC KY THU^T THU Y T^P XX S6 1 - 2013
ho^t dgng chdm, ylu, boi trin tdng nudc mdt, quan sdt ed frong dan thdy cd hi^n tugng kenh ndp mang, tdc dO sinh trudng chung so vdi edc ao eimg ucmg c6 giam khodng 30 - 50% (Kim Vdn Van vdcs., 2012).
IV. KET LUAN
Qua 54 Idn thu mau dd kilm tra ATS Id tii 1536 mdu cd chip giong frong 2 vy xudn - hi (1070 mlu cd) vd thu-ddng (466 mdu) trong 4 ndm tir 2009 - 2012 t^i 4 tinh thupc khu vyc DBSH tim diay 4 lodi ATS, frong dd 3 lodi sdn Id mOt nhd (Cformosanus; H.pumilio vd H. taichui) vd 1 lodi sdn Id gan nhd (C.sinensis);
Trong cdc h§ thdng nudi kit hgp vd frong ty nhien cd Xy \^ nhilm vd cudng d$ nhiem cao ban trong he thdng nudi sii dyng nudc xa khi sinh hpc va nudi sii dyng thirc dn cdng nghi?p;
Ty I? nhiem vd cudng dp nhiem frong vu xudn-he cao ban vy thu-ddng; cac lodi san Id C.formosanus vd H.pumilio cao hem loai H.taichui va C.sinensis.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO , Arthur J R and B Q Te (2006). Checklish
of the parasites of fishes of \^etnam. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 369/2. Rome.
Italy I33p.
. Chi T T K, Dalgaard A, TurbuU J F, Tuan P A and Murrell K D (2008). Prevalence of zoonottc trematodes in fish fi^om a ^^etnamese fish-farming community. / Parasltol. 94, 423-428.
. De N V, Muiiell K D, Cong L D, Cam P D, ChauLV,ToanND,DalsgaardA(2003).The Food-borne Trematode zoonoses of Vietnam.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health.
34 (Suppl 1): 12:34.
4. Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Souvanny Phommakom, Bounthong Sengvilaykham;
Jae-Lip Kim; Han Jong Rim; Jong-Yil Chai (2008). Centrocestus formosanus (Digenea: Helerophyidae) encysted in the freshwater fish, Puntius brevis, fi-om Lao PDR. The Korean journal of parasitology 2008;46(l):49-53.
5. Hong K O, Ching 1 C & Yuzaburo O (2002). Excystation of Haplorchis taichui metacercariae could be elicited by change in pH. Jpn. J. Vet. Res. 50(1): 3-7 (2002) 6. Kim Van Van, Truong Dinh Hoai, Kurt
Buchmann, Ander Dalgaard & Nguyen Van Tho (2012). Efficacy of Praziquantel against Cenfrocestus form. J. Southern Agriculture.
43(4):520-523.
7. Sommerville C (1982). The life history of Haplorchis pumilio (Looss, 1896) from cultured tilapias. Journal of Fish Diseases 5(3), 233-241.
8. Thien PC;DalsgaardA; Nhan NT;01sen A;
Murrell K D (2009). Prevalence of zoonotic frematode parasites m fish fry and juveniles in fish farms of the Mekong Delta, Vietoam.
Aquaculture 295 (2009) 1 -5.
9. Thu N D, Dalsgaard A, Loan L T T, Murrell K D (2007). Prevalence of zoonotic liver and intestinal metacercariae in cultured and wild fish in An Giang province, Vietnam. Kor. J.
Parasitol. 45,45 -54.
10. World Health Organization (1995). Confrol of Foodbome Trematode Infections. WHO Technical Report Series No. 849. WHO, Geneva.
Nhdn ngdy: 10-11-2012 Phdn bi^n: 28-11-2012
