Tgp ehi Khoa tigc Trudng Bgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hgi. Nhdn van vd Gido d^e: 33 (20 J 4): 84-89
Tap chi Khoa hpc Tri/cyng Dai hoc Can Thd website: sj.ctu.edu.vn
CAC YfeU TO ANH HlTOfNG BEN THOI GIAN TlT HOC CUA SINH VIEN:
TRlTOfNG HOP CUA SINH VIEN KHOA KINH TIE & QUAN TRI KINH DOANH, TRirOfNG DAI HOC CAN THO
Nguyen Huu Dang', Le Tin', Bui Dien Giau', Nguyin Hdng Thoa', Ha My Trang', Le Tran Phuac Huy', Dang Thj Anh Duong' va H6 Huu Phuong Chi' ' Khoa Kinh te & Qudn tri Kinh doanh, Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Thdng tin chung:
Ngdy nhgn: 18/05/2014 Ngdy chdp nhgn: 29/08/2014 Title:
Factors affecting students 'time spent on self- study: A case of students at School of Economics and Business AdminisPation, Can Tho university Tukhoa:
Su dung 2 gid tu hoc, lu hgc, sinh viin tu hgc, thdi gian tif hgc, Khoa Kinh te - Qudn tri ^'"h doanh -: Keywords:'JKS^?^^~
Two self-study hours, self-study, self-sttuiy activities of students, self study time. School of Economics and Business Administration
ABSTRACT
This study is aimed to identifying factors affecting students' time on sefi- study at School of Economics and Business Administration (SEBA) based on a survey of 523 observations in April 2014. According to the statistical results, on average, students spent 2.45 hours on self-study per one classroom hour. However, there was a large variability among students in time spending on self-study of 0.26 - 4.32 hours per a classroom hour. The results of multiple regression revealed that some factors such as the grades of the university entrance exam, cumulative grade point average and group assignments positively affecting student 'time spent on self-study while the number of credits enrolled, part-time job had negative impact on studen's time spent on self-study. In addition, the study also found that students had not utilized well the supported facilities for self-study yet (PCs, internet).
The study recommended that fia-ther promoting the roles of class academic advisors in enhancing academic consulting activities for students; course evaluation methods should be considered to promote self-study of students T 6 M TAT
Nghiin cdu cdc yiu td dnh hudng din thoi gian tu hgc cita sinh vien Khoa Kinh ti - Qudn tri kinh doanh dugc thuc hiin dua tren bg dir liiu khdo sdt tu 523 sinh viin vdo thdng 4/2()14. Kit qud thdng ke cho thdy, sinh viin su dung 2,45 tiit tu hgc cho 1 tiit len (50 phut). Tuy nhien, cd su bien thien Idn giira cdc sinh vien trong viic ddnh thdi gian tu hgc, tu 0,26 - 4,32 tiit tu hgc/1 tiit lin ldp. Kit qud phdn tich hdm hdi quy da biin cho thdy, cdc yiu td nhu diim ddu vdo dgi hgc, diem ti-ung binh tich luy ti-ong thdi gian hgc dgi hgc, bdi tap nhdm cd dnh hudng tich cyc din viic su dyng thdi gian t\r hoc ciia sinh vien; ti-ong khi do, cdc yiu td nhu sd lugng tin chi ddng ky hgc, di ldm thim. hoc vugt tiin do ldm cho thai gian tu hgc cim sinh viin se it di Bin cgnh dd, nghien cdu cUng phdt hiin, sinh vien chua khai thdc tot cdc ca sa vdt chdt hd trg_ tu hgc (mdy tinh cd nhdn, internet) cho tu hgc. Cdc gidi phdp dugc di xudt bao gdm: phdt huy tich cifc vai tro cua cd vdn hgc nhdm ndng cao chdt lugng tu vdn cho sinh vien; phdt huy tinh thdn nhiet huyit vd ti-dch nhiem cua gidng viin trong cdi tiin phucmg phdp ddnh gid hgc phdn se giiip sinh vien su dyng nhiiu thdi gian cho tu
hgc han.
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tncdng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho 1 D^iTVANDE
Chuang dinh ddo tao phdi dugc td chuc sao cho mdi sinh vidn cd thd tim dugc mdt each hpc phu hgp nhdt vdi mmh, hpc chd tin chi da d ^ iing dugc ydu cdu nay vd da dugc nhidu trudng dai hpc ttdn todn thd gidi dp dung. Mot ddc didm quan ttpng cua hpc chd tin chi Id de chudn bj cho mOt gid hgc tten ldp, sinh vidn phai cd it nhdt 2 gid ty hgc d ngoai Idp. Then lugng cua cdc hpc phdn ttong hgc chd ti'n chi thudng dugc edt nhd, do dd thdi gian ttinh bay kidn thftc bj han chd, vide ty hgc cua sinh vien ttd ndn vd cftng quan ttgng.
Trong ljch sft gido due d Vidt Nam, ydu td ty hpc ludn dugc de cao vd khuyen khich. Chu tich Hd Chi Minh da dgy Id "vd each hpc phdi ldy tu hpc lam cot", "Gido due Id Id qudc sdch hang ddu, Ddng vd Nhd nude ludn quan tam va de. cao ydu td ty hpc". Nguydn Tong Bi thu D 6 Mudi cd vidt ttong tiiu gui Hdi thdo Khoa hpc Nghidn cftu vd Ty hpc nhu sau "Chdt lupng vd hidu qua gido dye dugc ndng Idn khi tgo ra dugc nang lyc sdng tao cila ngudi hpc, khi bidn qua ttinh giao due thanh qua trinh tu giao due. Quy md giao due dugc md rOng khi ed phong ttdo todn ddn ty hpc". Nghj quydt HOi nghj Idn hai, Ban Chdp hanh Tnmg uong Dang khda VIII da kliang dinh: "Ddi mdi mgnh me phuang phdp,Gido dye Ddo tao... bdo ddm didu kipn va thdi gian ty hpc, ty nghidn ciiu cho hgc sinh, nhdt Id sinh vidn dai hgc; phdt bidu manh me phong ttao ty hpc, tu dao tao thudng xuydn vd rpng khdp trong todn ddn, nhdt Id thanh nidn". Ludt Gido dye (2005) chi rd: "Phuang phdp gido due phdi phdt huy tinh tich cyc, ty giac, chft ddng, tu duy sdng tgo cua ngudi hpc; bdi dudng eho ngudi hpc thdi gian ty hgc, khd nSng thyc hdnh, long say me hpc tdp vd </ chi vuan len".
Cd nhidu each hidu khdc nhau vd ty hgc.
Nguydn Cdnh Todn vd ctv (2002) cho ring "Ty hpc Id tu minh dOng nao, suy nghi, sft dyng cdc nang lyc tti md (quan sdt, so sdnh, phdn tich, tdng hgp...) vd cd khi cd ca bap (khi phdi sft dyng cdng cu) cung cdc phdm chdt cua minh, rdi cd dOng ca, tinh cam, cd nhdn sinh quan, thd gidi quan (nhu ttung thuc, tdideh quan cd chi tidn thu khdng ngai khd...) dd chidm ITnh mdt ITnh vyc hidu bidt ndo dd thdnh sd hiiu cua minh".
Tuy nhidn, ngodl gid Idn Idp, sinh vidn cd rdt nhidu hoat dpng khdc nhau ngodl ty hpc nhu hogt ddng chinh tti xa hpi, hoat dOng vSn hda van nghe, hogt dOng thd due thd thao, hoat dOng vui chai gidi tti vd hogt dOng tao thu nhdp. Cd rdt nhidu ydu td vua chu quan, vfta khdch quan anh hudng den vide
Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xd hpi. Nhdn vdn vd Gido difc: 33 (2014): 84-89 sft dung thdi gian ngodi gid len ldp cua sinh vien.
Cac ydu td chu quan bao gdm nhiin thftc efta sinh vidn, tinh kd hoach, sy nd lyc thyc hi|n kd hogch, khd nang tham gia; cdn cac ydu td khach quan bao gdm didu kidn ea sd v§t chdt, mdi trudng, muc tidu dao tao cua tnrdng dgi hoc, quy dinh cua nha trudng ve vide ddnh gid ket qua iam vide ngodi gid eua sinh vidn. Ddi vdi hoat ddng ty hpc, cd sy khac bidt rd rang gifta nhfhig sinh vidn cdc trudng khac nhau, d cdc nai cu tru, gidi tinh ttong vide sft dyng thdi gian ngodi gid Idn Idp cho vide ty hpc.
Theo Gettinger (1985), kidn thue va ky nSng cua sinh vidn ttudc khi vao trudng dai hpc cd tic dOng tich cyc ddn ndng lyc ty hpc vd kha ndng tidp tiiu kidn thftc cua sinh vidn. Glaser (1991, vide thidt kd chuang trinh dao tgo theo hudng tdi thilu hda thdi gian day ttdn Idp cd tdc dyng tdi tru hda qud ttinh ty hpc cua sinh vidn. Nghidn ciiu cda Walberg vd Tsai (1984), thdi gian sinh vidn danh cho ty hpc ed tuang quan nghich vdi thdi gian du hpc ttdn ldp. Bdn canh dd, nghien cftu ciia Vossensteyn (2009), sinh vidn cd thdi gian di Iam thdm cdng nhidu thi thdi gian ddnh cho hpc tap cdng it vd ket qud hpc tap cua sinh vidn cdng kdm vd thdm chi bd hpc.
Bdt ddu tii nam hpc 2007-2008, Trudng D^
hpc Cdn Tho (DHCT) tridn khai dp dyng hgc che tin chi ddi vdi tdt cd cdc ngdnh vd khda ddo tgo.
Ddy Id Idn ddu tidn Trudng DHCT dp dung hpc chd tin chi mOt each triet de theo Quy che dao tgo dai hpc va cao dang he chinh quy theo hd thdng tin chl ban hdnh tiieo Quydt dinh sd 43/2007/QD- BGDDT, ngdy 15/8/2007 cua Bd trudng Bp Gido due va Dao tao. Trudng DHCT ludn quan tam den viec ddi mdi dgy hgc de ndng cao chdt lupng dao tgo. Hoat dOng ty hpc cua sinh vien nh|n dinjc. i nhidu sy quan tdm cua Dang bd va Chinh quydn cdc cap cua nhd Trudng frong nd lye ndng cao chat lupng ddo tgo sinh vidn. Myc tidu efta nghidn ciiu nay la nham danh gia thuc trgng vd sft dung thdi gian ty hpc cua sinh vidn; phdn tich cdc ydu to iinh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hpc efta sinh vidn; vd dd xudt cac giai phdp nham tao didu kidn, khai thdc hgp ly thdi gian ty hpc cua sinh vidn.
2 PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ 2.1 So lif u
Sd lieu bao gdm 523 quan sat dugc didu tta vdo thdi^ 4/2014 bdng bdng cau hdi phdng van tryc tidp sinh vidn chinh quy cua Khoa Kinh td & QuSn tri Kinh doanh, Trudng Dai hgc Cdn Tha, bao gdm cdc sinh vidn dang hpc ndm thft nhdt den ndm tiiii
Tgp chi Khoa hge Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn C. Khoa hgc Xa hgi. Nhdn van vd Gido due: 33 (2014): 84-8 tu tai Trucmg, Phuang p h ^ chgn mlu ngdu nhien
theo cdc ldp hpc phdn cua sinh vidn ndm thu 2 - 4 , cd gid hpc ttong tudn cudi thdng 4. Cdc thdng tin trong bdng edu hdi bao gdm cdc tiidng tin ve ca nhan sinh vien, phuong tidn smh sdng va hpc tap, phan bd tiim gian trung binh cho cac boat dOng hgc tgp ttong ttidn d hpc kJ II nam hoc 2013-2014.
2.2 Phirong phdp phan ticb
Dya ttdn cac nghidn cftu cua Walberg va Tsai (1984), Gettinger (1985), Glaser (1991) va (Vossensteyn, 2009), cae ydu td anh hudng ddn thai gian ty hgc efta sinh vidn dugc tdng hgp tft 3 nhdm ydu td bao gdm ndng lyc va didu kidn cd nhdn eua sinh vidn, hoat dOng ddo tgo vd ca sd v|it chdt li§ trg ty hpc. Dd xdc dinh mdi quan hd giiia cdc ydu td ndy vdi thdi gian tu hpc cua sinh vidn, nghien cftu ndy sft dung md hinh hdi quy da bidn.
Md hinh cd dgng sau:
Y,=P, + Y^P,X, + B,
(1)Y Id bidn phu thudc - thdi gian ty hpc cua sinh vidn, dugc do ludng bdng hd sd tidt ty hoc ttdn mdt tiet len \dp (50 phut). He sd ndy dugc tinh bdng each lay tdng sd thdi gian binh quan danh eho hogt ddng ty hpc ttong mOt tudn chia tdng sd thdi gian Idn ldp ttong tudn. Thdi gian ty hpc bao gdm thdi gian ldm bdi tap nhdm, thdi gian xem bai trudc va sau khi Idn ldp, thdi gian tim kidm tdi lipu, hpc tgp tft internet, thu vien.
Xji (j = L 2,..., 13) la bidn ddc lap - eac ydu td dnh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hpc cua sinh vidn bao gdm cac yeu td vd dgc didm cd nhdn vd ndng lyc cua sinh vien (gidi tinli, nai d, logi sinh vien, diem ddu dgi hpc, diem trung binh tieh luy, tham nidn hpc tdp tgi trudi^, lam them ngodi gid); cdc ydu td vd hoat dOng ddo tao (kd hogch hpc tdp, sd tin chi dang ky ttong mOt hgc kJ, ^ Id hgc phdn cd ldm bdi tdp nhdm ttong tdng sd hpc phdn ttong hpc ky dang hpc); vd cdc yeu td vd ca sd vdt chdt hh ttg ty hpc (may tinh cd nhdn, internet). Cdc bidn dOc lap (Xj) dugc md ta d Bdng I.
Trong dd:
Bang 1: Md ta tdm tdt cdc bidn ddc lap trong md hinh hdi qua da bien
Xj Ten bidn Giai thich
Xi X I Xs X, Xs Xe X, X«
x.
Xio
X„
X,2 Xn
Giai tinli Noi o CLia SV Diem dau Dai hpc He d^o tao Nam iiQC Dai lipc Diem tnmg binli ticii luy Lamtli^m
KS hoach hpc t§p nhanh Kk lioach hpc t$p chim sa tin chi Ty le HP 06 BT nhom May tinh cd nhSn Internet
Bidn gia. Nam = 1; Nft = 0
Bidn gid. S V d k^ tuc xa = 1; cdc ttudng hgp khdc = 0 Tdng sd didm ddu vdo Dai hpc
Bidn gid. Sinh vien ehinh quy = 1; sinh vidn khdc = 0 (lidn tiidng chinh quy, bang 2)
Tham nidn cua SV dang hpc d bac Dai hpc (nam) Didm trung binh tich luy, do ludng theo thang didm 4 Sd gid iam them eua sinh vidn ttong tudn (gid).
Bidn gid. Ndu cd kd hoach hpc tap ngan han 8 hgc k^* chinh = 1;
cde trudng hgp )fhiic=-.Q/\^ " ^ ^ -
Bidn gia. Ndu ed ke hogch hpc tap keo dai hem 8 hpc kJ chinh = 1; cdc trudng hgp khdc = 0
Sd tin chi dang ky hpc d HK hidn tai (tin chi).
Ty le so hpc phdn cd ydu cdu ldm bai tap nhdm trdn tdng sd hpc phan (%).
Bidn gid. Ndu SV cd mdy tinh cd nhdn = 1, khdng ed = 0 Bidn gid. Ndu nhd d cua sinh vidn cd internet = 1; khdng cd = 0 3 KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1 Dac diem, qud trinh hpc tap va ca sd vat chdt phuc vu ty hpc ciia sinh vien
Kdt qua phdn tich thdng kd vd cdc dac didm ea nhan, qud ttinh hpc tdp vd ca sd vat chdt phuc vu ty hpc cua sinh vidn dugc md td d Bdng 2.
Trong 523 sinh vidn dtrgc khdo sat, smh vidn nii chiem 74%, cdc sinh vidn dugc khdo sdt chu
ydu dang hpc nSm thft 2 vd nam 3, ttong dd sinh vidn chinh quy chidm 84%, cdn lgi Id cdc sinh vidn lidn thdng chiitii quy vd bdng 2. Didm trung binh ti'ch luy ddn thdi didm khdo sdt cua sinh vidn Id 2,92/4,0; sinh vidn d ttp ttong ky tuc xd ciia Trudng chidm 17%, ngodi trudng chiem 83%. Bdn canh do, cd khoang 21% sinh vidn dugc khdo sat cd di ldm thdm, phdn Idn cac sinh vidn thuOc ve sinh vidn Uen thdng chinh quy. Sd sinh vidn dugc klido sat cd may ti'nh ca nhdn chidm 85%, ddng
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phan C: Khoa hge Xd hgi, Nhdn vdn vd Gido dvc: 33 (2014): 84-89 hpc vd dieu kien tiep can thdng tin tft internet cua sinh vien la kha tdt
tiidi cd 84% sinh vidn d ttp tai nai cd ket ndi mtemet. Didu ndy cho thdy ca sd vdt chdt hd trg tu
Bang 2: D3c didm, qua frinh hpc tdp va ca sa vSt chat ho try ty bpc cua sioh viep direc khao sat ndm 2014 Tdn bien Trung binh Nhd nbat Ldn nhat Bp Idch chuan Gioi tinh*
Noi 6 cua SV*
Di£m dau Dai hoc He dao tao*
Nam hoc Dai hoc Diim trung binh tich luy Lam thSm*
K^ hoach hoc tap nhanh*
Ke hoach hpc tap cham*
So tin chi Ty le HP CO BT nh6m May tinh ca nhan*
Internet*
0,26 0,17 17,58 0,84 2,37 2,92 0,21 0,70 0,02 17,47 0,57 0,85 0,84
0 0 11 0 1 1 0 0 0 8 0,23 0 0
1 1 25 1 4 3,92 1 1 1 25 0,80 1 1
0,44 0,37 231 0,37 0,92 0,41 0,41 0,4«
0,13 2,69 0,24 0,36 0,37
* Sd trung binh cua bien gid eSng chinh Id phdn ihgp phdn Nguon: So lieu khdo sdt thdng 4/2014
Kdt qud khao sdt eung cho thdy, cd 70% sinh vidn xdy dyng kd hogch hpc tap dudi 8 hpc ky chinh cua chuang ttinh ddo tao 4 nam (120 tin chi), da sd sinh vidn dy kidn hodn chinh chuang trinh hpc ttong thdi gian 3,5 nam, ttong khi dd chi cd 2% sinh vidn xdy dimg ke hogch hpc tap keo ddi ttdn 4 ndm. Tgi hpc ky dang hgc (hpc ky 2 nSm hgc 2013-2014), sinh vidn ddng ky hpc trung binh Id 17,47 tin chi, mdt sd sinh vidn dang hpc hpc ky cudi cd sd tui dang ky tdi muc tdi da theo quy djnh la 25 tin chi. Trong cdc hpc phdn sinh vidn dang hpc, cd 57% sd hpc phdn cd ydu cau lam bai tgp
Bang 3: H | sd sd tiet ty hpc tren sd tiet len Idp cua sinh vien duac khao sat nam 2014 (hay %) cita doi tugng nhdn gid tri 1
nhdm bdn canh cdc hinh thiic ddnh gid hpc phdn khdc.
3.2 Thdi gian ty hoc cua sinh vien Thdi ^ a n ty hpc cua sinh vidn la qi^* thdi gian ngodi gid ldn ldp dugc sinh vidn su dyng cho cac hoat dOng ngoai ldp hpc nhu ldm bai tap nhdm, thu thap dft lidu, doc tdi lieu trudc vd sau khi ldn ldp, dgc tdi lieu tft internet, thu vidn,... Kdt qua khao sat ve thdi gian ty hpc trui^ binh cua sinh vien dugc ttinh bdy d Bdng 3.
H o a t d O n g ^ ' ^ - Hoat dgng tif hgc
Trung binh Nhd nhdt
D VT: sd tiit tu hgc/1 tiit len lap Ldn nhdt Dd Idch cbudn Lam bai tap nhom
Dpe tai lipu truoc d nha Xem lai bai sau khi len lop Tim tai lieu, hpc tren mang Vao thu vien Tong cpng N = 523 quan sat
Ngudn: So liju khao sdt thdng 4 201-1
0,62 0,35 0,73 0,49 0,26 2,45
0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,26
3,30 2,80 3,80 4,00 2,25 432
0,50 0,33 0,55 0,48 0,32 2,31
Kdt qua phan tich thdng ke cho thdy, sinh vidn gidnh 2,45 tilt dd ty hpc cho 1 tidt ldn ldp. Nhu vgy, thdi gian tu hpc ciia sinh vidn dgt yeu cdu cua he thdng ddo tao theo tui chi (1 gid ldn ldp, 2 gid ty hpc). Tuy nhidn, xdt vd ca cdu thdi gian ddnh cho cdc hogt dpng ty hpc tiii cd 55% (1,35/2,45 tidt)
thdi gian ty hpc ciia sinh vidn danh cho lam bdi tip nhdm vd xem lai bdi sau khi ldn ldp. Phdt hlpn nay cho thdy, hoat dOng ty hpc cua sinh vien chft ydu gan lidn vdi cdc hogt ddng danh gid hpc phdn. Thai gian sinh vien ddnh cho xem tdi li^u trude gid ldo ldp chi chidm 10% thdi gian ty hpc. Phdt hidn nay
Tgp chi Khoa hge Tnrdng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn C: Khoa hgc Xa hgi, Nhan van vd Gido due: 33 (2014) - 84-89 cho thdy, hogt ddng hpc tap eua sinh vidn kha thy
dOng, chu ydu hpc nhirng ^ sau khi dupe day, duge hudng ddn.
Ket qud thdng kd ciing cho thdy, gia trj dd lech chudn cua tdt cd cdc chi tieu ddu rdt ldn, gdn bdng vdi gia ttj trung binh, tuc cd sy bidn thidn (dp lech) ve vide sd dyng thdi gian cho cdc boat dOng ty hpc gifta cdc sinh vidn Id rdt ldn, ddc bipt hogt ddng tiiam gia Iam bdi tdp nhdm cd dp l?ch chudn rdt cao tiie hidn hogt ddng tham gia lam bai tdp nhdm gifta cdc thdnh vidn ttong nhdm chua ddng ddu, cd sinh vien su dyng ddn 3,3 tiet ldm bdi tap nhdm cho 1 tidt len ldp trong khi cd sinh vidn khdng danh
thdi gian eho hoat dOng nay. Ddy cung la hgn chd chung cua danh gid theo nliom neu cdc bidn phap kidm sodt chua chat che va y thftc ty gidc hpc t^p chua eao.
3.3 Cdc yen td anh humig den thdi gian ty hpc cua sinh vidn
Dft lidu dd dugc kidm tta vd khac phuc eac hidn tupng ty tuang quan (autocorrelation), da cpng tuyen (multicolinearity) vd phuang sai thay ddi (heteroskedasticity) trude khi dua vao phan lich bdi Stata 13, kdt qua phan tieh cac ydu td dnh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hpc ciia sinh vidn dugc trinh bdy d Bdng 4.
Bang 4: Ket qua md hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh xdc dinh cac yen td anh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hpc cua sinh vien
Bien dpe I^p Hang so (constant) Gioi tinh (Xi) Nai6(Xi) Diem d^u D^i hpc (X3) Hp dao tao (X4) NSm hgc dai hpc (Xs) Diem trung binh tich luy (Xe) Di lam thSm (X?) Ke hoach hpc tap nhanh (Xg) K I hoach hpc tap cham (X9) S6 tin chi dang ky hpc (Xio) Ty le hpc phan c6 BT nhdm (Xu) May tinh ca nhan (X12) Internet (Xu) R2 = 55,46%
Prob>F = 0,0000
Hes6 fi 3,648"*
-0,253"
0,3 84'"
0,069""
0,357"
0,041»«
0,528"*
-0,074' -0,019' 0,177"' -0,136"' 0,020"
0,113""
-0,118"
Sai sd chuin (SE) 0,753 0,115 0,147 0,027 0,173 0,072 0,125 0,036 0,009 0,289 0,028 0,008 0,131 0,130
P-value 0,000 0,028 0,009 0,007 0,039 0,565 0,000 0,051 0,087 0,539 0,000 0,033 0,389 0,385
*" Khdng cd y nghia thdng ke;' Co y nghia thong kid mirc Co y nghia thong ki d mirc y nghia 1 %
Ket qud phdn tieh d Bang 3 eho thdy, cdc ydu td thuOc vd ddc diem ca nhdn vd hogt dgng dao tgo cd dnh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hpc cua sinJi vidn. Bdn cgnh dd, cdc bidn trong nlidm ydu td ve phuang ti^n hh ttg ty hpc ddu khdng cd y nghTa thdng kd.
Phdt hidn ndy cho thdy, sinh vidn chua khai thdc tdt cdc phuang tidn h5 ttp ttr hgc (may tinh ca nhdn, internet) cho cac hogt dOng ty hpc.
Bidn gidi tinh cho didy, sinh vidn nam cd thdi gian ty hpc it ban sinh vidn nft. Bdn canh do, sinh vidn d ky tlie xd ciia nha trudng gianh nhidu thdi gian ty hgc han sinh vidn d nai khdc. Kdt qud nay tiid bidn mdi ttudng hpc tap va phong ttao hpc tdp cda sinh vidn d ky tftc xd sdi dOng hon cdc nai khac. Vdi hd sd duong eua bien diem ddu vdo dai hpc cho thdy nhftng sinh vidn cd diem thi dgi hpc
y nghia 10%; " Cd y nghia thong ki d mite y nghia 5%.
ddu vdo cang cao thi kha nang ty hpc cang ldn. Kdt qua nay hdm y rang chdt lugng ddu vdo thd hidn nang lyc ty hpc cua sinh vidn. Phdt hien ndy dugc khdng djnh them khi bidn didm trung binh tich luy cung cd hd sd tuang quan thuan vdi thdi gian ty hpc, nghTa la cac sinh vidn cang gidi, cdng danh nhidu thdi gian ty hgc han. Ben canh do, nghidn ciru cung phat hien nhung sinh vien cd ty Id hgc phdn dugc ydu cdu lam bai tap nhom cang nhidu thi ddnh nliieu thdi gian ty hgc han sinli vidn khdc.
Ngugc lai, viec di ldm them gid dd dnh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hgc cua sinli vidn, nhimg sinh vidn cd di lam thdm, thdi gian ty bpc it han sittii vidn khdng di lam them. Phat hidn nay tuang ty nhu nghidn cftu ciia Vossensteyn (2009). Ben canh do, nhirng sinh vien lap kd hoach tap nhanh, cd sd tin
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Truong Dgi hgc Can Tha Phdn C: Khoa hge Xd hgi. Nhdn van vd Gida dvc: 33 (2014): 84S9 chi ddng ky hpc cdng nhieu thi tiidi gian ty hgc se
cdng it.
Qua phdn ti'ch cdc ydu td dnh hudng ddn thdi gian ty hpc efta sinh vidn cho thdy boat dOng tu hpc eua sinh vidn phy thudc vdo nang lyc ed nhan efta sinh vidn, chdt lugng ddu vdo, phuang phap giang day, phuang phdp ddnh gid hgc phdn, tidn dp hgc t ^ ciia sinh vidn. Bdn canh do, nghidn ctiu ciii^
phdt hien, sinh vidn chua khai thac tdt eac sd vat chat ho ttg hogt ddng ty hpc, ty lam ^du kidn thftc cho minh.
4 KET LUAN
Nghien cftu phdn tich cdc ydu td dnh hudng ddn thdi gian tu hpc ciia sinh vidn Khoa Kinh td &
Qudn tri Kinh doanh dugc thyc hidn dya ttdn bd dir lipu khao sdt tu 523 sinh vidn. Kdt qud thdng kd cho thdy, hoat dpng ty hpc efta sinh vidn ddm bdo tdt ydu cdu cda hogt ddng ddo tao theo he thdng tin chi (2 tidt ty hpc eho 1 tiet ldn Idp). Kdt qua phan tich hdm hdi quy da bidn eho thdy, thdi ^an ty hgc cua sinh vien phu thuOc vdo nSng luc ca nhdn cua sinh vidn, chat lugng dau vdo, phuong phdp giang dgy, phuang phdp ddnh ^ d hpc phdn, tidn dd hgc tgp cda sinh vidn. Bdn canh do, nghidn cuu ciing phdt hidn, sinh vidn chua khai thdc tdt cdc sd vat chat ho ttg cho hogt dpng ty hpc, ty ldm gidu thdm kidn thftc cho minh. Nghidn ctiu khuydn nghi, cd vdn hpc tap cdn ddnh gid sau sat nang lyc hgc tap cila sinh vidn trudc khi cho sinh vidn xdy dyng, didu chinh kd hogch hpc tap dd hpc vugt tidn dp ciia chuang trinh. Bdn cgnh dd, phuong phdp ^dng day vd phuang phdp ddnh gid hgc phdn Id ydu td quan ttpng cd dnh hudng ddn ty hpc cua smh vidn, giao vidn cdn hudng dan cho sinh vidn ty hpc phdn kidn thdc bd sung cd lidn quan ddn hgc phdn giang dgy vd cd phuang phdp danh gid thich hgp cho hogt dpng ty hpc ndy. Vide td chftc bdi tap nhdm phdi di kdm vdi cdc bidn phdp quan ly tinh tham gia efta cdc thdnh vien ttong nhdm. Ben canh do, CO vdn hpc tgp vd cdc dodn thd cdn tang cudng hudng dan suih vidn sft dung ca sd vdt ciidt phyc vy ty hpc (mdy tinh cd nhan, internet). Sy tham gia tich cyc cua ed vdn hpc tap va tinh thdn niuet huydt eua gidng vidn la ndn tdng can bdn giup sinh vidn cdi thipn chdt lugng ty hpc, ty nang cao, md rdng kidn thftc cua minh di dap ftng ydu edu chdt lugng lao dOng ngay cang cao ciia xa hOi-
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Abdullah, Mardziah Hayati (2001), Self- Directed Learning, ERIC Digest.
2. Dominique Rabme-Bucknor (2010), i4(/u/^
Teaching and Leaming: Self-Directed Leaming, Application Paper, Colorado State University.
3. I.F. Kharlamop (1978), Phdt huy tinh tinh cue hgc tap cOa hgc sinh nhu thi ndo. Tap I, U, NXB Giao due, Hd NOi-
4. Gettinger, M. (1985)Time allocationed and time spent relative to time needed for learning as determinants of achienement, Joumal of Educational Psychology.
5. Glaser, R. (1991). The mattiring of tiie relationship between the science of learning and cognition and educational practice.
Leaming and instruction, J. 129-144.
6. Ld Cdng Tridm (2001), Boi dudng thdi gian tu hgc, ttf nghiin cuu cho sinh viin dgi hgc.
Tap chi Giao dye, sd 8, tt 30 - 35.
7. Nguydn Canh Toan (chu bien), Nguydn KJ, Vu Van Tao, Bui Tudng (1997), Qud trinh dgy - tu hgc, NXB Gido dye. Ha Npi 8. Vossensteyn, H. (2009). Challenges in
Student Financing: State Financial Support to Students - A Worldwide Perspective. Higher Education in Europe 34, no. 2: 171-187.
9. Walberg, H.J.,& Tsai, S.L. (1985).
Correlates of reading achievement and attitude: A national assessment study.
Jounuil of Educational Research, 1& (3), 159-167.
