Tgp chi Khoa hpc Tru&ng Dgi hpc Ciin Tho Tdp54Sd6D(2018) 224-232
Tap chi Khoa hgc Tru'dng Dai hpc Can Thd
Phan D: Kinh t e v a Phap lu$t website: sj.ctu.edu.vr)
DOI:10.22144/ctu.jvn.2018.115
MUC DO QUAN TAM CUA SINH VIEN TRU'COVG DAI HQC CAN THO
VE DI CHUYEN LAO D Q N G TRONG C Q N G D O N G k i N H TE ASEANLe Phan Xuan Nggc" va Le Tran Thien Y
Khoa Kinh li, Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho
'Ngudi chiu trdch nhijm ve bdi vief Le Phan Xuan Ngoc (email. lephanxuanngoc(a).gmad.com) ABSTRACT
This study is aimed to investigate the awareness of Can Tho University undergraduates in Mutual Recognition Agreements fields towards labour mobility within ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), and, as a result, to propose some suggestions to raise students' awareness of this issue This study uses descriptive statistics. Stages of Concern Questionnaires from Concerns-Based Adoption Model, crosstabs and Chi-square method to analyze the samples of 680 observations. Some important findings are.
firstly, 85% respondents have heard about AEC, yet only half of them have known about free movement of professionals within AEC; secondly.
in general, students are aware of, though not significantly, and expect to receive more information about this matter; thirdly, those with better individual ability or more positive attitude towards international labour mobility are more likely to have a higher level of concern. Therefore, several proposals which focus on enhancing communication activities as well as students's specialization and soft skills were made.
TOM T A T
Muc tieu cua nghiin ciru Id nhdm ddnh gid miic do quan lam ve di chuyen lao dgng (DCLD) trong Cgng dong kinh ti ASEAN (AEC) cua sinh viin Trudng Dgi hoc Cdn Tho a cdc linh vifc thuoc thoa thugn thira nhdn lan nhau trong ASEAN, tir do de ra bien phdp phii hop de ndng cao su quan tdm cita hg vi vdn di ndy Nghiin ciru sii dung lan lugt cdc phuong phdp ihong ke mo td, bdng cdu hoi cdc giai dogn cua su quan tdm tir mo hinh CBAM (Concerns-Based Adoption Model), phdn lich bdng chio vd kiem dinh Chi binh phuong di phdn tich mdu 680 quan sdt Nhung ket qud quan trgng tii nghien cihi bao gom: thif nhdt, 85% dap viin biit ve AEC, nhung chi khoang phdn niia so do biil den lifdoDCLD chuyin gia Irong AEC; thir hai nhin chung, sinh vien co quan tdm, dit chua thuc sir nhieu, vd mong muon co them thong tin vi vdn de; thir ba, sinh viin co ndng luc cd nhdn hoac thdi dg cdng lich cue ve DCLD quoc te thi cdng co mirc do quan tdm cao han. Tir nhihig kit qud ndy, cdc gidi phdp tgp trung vdo viic ndng cao hoat dong truyin thong vi DCLD trong AEC cUng nhu ndng cao ky ndng chuyin mon vd ky ndng mem cho sinh viin cdn duoc xem xit vd Ihuc hiin.
Trich din: Le Phan Xuan Ngpc va Le Trin Thien Y, 2018. Miic dp quan tam ciia sinh vien Trudng Dai hpc c i n Tho vd di chuygn lao ddng trong Cdng ddng kinh t i Asean. Tap chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dai hpc c i n T h o 54(6D)- 224-232.
Thong tin chung:
Ngdy nhdn bar 06/11/2017 Ngdy nhdn bdi sua- 22/12/2017 Ngdy duyet ddng: 31/08/2018
Title:
Can Tho University undergraduates's awareness of labor mobility within ASEAN Economic Community
Tir khoa:
Cgng dong kinh te ASEAN, cdc giai dogn cua su quan tdm, dl chuyen lao dgng, quan tdm. sinh viin, Trudng Dai hoc Cdn Tho Keywords:
ASEAN Economic Community.
awareness, Can Tho University, labour mobility.
Stages of Concerns, undergraduates
Tap chi Khoa hoc Tnrang Dai hoc Cdn Tha
1 GIOH T H I E U
Sau 50 nam thanh lap (1967 - 2017), Hiep hdi cac qudc gia Ddng Nam A (ASEAN) da cd nhiing budc tien Idn va ttd thanh ngn kinh te xgp thii 6 the gidi (The ASEAN Secretariat, 2016). Vao ngay 31/12/2015, 10 nude thanh vign da cimg ddng y k^- kit thanh lap Cdng ddng kinh t i ASEAN (AEC) vdi mdt ttong nhiing mye rigu quan trpng la tao lap mpt thi trudng don nhat, tu do di chuygn ve hang hda, dich vu, diu tu, vdn va lao ddng cd tay nghe (The ASEAN Secretariat, 2015). Xet tir gdc dp thi trudng lao ddng hon 630 trigu ngudi va thyc te 6,5 ttigu ngudi da xuit nhap cu ndi khdi chi rieng ttong nam 2013, AEC dugc danh gia se thiic day hon nua viec ttao ddi ngudn luc con ngudi ttong ASEAN (International Labour Organization, 2016).
Tinh din thang 7 nam 2017, ttong sd 93 chuyen nganh dao tao dai hoc tai Trudng Dai hpc Can Tho (DHCT), cd mpt sd nganh nghe thupc cac ITnh vyc cho phep di chuygn ty do lao ddng chuyen gia ttong ba Thoa thuan thira nhan lin nhau cua ASEAN, MRAs (Mutual Recognition Agreements) da dupe ky kgt, gdm Tu van ky thuat, Du lich, Kg toan - Kigm toan Do do, AEC dupe thanh lap se mang den nhieu ca hdi va thach thiic cho sinh vien, dac biet la cac sinh vien tdt nghiep tii ba lmh vuc da dugc neu tten
Da cd mdt sd cudc khao sat danh gia miic dp quan tam vg AEC ciia nha quan ly doanh nghiep dugc thyc hien bdi Vien nghien ciiu Ddng Nam A cua Singapore (ISEAS) va Ngan hang phat ttidn Chau A (ADB) (2013), Td chiic Lao ddng Qudc ti (ILO) (2014),... Rigng tai Viet Nam, 56,8% doanh nghigp tham gia vao Du an nghien ciiu khao sat
"Nhan thiic hpi nhJip kinh te qudc tg ciia doanh nghiep Viet Nam" chua bigt den va hiu nhu khdng quan tam den AEC (Gian Tu Trung vd ct\-, 2015).
Trong khi dd, tir phia ngudi lao dpng tiem nang, du cd ttgn 70% sinh vign tai mdt so trudng dai hoc d thanh phd Hd Chi Minh biit d i n AEC, da sd hp lai khdng he co su quan tam ve viec di chuygn lao ddng (DCLD) npi khdi (Truong Ngd Quynh Tran va Pham Thi Thu Thao, 2016).
Vay sinh vien Trudng DHCT, luc lupng cd tigm nang tham gia va chiu anh hudng tu DCLD trong AEC, cd quan tara tdi van dg nay khdng?
Ngu cd thi rairc dp quan tam nhu thg nao? Dg lam rd cau hdi nay, nghien cuu dupe thyc hien vdi muc lieu se danh gia duoc miic do quan tam ve DCLD ttong AEC ciia sinh vidn trudng DHCT va tir dd de xuat mdt sd giai phap phu hop giup nang cao sy quan lam ciia hp ve hoat ddng nay.
Tgp 54 S6 6D (2018): 224-232 2 C O S 6 L I T H U Y E T VA M 6 H I N H NGHlfiN CUtJ
2.1 Co-sd Ii thuyet
Quan tam la ho^t ddng tinh t h i n mang tirih ddng CO, lien quan d i n su chii y, td md ve mdt doi tupng nao dd gay nen su kich thich ve cam xiic va suy nghi (Hall et al., 1977). Cd thi noi, quan tam chinh la budc d i u tien d i hinh thanh nhan thiic, qua trinh phan anh bien chiing thg gidi khach quan vao bp nao con ngudi (Bd Giao due va Dao tao, 2009), va d i i vdi nhiing ngudi chua tirng sii dung qua radt ddi radi hay ddi tugng cd dien ra qua trinh thay ddi (innovation non-user), mirc dp quan tam va nhan thiic cua hp ddu nam d nhirng bac thap va khdng may khac biet nhau. Cy thg, do hoat ddng DCLD ttong AEC chua dupe hoan thien, nghien ciru chi tim higu va de cap dgn sy quan tam, thay vi nhan thiic, ciia dap vien ve van de nay
Mdi quan tam mang tinh chii quan ciia mdi ca nhan, tuy thudc vao nen lang ca nhan (gidi tinh, dan tpc, mdi trudng sdng,...), kien thuc v^ kinh nghigm (Hall et al., 1977). Ngoai ra, radi quan tam cua mpt ca nhan ddn mdt hanh vi hay mdt ddi tupng nhat dinh cdn chiu anh hudng cua cac nhan td ddng ca ttong Ly thuyet hanh vi du dinh (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991) nhu "thai dp", "chuan muc xa hdi"
va "kiem soat hanh vi" (Hd Huy Tun vd cfti., 2008;
Nguyen Xuan Cudng vd ctv., 2014).
Mdi quan tam la tuong ddi, thay ddi theo thdi gian tao thanh nhieu giai doan. Cu the, ciing mdt ddi tugng, ca nhan se ttai qua mdt sd radi quan tam nhat dinh mot each raanh rae, sau dd giam dan va nay sinh nhung mdi quan tam khac. Bang cau hdi cac giai doan cua sy quan tSm (SoCQ) tir md hinh CBAM (Concerns-Based Adoption Mode!) la mdt ttong nhirng phucmg phap dupe sir dung de xac dinh giai doan va mirc dp hay mdi quan tam cua ca nhan hay nhdm ca nhan ve nhiing dot mdi ttong giao dye va cac linh vyc xa hdi khac nhu nghg dieu dudng, vide tap thg due,... SoCQ gdm 35 cau tten thang do tu 0 dgn 7 da dugc chuan hda bdi nhom nghign cim, vdi cu 5 can hdi ttong bang SoCQ se dai dien cho 1 trong 7 giai doan ciia sy quan lam Sau khi thu sd lieu, tdng sd d i i m thd theo cac miic dp quan tam ttrong dng se dupe tinh loan cho tmng binh ca miu va quy v i diera phin ttara dd danh gia (SEDL el al, 2006).
2.2 Mo hinh nghien cu-u li thuyet Tuong ty nhu h i u hit cac nghien cuu trudc, nghign ciiu nay tap trung khara pha thai dp, hiiu biit va ngudn thdng tin v i AEC ciia khach thi nghien cuu (Das et al, 2013; Gian T u Trung vd ctv., 2015; Truong Ngd Quynh Tran va Pham Thi Thu Thao, 2016). Tuy nhien, d i cd c o sd khoa hoc
Tgp chi Khoa hpc 1 lg Dai hpc Cdn Tha nham dg xuat giai phap nang cao su quan tam cua sinh vien v i DCLD ttong AEC, nghign cuu cdn tim hieu radi quan he tuong quan giiia cdc bign (khdng di sau vao chung minh mdi quan he nhan qua) ttong md hinh ly thuydt cac mdi hen he ciia sy
Tap 54 So 6D (2018): 224-232 quan tam (Hinh 1). Md hinh nay dugc thigt kg dua vao khai nigm cua su quan tam va ly thuyet TPB, gdm cac nhan td cd kha nang tac ddng, ddng thdi, bd sung cac hanh vi chuan bi nhu bidn cd kha nang chiu tac ddng ciia su quan tam.
Mong mudn lam viec d nude | ngoai Y dinh thara gia Danh gia tac ddng
Didm hgc tap
Diem ren luyen Su quan tara Tira kiem thdng tin
Chuan bi ke hoach
Ky nang mem Ddnh gia dp khd-de Muc dp kien dinh vdi chuyenff
: Mo hinh ly thuyet cac moi lien he cua su q u a n tam Ngudn: Md hinh dixudt
2.3 Thang do
Nghign cuu sir dyng thang do thu bac va thang do Likert 5 miic dp de dat cau hdi do ludng cac nhan td cd kha nang tac ddng va chiu tac ddng trong mdi quan he tuong quan vdi muc dp quan tam. Ben canh do, sir dung SoCQ, thudc md hinh CBAM, nhung chi van dung 20 cau hdi tu giai doan 0 ddn 3 ttong dg danh gia miic dp (hay giai doan) cua sy quan tam. Tuy nhign, khi kigm dinh Bang 1: Thang do Likert 3 m u c d$ do ludng c^c b i i n
mdi quan hg giiia cac bien thi khdng cd y nghia (tan suat ki vgng nhd hon 5 ddu cd ti le a > 20%), ngn sd ligu thu thap cua tit ca cac bien dupe gom nhdm v i thang do Likert 3 mirc dd (tidu cue, tmng lap va tich eye), dugc cho la khdng anh hudng den dp tin cay va tinh hpp le (Jacoby and Matell, 1971), va xem xet mdi quan hg vdi kgt qua tu danh gia chii quan ve miic dd quan tam ciia moi dap vign (Bang I).
TT Bien
1 Tu danh gia muc dp quan tam hign tai 2 Mong mudn lam viec d nude ngoai 3 Y dinh thara gia
4 Danh gia tac dpng ddi vdi ban than 5 Kgt qua hoc tap
6 Ket qua ren luyen 7 Ky nang mgm
8 Danh gia do khd cua viec tham gia 9 Miic dp kien djnh vdi chuygn nganh 10 Hanh vi tim kiim thdng tin 11 Hanh vi chuan bi kg hoach
Khdng quan tam Khdng Khdng Tieu cue Trung binh yen Trung binh yen Trung binh yen Khd Khdng Khdng Chua cd
Cd quan tam Se can nhac Se can nhac Binh thudng Trung binh - Kha Trung binh - Kha Trung binh - Kha Binh thudng Se can nhac Bj dgng Dang len kg hoach
Rat quan tam Cd Cd Tich cue Kha tdt - tdt Kha tdt - tdt Kha tdt - tdt De Cd Chu ddng Dang thuc hien
3 PHU^ONG P H A P N G H I E N ClTU3.1 P h y o n g p h a p thu t h ^ p s i li^u Dg tai dugc thyc hien tir thang 06 dgn thang 11 nam 2017. Trong dd, sd ligu so cip dugc thu thap
tir thang 09 den thang 10 nara 2017 bang phuong phap phi xac suat, chpn mau thuan tien thdng qua viec giii bang cau hdi can tnic den dia chi thu dien tit (email) ciia tat ca cac sinh vign thudc gidi han khao sat. Sau thdi gian khao sal, thu v i dugc 630
Tap chi Khoa hoc Tnc&ng Bgi hpc Cdn Tha Tgp 54 SS 6D (2018) 224-232 thiiu 392 quan sat, theo cdng diirc: n = 7 7 ^ ^ ^ - ttong dd, tdng t h i (N) la 20 710 sinh vien va sai so phieu tra Idi hpp le tir sinh vien cua chin khoa, vdi
da sd la sinh vien tir Khda 40 ddn 42 (moi Khda chiem tir 23-35" ^ nhiing ddi tupng chac chan chua tdt nghiep o tat ca cac nganh (Bang 2). Day '^^' ' " •"''"' Cling la cd mau phii hop de tidn hanh phan tich, tdi
Bang 2: Thong ke so lutmg sinh vien va dap vien thupc d i i tuong khao sat phan theo Khoa/Vi^n
TT Khoa/Vien
Cac nganh khao sat Bap vi£n So lugng Sinh vien Khoa 39 So lutmg Ty le
(nganh) d i n 42 (ngu-di) (nguoi) (%) 1 Khoa Cdng nghe
2 Khoa Cdng nghg Thdng tin & Truyen thdng 3 Khoa Khoa hoc Xa hdi & Nhan van 4 Khoa Kmh t i
5 Klioa Mdi trudng & Tai nguygn Thien nhien 6 Khoa Ndng nghiep & Sinh hoc U'ng dung 7 Khoa Phat tnen Ndng thdn 8 Khoa Thuy san
Q Vien Nghien cuu Phat ttien Ddng Bang Sdng Cuu Long
5.774 2.903 521 1.324 2.308 4.890 693 1.717
136 92 14 68 102 134 31 39
22 15
2
11 16 215 6
Tdng
Ngudn: Vdn phdng Dodn Thanh nien Tnr&ng DHCT, 09/2017 vd so lieu khdo sdt, 2017 3.2 Phuong phap phan tich so tieu
Dau tien, phuong phap thdng kg md ta dupe sir dung dg tira higu cac bign ttong md hinh nghien cim, nhu hidu bigt ve AEC, cac ngudn thdng lin v i AEC,.. Bgn canh cau hdi ty danh gia chung, nghign ciiu sd dung Bang cau hdi Cac giai doan ciia sy quan tara (SoCQ) dg do ludng miic dp quan tam vg DCLD ttong AEC. Sau dd, kiem dinh Chi binh phuong (d miic y nghia 5%) dupe ap dyng dg kiem dinh mdi quan he giiia hai bign dinh tinh va He sd hen hop dg tinh dp raanh cac cap quan hg iy.
Cudi cimg, tdng hop thong lin tir tai lieu tham khao, phan tich va y kign ciia dap vien, nham dg xuat giai phap, kign nghi ddi vdi lanh dao Trudng
Bang 3: Nhirng thong tin v i A E C ma dap vien da biet
DHCT vg each tuyen truygn phii hpp cho sinh vign vd AEC.
4 KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 4.1 Kien thiic chung ve A E C
Tdng sd ngudi dugc hdi timg nghe va cd biet ve AEC la tten 85%. Trong sd dd, gin 9 5 % da biit it nhat mdt khia canh nao do ciia AEC. Cu thg, cd khoang 2/3 sd ho biet "AEC gdra 10 nude thanh vign ASEAN", 2/5 biet rang "AEC se cho phep tu do di chuygn lao ddng chuyen gia". Trong khoang thdi gian tir cudi 2015 din diu 2016, AEC da duac rat nhieu phuong tien truyen thdng nhic den, nhung chi cd khoang 1/4 smh vign bigt thdi gian thanli lap chinh thiic ciia AEC la nam 2015 (Bang 3).
Tan s u i t T y i i ( % ) Tung nghe ve AEC
AEC gdm 10 nude thanh vien ASEAN AEC dugc thanh lap vao nam 2015 AEC van dang ttong qua ttinh hoan thign
AEC duoc thyc hign thdng qua cac Hiep dinh, Thoa thuan,...
AEC da thda thuan thira nhan lan nhau ttong 8 linh vuc nganh nghg AEC se cho phep ttr do di chuygn lao dpng chuyen gia
"Ty do di chuyen trong AEC" chi mdi giiip khau Giay phep lao ddng Khdng biet thdng tin nao
536 416 162 190 303 154 269 222 31
85 66 26 30 48 24 43 35
5
TdngNgudn: Sd lieu Ithdo sdt. 2017
Tgp chi Khoa hpc Truang Dai hoc Can Tha 4.2 Cac nguon thdng tin vg AEC Ket qua khao sat cho thiy, dai tmyin hinh, dai phat thanh, sach, bao, cac i n phim khac va website tin tiic la nhiing ngudn phd biin nhit ma smh vien thu nhan dugc thdng tin v i AEC. Tuy nhien, cac kenh thdng tin nay chi thudng gnip ggi nhac tgn goi diudng xuyen, hon la cung cip nhirng npi dung Bang 4: Thir tu' im tien eac nguon thSng tin va mong
Tdp 54. Sd 6D (2018) 224-232 chi tlii. Trong khao sat, thdng tin tir giang vien vg AEC la ngudn thdng tin ma dap vien tiep can thudng xuygn cung nhu ua thich Ben canh do, tir y kign ddng gdp cua dap vien, hdi thao cd sy gdp mat cua chuyen gia va mang xa hpi cGng la nhiing nai ma hp mong mudn nhan dugc thdng tin ve di chuyen lao dpng trong AEC nhat (Bang 4).
mudn cap nhat thdng tin ve AEC TT Ngudn thong tin Cung cap thdng tin Mong muon cap nhSt
Sach, bao, tap chi, cac an pham khac Dai truygn hinh, dai phat thanh Internet (website, mang xa hdi,...) Giang vien
Chuygn gia Cac hoat ddng ngoai khda
II I III IV
IV
Nguon. So lieu khdo sdt, 2017 4.3 Muc do quan tam
Thdng kg cac phigu khao sat cho thay da sd cac cau nham danh gia mirc do quan tam theo SoCQ va danh gia chu quan deu nhan dugc miic ddng tinh tnmg binh ddn kha ddng tinh (mode la 3 hoac 4) Trong do, dang chii y la hai cau 10 va 13 nhan duoc sy ddng y cao hon han, thg hien mdi quan tam lien quan den loi ich ca nhan, cu thg nhu thay ddi con dudng su nghiep neu tham gia DCLD ttong AEC va ly do hp nen DCLD qudc te ttong AEC thay vi cac co hdi khac tuong ty. Rieng ddi vdi nhan dinh thii 2 "Hien tai, tdi khdng quan tam den vigc DCLD ttong AEC", tryc tiep lien quan van de nghien cuu, da sd dap vidn deu tta Idi "Phan nao khdng dimg vdi lot" (mode la 2) cho thay viec
.0,-92
hp that su "cd quan tam" den su kien nay, phu hpp vdi cau tra loi tdng quat sau do (Bang 5).
Sau khi tinh tdng diem thd va diem phan tram trung binh cho ca mau theo timg mirc dp theo bang quy ddi cua SoCQ, miic dd quan tam d giai doan 0 la cao nhit (Hinh 2) Tuy vay, theo SoCQ, ddi vdi nhdm chua timg su dung, su bien ddng d giai doan 0 khdng quan ttpng b i n g mdi quan he tuong ddi ciia giai doan 1 va 2. Va, vdi vi tti ttrong ddi cao ciia ca ba miic do 0, 1,2 ttong bieu do, nhdm smh vien dupe khao sat, dii khdng quan tam dang kg vg DCLD ttong AEC, hp thg hien su hiing thii tim h i i u them v i van de, chu ygu la nhiing thdng tm chung, ca ban va cd mdi hgn quan mat thiet den ban than hp thay vi nhiing tac dpng cua van dg den cac ben cd lign quan.
67,27
(0) Khdng ( I ) Thong tin (2) Ca nhan (3) Quan ly quan tam
Giai doan/Miic dp
Hinh 2: Diem phan tram trung binh cac giai doan cua s u quan tam cua man Ngudn. So tieu khdo sdt, 2017
Tap chi Khoa hpc Tneong Dai hoc Cdn Tha Tdp 54. So 6D (2018) 224-232
Bang 5: Trung binh va mode ciia cdc nhan dinh nham dinh gia muc dp quan tSm
NhSn djnh Trung binh Mode SoCQ - Giai doan 0: Khong quan tam
1. Tdi dang quan tam dgn cac ca hdi DCLD qudc te khac ngoai AEC 2,96 3 2. Hien tai, tdi khdng quan tam den vigc DCLD ttong AEC 2,42 2 3. Tdi dang ban tam den nhiing van de khac thay vi DCLD trong AEC 3,00 3 4. Tdi danh rat it thai gian suy nghi vd viec DCLD ttong AEC 3,08 3 5. Hien tai, nhirng im tien khac ngan can su chii y cua tdi den DCLD ttong AEC 3,27 3 SoCQ - Giai doan 1; Thdng tin _ _ _ _ _ _ ^
6. Tdi cd kign thuc han chg ve DCLD trong AEC 3,28 3 7. Tdi mudn tim hidu them ve tinh kha thi ciia viec DCLD ttong AEC 3,74 4 8. Trudng hpp tdi mudn tham gia, tdi mudn biet cac ngudn thdng lin san cd ve DCLD _ __
trong AEC ' 9. Tdi mudn biet yeu cau ttong thdi gian sdp tdi cua vigc DCLD ttong AEC 3,57 4
10. Tdi mudn biet tai sao DCLD ttong AEC lai tdt han cac co hpi viec lara khac 3,76 5 SoCQ - Giai doan 2: Cd nhSn
11. Tdi raudn bigt tac dpng ciia viec DCLD ttong AEC den dia vi xa hdi ciia minh 3,54 3 12. Tdi mudn biit dau la nhirng co quan tham quygn ttong viec DCLD ttong AEC 3,60 4 13. Tdi raudn biet con dudng sy nghiep ciia tdi se thay ddi nhu the nao neu tdi thara
gia DCLD ttong AEC _ ' ^ 14. Tdi mudn cd thgm nhieu thdng tin kip thdi va cara ket hd trp lien quan den
DCLD ttonp AEC
15. Tdi mudn biet vai trd ciia minh se thay ddi nhu thg nao ngu DCLD ttong AEC 3,68 4 SoCQ - Giai dogn 3: Quan ly
16. Tdi lo ngai rang minh khdng dii thdi gian de chuan bj cho DCLD ttong AEC 3,13 3 17. Tdi lo ngai vg quygn lpi va trach nhiem khi tham gia DCLD ttong AEC 3,51 3 18. Tdi lo ngai vg viec khdng the dap ung cac yeu cau ciia vigc DCLD ttong AEC 3,57 4 19. Tdi lo ngai ve thai gian phai bd ra cho nhiing van di khdng tryc tigp lien quan
den DCLD ttong AEC ^'"^ ^ 20. Nhiing vigc cin lam di DCLD trong AEC thi tdn nhiiu thdi gian cua tdi 3,12 3 Tu danh gid chung
Nhin chung, hien lai, ban cd quan lara cua minh din DCLD ttong AEC khdng? 2,94 3 Ghi chil • 1 = Hoan todn khdng dung v&i toi; 2 = Phdn ndo khong diing v&i tdi; 3 = Phdn ndo dimg vcri tor, 4 = Khd
dimg V&I toi; 5 = Hoan loan dimg v&i Idi.Ngudn- So liiu khao sdt, 2017
4.4 Moi quan he giira cac bien vdi mirc dp ^^o ddng ttgn 0,3 diem giiia muc dp quan tam vdi quan tam ' timg hanh vi chuan hi cho DCLD ttong AEC, bao gdm tim kiem thdng tin vi AEC va chuin bi ke Tat ca cac bien dupe xgp vao nhdm cac nhan td hoach tuong lai trong AEC. Diiu nay cho thdy khi tac dgng ttong nghien ciiu deu cd lien he vdi miic dap vign quan tam ddn raot khia canh dii nhd ttong do quan tam ve DCLD ttong AEC vdi khoang tin AEC, la DCLD, ho cung se cd xu hudng thuc hign cay 95%. Nhin chung, khi mpt ttong cdc bien nay cac hanh vi tim hilu va chudn bi sdm hon cho tang theo chieu hudng tdt hon thi mirc dp quan tam tuong lai ttong bdi canh AEC Kit qua nay la phu ciia ddp vien cung tang len (Bang 6). hop vdi mo hinh TPB vdi muc dp quan tam chinh
v i phia cac nhan td hi tac ddng, qua kiim dinh ^^^X ^he cho vj tri ciia "Du dinh hanh vi".
Chi binh phuong, phat hien mdi lien he vdi dp Idn
3,67
50,310 156,800 11,448 11,039 10,659 31,105 29,822 10,285 57,506 110,000
0,272 0,446 0,138 0,131 0,129 0,217 0,213 0,127 0,311 0.386
Tap chi Khoa hoc Tnrdng Dgi hpc Cdn Tha ^^P ^4 So 6D (2018) 224-232 Bang 6: K e t qua k i i m flinh moi q u a n h i giira cac bien vdi Mux dg quan tSmT T Bien Chi binh phuxmg H? s6 lien h y p 1 Mong mudn lam viec d nude ngoai
2 '^ dinh tham gia
3 Ddnh gid tac dpng ddi vdi bdn than 4 Kgt qud hpc tap
5 Ket qua ren luygn 6 Ky nang m i m
7 Danh gid dp khd cua viec thara gia 8 Miic dp kidn djnh vdi chuygn nganh 9 Hanh vi tim kiim thdng tin 10 Hanh vi chuan bi ke hoach Ngudn: Sd lieu khdo sdt. 2017
4.5 De xuat giai p h a p
Qua lupc khao tai lieu, nghien ctru chpn loc va kel hgp mdt sd y kien phu hgp vdi radi trudng dai hpc tu gidi phdp ciia cac nghien cim trudc, nhu: ddi mdi chuong trinh dao tao hudng tdi mye lieu tao ra ngudn lao ddng ky nang cao, tang tinh kit hgp giua npi tai, giiia doanh nghiep va co sd dao tao, xay dung va nang cao chat lugng hg thdng trung tam dich vu viec 1dm (Phan The Cdng va Hd Thi Mai Suong, 2015); td chiic nhidu eugc hdi thao, budi
Bang 7: Tdm t i t cdc de xuat nhdm nang cao mirc do q u a n t a m ctia sinh vien v i DCLD trong A E C TT Npi dung chinh Giai p h a p de x u i t
giao luu ve AEC (Truong Ngd Quynh Tran va Phara Thi Thu Thao, 2016),... Ben canh dd, qua ket qua phan lich, cdc ngudn tham khao va thuc tign tai Trudng DHCT, nghign cuu tap tnmg dg xuat cac giai phap mdi nham nang cao ky nang mgm, sy ty tin ciia sinh vien cung nhu nhirng giai phap lien quan den viec truygn thdng cho sinh vidn ve hdi nhap ndi chung va DCLD ttong AEC ndi ndng, gitip hp cd them thdng tm va thai dp tich eye hon vg cdc vdn de dd (Bdng 7).
- Hdi thao, tap huan,... bdi dai dien cdc ca quan chiic nang va nhiing lao ddng da timg DCLD trong ndi khdi ASEAN
- Bai giang, bai tap, giao luu chuygn gia... ttgn ldp
- Giri ban lin djnh ky qua email den sinh vien ttong pham vi quan ly kera dudng 2 Truygn thdng qua lien ket din website
Internet - Khuyen khich theo doi trang ngng ciia don vi tten mang xa hdi - Bd sung thgm cac bai vigt mang tinh chia se
- Bd sung hpc phan va sd tin chi cua cdc hoc phan chuyen nganh, Ihuc hanh, kien tap, thyc tap, . ddng thdi bd bdt vd Idng ghep ndi dung cac hpc phan ly thuyet hay kem thuc te vao hpc phan khac
- Ddra bdo dii va su dung hieu qua mdy radc, thiet bi, phan mem img dyng,...
- Tiep tuc phat huy va md rdng dich vy gidi thieu vide lam ban thdi gian, cdng tac vien, thyc tap, toan thdi gian, ..
- Bd sung hoac tang cudng hpc phan Tin hpc va Anh van chuydn nganh - DJt tigu chuan tigng Anh dau ra
- Hd ttg va phat tnen cac can lac bd, dpi nhdm hien cd
- Sang tao va ca nhan hda each giang day hpc phan ky nang mdm hien tai - Dua ndi dung hdi nhap, ASEAN, AEC,... trong cdc hoat ddng ngoai khda Truyen thdng
ttong giang day
Nang cao kidn thiic va ky nang chuygn mdn
Nang cao ky nang mem
(1) Vg truyen thdng ttong gidng day, Trudng DHCT can td chirc cdc budi hdi thao cd sy tham gia ciia cac co quan chiic nang tai Viet Nam lign quan tdi AEC nhu Ban Thu ky ASEAN tai Viet Nam, cac Uy ban gidm sdt cua Vigt Nam, Bd Xdy dyng. Lien higp hpi Khoa hpc Ky thuat, Hdi Kiem loan vien hanh nghg Viet Nam, Tdng cue du ljch,... cho can bd, giang vien va sinh vien. Tir dd, khdng chi rieng timg ca nhan tham dy se hieu them
g AEC, ma dudi gdc dp cua giang vien, ho cdn cd the dua cac ndi dung nay vao bai gidng hoac cac bai tap trdn ldp, gnip cai thign sy quan lam ciia sinh
(2) Ve truyen thdng qua Internet, Trudng DHCT can khuyen khich cac don vj tiep tyc sir dung kdt hpp va thudng xuyen cac hinh thirc khac nhau (website chinh thiic, email sinh vien vd mang xa hdi) bang each nhu: hd trg tan sinh vign hinh
Tap chi Khoa hoc Tnrdng Dai hpc Cdn Tlia thanh thdi quen sir dung email nhu each giao tiip can ban ttong radi trudng dai hpc, dp dung hinh thiic ban lin dinh ky (newsletter) cd dudng din din website dinh kera ttong email; khuyen khich nhirng sinh vign cd sii dyng mang xa hdi theo ddi cac fanpage ciia nhiing don vi ho quan tam d chg dp
"Xem trudc";, .
(3) Vg nang cao kien thiic va ky nang chuyen mdn, cdc Khoa ngn can nhac viec bd sung sd hpc phan va sd tin chi ciia cdc hoc phan chuydn nganh, cac tigt thyc hanh, kien tap, thyc lap cho sinh vign.
Tuy nhien, dg can bang cudc sdng cung nhu khdng lam thay ddi qud nhieu ve thai gian tdt nghiep va hpc phi, viec giam bdt nhiing hpc phan ly thuyet chua phli hgp vdi mye dich eiia chuong ttinh dao tao timg nganh va long ghep ndi dung cac hpc phan dd vao nhiing hpc phan thiet thuc hon can nen dupe xem xet Cac thiet bi, may mdc, cdng nghe Cling phai duoc ddm bao ve sd luong va cap nhat thudng xuyen Hien nay, cac don vi, vdi sy khich le ciia trudng da thyc hign nhigu hoat ddng cd y nghia hd ttg, gidi thigu - tu vin viec lam nen can thyc hien rapt cdch phd bien han nhu: radi dai dien doanh nghiep tham gia chia se kinh nghiem, kign thitc ttong cac budi seminar hay tham gia gidng day mdt phan ciia mdn hoc; lien he doanh nghiep dd sinh vien den tham quan, kign tap; dang thdng tin tuyen dyng;..
(4) Ve nang cao ky nang mgm, Trudng nen hd ttg cdc Khoa sdm bd sung hoc phan Tin hpc va Anh van chuygn nganh phii hpp vdi nhu cau cua doanh nghiep, thuc thi nghiem ngat quy trinh danh gia trinh dp tieng Anh dau ra lam mye lieu phin dau cho sinh vidn; ddi vdi cdc ky nang da dugc thiet kg thanh hpc phan giang day (ky nang giao tigp, giai quyet van dg,.. ), giang vien cin tham khao each thyc hien giang day sang tao vd tao nhieu ca hdi thuc hanh cho ngudi hoc, chinh sira tryc tigp cho tung cd nhan qua gdp y, tu vin ciia giang vien vd cdc ban hpc khac, ..; tao radi trudng de sinh vign ren luyen thudng xuyen thdng qua cac hoat ddng van hda - thg thao raang tinh tap thi, cac cau lac bd, cac cupc thi hpc thuat, ca hdi lam them, cdng tac vien, thuc tap tai doanh nghigp, cdc ttai he ngan han, giao luu sinh vign,... Trong dd, cdc hoat ddng nay nen bd sung cac ndi dung v i hpi nhap, nhac nhigu hon den ASEAN va AEC,... giiip nhirng khdi niem nay trd nen gan giii hon vdi sinh vien.
4.6 Han che va k h u y i n nghj
Vg npi dung nghien ciiu, dg tai chi tap trung vao mdt khia canh nhd ciia radt co hpi hdi nhap khu vyc, cu thg la DCLD ttong AEC, thay vi ca tdng quan v i AEC hay hpi nhap qudc id ndi chung.
Tgp 54. S6 6D (2018)' 224-232 Hon thi nua, do ndi dung nay dang ttong qua ttmh hoan thien ngn nhimg khai nigm lign quan dgu cdn kha mdi me va chua ro rang ddi vdi nhung ngudi tham gia khao sat.
v i md hinh vd phuong phap nghidn ciiu, khdng c6 nhiiu nghien ciru kinh t i thiet kd dugc mdt md hinh hoan chmh v i nhan td tac ddng va chiu tac ddng bdi sy quan tam ciia radt ca nhan hay nhdm ddi vdi mpt hien tupng hay sy kien xa hpi. Vi nhung li do ttgn, d i tai khdng cd du cac co sd ly thuygt va cac tai ligu thara khao de tien hanh phan tich dinh lugng mdt each khoa hpc nhat raa chi cd the dya vao cdc phdt hien ciia cac nghien ciru va cac md hinh nghien ciru cd hgn quan dg kiem tra cdc gia thuyet vd tim each dat dugc cdc mye lieu dat ra ban dau.
Ve pham vi nghign ciiu, do gidi han v i thdi gian vd tai chinh, nghien cuu chi dimg lai d viec nghign ciiu raiic dp quan tam vg DCLD ttong AEC tu phia sinh vien thudc nhiing ITnh vyc MRAs tai Trudng DHCT, ma khdng khao sat d pham vi rdng hon hay bao gdm nhiing ddi tupng khac co hieu biet sau hon ve van dd. Co mau nhd da cd tdc ddng den y nghia kigm dinh cdc mdi quan he ttong md hinh dg xuat, cung nhu han chg vg sd lugng y kien ddng gdp cho don vj dao tao.
Tu nhiing ban che tren, viec nghign cim "Cac nhan td tac ddng va chiu tac ddng ciia sy quan tam den cdc hien tugng xa hdi" dupe d i xuit, tii do xay dyng CO sd ciing cd cho md hinh ttong de tai nay.
Nhiing nghidn cuu tuong tu vdi ndi dung v i hpi nhap qudc te ndi chung, hay nghien ciiu chi tigt vg each thyc hien DCLD ttong AEC ciing cd the dupe can nhac thyc hien. Ngoai ra, viec tai nghign ciiu lai van de nay d pham vi rdng hon khi AEC da hodn thign ciing se rat cd y nghTa, bdi viec sinh vien hoac ngudi lao ddng cd san sang tham gia vao hoat ddng DCLD ttong AEC hay khdng se cd anh hudng dgn su thdnh cdng ciia Cdng ddng ASEAN.
5 K E T L U A N
Hien tai, cd tdng cpng 43 nganh do Trudng DHCT dao t^o (cd 2 khoa ciing md 1 nganh) thupc 3 linh vuc nira ttong MRAs, gdm MRA v i Tu vin ky thuat. Kg toan - Kiim toan va Du lich. Qua diiu tta sinh vign thudc ddi tugng khao sdt, tten 85%
biit vg AEC, nhung chua d i n mdt niia sd dd biit ve tu do DCLD chuygn gia ttong AEC. K i t qua phan tich tu SoCQ cho thiy phin ddng sinh vien cd quan tam, dii chua thyc sy nhiiu, va mong raudn cd thera thdng tin ve vg DCLD trong AEC
Kigradinh mdi quan hg giira miic do quan tam vdi cac ygu Id cd lien quan, chi ra r i n g sinh vien co digm tich luy va ren luygn cang cao, hay cdng cd
Tgp chi Khoa hpc Tntaiig Dpi hoc Can Tha thai dp tich eye v i DCLD qudc l i ndi chung va van dg dugc hdi ndi ndng, cang cd xu hudng quan tam nhiiu hon din DCLD trong AEC, va nhiing dap vidn cd miic dp quan tam cao, cang cd tam ly chuan bj hoac mong mudn tham gia nhieu hon
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