NANG CAO HIEU QUA CUA NGUYEN TAC GIAI QUYET TRANH CHAP QUOC TE
B A N GBIEN PHAP HOA BINH TRONG LINH VlTC LUAT BIEN QUOC TE
DAO THI THU HUCNG'*'
Tom tdt: Bdi vii't nhdn dien vd phdn tich nhiing kho khan, vUdng mac trong thuc tiin dp dung nguyen toe gidi quyet cdc tranh chdp qudc te'bdng bien phdp hda binh; de xudt mot sd gidi phdp hodn thiin phdp ludt quoc te nham ndng cao gid tri vd hiiu qud cua nguyin tdc ndy trong viic gidi quyet tranh chdp qudc ti'noi chung, gidi quyet tranh chdp trong Unh vUc Luat Bien qudc ti'noi rieng.
TU khoa: Nguyin tdc cO bdn cua phdp lugt qudc te; gidi quyet tranh chdp qudc te; bien phdp hoa binh; Cong lidc Lugt Biin; Lugt Biin qud: te, ...
Abstract: The paper identified and analyzed difficulties and inadequacies in applying the principle of peaceful settlement of international disputes in order to offer some recommendations in improving international laws to facilitate conflict resolution by peaceful means in conflict settlement in general and in the field of Law of the Sea in particular.
Keywords: Principle of international law; resolving international dispute; peaceful means;
UNCLOS; Law of the Sea.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 28/3/2019; Ngdy sHa bdi: 10/4/2019; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 2614/2019.
Thtfc tien ap dung cac nguyen tdc cd ban ciia phap luat qudc td' da eho thay, cac nguydn tSc nay la cd sd nen tang cho vide giai quyet cac tranh cha'p qudc te ndi chung, cac tranh chap ve bien, dao ndi rieng. Tuy nhien, v l n cdn cd mdt so' npi dung cua cac nguydn tac cdn chUa dUdc quy dinh rd rang, cu the ndn d i n dd'n each giai thich, ap dung thid'u thdng nha't cua cac chu thd lien quan theo each ed ldi cho minh nha't, dan de'n tinh trang khd khan, vUdng mac trong thiic tien thtfc Men. Do vay, de dam bao cho vide ap dung cac nguydn tac cd ban cua phap luat qudc te', ma dac bidt la nguyen tac giai quyet tranh cha'p qud'e td' bang cae bidn phap hda binh mpt each thd'ng nha't, hieu qua vao giai quydt eac tranh cha'p trong linh viic Luat Bien, trong do cd cac tranh cha'p tai khu vQc Bien Dong, mot so quy
dinh cua phap luat qud'e td' can dUdc hoan thien theo hudng sau:
1. Vd n g h i a vu giai quyet cac t r a n h c h a p b a n g bidn p h a p hoa binh
Giai quyd't cac tranh chap bang bidn phap hda binh la rapt trong nhiing nguydn tac cd ban cua phap luat qud'e td' dupc khang dinh trong Hie'n chUdng LHQ"^\
Tuydn hd 1970'^', cung nhQ trong Cdng Udc cua Lidn hdp qudc ve Luat Bien (UNCLOS)*^'. Tuy nhien, vd vide ed tdn tai mpt nghia vu phai giai quyd't tranh cha'p
''* TS. Khoa Luat, Dai hgc Quoc gia Ha Noi, Email: [email protected] '" Lien hop quoc (1945), Hien chUtfng, Dieu 2.
'^' Tuy&n bo' nam 1970 cua Dai Hoi dong Lign hdp quoc ve nhiing nguyen tdc cua Lugt qud'e tedieu chinh quan he hau nghi vd hap tdc gida cdc quoc gia phii hap vdi Hien chuang Lien htfp quoc.
'^> Lien hop quoc (1982), Cong Udc cua Lien hap qudc vi Ludt Bien, Dieu 279, 280.
sd 5-2019 NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA HOI Q
NANG CAO HIEU QUA CUA NGUYEN TAC GIAI QUYET TRANH CHAP...
hay khong hoac cac qudc gia co quyen khdng giai quydt tranh cha'p, de mac cho tranh cha'p tdn tai giiia ho vdi nhau hay khong thi trdn thiie te vSn cdn nhidu each thQc giai thich khac nhau.
Quan diem thQ nha't cho rang nguyen tac nay khdng ap dat mot nghia vu phai giai quyet tranh chap ma quy dinh nghia vu tim kiem gidi phdp, nghia la: cdc quoc gia khong co nghia vu phdi gidi quyet
tranh chdp qudc te, nhung nd'u ho quyd't dinh giai quyet tranh cha'p qudc te dd thi se phai tuan thu nghia vu sQ dung bien phap hda binh^'*'. Nhu vay, cac qud'e gia hoan toan cd the dd mac cho tranh cha'p tdn tai ma khdng giai quyet, trQ trUdng hdp tranh cha'p ca'u thanh mdi de dpa dd'n hda binh va an ninh qudc te. Cae hpe gia ung hd quan diem nay (nhU Ian Brownhe, Malcolm N. Shaw, James Crawford) chu ydu diia tren cd sd la "cac qud'e gia cd chu quyen, theo nghia la nd cd day du tham quyen dd hanh dpng khdng chi bdn trong ma cdn ben ngoai, dd ky kd't hoac khdng Iiy ke't eac dieu U6c qudc td' va cae cam kd't khac, de quan he hoac khdng quan he vdi cac qud'e gia khac theo nhidu each, de ddng y hoac khdng ddng y giai quyet cac tranh cha'p qud'e td*''^'. Ngoai ra, Nghi quyd't 57/26 cua Dai hdi ddng LHQ ngay 3/2/2003 ve Ngan ngQa va Giai quyet hda binh tranh cha'p cung chi gidi ban d vide "khuyen khich cac qud'e gia giai quyd't tranh cha'p cang sdm cang td't"*^'. Thuc te cung cho tha'y, khi cd mot tranh cha'p phat sinh, eac quoc gia va cdng dong qud'e te chi keu gpi cac ben cung nhau giai quyd't tranh chap va khdng sQ dung vQ liic; cac ldi kdu gpi nay khdng am chi de'n ba't ky nghia vu budc cac qud'e gia phai giai quyd't tranh cha'p. Do dd, yeu to' cdn nha'n manh trong nguyen tac nay la "cac bidn phap hda binh", budc eac qudc gia chi sQ dung cac bidn phap nay de giai quyd't tranh cha'p'^.
Tac gia tan thanh vdi quan diem thQ hai - quan diem ciia giao sU Christine Tomuschat: nghia vu theo Dieu 2.3 Hien chUdng la nghia vu phai no lUe tim kid'm giai phap de giai quyet tranh cha'p vi neu quan did'm cdc qudc gia khong co nghia vu gidi quyet tranh chdp qudc te dUdc cha'p nhan (quan diem thQ nha't) thi nguyen tac hda binh giai quyd't tranh cha'p se khdng cd ba't ky y nghia gi, va chi nhU mpt sii nha'n manh lai nguydn tac ca'm can thiep vao edng viec ndi bp va nguyen tac ca'm stf dung vu lQc'^\ Hdn niia, Dieu 2.3 Hidn chUdng ghi ro: cac qud'e gia phdi gidi quyet cac tranh cha'p qud'e td"*"^'; Didu 33 Hien chUdng LHQ, Tuyen bd nam 1970 va Tuyen bo Manila nam 1982 cua Dai hpi ddng LHQ cung quy dinh cac qud'e gia phai tim kie'm giai phap nhanh chong va edng bang trdn tinh thdn thidn ehi va hdp tac. Rd rang, Dieu 2.3 Hidn chUdng ddi hdi cac qud'e gia phai cd hanh ddng chu dpng dd giai quyd't tranh cha'p hoac it nhat phai trao ddi quan diem vdi nhau*^"'. Hay ndi
*'' Martin Dixon (2013), Textbook on International Law, 7th ed., OUP, p.286.
'^' James Crawford (2012), Sovereignty as a fegaZ value, trong James Crawford & Marti Koskenniemi, Cambridge Companion to International Law, CUP, 2012, p . l l 8 . '** United Nations. General Assembly (2003), A/RES/57/26 Resolution on Prevention and peaceful settlement of disputes, par.2.
<'> T r i n Hiiu Duy Minh (2017), "Nhin lai nguygn tac hoa b m h giai quyet t r a n h chap quoc te va v a n de Bi^n D6ng giaa Vigt Nam va Trung Quoc", Tap chi Nghien cUuQuoc te. Hoc vien Ngoai giao, t h a n g 3 (108), f ^ * ' ? ' M ^^"P'(''^^-^'--™/vi/daxuatban/ cacsodaxb /article/1665^nhn-h-nguyn-tc-ha-bnh-gii-quyt-tranh- cbp^quc-t-trong-lut-php-quc-t-v-vn-bin-ng-gia-vit- nam-v-trung-quchtmL
^ Christine Tomuschat (2002), Article 2(3) trong Bruno Simma (eds.). The Charter of the United Nations: A Commentary, OUP doan 14
' ^ ' N g u y e n Van: All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a
ZTotZt^^eT"""^' ^"^^' '-'"'^'^ -'^^•-^^
""' C h m t i n e Tomuschat (2002), Anide ini . Bruno Simma (eds.), The C W f e . * (f^^^ ' T 5 JI?o(ions;A Commentary. OUP, doaiH4,
Q NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAH
s65-20ig
each khac, cac ben tranh cha'p cd nghia vu phai hdp tac ciing nhau tim kidm giai phap mpt each thien chi, phu hpp vdi tinh thdn cua Didu 2.2 Hidn chUdng: Ta't ca cac quoc gia thanh vidn Lien hdp qud'e deu phai lam trdn nhiing nghia vu ma ho phai dam nhan theo Hien chUdng nay de dQpc dam bao hudng toan bd cac quydn va Qu dai do tU each thanh vidn ma cd.
Do vay, de nguyen tac giai quyet tranh cha!p bang bidn phap hda binh thtfc sU ed gia tri va phat huy dUdc hieu qua tren thtfc td thi phap luat qud'e te cdn cd sii quy dinh, giai thich ro rang, thd'ng nha't ve nghia vu nay. Cu the: cdn ap dat cho cac qudc gia phai cd nghia vu giai quyd't tranh cha'p qud'e td'va phai giai quydt tranh chap dd bang cac bidn phap hda binh; can nha'n manh vai trd dac biet quan trong cua nguyen tac giai quyet tranh cha'p bang cac bidn phap hda binh ngay trong Ldi ndi ddu ciia Hid'n chUdng LHQ. Ngoai ra, Uy ban phap luat qudc td cua Lien hpp qudc (ILC) cd the dUa ndi dung gidi quyei tranh cJidp bdng cdc bien phdp hoa binh vao chu de lam vide chinh thQe eua minh nham xac dinh rd rang, thdng nha^t cac va'n de lidn quan de'n nghia vu nay; trong cac van kidn phap ly quoe te song phUdng va da phUdng, cac bdn ky ke't can phai chu dpng dat va'n dd giai quydt cac tranh chap qudc te bang bien phap hda binh la yeu to'rang bude cae bdn.
2. Ve bien phap dam bao cho nguyen tac diidc thiic hien
Cac qudc gia cd quydn thda thuan, lUa chpn vd viec sQ dung ba't cQ bidn phap hda binh nao de giai quyet tranh cha'p xay ra giQa hp vd vide giai thich hay ap dung Cdng Ude"^'. Ddng thdi, khi stf dung quyen lUa ehpn cac thu tuc bat bude dd giai quyd't tranh cha'p, quoc gia dupc quyen ttf do lUa chpn dudi hinh thQc tuyen bd' bang van ban (khi ky kd't hay phd chua'n Cong Udc) mot hay nhieu bidn phap de giai quyd't Sif 5-2019
tranh cha'p nhU Tda an qud'e te ve Luat bidn, Tda an qudc te, Tda trpng tai, Tda trpng tai dac bidt de giai quyd't eac tranh cha'p CO lidn quan dd'n vide giai thich hay ap dung Cong Udc'^^\ Tuy nhidn, khdng phai ta't ca nhQng va'n dd tranh cha'p deu ed the dUa ra giai quyd't theo eac thu tuc bat buoc nay. Dieu 298.1 UNCLOS quy dinh eac qudc gia thanh vien cd the' dua ra tuyen bd' loai trQ vide giai quyd't tranh cha'p theo thu tuc bat budc ddi vdi cac vu tranh cha'p ve viec giai thich hay ap dung cac Didu 15, 74 va 83 lidn quan dd'n vide hoach dinh ranh gidi eac vung bidn (lanh hai, vung dac quydn kinh td', them luc dia) hay cae vu tranh cha'p ve cac vinh hay danh nghia lich stf hay mpt vu tranh chap ddi hdi nha't thid't phai xem xet ddng thdi mdt vu tranh cha'p ehUa dUdc giai quyet lien quan de'n chu quyen va cac quyen khac trdn mdt lanh tho dat lien hay dao;
hay tranh cha'p lien quan dd'n cac hoat dpng quan sii...
Tren thiie td', nd'u eac ben khdng ed thidn chi giai quyd't tranh cha'p hoac giai quyet tranh cha'p hang vide sQ dung cac bidn phap phi tai phan hay cac bidn phap hda binh khac ma khdng cd kd't qua va cung khong mudn dUa tranh chap ra giai quyet theo cac thu tue bat budc bang vide dUa ra mpt Tuydn bd' nhQng ngoai Id khdng hat budc theo Dieu 298 UNCLOS de loai trQ thu tuc bat budc, thi con dudng giai quyet eac tranh cha'p lidn quan dd'n phan dinh bien hay chu quyen dao nhQng tranh cha'p ed ban nha't trong linh viic bien, dao, ddng thdi cung la nhiing tranh chap cd ban, mau chdt nha't tai Bidn Ddng - se hoan toan di vao bd' tac, bat ddng giQa cac bdn vln tdn tai, tham chi co
'^" Lien hcip quoc (1982), Cong Udc cua Lien hop qua:
ve Lugt Bien, Dieu 280.
"^' Lien hop quei; (1982), Cdng Udc cua Lien htfp quoc ve Ludt Bien, Dieu 287.
NHAN Lin: KHOA HOC XA HOI g |
NANG CAO HIEU QUA CUA NGUYEN TAC GIAI QUYET TRANH CHAP...
the dan de'n tinh trang de dpa de'n hda binh an ninh khu vQc va qud'e te. Do vay, cd the xem Dieu 298.1 la mdt quy dinh da lam giam pham vi eiia cac didu khoan vd giai quyd't tranh cha'p trong Cong Qdc, vd hinh da triet tieu Dieu 279*^^', cd thd bi mpt ben trong vu tranh cha'p khdng cd thien chi van dung de giai thich theo hudng cd Ipi cho minh nha't, tQ do cd the din dd'n he qua la nguydn tac giai quydt tranh cha'p bang bidn phap hda binh khd dupe dam bao thiic hien mdt each hieu qua trdn thtfc td'.
Phan dinh bien hay chu quyen dao dupc coi la nhQng ldi ich quan trpng cua qud'e gia. Khi tranh chap xay ra, qud'e gia cd quyen quyet dinh liia chpn bat cQ bien phap hda binh nao dd giai quyet tranh cha'p de bao ve cac quyen va ldi ich cua minh. Tuy nhidn, quyen nay ddi hoi cQng phai dupc dat trong mdi quan he vdi vide thiie hidn nghia vu qud'e td' cua chinh qud'e gia dd'^'*' va trdn cd sd tdn trpng quyen cua qud'e gia lidn quan, trong dd ed nghia vu phai giai quyd't tranh chap bing bien phap hda binh^^*. Do vay, de dam bao eho vide thQc hien nghia vu giai quyd't tranh cha'p cua cac quoc gia, ddng thdi dam bao quyen ldi chfnh dang cua eac quoc gia trong giai quyet tranh cha'p trong linh vQc Luat bidn, cdn thid't phai cd sii chinh stfa Dieu 298.1 UNCLOS theo hudng loai bd va'n de phan dinh bien va chu quydn dao ra khdi pham vi cae ngoai Id ciia tham quydn bat budc; sQa Didu 309 ve cae bao lUu va ngoai Id. Mac du cac dieu kidn, thu tuc lien quan ddn viec xem xet va quyet dinh sQa ddi, bd sung cac quy dinh trong UNCLOS het sQc khd khan, phQc tap"^* va gin lien vdi y chi, ldi ich eua ta't ea cac qud'e gia thanh vien, nhUng phap luat la mdt sii van ddng khdng ngiing, nen vide de xua't sQa ddi, bo sung cac quy dinh nay nham khac phue nhQng khd khan, vUdng mdc trong thQc
tidn thuc hien, dam bao ap dung hieu qua nguydn tac giai quyet tranh cha'p qud'e te bang cac bidn phap hda binh vao viec giai quyd't cac tranh chaj) ve bien, dao, vln la ra't cdn thid't.
3. Ve dieu k i e n s ^ d u n g cac t h u t u c b a t b u o c t h e o Cong lidc c u a Lidn hpfp quoc ve LuSlt Bien k h i giai q u y ^ t t r a n h c h a p b a n g b i e n p h a p h o a b i n h
Theo quy dinh cua UNCLOS, khi ed tranh cha'p xay ra giQa eac qud'e gia thanh vidn lidn quan dd'n vide giai thich hay ap dung Cdng Qdc, cac bdn tranh chap tien hanh ngay mdt cudc trao ddi quan diem ve each giai quyd't tranh chap bang thQdng lupng hay bing cac phUdng phap hda binh khac; cac ben tid'n hanh ngay mpt cudc trao ddi quan didm mdi khi kd't thiic mpt thu tuc giai quydt dd'i vdi mot vu tranh cha'p nhu vay ma khdng giai quyet dUdc, hay mdi khi da cd mpt giai phap va cac hoan canh ddi hdi eac cuoc tham khao y kid'n lidn quan de'n vide thi hanh giai phap dd*^''^.. Day la mdt nghia vu bat budc ciia UNCLOS dd'i vdi cac bdn khi mud'n giai quyet tranh cha'p bing cac bien phap tai phan qudc te (cac thii tue bat bude). Tuy nhien, vdi Dieu 283 ndu tren, UNCLOS mdi chi quy dinh cae ben cd nghia vu tien hanh trao ddi quan diem, chUa quy dinh cac ydu elu cung nhu ndi dung cu the eua thu tuc nay. Cho dd'n nay, viee xac dinh
_Cac quoc gia t h a n h vien gi^i quyfet moi t r a n h chap xay r a giUa ho ve vigc giai thich h a y 'av> dung Cong uoe bang cac phuong phap hoa binh theo diing
ScLt^'' '^'^ ^'^' srafxtirf c's:
" • Lien hop quiii (1945), Hitn chitane. Die,, 9 9
"•' Lien hdp quoc (1982), Cong u6c cL r ; - t,.. - ue- Ludt Biin. ffieu 279. ° ^ " ' " ' " * "'^
'"> Lien hop quoc (1982), Cong if* c m r , - i , ^ ^ viLuatBiin. Dieu 312, 316. " " '"» « « *
" " Lien hop quSc (1982), Cone u-db can r , - i 1,1 Ludt Bilk, Dieu 283. "^'"-^ten help quic Q ] NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI
SO 5-2019
nghia vu nay vln hoan toan phai diia trdn ed sd eac phan quyet giai quyd't tranh cha'p cua cac cd quan tai phan qud'e te ciing nhu thiic tien quoc te.
Vi du: trong vu qudn ddo Chagos giQa Mauritius va Anh, Tda da kd't luan nghia vu cua cac bdn la trao ddi quan diem ve cac bidn phap giai quydt tranh cha^p, chQ khdng phai dam phan ve ban cha't cua tranh cha^p; ddng thdi khdng dUa ra yeu cdu qua hinh thQc ve each thQc va tinh chinh xac trong trao ddi quan diem. Tda trpng tai trong vu Arctic Sunrise cung ap dung each tidp can tQdng tii "Dieu 283 khdng ydu cdu cac ben tid'n hanh dam phan vd ban cha't cua tranh cha'p""^'.
Trong vu kien Biin Bong, trdn cd sd vien din nhieu an Id, thiic tien quoc td' nhQ Vu cdi tao ddt cua Singapore trong va xung quanh Eo bien Johor giQa Malaysia 0. Singapore, (ITLOS, 2003), vu Giao thdng diidng sdt giQa Lithuania va Ba Lan (PCIJ, 1931), Tda Trpng tai da thQa nhan giQa Philippines va Trung Qud'e da ed nhidu lan trao ddi quan diem ve phUdng thQe giai quyd't tranh cha'p nhQng khdng di dd'n thd'ng nha't: Trung Qudc mudn giai quyet bang dam phan song phQdng, Philippines thi mudn dam phan da phQdng hoac bien phap tai phan; va theo quy dinh cua luat qudc td', Philippines khdng b i t budc cd nghia vu phai tid'p tuc duy tri trao ddi quan didm nd'u "tu nhan tha'y kha nang dat dUdc thoa thuan da can kiet"*^^\ Ddng thdi, Tda khdng ddi hdi so lan va t i n sua't trao ddi phai thudng xuydn, lidn tuc de cd the thoa man dieu kien vd nghia vu trao ddi quan diem ndn di dd'n kdt luan
"nghia vu trao doi quan didm" cua Philippines da dUde hoan thanh^^"', va ket luan: "trao doi quan diem" d Didu 283 chi cdn la trao dd'i ve "phUdng thQc giai quydt tranh cha'p", khdng cdn phai
sjf&-2oig
la trao ddi ve va'n de thiic cha't, va'n de npi dung cua tranh cha'p"^^'.
Do vay, de dat dUdc sU thd'ng nha't ve dieu kidn giai quyet tranh cha'p giQa eac ben khi stf dung cac thu tuc b i t budc theo UNCLOS, cdn cd sii giai thich mot each day du va thdng nha't ve nghia vu trao ddi quan didm trong giai quyd't tranh cha'p.
Nghia la, trdn sd sd cac phan quyd't cua cac cd quan tai phan qud'e te ciing nhU thuc tidn qud'e te" thi Dieu 283 UNCLOS cdn dUdc dUde quy dinh rd rang theo hudng sau: mot qud'e gia thanh vidn khdng cd nghia vu theo duoi cac thu tuc khdng bat budc cua Cdng udc khi eac kha nang giai quyd't da bi can kiet; nghia vu trao doi quan didm chi bao ham trao dd'i vd phUdng thQc giai quyd't tranh cha'p; chi ddi hdi ddi tUdng phai lidn quan dd'n chu de tranh cha'p; khdng ydu elu cae ben phai dUa ra cae chi tid't cu the ve cac yeu cdu phap ly cua hp trUde khi giai quyet tranh cha'p;
ddng thdi, nghia vu dam phan ciing
"khdng ngu y mdt nghia vu de dat dupc mpt thda thuan"'^^'. Nd'u dUde quy dinh nhu vay, npi dung Dieu 283 se phan anh vide 'yeu cau trao ddi quan diem khdng giup ngan dUde mpt quoc gia khi hp
'^^' N a t a h e Klein (2017), NhOng thdng tram cda ca che gidi quyei tranh chdp theo UNCLOS, truy cSp ng^y 27/9/2017, <http://nghiencuubiendong.vn/nghien-cuu- nuoc-ngoai/6699-nhung-tham-tram-cua-co-che-giai- quyet-tranh-chap-theo-unclos>.
<'^' Arbitral Tribunal under Annex VII UNCLOS (2015), The Republic of Philippines u. The People's Republic of China case. Award on Jurisdiction and Admissibility 29/10/2015, doan 343.
'^"i Arbitral Tribunal under Annex V n UNCLOS (2015), The Republic of Philippines u. The People's Republic of China case, Award on Jurisdiction and Admissibility 29/10/2015, doan 342-343.
'=" Arbitral Tribunal under Annex VII UNCLOS (2015), Tfie Republic of Philippines v. The People's Republic of China case. Award on Jurisdiction and Admissibility 29/10/2015, doan 337, 350.
'^» Arbitral Tribunal under Annex VII UNCLOS (2015), The Republic of Philippines v. The People's Republic of China case, Award on Jurisdiction and Admissibility 29/10/2015, doan 351.
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi Q
NANG CAO HIEU QUA CUA NGUYEN TAG GlAl QUY^T TRANH CHAP..
quyet dinh nhd de'n Toa trpng tai hay Toa an' va se dUdc diln giai theo hiiflng CO them nhieu tranh chap dUdc giai quyg't theo cac thu tuc b i t buoc trong UNCLOS'^''. Dieu nay se tao diiu kien cho cac quoc gia thUc hien tot nghia vu giai quyet tranh chap ciing nhu! dam bao quyen binh dang, chii dong ciia minh trong vi§c lUa chon va ap dung bien phap hoa binh giai quyet cac tranh chap lien quan den giai thich, ap dung UNCLOS.
Tom lai, cac tranh chap quoc te noi chung, tranh chap trong linh vUc Luat Bien ciing nhu cac tranh chap tai Bien Dong noi rieng deu mang tinh phiic tap, tiem an nguy co xung dot. Cung v6i thien chi va no lUc ciia cac ben lien quan trong tranh chap, nang cao hieu qua cua viec ap dung cac nguyen t&c co ban ciia phap luat quoc te vao giai quyet tranh ch^'p se la yeu to quan trong quyet dinh cho SU thanh cong ciia viec giai quylt cac tranh ch&'p nay gop phan duy tri hoa binh, on dinh khu vuc va quoc te, thiic day quan he hop tac hiiu nghi giQa cac quoc gia.
TAX LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Hien chUtfng Lien hdp quoc najn 1945.
2. Tuyen bo nam 1970 ciia Dai Hoi dong Lien hop quoc v l nhicng nguyen tac cua Luat quoc te dieu chinh quan he hihi nghi va hcfp tdc giUa cdc quoc gia phii hap v6i Hien chUctng Lien h(3p quoc.
3. Cong Udc cua Lien hcp quoc ve Luat bien nam 1982.
4. Tran Hiiu Duy Minh (2017), "Nhin lai nguyen tac hoa binh giai quyet tranh chap quoc te va van de Bien Dong giiia Viet Nam va Trung Quoc", Tap chi 0 3 NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA M l
Nghien cau Quoc te. Hoc vien Ngoai giao, thang 3 (108).
5. Martin Dixon (2013), Textbook on International Law, 7th ed., OUP, 2013.
6. James Crawford (2012), Sovereignty as a legal value, trong James Crawford
& Marti Koskenniemi, Cambridge Companion to International Law, CUP.
7. United Nations, General Assembly (2003), A/RES/57/26 Resolution on Prevention and peaceful settlement of
Christine Tomuschat (2002), Article 2(3) trong Bruno Simma (eds.). The Charter of the United Nations: A Commentary, OUP.
9. Christine Tomuschat (2002), AHicle 2(3) trong Bruno Simma (eds.). The Charter of the United Nations: A Commentary, OUP.
10. Natahe Klein (2017), Nhiing thang tram cua ca che gidi quyei tranh chap theo UNCLOS, truy cap ngay 27/9/2017,
<http://nghiencuubiendong.vn/nghien- cuu-nuoc-ngoai/6699-nhung-tham- tram-cua-co-che-giai-quyet-tranh-chap- theo-unclos>.
11. Arbitral Tribunal under Annex VII UNCLOS (2015), The Republic of Philippines u. The People's Republic of China case. Award on Jurisdiction and Admissibility 29/10/2015.
" " N a t a U e Klein (2017), JWiimg !/,«„„ ,,.• . gidi quyet tranh chap theo UNCLm , " " ' " " ' ^ 27/9/2017, < h t t p : / / „ g h i e „ c u u b i e „ d o n ; ' , ' , ' ; \ * " ^ ^ nuoc-nBOai/6699-nhung-tham-tram^c„. ^ ™ " ™ " "
quyet-traiili-chap-theo-uiiclos>. """'''-Me-giai-
0 5-2019
