NGHliN cau-TRAODdl
VAI TRO CUA CO QUAN HANH CHINH NHA NI/OIC TRONG AP DUNG CAC BIEN PHAP XUf LY HANH CHINH
ThS. PHAN THI KIJVI PHUONG*"
ThS. PHAIM THI LAN ANH**
BlinpbipxiilfbinbcblDblibiinpbipdugcipdifngdSlvdidnbinvipb^mpbipluitvi an ninb, tr$ttif,an toin xi bdi mi khdng phii li tOipbfm, bao gdm biin pbip giio difc tai xS, pbifdng, Ibi trin; daa vio tradng giio dudng; dua vio cosdgiio difC bit bade vi dta vio casdcain^in bitbudc. Luat Xdl^riph^m hinh chinh nim 2012 fiEicd sv ttiay dtfi so niJ Phip lfinhXdl^ri p h ^ hanh chinh nim 2002 klii quyi^nb ddi vdibinb tbdcgiio dvc t^aM, pbudng, Ibi trintbido cbi t/cb Oybannbin dindpxiqayitdlnb, cdnnbOogbiinpU^
kbic thudc vitda in nhin din quyit dinb. Micdi di cd sifiisyddivitbSm qv^in ip difng nhung caqaanbinbcblnbnbinudcvSnddngvaitrdbitslicquantrgngtrongquitrinhip dgn^ cic biin pbip xii If binb cbinb nhim bio dim dnb n^im minb cia pbip Iuit vi cdng bing 1^ bdi.
V ^ t h nglm(pd
k u i trinh ip dung cac biln phip xu Xy hinh cMnh (BPXLHCJ duge chia ' t h i n h ba giai dopi: lap hd so dl p dgng; xem xlt, quyfit dinh lp dung;
tM hinh quylt dinh. 6 giai doan lap hfi so vi giai doan tM hinh quylt dinh, LuatXti lfvipbamhinhchinh(XLVPHC)nim2012 trao thim quyin cho cic co quan hinh chlnh nhi nufic thvrc Men. Giai doan xem xet, quylt dinh ip dung - giai doan trung tim eua qui trinh ip dung eie BPXLHC - thim quyin dugc ttao eho ehd tich dy ban nhan din (UBND) cip xa dfii vfii biln phfip giao due tai xa, phufing, tM ttin; ttao cho tfia i n nhin din cip huyen ddi vdi biln phap dua vio ti™ng giio duong, dua vao ea sd giao due bit bufic, dua vao ca sd eai ngMen bat bufic.
I. Vile ip dgng cac BPXLHC diu cfi su tham gia cua ca quan hinh chinh nbi nude thi Men ttong eae hoat dfing chd ylu nhu:
Thli nhit, pbit hien doi tugng va hinh vi vi pham de di nghi ap dung BPXLHC.
Trong khi thuc Men nhigm vg bio vl an ninh qufic gia vi gift gin ttit tu, an toin xa hfii, diu ttanh phfing, chdng i m muu, ho?t dfing cda cic thg lgc thu dich, cic lo?i tfii pham va cic ri pham phip Mat vl an nmh qufic gia, trit tu, an toin xa hfii, ea quan cfing an Ii Ivrc Iupng chu ylu phit Men hinh | ri ri ph?m phip luat. Chlnh ri viy, Lu4t|
XLVPHC nam 2012; Nghi dinh sl 111/2013/ND-CP ngiy 30/9/2013 cua CMnh phu quy dinh chg dfl ip dung BPXLHC giio due tai xa, phuflng, thi ttin;
Nghi dinh sd 02/2oi4/ND-CP ngiy 10/01/
2014 quy dinh chl dfi ip dung, thi hinh BPXLHC dua vio truflng giio duflng vi eo sd giao dge bit bufic; Nghi dinh sl
' Hgc rif n Hanh chinh Qu6c gia '* Hgc vifn An ninh nhin din TAP CHl Q U A N Lt NHA NUOC - Sd 235 (8/2015)
221/2013/ND-CP ngiy 30/12/2013 quy dinh chl dfl ip dung BPXLHC dua vio co sd cai nghifin bit bugc da quy fiUnh vl thim quyin lip hd so dl nghi ap dung BPXLHC cda ca quan cfing an - ca quan diu tiln khdi xudng vu rifie. Dilu 97 Luat XLVPHC nam 2012, khoan 1 Dilu 9 Nghi dinh 111/2013/ND-CP quy dinh: tiitdng cfing an cip xa noi ngufii ri pham eu tru hofie noi hg efl hfinh ri ri pham phap Mat tg minh hoae theo dl nghi cua ehd tich Uy ban Mat ttin Td qufic cip xa; dai difin cic to chiic chinh tri-xahfiidcasd; dai lUfinca quan, tfi chitc, don ri nai ngufli ri pham dang lim rile hoic hgc tip; d^ difin dgn ri din cu d ca sd vi cic don vi tuong duong lip hd so dl nghi ip dvmg biln phip giio due tai xa, phudng, Uii trin.
Trong tntdng hpp ngufli ri pham do ca quan eflng an cap huyen hoic cflng an cip tinh trgc tilp phit hiln, dilu tra, thu \f trong cic vu ri pham phip Mat nhimg chua dfin mdc tray ciiu trich nhiem hinh su thi CO quan cfing an dang thg ly vu rige tign hinh xic minh, thu thap tii Ueu vi lip hd so dg nghi ap dung bien phap giag dgc tai xa, phufing, thi ttfin ddi v(M ngufii dfi. Khoin 1 va 2 Dilu 99,101,103 Luat^iLVPHC nam 2012 quy dinh: co quan edng an cip xa efl ttach nMlm giup chd tich UBND cung cip thu thap cac tii Ueu vi lip hd sa dl nghi ip dung biln phip dua vio trudng giio dudng, dua vio ca sd giio due bit bufic, dua vio co sd cai ngMfin bit bufic. Tnidng hgp ngufii ri pb?m do ea quan efing an cip huyen hoic efing an eip tinh true tilp phit Men, dilu tta, thu Iy ttong cic vu ri pham phip Mat, nhung chua dfin mdc tray ciru ttich nhilm Mnh su m i thufic dfii ttrong dua vio trafing giio duong, dua vao ea sd giio due bit bupe, dua vio ca sd eai ngMen bit bufic tM CO quan cfing an dang thu ly vu rifie tifin hinh xic minh, thu thip tii lieu vi lip hd
sa de nghi ip dung BPXLHC.
Trong qui trinh lip hfi sa, eo quan lap ho so gap phil nhftng vudng mie, khfi khin nhit ditih. Ching han nhu, khoin 3,5 Dilu 90 LuatXLVPHCnam 2012 Ufit kl ddi tugng bi ap dung bign phip giio due tai xa, phudng, thi trin: ngufii tu du 14 tudi den dufii 18 tudi 2 Iin ttd Ien trong 6 thing cd hinh ri trfim cip, Iua dio, dinh b?c, giy roi ttat tu cfing cfing m i ehua dfin mdc tray ciiu trich nhifim Mnh su. Ngufii tii du 18 MdittdlfinthvrcMen hinh ri xim pham tii sin eda co quan, td chiie; til san, siic khde, danh du, nban pham cua cfing din hoac ngudi nudc ngoai; ri pham trat tu, an toan xa hfii 2 lin trd lln trong 6 thing nhimg chua din mde tray citu ttich nhiem Mnh su. Trong khi dd, dilm c, d khoan 2 Dilu 4 Nghi dinh sfi 111/2013/ND-CP lai quy dinh:
dfii tugng li ngudi tu du 14 tudi din dudi 18 tudi, trong 6 thing da it nhit hai lin bi XLVPHC vl hanh ri ttfim cip, Ida dio, dinh bac, giy rfii trat tu cfing cfing; dfii tugng li ngufii tii dd 18 tudi ttd lln, ttong 6 thing da it nhit hai lan bi xu phat ri pham hinh chlnh vl hinh ri xim ph?m tii sin cua ea quan, td chdc; tii sin, sdc khde, danh du, nhin phim eda cfing din hoac ngudi nudc ngoai; ri pham trat tu, an toin xa hfii.
Nbuviy, "Hai lin ttd lln ttong 6 thing, cd hinh ri..." vi "ttong 6 thing da it nhit hai Iin bi xu phat ri pham hinh chinh vl hinh ri..." rat khic nhau. Cd thg mfit ngufli da thgc Mgn hai lin hinh ri ri phgm hanh chlnh nhung chua bi xd phat hanh chinh ri van cfin ttong thdi Mlu xd phat banh chinh la 1 nam. Theo Luat XLVPHC nam 2012, ngufii nay thufic doi tupng bi ip dgng biln phip giio due tai xa, phudng, thi trin, nhung tiieo Nghi dinh sfilll/2013/ND-CP, nguoi niy khfing bi ip dung bien phip giio due tai xa, phuflng, thi tran do thifiu difi'u Wen d i bi xd phat ri pham hinh chinh. Dl Ti>LP CHf Q U A N Lt NHA NUOC - Sd 235 (8/2015)
D
NGHliN cau-TRAO Ddl
bao dim tinh thdng nhitcuahethfingphip Mat vi hilu luc phip Iy tdi cao eua vin bin luit, dl nghi sda ddi quy dinh tai dilm c, d khoan 2 Dilu 4 Nghi dinh sfi 111/2013/ND- CP cho phu hgp voi khoin 3 vi 5 Dilu 90 iuatXLVPHCnam 2012.
Thuhai, Mem tra tinh pbip lycuahdsa de nghi ip dung BPXLHC. Ddi vfii biln phfip gifio due tai xa, phuflng, thi ttan, khoin 1 Dilu 98 Luat XLVPHC nam 2012 quy dinh cfing chuc tu phap - hfi tich cd trfieh nMlm WIm tra hfi so. Dilu 17 Nghi dinh sd lil/2013/ND-CP da hudng din cu thg: Trong thdi han 5 ngiy lim rile, kl td ngiy nhfin dugc hd sa, cfing chiie tu phap - hd tich cfi ttich nMlm WIm tra Unh phip 1^ cda hd savi bio cio chu tich UBND cip xa. van bin WIm tra tinh pbip ly phai cfi chft ky cua ngufli cfi tham quyin WIm tta vi cfi xic nban cua UBND eip xa; dupc luu trong hfi so ap dung biln phap giao dgc tai xa, phufing, thi ttin.
Ddi vdi biln phip dua vio trafing giio dufing, dua vio eo sd giio due bit bufic, dua vio ea sd cai ngMfin bit bufic, ttich nMfim WIm tra tlnh phip ly cua hd so thufic ve tradng phfing tu phip cap huygn, tradng cflng an cip huygn (hoae tnidng phfing Lao dfing - Thuong binh vi Xa hfii cip huyin).
Trong thdi han 5 ngiy, ke tft ngiy nhin dugc hd so, trudng phfing tu phip cap huyen cfi ttich iiMlm WIm tta tinh phip ly cua hfi sa vi gtd trafing cfing an eflng cip hofic tnidng phfing Lao dfing - Thuong binh vi Xa hfii. Trong thdi hgn 7 ngiy, kl td ngiy nhin dugc hd so, trtidng edng an cip huyen hoac trudng phfing Lao dfing - Thuong binh vi xa hfii xem xlt, quylt dinh rile chuyin hd so dl nghi tfia in nhin din cap huygn ap dung BPXLHC; tnrong hgp hd so ehua diy du thi ehuyin Iai ea quan da lfip hfi so dl tilp tuc thu thap tii Uiu bd sung hd so. Vile quy dinh tiMlu ehd thi WIm tta tinh phip
ly cua hd sa tirufic kM chuygn tfii nguoi co thim quyin xem xlt, ra quylt dinh ip dung BPXLHC da thi Men tlnh din chd ttong hoat dfing cua cic co quan nhi nude, thuc Men ddng nguyfin tic quyfi'n lvrc nhi nudc li thong nhit,cdsuphincflng,phfiihgpva WIm soit giila cic ca quan nhfi nude.
Thli ba, quyit djnh ap dung bien phap giao due t^xa, phudng, thi trin. Theo Phip lenhXLVPHCnlan 2002, tiiam quyin quylt dinh fip dgng cic BPXLHC thufic vl ehd tieh UBND eic cip: chu tich UBND cip xa (dli vdi biln phip gifio due tai xa, phudng, thi trin), chd tich UBND cap huygn (ddi vdi biln phip dua vio truflng giio dudng, dua vio co sd chfta benh), chu tieh UBND cap tinh (dfii vdi biln phip dua vio co sd giao due). LuatXLVPHC nam 2012 da cosu tiiay ddi so vdi Phap linh kM quy dinh Men phip dua vao tradng giio dufing, dua vio co so giio due bit bupc vi dua vio co sd eai nghiin bit bufie thufic ve tfia in nhin dan cfip huyfin.
Vile giao eho toi i n quylt dinh ip dvmg cie BPXLHC se tao dilu Wen cho ducmg sit, Mat su, ngufli bao chfta dugc tham du de bio vl quyin Ipi cua duong su, bio dam dan ehu, khaeh quan; phu hgp vdi qua trinh hfii nhap qudc tl. Riing tham quyin quylt dinh ip dung bign phip giio due tai xS, phudng, thi ttin vin dugc giaochochutich UBND cip xa. Trong thfli ban 3 ngay, ke tit ngiy kgt tilde cuflc hgp tu vin, chd ticli UBND eip xa xem xet, quygt dinh ip dvmg biln phfip gifio dgc tai xa, phudng, thi tran.
Nhu vay, chd tich UBND cip xa cd till Iga chgn: ra quylt dinh giio due tai xa, phufing, thi tran; quygt dinh khflng ip dung bien phip giio due tai xa, phuong, tiii ttin; quyet dinh ip dung bifin phip quin ly tai gia d'inh (bien phip tiiay thg) dfii vdi ngudi chua thinh mfin li ngudi td dd 14 ttidi dfin dufii IB mfii hai Iin ttdlln ttong 6 thing cd hinli
o
TAP CHf Q U A N Lt NHA NUOC - Sd 235 (8/20151NGHliN cau-TRAO Ddl ri ttfim cfip, Ida dao, dfinh bac, gay rdi ttfit
tu cong cgng ngu xet thay dd dilu tain d l cd thi fip dung bien phfip thay till. Dl thg Men tlnh phfip ly cda cie quylt dinh, Digu 22,23,24 Nghi dinh sd 111/2013/ND-CP da quy dinh hinh thue cua ba loai quylt dinh tren dl'u phii dugc chd tich UBND cip xa thuc Mln bing vin bin, dfing thdi quy dinh nfli dung cg thi cda timg loai quylt dinh.
Thu tu, td chlic thi hanh quyit dinh ap dung cac BPXLHC. Trong thfii gian tM hinh quylt dinh ip dung cic BPXLHC, doi tupng bi ap dung phii chip hinh quy dinh cua phip luit ve rifie giio dgc, lao dpng, hgc van hda, hgc ngbl, chfta bgnh dl ttd thinh ngudi cd ich eho xa hpi. Cae ea quan nha nuflc cfi ttfich nMfim td chiic, quin Iy, giio due, chua bfinh cho ddi tucmg hi ip dung dl dat dugc mge dich cua rile ap dving cic BPXLHC.
Dfii vdi bign phip giig dgc tai xa, phuflng, thi tran la Men phip mang tlnh giio due dua vio cfing ddng nfin Luat XLVPHC nam 2012 khfing quy dinh tiifinh Ifip td chdc dl triln khai thvrc hign rile quin ly. UBND cip xa, ca quan, td ehue va ngudi dugc phin cfing gidp dd cfi trich nhifim phfii hgp vdi dtm ri din cu ea sdvi gia dinh trong rige theo dfii, quin Iy, giim sit vi phit bifin, ngin ehfin tap thfli hfinh ri ri phgm phfip Mat eda ngufli dugc gifio due.
Trong thdi gian ehfip hfinh Men phfip gifio due tai xa, phirong, thi ttin, neu ngufli dugc giio dgc khfing tign bfi, ri pham cam kit vi da duge ngudi duge phan cfing giup do nhic nhd tiMfi'u lan m i vin khfing chiu sua chfla, thi td ehuc dupc giao quin ly, giio dgc bio cio chu tich UBND cip xa td chdc cufic hgp tai ea sd d l gdp y ddi vdi ngufli dugc giio due. Thinh riln eufic hgp gdm dai diln lanh dao UBND cip xa; truong cflng an cip xi; cfing chdc tu phip - hfi tieh;
ngufli dugc phin cflng gidp dd vi dai dien
cda eg quan, td ehuc dugc giao quin Iy, giio due; dai (Ugn Mfit ttfin Td qufic cip xa vi dai dilndonridineudcasd. Ngufii dugc giio due, gia dinh eua ngudi dugc giio due phii duge mfii tham du cufic hgp. Nlu ngufii duge giio due ving mat thi phai hofin cuflc hgp. Traflng hgp ngudi dupc giio due Ii ngudi nghign ma tuy, ngoai nhftng thinh phin ngu ttfin cfln phii cd cfing chdc van hda-xa hpi, dai diln td cfing tfic eai ngMen ma tuy hoac co sd dilu tri ngMfin. Ddi vdi ngudi nghiin ma My, nfiu ri pham eam kgt tu nguyin dilu tri ngMen, eai nghign tM de xuit chu tieh UBND eip xa xem xet, quyfit dinh eai ngMfin bit bufic tai epng dfing phfl hgp vdi dilu Win thvrc tiln cua dia phuong.
Dinh ky hing thing, td chiic dugc giao qufin ly, gifio due cd ttfich iiMgm bfio cfio chu tich UBND cip xa noi ban binh quygt dinh vl kgt qua gifim sfit, gifio dgc, giup dd ngufli duge gifio due. Trong thfli ban 2 ngiy lim rige, kg tu ngiy ngufli duge giio due chip hinh xong quygt dinh, ehu tich UBND cip xa phii cip Giay cbung nhfin da chip hinh xong quylt dinh giioduetaixa, phuflng, thj ttin cho ngufli duge giio due, Iim hd sa, ddng thfli giii bin sao hgp lg cho td ehuc dugc giao quin ly, giio dge vi gia dinh ngudi dugc giio due bilt
Ddi vfii rige tM hanh eic biln phip dua vio trufing giio duong, dua vio ca sd giio due bit bufic, dua vao co sd cai ngMIn bit huge la nhiing bien phip giio due tip tnmg tai trafing, ea sd nfin Luat XLVPHC nim 2012, NgM dinb sd 02/2oi4/ND-CP, Nghi dinb sd 221/2013/ND-CP quy dinh rile Mnh thinh td ehiie bfi miy eua tradng, co sd. Bfi Cfing an quylt dinh rile thinh lip, sip nhip hofie gifii thi trufing gifio dufing, CO sd gifio due bit huge. Co sd cai nghiin bit huge dugc thanh lap theo dia bin tinh, thfinh phd trite thufic trang uong, chiu su quin ly tnrc tiep eua Sd Lao dfing - Thuong
TAP CHf QUAN Lt NHA NUOC - Sd 235 (8/2015)
Q
NGHliN cau-TRAODdl
binh vi Xa hfii. can cd vio tinh hinh thuc t l tai dia phucmg, Chu ticb UBND cip tinh quylt dinh rile thinh lip, giii thi co sd cai nghign bit bufic phu hgp quy hoach dugc Thu tufing Chitih phu phg duylt. Dia phuong cd it ngufli ngMen ma My cfi thi gdi doi tugng din eosd cai ngMfin bit huge cua dia phuong khacttencasdthdngnhatgiua hai dia phuang.
Trong thdi ban 5 ngfiy, kl tu ngfiy nban dugc quyfit dinh dua vfio trafing gifio dugng, dua vfio ca sd gifio due bfit bufic hofic dua vio ca sd cai ngMen bit bufie eua tfia fin gin tfii, co quan da giti hd so dl nghi cd traeh nhiem td chiic thi hinh: cfing an efip huyen dua ngufii phii chip binh quyfit dinh vio tntdng giio dudng, eg sd giag dgc bit bufic; phfing Lao dfing - Thuang bmh vi Xa hgi phfii hgp vfii cfing an eip huyen dua ngudi phai ehfip hfinh quylt dinh vfio co sd cai nghien bfit bufic.
2. Dg phit huy vai trfi cua cic co quan hanh chlnh nha nufic trong ip dung eie BPXLHC, can Iim y tfii mfit sfi giii phap:
Mqt li, sda ddi, bd sung quy dinh tai dilm c, d khoin 2 Dilu 4 Nghi dinh sd 111/2013/ND-CP cho phfl hgp vfli khoin 3 vi 5 Dilu 90 LuitXLVPHCnam 2012 nhuda nlu d vai ttd phat Men vi lap hd so dl nghi ap dung BPXLHC.
Hat ia, tang cudng ea chfi gifim sat cua cac CO quan dan cd, eae td chdc xa hpi vfi nhan dan ttong toan bfi qua trinh fip dung cfie BPXLHC nfii chung vfi qua trinh thue Men tham quygn cua ea quan hanh ehinh nhfi nufic ndi rigng. Phfit huy vai ttfl cda luat su, ngufli dai dign hgp phap ttong rile bao vl quyin, Igi ich hgp phap cua ngudi bi ap dung cac BPXLHC.
Ba la, Myln trayin siu rfing tfii cic tang lflp nhin din vl muc di'ch, y nghla, quy dinh eda phip Mat liln quan din cic
BPXLHC dl huy dgng mgi ngudn lire xa hli ttong rile giio due, cim hfla, ning cao doi sdng vfit chit vi tinh than, giup doi tugng bj ip dung trd thinh ngufli cfi ich cho xa hli vi tii hfia nhip cgng ddng.
Bon la, thuflng xuyln tdchdcciedgtboi dudng, tap huin ve quy trinh, thu tue ap dung cic BPXLHC cho nhung ngufii tme tilp tham gia td giai doan lap hfi so dl n ^ dfin giai doan xem xlt, ra quylt dinh vi thi hanh quylt dinh, die biet li dfii vdi cin bg cfing an true tifip lip hd so, cfing ehuc tu pbip - hfl tich efip xa Wgm tta tinh phap If cua hfi Sd. DSi vdi cin bfi tham gia giio due ddi tirong tai trufing giao dufing, eg sd giao due bit bufic, CO sd cai ngMfin bit bufic can dugc ning cao trinh dfi nghiip vu do phin lfin dfii ngfl dugc dag tag d bac sa cip vi tnmg hgc, din tdi Mlu qui giio due cho cac dfii tupng hi ip dung cfln thap; bfin c?nh do, cin quan tim quy dinh vg chg dp phu e£p dfic thd cho dpi ngu cfin bp nfiy.
Nam la, thuflng xuyen tong kfit, dfinh gia tmh hinh tu thvrc tien fip dung cfie BPXLHC dl Win nghi ca quan nhfi nudc ed thim quygn sda doi, bd sung cic quy dinh cua phap lufit hign hfinh, rut Wnh nghiim de thue Men tfit thim quyin dugc ttacD
Til hiu diam khio:
1. Nguyin Cong Hdng, NguySn Manh Cudng, NguySn Van Quang Bao c^o ngiiin cliu quy dinh cbi Hit vi hoin thiin quy trinh xm xet, quyit dinh ip difng eae bien phip xalj hinh chlnh Uong Luit Xd ly vi pham hinh chinb, Duin UNDP Vi$tNam "TingcudngU^.
ein eong ly vi bao ve quyen tal Viit Nam' 00058492.
2. Ding Thanh Son - chu nhifim dl tiii nghien cuu khoa hpc cip bO. Ca'c bien pbip »1 If binh cbinb khae va viee bio dim quyin col ngudi. Co quan chd tti; Vu phap lufit Hmh s?l, Hanh chinh, BpTu phap, 2009. ^
3. www.tapcMcongsan.org.vn
TAP CHt Q U A N Lt NHA NUOC - SO 235 (8/20151
