Hgfp tac xa
va phat trien nong nghiep
utig dung cong nghe cao tai Ha Noi
PHAM BAO DCfdMG"
Torn tat
Thdng qua so lieu thu thdp dugc tff cdc bdo cdo cua Bg Nong nghiip vd Phdt trien nong thon.
UBND TP. Hd Noi, bdi vii't ddnh gid thUc tiin phdt trien nong nghiip ffng dung cdng nghe cao (NNCNC), cung nhu vai trd cda hgp ldc xd (HTX) trong phdt trien NNCNC^ d Hd Ngi. Ke'l qud cho thdy, viic phdt tnen NNCNC tgi Thdnh phd'da co nhffng budc phdt trien ddng ke. Tuy nhiin, ke't qud dgt dUOc chua tUOng xffng vdi tiem ndng. De ffng dung cong nghi cao vdo phdt triin ndng nghiip, tff do tgo ra nhffng sdn phdm cong nghe cao, ddp ffng nhu cdu thi trudng cdn CO su ket ndi "khdng khit"giffa doanh nghiep vd nong ddn, trong do khdng the thii'u vai trd ciia HTX.
T\i khda: ndng nghiip iOig dung cdng nghi cao. hgp tac xa, TP. Hd Ngi Summary
Through data collected from reports of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi People's Committee, this article evaluates the development of high-tech agriculture as well as the role of cooperatives in the development of high-tech agriculture in Hanoi.
The results show that the aforementioned development has made significant achievements.
However, the gains are not commensurate with the potential. To apply high technology to agricultural development so as to create hi-tech products to meet market demands, there needs a close connection between enterprises and farmers through the role of cooperatives.
Keywords: hi-tech agriculture, cooperatives, Hanoi city
Giai THIEU
Ngay 09/07/2012. UBND TP. Ha Ndi da ban hanh Quye't dinh sd 17/2012/QD-UBND ve viec phe duyet Quy hoach phat trien ndng nghiep TP. Ha Npi de'n nam 2020, dinh hffdng 2030. Muc tieu chinh cua Quye't dmh la phat trien ndng nghiep hidn dai tren cd sd tfng dung tie'n bd khoa hpc, cdng nghe va phffdng thffc san xua't tien tie'n de nang cao nang sua't, chat Iffdng, hieu qua, nang lffc canh tranh gan vdi che bien, tieu thu san pham.
Cau hdi dat ra la: Ai la chii the thffe sff de thffc hidn thang ldi each mang ndng nghiep cdng nghe cao? Chac chan dd la doanh nghiep va ngffdi ndng dan. Tuy nhien, vdi quy md san xua't nhd le, trinh dp san xua't lac hau nhff hien nay Ueu tff ngffdi ndng dan cd the san xua't NNCNC? Doanh nghiep cd hao hffng bat tay vdi tffng ndng dan nhd be nay, vdi ehi phi giao dich cao, hieu qua tha'p khdng? Chac chan can mOt td chffc - ma d day chinh la cac HTX trong viec to' chffc lai san xuat cho ngffdi ndng dan va thdng qua do ke't ndi tdt hdn vdt
doanh nghidp va thi trffdng de nang gia tri san pham NNCNC. Ha Ndi dang rat can nhffng^san pham ndng nghidp chat Iffdng cao de phuc vu nhu cau cua ngffdi dan, phuc vu cho khach du lich va xua't khau.
Bai vie't nay thao luan ve vai trd cua HTX trong phat trien NNCNC tai Ha Ndi.
PHL/ONG PHAP NGHIEN CLfU Bai vie't sff dung phffdng phap thu thap sd heu thff cap tff cac bao cao cua cac Cd quan, nhir: Bo Ndng nghiep va Phat tnen ndng thdn, UBND TP. Ha Npi... Ben canh do. nhdm tac gia sff dung ket hdp vdi cac phffdng phap tdng hdp sd li?u,^phffdng phap so sanh, thd'ng ke md ta^de dffa ra nhffng phan tich, nhSn dinh ve thffc tien phat trien NNCNC ciing nhff vai trd cffa HTX trong pbat tri^n NNCNC a Ha Ndi. " ^
• PGS, TS., Hoc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam
Ngdy nlian bdi 30/03/2020. Ngdy phdn bien: 16/04/2020; Ngdy duyel ddng: 21/04/2020
KETQUA NGHIEN c u u TTirfc tiln phat trien NNCNC & Ha N5i Trong thdi gian vffa qua, san xua't NNCNC da dffdc diu tff mpt phan tff ngu6n ngan sach, dffdc cac cac nha dau tff, cdc hang trai va cac hp gia dinh tiien khai thifc hien, tuy nhien mdi d quy md nhd, phan tan, tren mdt sdlinh vffc, cu the:
(i) Ddi vdi san xua't hoa, cay canh:
Tong sddien tich san xua't hoa, cay canh tren dia ban Thanh phd' la 2.600ha, ti-ong do chi cd khoang llOha bffdc dau ffng dung cong nghe cao mdt sd khau trong san xuat, nhff: gid'ng mdi, nha kinh, nha mang, he thd'ng tffdi tie't kiem, sff dung che pham sinh hpc, thud'e bao vd thffc vat (BVTV) sinh hpc;
(ii) Dd'i vdi ITnh vffc san xua't rau, qua, che: T^ng sd dien tich san xua't rau tren dia ban Thanh phd la 12.000ha,hien nay cht cd i64ha bffdc dau ffng dung edng ngh^ cao mpt sd' khau trong san xua't, nhif: nha Iffdi, nha mang, tffdi tie't kiem, su' dung cac che pham sinh hoc, thud'e BVTV sinh hpc;
Cay an qua: cd 924,5ha san xuat cay an qua ffng dung cdng nghe cao, (chie'm 6,2% tdng dien tich cay an qua toan Thanh phd'), ffng dung d khau gid'ng, he thdng tffdi tie't kiem nffdc...;
Cay che: cd 306,5ha (chiem 10,2%) dien tich san xua't che ffng dung cdng nghe cao, trong dd cd 30ha ffng dung dong bo, dien tich cdn lai ffng dung d cae khau: gid'ng mdi, sff dung cac che pham sinh hpc, thudc BVTV sinh hoc; hd thd'ng tifflitig't kiem nffdc...;
(iii) Dd'i vdi ITnh vffc chan nudi: Trong linh vifc chan nudi cd cac doanh nghidp, trang trai chan nudi ldn, bd sffa, bd thit lfng dung cdng nghe cao d cac khau: dffa giong mdi vao san xuat (gid'ng bd 3B), chuong^trai cd he thd'ng dieu dd't nhiet dp, dp im, anh sang, hd thd'ng mang an, mang ud'ng tff ddng;
^ (iv) Dd'i vdi linh vffe nudi trdng thuy san: co mot sd trang trai nudi thuy san iJng dung cdng nghe vi sinh trong xu" ly
!n6i trffdng nffdc, he thd'ng tuan hoan nu'dc de nang cao nang sua't va giam dich benh.
Stf tham gia dau ur cua cac doanh
"ghiep, tap doan ldn ti-ong thdi gian gan day, nhff: VinGroup, Hda Phat, Trffdng Hai, FPT... da mang theo khoa hpc, cdng
"ghe, tien bd ky thu^t phat trien cdng nghd cao, tao ky vpng cho sff but pha manh me
HlNH: s o LtrqrtG HTX ttONG NGHlgP CCIA HA NOI MAM 2018
liJIiJlllii/il liliii
"-guon GBND TP Ha Moi 2019
cua nen ndng nghiep {Bd Ndng nghidp va Phat tnin ndng thdn, 2018a). Tuy nhien, doanh nghiep van chffa man ma vdi viec dau tff vao NNCNC do chinh sach dat dai va tinh dung danh cho nong nghiep vSn chffa du thuyd't phuc.
Nguyen nhan lam qua trinh tich tu va tSp trung da't dai cdn cham do quy dmh ban dien va thdi gian sff dung da't cdn ba't cap, chffa tao ddng lffc thu but cac nha dau tff;
thu tuc thue, chuye'n nhffdng da't san xua't ndng nghidp cdn nhiiu thu tuc gay phien ha, tam ly giff dCt, dff phong da't dai de tai san xua't khi gap b§'t dn vin ton tai phd bie'n. Theo bao cao cua Bp Ndng nghiep v^ Phlt trien ndng thdn, cd tdi 63% doanh nghidp cho rang, khd khan trong tiep can dat dai. Do dd, de cd nhieu khu san xua't NNCNC ddi hdi mpi chinh s^ch phai ddng bd, bat d^u tff viec thao gd nut that tich tu da't dai dffdc coi la mdt cupc each mang cho ndng nghiep.
Do do, HTX la md hinh tip trung da't dai san xuS't rat hieu qua va cd the la giai phap hieu qua nha't trong tinh hinh hien nay va khdng can phai cd hang tram hay hang chuc hecta, ma van cd the dam bao hidu qua nang cao gia tri tren mpt ddn vi dien tich.
Htfp tac xa trong phat trid'n NNCNC d Ha Noi Tinh den nam 2018, Ha Ndi cd 1062 HTX ndng nghiep phan bd' tren 23 quan, huydn, thi xa, trong do t | p trung sd' Iffdng ldn nhat tai huyen Ddng Anh (104 HTX) va Ba Vi (102 HTX), it nhat la quan Nam Tff Liem (2 HTX) va quan Long Bien (6 HTX) (Hinh).
Doanh thu binh quan ciia cac hdp tae xa ndng nghidp tren dia ban Ha Ndi dat khoang 990 trieu ddng/nam;
ldi nhuan binh quan dat khoang 75 trieu ddng/HTX/
nam, nhieu HTX da cd lai tff 100 den 300 trieu ddng/
nam, vd'n quy dffdc bd' sung, phan phd'i lai cho xa vien ngay cang tang. Mpt sd' HTX da thffe hien lidn ke't vdi cae cdng ly gio'ng cay trdng cung c&'p cac loai gid'ng mdi, chat Iffdng, nang suat eao, gdp phan dffa gia tri san xua't ndng nghiep binh quan dat khoang 220 tneu ddng/ha/nam (Ngpc Quynh, 2019)
Da so' HTX nong nghiep deu td chffc trien khai tren 3 khau djch vu dau vao, trong dd cd 69% sd'HTX lam_
dich vu cung ffng gid'ng, vlt tff ndng nghiep, 52% sd HTX lam dich vu khuye'n ndng, 75% sd'HTX lam dich vu thuy ldi, 28% sd HTX iam dich vu dat cho cae hp thanh vidn va nhSn dan, lam td't cdng tac chi dao san xuat ndng nghiep, dam bao ve thdi vu, bd tri cay trdng
95
hdp ly, kbac phuc khd khan, dffa cac gidng cd nang sua't va chat Iffdng, gia tri cao vao san xua't, dem lai hieu qua kinh te' cao hdn tren dien tich da't canh tac.
Nhieu HTX dffdc chinh quyen dia phffdng mdt so' ndi da quan tam cd chinh sach hd trd trffc tie'p cho HTX kinh phi dau tff cd gidi hda trong cac khau lam da't, cay, gat, bao ve thffc vat...
Tinh de'n he't nam 2018, ea nffdc 199 HTX cd ffng dung cdng nghe cao d 41 tinh, thanh phd'. Trong do. Ha Ndi cd 13 HTX (Bd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn, 2018a), cd 35 doanh nghiep NNCNC dffdc cdng nhan, chie'm 0,69% so'doanh nghiep dang dau tff trong lmh vffc ndng nghiep (Bd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn, 2018b). Mac dii mdi thffc hien trong thdi gian ngan, song viec day manh phat trien NNCNC thdi gian qua da mang lai nhffng ket qua dang khich le.
Dien hinh la HTX dich vu ndng nghiep Van Dffc boat ddng chuyen nganh trdng trpt. HTX chu ye'u cung ca'p cac san pham rau, nhff: ca chua, dau trach, dt, cu cai, su hao, bap cai, cat ngpt, sup Id xanh, sup Id trang, cai ngdng, cai thao... HTX hoat dpng vdi quy md boat ddng toan xa hdn 1.060 hd dan tham gia. Mdi nam, eung cap ra thi trffdng hdn 30.000 ta'n rau vdi tren 30 chung loai Mdi hecta rau d dSy dat doanh thu 400 trieu ddng/ha; trong dd, chi phi san xua't chie'm khoang 30%, cdn lai la idi nhuan thu ma ngffdi trdng rau thu dffde.
Tff nam 2014, HTX Van Dffc vffa san xua't rau theo Tieu chuan rau an toan, vffa nang ca'p, san xua't rau theo tieu chuan VietGAP. Quy tnnh nay, ddi hoi chi phi san xuS't cao hdn va tuan thu nhieu quy dinh hdn.
Nhffng bii lai la hang hda dat tieu chuan chat Iffdng, cd the xua't vao cac sieu thi ldn, tham chi da xua't khau ra mdt so' thi trffdng nffdc ngoai, nhff: Han Qud'c, Dai Loan, Trung Qud'c.
Bi cd the quan ly, giam sat chat chd quy tnnh san xua't rau an toan ngay tai ddng rudng, HTX da tie'n hanh lap sd do tffng khu rudng, chia thanh cac nhdm nho, phan theo khu vffc. Dffdc sff giup dd, hffdng dSn ve ky thuat va trffc tie'p giam sat cua Chi cue Bao ve thffc vat Ha Ndi san xua't theo dting quy trinh san xuat rau an toan. Khoang 20-30 hp trdng rau dffdc chia thanh 1 nhdm do mdt hd san xua't dffdc chpn iam nhdm trffdng. Nlidm trffdng cd nhiem vu chiu trach nhiem quan ly va giam sat quy tiinh san xua't cua cac hd trong nhdm de bao cao lai vdi Ban quan tri HTX va can bd Chi cue Bao ve thffc vat.
^ Mdi hd san xua't rau theo Ueu chuan VietGAP deu dffdc cap mpt cudn sd nhat ky ddng rudng. Tat ca nhffng hoat ddng san xua't hang ngay deu phai ghi day du, nhff: thdi gian bdn phan, phun thud'e, nhan hieu thud'e sff dung, gieo^trdng gid'ng gi, dien tich bao nhieu... Day la can cff de nhdm trffdng kie'm tra hang ngay, kip thdi nam bat dffdc hd nao thffc hien dung va chffa diing quy trinh san xuat, giup cac hd dan dieu chinh cho phu hdp. Vdi each lam nay, cay rau da dffdc giam sat ngay tai ddng rudng. Ngffdi trdng rau cung dan quen vdi each ghi nhat ky san xua't hang ngay de Uen cho trffdng nhdm. Ban Chu nhiem Hdp tac xa va
Chi CLIC Bao ve thi/c vat. !an khach hang de'n mua rau theo ddi. ddi chieu.
De'n nay, HTX Van Dffc da cd hdn 150ha dien tich dat chuan VietGAP, san Iffdng'khoang 10.000 tan/nam. HTX da tie'n hanh hen ke't vdi cdng ty TNHH Hffdng Canh de san xuS't theo quy trinh Viet Gap (thffc hanh ndng nghidp td't cho san pham rau va qua tffdi Viet Nam), ngffdi trdng rau d Van Dffc cd trach nhiem ky hdp ddng san xua't, ban san pham vdi Cdng ty TNHH Hffdng Canh va HTX ndng nghiep Van Dffc; cam ke't thffc hien dung viec san xuat rau an toan theo hffdng Viet Gap. San xuS't rau sach theo chuan VietGAP phai lam dung quy trinh san xua't vdi hdn 20 tieu chi, day da la mdt khd khan khdng nho dd'i vdi nhuYig ndng dan xffa nay van lam theo kieu tff do, tff phat, chi vdi muc dich la lam sao ban dffdc. Nhffng, nhd dau ra dn dinh, ddi sd'ng dffdc dam bao, ngffdi dan da tich c\ic thffc hanh VietGAP. Hang nam, deu gia tang quy md, san Iffdng rau theo tieu chuan VietGAP. On dinh tieu thu ludn la bai toan vdi ta't ca cac HTX, Ban Chii nhidm Hdp tac xa da tich cffc di tim kie'm thi trffdng. Khdng chi phan phd'i cho Ha Ndi va cae tinb lan can, hien nay HTX da md rdng thi trffdng vao eac tinh mien Trung. HTX cd hdn 20 dau md'i tieu tiiu rau dn dinh vdi so Iffdng ldn d nhieu tinh, thanh phd', ndn ba con trdng rau d dia phffdng rat yen tam san xua't.
Md hinh nhff HTX Van Dffc rat can nhan rpng ra dd tao nen vung rau an toan, iftig dung cong nghe cao cho TP. Ha Npi, cung nhff cac tinh lan can d Ddng bang sdng Hdng. Chie'n Iffdc hen ke't chudi gia tri trong san xua't, sd che, tieu thu la bai hoc quy cho cac HTX trdng trpt ndi rieng va HTX d cac Hnh vyc khac ndi chung.
Cd the ndi, viec tfng dung cdng nghe cao vao phat trien ndng nghidp giup ngu'di ndng dan td chffc lai, chuyen ddi san xua't tren cd sd ffng dung cdng ngh$
cao de tang chat Iffdng, gia ti-i va nang suat cua cae san pham tren mdt ddn vi didn tich. Ddng thdi, trien khai lien ke't san xuat giffa cac HTX, ho ndng din, doanh nghiep de tao ra chudi san xuat cd gia tri cao.
Mot sd'rao can
K,JJ^fj''i' ™'' ?°" "^ """^ Phat tnin
NNCNC can nguon von ra't Wn Ai xay dimg ket can ha tang, aiu ttf sin xult pong cay trong, vajnuoi, dao tao nhan Wc, t i e u t h u s a n p h a m x ; , „M, , j ^ j
thig't bi. Thffc te'cho thay, de thanh lap va phSt trien trang ti-ai chan nudi d mffc quy m6 hung binh theo md hinh NNCNC, ehi phi gSp tff 4-5 lan so vdi xay difng trang trai theo md hinh truyen thdng; dau tit mbt hecta nha kinh cd day du hd thd'ng ttfdi nffdc, phun sffdng, bdn ph§n tff dpng h6a theo cdng nghe cua Israel can it nha't ttr 10-15 ty ddng (Ngoc Sdn va cdng sff, 2017); sii dung thie't bi flycam de' phun thuoc BVTV hieu qua ra't cao nhffng gia thanh len de'n gan lO.OOOUSD (Anh Thd, 2017)... Vi vay, thie'u hut vd'n dau tff dang la rao can ldn nha't trong phat trien nong nghidp cdng nghe cao.
Thdhai, rdo cdn ve nhdn luc. Bd may quan ly la ye'u td quan trpng quye't dinh den sff ton tai va phat trien cua cac HTX, trinh dd can bd quan ly co hdp ly vdi dieu kien cu the cua HTX, thi HTX mdi boat d6ng CO hieu qua va ngffdc lai. Trong khi i6, sd Iffdng can bd quan ly HTX dffdc boi dffdng cd chd' quan ly mdi qua cae Idp tap hua'n hang nam cdn ra't tha'p. Day la rapt khd khan ldn cho qua trinh phat trien cic HTX trong thdi gian tdi.
Tha ba, rdo cdn ve thi trudng tieu thu.
Thi trifdng tieu thu la ye'u to'quye't dmh den thanh bai trong phat trien NNCNC.
B&i vi, san xuS't NNCNC se tao ra khd'i lu'png ndng san ldn, thi trffdng tieu thu thuan ldi se giiip cho san xua't hieu qua va ngifpc lai. Hien nay, 6 nffdc ta thi trffdng tieu thu san pham NNCNC cdn ban hep, khong d'n dinh dan de'n hieu qua san xua't mpt sd san pham cdn tha'p, chffa tffdng Jiling vdi mffc dd dau tff. Nguyen nhan do nhieu loai ndng san chffa cd thffdng hieu, dff bao nhu cau thi trffdng dd'i vdi san pham NNCNC chffa ed hoae chffa day du, lien ke't giffa san xua't va tidu thu con long leo... Nhffng bat cap nay dang la r^o can khi dau tff vao NNCNC.
Thii tu, rdo cdn ve nghien cffu vd chuyen giao cong nghe Muc tieu ldn nha't cua NNCNC la nang sua't, cha't Iffpng va gia tri gia tang cao, nen va'n de cdng nghe cao phai dat len hang dau. Thffc t6 cho tha'y, nang lffc ndi sinh ITnh vffc khoa hpc, cdng nghe trong ndng nghiep cua nffdc ta cdn tha'p, chffa dap ffng d\Xdc ySu cau cua san xua't. Chang ban, nhieu doaiJi nghidp NNCNC mud'n dffdc cac ccl^sd san xuat trong nffdc cung ca'p mdt ph3n cac thid't bi, day chuyen san xua't nham giam gia thanh, song kbdng dffdc dap ijiig, Phin j^n cac gid'ng cay, con, cac g'ii ph^p ky thuat, cac bien phap canh
tac ndng nghidp cdng nghe cao, cac doanh nghidp vin phai nhan chuye'n giao tff nffdc ngoai. Trong khi dd, do thie'u tinh dmh hffdng, cung nhff chffa nam bat dffdc nhu cau cua cac doanh nghiep NNCNC, nen nhieu An pham cdng nghe cua cac cd sd nghien cffu khoa hpc, cdng nghe ndng nghiep mdi dffng lai d thtf nghiem, khdng dffa vao san xua't dffde. Nhff vay, ba't cap trong nghien cffu chuye'n giao cdng nghe cung dang la rao can lam han che ph^t tri^n NNCNC d nffdc ta.
Thff ndm, rdo cdn ve chlnh sdch. Chinh sach lien quan den phat trid'n NNCNC d nffdc ta thdi gian qua cdn nbieu ba't cap. Chang han, ehinh sach tin dung hd trd phat trien NNCNC vdi cac quy dinh thu tuc rffdm ra, phffc tap cung vdi viee danh gia, xe'p loai cac dff an NNCNC dffa tren cae tidu chi theo dnib tinh, thie'u dinh Iffdng... khie'n doanh nghiep khd tie'p can dffdc ngudn vd'n nay. Ke't qua dieu tra cua Vien Chinh sach va Chie'n Iffdc Phat trien ndng nghidp, ndng thon cho bie't, cd tdi 70% doanh nghiep kdu Idid khan khi tie'p can tin diing. Chinh saeh da't dai vdi thdi han va ban dien chffa phu hdp cung khie'n cho chu the cd nhu cau san xua't kinh doanh NNCNC khd tiep can. Cae chinh sach, nhff: dao tao nhan lffc ndng nghidp, bao hiem ndng nghiep, tieu thu san pham, quan Iy thi trffdng, hd trd nghien ctfu va chuyen giao khoa hpc cdng nghe vao ndng nghiep... cdn nhieu nut that cung dang la rao can lara cham qua trinh phat trid'n NNCNC cija Viet Nam (Bd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn, 2018b).
DE NAISJG C A O VAI TRO HOP TAC XA TRONG PHATTRIEN NNCNC
Mgt Id, quy hogch vdng sdn xudt NNCNC. Trong thdi gian tdi, dffdi anh hffdng cua qua tnnh dd thi hda dang did'n ra nhanh, ndng nghiep TP. Ha Ndi se chiu nhieu tac dpng manh me. Do dd, can phai cd quy hoach stf dung da't cho cac vdng san xua't NNCNC dam bao on dinh lau dai.
Thanh phd can sdm hoan thanh quy hoach san xuat NNCNC, trong do chu y phat tnen theo cac tieu viing sinh thai phiJ hdp, tap trung phat trien tai cac vijng da't bai. Do da't san xuat ndng nghiep d Ha Npi cd gm tri cao va ngay cang thu hep, khdng nha't thie't phat tnen nhffng md hinh quy md ldn, ma ffu tien phat trie'n vao phan khuc cd gia tri gia tang cao, nhff- con gidng, cay gidng; cdng nghe sd clie, chd' bien ndng san. Bo sung, nang ca'p nhubg dff an vung san xuS't chuyen canh cd hieu qua, nhff san xua't cay an qua, rau an toan phat trien theo hffdng cdng nghe cao.
Dd'i vdi nhffng dia phffdng khd tich tu rudng da't, sau khi rupng da't dffdc ddn ddi da hinh thanh quy dat cdng ldn, cd the cho doanh nghiep thue de dau tff.
Hai Id, ddu tff ket cdu hg tdng ky thudt. Hidn nay, ben canh so' it vung san xua't dffdc dau tff cd sd ha tang kha bai ban, ddng bd... nhieu viing san xua't nong nghidp tren dia ban Thanh phd' chffa dffdc diu tff cd sd ha tang ky thuat dap ffng dffdc dieu kien san xua't. Do dd, de trie'n khai san xua't theo hffdng ffng dung cdng nghe cao hieu qua, can tie'p tuc:
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- Thanh phd can danh mdt nguon ngan saeh cho phat trie'n NNCNC... de dau tff phat trien ke't ca'u ha tang, nhff:
thuy ldi, giao thdng. dien...
- Khuyd'n khich, tao mdi trffdng phap ly thuan ldi cho cac td chffc, ca nhan bd vd'n dau tff kinh doanh, xay dffng vung NNCNC dffdc hffdng ffu dai tiieo quy dinh cua phap luat ve da't dai dd'i vdi da't san xua't NNCNC, ciing nhff xay dffng cac cd sd djch vu phuc vu phat trien NNCNC va cac ffu dai khac dffdc quy dinh.
Ba Id, ve thi trffdng tiiu thii
- Thanh phd' can nghidn ctJu thanh lap Trung tam gidi thieu mua ban san pham NNCNC. Day dffdc coi nhff chd dau md'i di mua ban, chuyen giao cac thie't bi cdng nghe cao va la ndi ho trd ngffdi san xua't tieu thu san pham ndng nghe cao cua Thanh phd'.
- Hd trd khuyen khich cac HTX, to' hdp tac xay dffng cac website quang ba san pham, tie'p nhan thdng tin phan hdi cua ngffdi tieu diing, lien ke't vdi trang thdng tin dien ttf cua huyen... dd' tao the canh tranh. Ngffdi san xua't can xay dtfng thffdng hieu cho san pham, ke't hdp vdi to ehffc gidi thieu rdng rai san pham, xay dffng cac phdng sff truyen hinh, cac clip gidi thieu ky thuat san xua't va cac san pha'm rau tren dia ban huyen; ddng thdi, phat sdng thffdng xuydn tren cac kenh tiiiyen hinh cua Thanh phd nhim gidi thieu de'n ngffdi tieu dung.
- Lidn ke't trong tieu thu: Cac ca'p, cac nganh ciia Thanh phd', UBND cac huyen va UBND cac xa quan tam giup cac HTX, to' hdp tac, cac hd san xua't xay dubg md'i lidn doanh, lien ke't, nha't la md'i lien doanh, lien ke't vdi cac doanh nghiep, cac ctfa hang, sieu thi, ffffdng hoc ban tru tren dia ban huyen va md rdng tiren Thanh phd', cac be'p an tap the nham thffc hien td't viec cung iJng cac dich vu dau vao cho san xuat, dau ra cac loai ndng san, thffc pham. Day manh xuc tie'n thffdng mai ndng san hang hda thdng qua tri^n lam, hpi chd, cac trung tam gidi thieu san pham ndng san hang hda trong va ngoai Thanh pho'.
Bdn Id, ve tuyen truyen, ndng cao nhgn thffc. Cac nganh, cd quan chuyen mdn cua Thanh phd', cac to chffc Mat Iran va hdi doan tiie huyen phd'i hdp UBND cac huyen, xa, cac HTX ndng nghidp to' chtfc tuyen truyen, nang cao nhan thffc de'n nhan dan ve viec phat trie'n eac vung san xua't NNCNC tai dia phffdng. Xay dffng cac chuyen trang, chuyen muc ve phat ffien NNCNC
gidi thieu tren c^e kdnh tmyen tiianh cua huyen va Thanh phd. de cho mpi ngffdi dan cd the tid'p can dffdc ve cac ffng dung, ke't qua tfng dung cdng nghd cao, cac mo hinh phat trie'n cdng nghe cao va eac san phlm NNCNC, ttf dd tifng bffdc hinh thanh Uf duy san xua't hang hda.
Ndm Id, ve nguon nhdn lite. Day la nen tang ban dau cho viee thffc hien Chffdng trinh phat trie'n NNCNC; ben canh vide dao tao ngudn nhan lffc cd trinh dp cao, can td' chffc chuyen giao tri thtfc va hffdng din cdng nghd nhim giup ngtfdi san xua't am hieu va ap dung ddng bd eac tien bd ky thuat tien tie'n vao san xua't ndng nghiep. Theo dd can:
- To chffc tham quan, hpc tap nghien cffu md hinh vd san xuS't NNCNC tai cac dia phffdng khac eho dpi ngff can bd ky thuat va ngffdi san xua't
- Phd'i hdp vdi trffdng dai hpc, cac vien nghien effu dao tao nang cao trinh dp chuyen mdn, quan ly cho dpi ngu can bd nganh ndng nghiep cua huyen, xa.
Dd'i ttfdng dao tao: can bd quan ly nha nffdc tren ITnh vffc ndng nghiep d huyen;
can bp ky thuat ndng, iam nghiep va thuy san d huydn, xa; ndng dan san xua't trffc tie'p (cau lac bd, HTX, td hpp tac...).
- De xua't thanb phd'tie'p tuc bd'tri cac sinh vien td't nghiep nganh ndng nghidp ve cdng tac tai cac HTX ndng nghiep theo ehd' dd thu hut de' tie'p nhan chuyen giao lai ffng dung cdng nghe cao,
- UBND cac xa bo' tri mpt can bd lam cdng tac ndng nghiep chuyen trach de' thffc hien theo ddi trie'n khai ffng dung cdng nghe cao vao san xua't ndng nghiep tren dia ban xa.
Tap hua'n, pho bie'n, chuyen giao tien bp ky thuat mdi cho ndng dan, nham phat trien, nhan ra dien rdng cac md hinh NNCNC cd hieu qua ben vubg.a
TAIXIEU THAM KHAO_
1. UBND TP. Ha NpiJ2019). Quye't dinh sd 17/2012/QD-UBND, ngdy 09/07/2012 vi viec nhe duyit quy hogch phdt Iriin ndng nghiep TP. Hd Ndi den ndm 2020, dinh lufdng 2030 '
2. Bp Ndng nghiep va Phat trie'n ndng thdn (2018a). lfng dung 'cong nghi cao trons sdn xudi
nong nghiep ° 3. Ba Nong nghiep va Phat ttie'n nong thon (2018b). Bdo cdo Kit qua ihuc hien kgIwarh nMen
citu va chuyen giao Cong nghe nam 2017 vd nliiem vu trong tdm ndm 2018
4. Ngoc Stfn, Ch! Vinh va Bao Phirong (2017). Son biy "cong nghe cao" trone chit ,ri/„ nSno nghiep. Brio iVAmrfan, so ra ngay 12/04/2017 • ™g PHat tnen nong
5. Ngoc Quynh (2019). Hd Ngi ndng cao ndng luc dih hdnh phdt trien hap tde http://www.hoinongdan.org.vn/snepages/nevvs/) I50/73953/ha-noi-nang phat-trien-hop-tac-xa
c -\a, truy cSp tii
•cao-nang-Uic-dieu-hanh-
