TAP CHI CdNG TlirONG
HUY DONG VON CHO PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP CONG NGHE CAO
TREN DIA BAN HUYEN VU BAN, TINH NAM DINH
• TRAN NGQC VAN
T 6 M TAT:
Ndng nghiep la mdt nganh kinh le quan trpng trong ndn kinh te' mdi ntfdc, ddc bidl Id trong giai doan ngay nay, nen ndng nghidp ntfdc la dang chuye'n minh manh me sang hinh thdi nong nghidp cdng nghd cao. Khao sat tren dia ban huyen Vu Bdn, tinh Nam Dinh cho thay Huy^n cd nhffng didu kidn ra't phu hdp cho viec phdt trien ndn nong nghiep theo htfdng hien d^i, song van con gdp rat nhieu kho khan, ddc biet la cdc khd khan trong qud trinh huy dgng vd'n, ddi hdi phdi cd cdc bien phdp thdo gd. Bdi \ie't phan tich thtfc trang va giai phdp da'y manh huy dgng vdn cho phdt trie'n nong nghiep cong nghe cao tai huyen Vu Ban, tinh Nam Dinh.
Tff khda: Huy dpng vdn. ndng nghiep cong nghe cao, huyen Vu Ban, tinh Nam Dinh.
I. Thtfc trang huy dpng vo'n cho phat trien nong nghidp cdng ngh^ cao tai hmen \'u Ban, linh Nam Dinh
1.1, Dieu kien phdt trien ndng nghiep cong nghf cao tgi huyfn Vu Bdn
Huydn Vu Ban dd ihUc hidn xong edng ldc ddn dien ddi thtfa dd'i vdi da't ndng nghidp: xdy dtfng xong De dn Tdi cdcd'u nganh ndng nghiep va dang trien khai thtfc hidn tren dia ban. Dong thdi, huy ddng mpi ngudn Itfe de thuc hien Chtfdng trinh muc tidu Qud'c gia ve xay dtfng ndng thdn mdi:
Tffng budc trien khai xdy dffng md hinh cdnh ddng mdu ldn (05/1S \a xay dtfng la xa Vinh Hdo. Mmh T.in. Lidn Bao. Dai Thdng. Trung Thanh), gan lien
\dic<.igiili hda irong nong nghidp. Tie'p lue chuyen didn lich trdng ltia kem hieu qua sang trdng rau mau \a nudi trdng ihtj\ s;m. Tdng didn tich gieo trdng binh quan hdng nam 21.200 ha. trong dd didn
tich cdy Ilia 16.870 ha, dien tich gid'ng lua cha'l Itfdng cao 8.300 ha, chie'm 50% didn tich. Tong s3n Itfdng Itfdng thffc binh quan hang ndm dat 95.558 td'n. Gia tri I ha canh tac dat 93,5 tridu ddng/ndm.
Gia tri san xua't nong nghidp tang binh quan 3,1%/ndm.
1.2. ThUc trgng cdc kenh huy dgng vdn cho pfidt trien nong nghifp tgi huyfn Vu Bdn
1.2.1. Huy dgng vdn ngdn sdch nhd nUdc Huy dpng vdn ngan sach nha ntfdc dd' phdi tri^n ndng nghiep ddng vai tro ra'l quan trpng, nd taora
"cii hich" ban dau cho ndng nghidp phdt iridn.
Trong nhffng ndm ddi mdi. ngudn vd'n huy dpng vao ngdn sdch nha nUdc tren dia ban Huydn khdng ngffng tdng len.
Trong giai doan nam 2006 - 2011: Td'ng vdn dau tu ngan sach nha nudc vao nong nghidp dai 30.366 ty ddng. day la sff Uu nOn tdn dd'i vdi nong
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TAI CHIKH-NGAN HANG-BAO HIEM
nghiep dhu\dn Vu Bdn. Mtfc vd'n ddu ttf cua ngan sdch nhd nude ldng. ciing vdi vide huy dpng ngudn vdn trong dan ndn da xay dtfng dtfde mpt sdcong trinh ha tang ed sd phue vu ndng nghidp, nhtf; thijy
|0i. giao thong, mang Itfdi dien,...
Trong giai doan 2006 - 2021: Dtf kie'n trien khai ditfc hidn phtfdng htfdng, nhiem vu phdt trien nong nghiep, ndng thdn; tidp tuc thtfc hien chtfdng trinh phdt tnen kinh te' ngoai thdnh va xay dtfng nong ihdn mdi. vdn dau ttf huy ddng qua ngan sdch nha ntfdc de phal trien nong nghiep d huydn Vu Ban Idng len rd rel. Tong ngudn vd'n ngan sdch nha ntfdc huydn Vu Ban danh chi eho phat trien ndng nghiep cong nghd eao dtf kie'n dat 60,007 ty ddng.
Sdvo'n huy dpng ttf ngudn ngan sach dtfde dau uf vdo cdc linh vffc chu yd'u nhu sau;
- Dau ttf cho trai, tram ndng nghiep - Phdi trien ke'i cd'u ha tang phue vu ndng nghi?p
- Nang cd'p he thd'ng giao thdng, eai tao he thdng di$n
/ 2.2. Huy dgng vdn tif ddn cUde phdi irien nong nghifp
Chii irtfdng phdt trien nen kinh td' hang hda nhieu thdnh phan theo ed chd' thi trtfdng da khdi ddy dtfdc tiem nang kinh td'ciia cac hd ndng dan.
Vdi iren 10.000 hp dan tham gia ITnh vffc ndng nghi?p, liem nang kinh td'ciia hp dffdc phan dnh thdng qua vide huy ddng tdng hdp cdc ngudn life:
da'l dai, lao dong, nha'l la tien vd'n vao phdi trien sdn xud't ndng nghiep.
Ndm 2019, huyen Vu Ban da ed trdn 36 trang trai hoal dpng trdn Unh vtfe ndng nghidp va dich vu nong nghiep. Da so'trang trai btfdc dau lam an cfi hidu qua. Dieu tra thifc te' cho tha'y, vd'n binh quan mot trang trai tfdc khoang 150 tridu ddng.
1.2.3. Huy dgng vo'n td doanh nghiep vd hcfp ldc .xd
Dd'n cudi nam 2019. tren dia ban huydn Vu Ban CO 13 DN hoat dpng trong linh vtfc ndng nghiep:
thu hut hang nghin laoddng. Kd't qua, trong 4 nam (2008 - 2011) sd'vd'n ttf huy ddng eiia cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban huyen dai 121 ty ddng. Sd'vd'n tren da dtfdc dtfa vao phat tridn san xud'l, thiic diiy cdc doanh nghiep md rpng san xua't - kinh doanh.
Cdc doanh nghiep nha ntfdc hoat ddng trong linh vtfc ndng nghiep hang ndm dtfdc Nha ntfdc tfu tidn c^p Iff 30% - 50% tdng sd vdn ltfu dpng va 2-3 ly i3ong/nam vd'n xay dtfng cd ban.
1.2.4. Tin dung cho pbdl trien ndng nghiep Trong nen kinh te' thi trtfdng, vo'n lin dung la ngudn vd'n quan trpng, lau dai cung cd'p vo'n cho moi boat dong san xud't - kinh doanh. Mac dii du nd tin dung ddi vdi ITnh \ iic ndng nghiep cdn ehtfa cao nhung da ddng gdp mot phan ddng kc irong viec hd trd ndng nghidp phat trien. Ve ed ban, vdn tin dung huy dgng vao phdt trien ndng nghiep cua Vu Ban chu ye'u la vdn ngdn han. Ltfdng vdn lin dung cho vay trung han chid'm ty le thd'p.
1.3, Ddnh gid ehung ve huy dgng vdn phdt trien ndng nghiep cong nghe cao tgi huyfu Vu Bdn
1.3.1. Nhdng thdnh cdng
Thd nhdt. da huy ddng dtfdc tdng hdp cdc ngudn vo'n khde nhau (vdn ngan saeh nhd nudc, vd'n DN.
vd'n tin dung, vdn cua dan ctf). vdi nhieu hinh ihtfc da dang vd phong phij.
Thd bai. qua trinh huy ddng vdn de phdt irien ndng nghidp ven dd ttfng btfdc bdm sdt dinh htfdng muc tieu. chUdng trinh. dtfdn kinh id'ndng nghidp Clia Tinh.
Thd bu. nhieu vffdng ma'c ve cd ehd' huy dgng va cho vay vd'n de phat trien nong nghidp ven do dd dtfde phal hidn. tap hdp va xtf ly theo hudng ddn gian. phu hdp vdi thffc le'.
Thd ttf. ben canh cdc hinh thtfc huy dpng vd'n trffc lie'p va gian tie'p nhtf ihtfdng Iha'y d cac dia phUdng khde d huyen Nam Dinh, tinh Vu Ban cdn CO hinh thtfc huy ddng vd'n thdng qua vide xay difng cdc Quy (Quy hd trd ndng dan, Quy ttf giup nhau thoat ddi, ngheo). tao ndn linh phong phii, da dang trong cdng lac huy ddng vd'n.
1.3.2. Nhdng hgn che'va nguyen nbdn + Ve Han che:
Mgt Id, chua huy dong difdc Itfdng vd'n ngan sach nha ntfdc du manh dap tfng ydu cau thuc lidn de' phdt trien mpl nen ndng nghiep ven do hien dai.
Hai Id. ehua khai thdc dUde tridt dd ngudn vdn nhan rdi trong ddn ctf gdm cd vang bae, da quy, ba't dong san.... cung nhff vdn tiem tang trong cac DN vao phdt trie'n ndng nghiep cdng nghe cao.
Ba Id. vd'n tin dung chffa thtfc stf Ird thanh mdt kdnh chu yeu de hu\ dpng vd'n phal trien ndng nghiep ven dd: cha'l lugng lin dung ehUa eao, thu tuc eho vay tuy da dtfdc cai tien nhtfng vdn cdn rtfdm ra. gay phien hd cho hd san xudt.
Bdn Id. chUa giai quyd't td't mdi quan he giffa huy ddng va cho va\ cac ngudn vd'n de phat tnen ndng nghidp cdng nghd cao.
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IAP CRi CONB IHIIIfllG
+ Ngu\cn nhan:
Mdt la. cdng tac van ddng. giao due thuyel phue nhan dan chua lot dan dd'n chtfa khai thdc dtfdc triel de ngudn vdn nhan rdi trong dan ctf vao phdt tridn ndng nghiep.
Hen td, nhieu vd'n dd vtfdng mdc \ e cd ehd'da dtfdc phdt hien nhtfng eham dugc ddi mdi. thie'u tinh hieu qua. ehUa U-tfc lid'p tac dgng dd'n kd't qua huy dgng vd'n de phat trien ndng nghidp.
Ba Id, chtfa xay dUng dtfdc mpl he chfnh sdch (chinh sach dau ttf. ehinh sdch gia ca. lai sua't.
chinh sdch lin dung, chinh sdch khoa hpc - cong nghd...) mpl each ddng bp tao dieu kidn thuan ldi cho cong ldc huy dpng vd'n.
Bdn Id, chtfa cd mpl cd chd' qudn Iy vd'n dau ttf ihd'ng nha'l gitfa huyen vdi cdc edquan. id chffc tdi trg vdn de phdt trien ndng nghidp, dan den quan ly vd'n chdng cheo. tha'l thodt. ldng phi Idm giam hidu qua dau ttf.
2. Giai phap da> manh huy dOng vd'n phat trien ndng nghidp cong nghe cao tai huy^n \'ii Ban, tinh Nam Dinh
Mgt Id, hoan thidn chinh sdch ddi vdi phdt trien cd sd ha tang phue vu san xud'l ndng nghidp. Uu lien ngudn vd'n ngan sdch nha ntfdc dd'i vdi cac cong trinh theo cho't mang tinh dau md'i nhtf giao thdng, he ihd'ng ihdng tin Hdn lac... cd kha nang thu hdi vdn dau iff hodc vd'n dau tu chdm nhdm dam bao yeu cau san xua'l cua cdc nha ddu tU.
Nhanh chdng trien khai. hoan thidn ha tang cd sd cho cac khu nong nghiep tfng dung cdng nghe cao de lam ddn ba'\' thu hut ngudn vd'n dau tU trong vao ngoai ntfdc vao san xua't ndng nghiep nhtf khu ndng nghiep cdng nghe cao.
Hai Id, hodn thidn ehinh sdch dd't dai trong san
\ual ndng nghidp. Giam thieu thdi gian va chi phi giiJp cdc nhd dau ttf dd dang hdn trong viec tie'p can mat bang san xud'l. Thuc day hinh thtfc lich tu, lap trung da'l ndng nghiep. hinh thanh quy "da't sach". lao dieu kien cho viec chuyen ddi da'l nong nghidp dam bao hdi hoa idi ich cua ngtfdi ndng dan
\a doanh nghiep.
Ba Id. nang cao chd'l Itfdng ngudn nhan Itfe ITnh vUc ndng nghidp. ndng thdn. Ho trd kinh phi id chtfc cac khda dao lao nghe thie'l thuc, cu the gdn
\di tinh hinh dde diem cua dia phUdng vd dmh hudng phat trien ndng nghiep. Theo dd. ddi mdi boat ddng dao tao nghd cho lao ddng cd sff tham gia ciia doanh nghiep nham gan ke't gitfa dao tao
vdi thi trudng lao dpng Id \iec lam hdt stfc can thiet trong thdi gian tdi eua Nam Dinh. Ddng thdi.
can nhffng cd chinh sach ihich hdp de khuyd'n khich dpi ngii cdn bp chuyen mdn gioi tai dia phffdng, phdt huy cao nha'l kha ndng cua ttfng cd nhan: xay dffng ed chd' thu hut \ d stf dung ngudn nhan lffc cd trinh dp cao ttf bdn ngodi cdng tde trong ITnh vtfc ndng nghiep.
Bdn Id, hd trd cdc doanh nghidp ttf nhdn d^u tff, tfng dung khoa hpe cdng nghd tidn tid'n vdo Siin xua't ndng nghiep. Theo dd, can cd chinh sdch dot phd ve khoa hge cdng nghe, khuye'n khich cdc dtfdn dau ttf edng nghd vao mpt so'ITnh vtfc dang cdn Ihie'u vd yd'u; can cd stf hd trd, tao dieu kien de doanh nghidp cd the' tid'p can dtfdc nhflng kO'l qua nghien ctfu khoa hpc va da'y nhanh cdc md hinh sun xua't tfng dung khoa hpc cong ngh^ iren dien rpng.
Nam Id, phdt irie'n thi irtfdng tidu thu nong sdn.
Hdng ndm, tinh Nam Dinh can bd' tri ngdn sdch da'y manh vd ddi mdi edng ldc xuc tie'n thtfdng mai de quang bd cac san pha'm ndng nghidp c6 ldi the'nhtf cdc loai cdy dn qua cd miii, cay ch6.
cao su, lac. Tdng ctfdng cdng ldc cung cd'p thdng tin lhi trUdng nhdm dap tfng kip thdi cdc ihdng tin ve gid ea ndng sdn, nhu cau lhi trtfdng.
Hd Ird ngtfdi san xua'l ndng nghidp xay dtfng thUdng hieu chi dan dia Iy, tem truy xud't ngudn gd'c, GAP, nhdn mdc, nhan hieu san pham ndng san, tao niem lin dd'i vdi khdeh hdng cho san pha'm ndng san cua tinh Nam Dinh. Khuye'n khich viec san xua't va tidu thu ndng san qua hdp ddng, thuc hien hen ke't "4 nha" (Nha nUdc - Nha khoa hpc - Nha nong va Nha DN trong ndng nghiep).
Hidn nay. Nam Dinh da cd cd hinh thtfc hen ket kinh td' "4 nhd", luy nhien hinh thtfc nay trong tidu thu nong san con kha long leo. Phan ldn cac doanh nghidp thu mua tidu thu ndng san thong qua Ihtfdng idi, viec Hdn kd't trtfc tid'p vdi nong ddn con il. Vi vdy, de tang tinh hidu qua trong vide tidu thu ndng san qua hdp ddng can cd quy dinh rd rang va chat che gitfa cdc ben Hdn quan trdnh tinh trang phd vd hdp ddng. Ben canh dd, hd trd phat trid'n cdc doanh nghiep hoat dpng san xua't, chd' bie'n va tieu thu cac mat hang ndng, lam, thuy san. Cd nhtf vay. cae ngudn vdn dtfdc huy ddng eho phdt trien nong nghiep edng nghd eao tai huydn Vu Ban mdi inLing lai nhtfng hidu qua lich cUc •
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TAI CHJNH-NGAN HANG-BAD HIEM
TAI LIt:i'THAM KHAO:
1. Nguyen Viin Bich (2007). Ndng nghifp, ndng thdn Viet Nam sau hai muen nam ddi mdi - Qud klid va hifn tai.
Nxb Chinh ui Qudc gia - SU thai, Hd Noi.
2, Chu Tien Quang (2011), Nong nghiep Viel Nam sau 4 ndm sia nhap WTO - .Nhffne thay doi \e chinh sdch.
Tgp cbi The'mg lin vd Du bdo kinh te • xd hgi.
.1. UBND linh Nam Dinh (2018). Tho'ng ke tinb binh kinh te - .xa hgi nam 2017-2018.
Ngay nh$n bai: 18/3/2020
Ngay phan bi$n danh gia va sffa chffa: 28/3/2020 Ngay chS'p nhSn dgng bai: 8/4/2020
Thdng tin tde gid:
ThS. TRAN NGQC VAN
Khoa Tai chtnh ngSn hang-Trffdng Dai hpc Kinh td'- Ky thuat Cong nghidp
MOBILIZING CAPITAL FOR HI-TECH AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN VU BAN DISTRICT, NAM DINH PROVINCE
• Master. TRAN NGOC VAN Faculty of Finance and Banking, University of Economics - Technology for Industries
ABSTRACT:
Agriculture is an imporianl economic sector in the economy. In Vietnam, the country's agriculture sector is strongly transforming with high-tech agriculmral produciion models. Vu Ban District, Nam Dinh provicne has favourable conditions for the development of hi-tech agriculture but il still faces many difficulties m promoting the growth of hi-tech agriculmre including capital mobilization challenge. This paper analyzes the situation and solutions to boost capital mobilization for hi-tech agricultural development in Vu Ban District, Nam Dinh Province.
Keywords: Capital mobilization, hi-tech agriculture, Vu Ban District, Nam Dinh Province.
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