TAP CHl KHOA HQC QUAN LY GlAO DUC S6 03/2014
XA HQI HOA GlAO DUC - VAI TRO, NOI DUNG, Y NGHIA VA PHU'ONG THLfC THU'C HIEN
NGUYEN TH! BiCH T H O Y "
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TOM T A T
Xa hdi hda giio dge la mdt chO trwang Idn cOa Ding va Nha nwde de phit triin si/
nghiip giao due. dap Ong nhu ciu hgc tgp suit ddi eua mgi ngwdi din trong boi cinh cdng nghiep hda hien dai hda dit nwde vi nin kinh ti tri thOe. Xa hdi hda giao due ddng vai trd quan trgng trong su nghiep xay di/ng va phat trien giio dgc. De cdng tie xa hgi hda giio due dat kit qua tot, cin nam vOng vai trd, mue tieu, ngi dung, hinh thOe to chOe vi thue hien xa hdi hda giao due.
L D A T V A N O e
Xd hdi hda giao dye Id van ddng vd to chdc mgi lyc lygng xa hdi cQng tham gia phdt triln sy nghiep giao dye dao tgo, tham gia vdo qua trinh gido due. Xd hdi hda gido due cung ehlnh Id tgo dieu kien de mgi ngydi dan dyge thy hydng eae thdnh qua do boat dgng giao due dem lai, ldm cho gido dye trd thdnh sy nghidp cQa tdng cgng dong xa hdi, ldm cho hge tap trd thdnh mdt hogt ddng thudng xuyen cQa mpi ngudi. vi ehat lygng cugc song ban than vd sy phln vinh eua dat nudc.
Trong boi canh nude ta, xa hdi hda gido dye trude hit dygc hilu Id mdt sy nghidp rdng Idn, ddy trach nhiem vd sy quan tdm chdm sde cQa Dang, Nhd nyde, cdc eo quan dodn t h i cdc to ehde kinh t l , xa hdi vd toan dan chdm io cho phdt trien gido dye vd ddo tgo khdng chf vdi the hd tre md doi vdi tit ca mpi cdng dan Viet Nam khdng bidt gid, tre.
nam, nd, gidu, nghdo, ddn t0c, cuong vj, vj tri xa hdi, ai muon hgc, hgc gi, hgc bang cdch ndo, hgc nhu t h i nao phQ hgp vdi holn canh, nang lye,... cQng dugc tgg dieu ki?n t i t nhat ed duge de hgc.
Nhu vdy, xa hgi hda gido dye Id thyc hi§n bdn chat xd hdi cua sy nghidp gido dye, huy ddng eae lyc lugng cQa cgng dong xd hOi ldm gido dye, tgo mdi trudng cho gido dye phdt huy t l i da vai trd eua minh, ldm cho gido due ddp dng cd higu qud nhu d u thyc te eua xa hdi. Cy t h i hon, dd Id sy kit h^p tdng eudng dau ty cho gido dye eua Nh^
nydc vdi vide dly mgnh da dgng hda clc loai hinh trydng Idp, dudi sy qudn IJ cua Nhd nudc va to ehue tot sy phoi hgp gi&a gia dinh - nhd trudng - xd hOi cQng chdm lo eho sy nghiep gido dye.
2. VAI T R 6 , N O I DUNG, V NGHIA COA XA HOI HOA GIAO DMC
Gido due mang bdn chit xd h0i. Xa hpi cdng phdt trien thi vai trd cua gido due cing Idn. Trong qud trinh phdt triln cua xa hOi, gido due Id y l u t l co bdn quan trgng nhlt, \i hgt nhdn cQa mgi sy phdt triln. Dieu ndy c6 nghTa td khdng t h i tdch rdi gido dye ra khfii xa hdi, hay ndi cdch khdc, khdng cd gido dye ddng ngoai xd hgi, khdng cd xa hdi nao phlt trien khdng g i n lien vdi vai trd ljch sd cOa mgt nln gido dye. Sy ton tgi cQa gido dgc ludn ehju sy chi phli eua trinh dg phdt tiien kinh t l xd hdi vd ngugc Igi. Dilu ndy phln dnh tinh chit xa hOi cQa gido dye.
" Thgc sT. Pho Chii tjch Lien doan Lao dpng Thdnh pho H6 Chl Mmh.
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NGUYEN THj BiCH THOY Gido dye ludn Id van de tmng tam eua ddi
song xa hdi vi nd quyit djnh tuong lai cua mdi ngudi vd eua cd xa hdi. Giao dye Id mgt to chdc, mdt the ehe, bao gom: mdt vung lanh tho, he thong gtao dye quIe dan cQa mgt nudc, mgt dja phuong; nhd trudng; eae CO quan giao dye ngoai nhd trudng, eae dodn t h i , gia dinh. Vdi nghTa ndy xd hgi hda gido dye cung ding nghTa vdi xd hdi hda sy nghidp gido dye. Mat khdc gido dgc la mdt hogt dgng, mdt qud trinh. Dd la hogt dgng day va boat ddng hge; boat ddng gido due, ddo tgo, hinh thdnh vd phdt triln nhdn edeh ngudi hpe va con ngudi ndi chung. Do Id mdt qud trinh. Trong nhd trudng qua trinh gido dye eung Id mdt qud trinh xa hgi nhung la tgp trung cQa mgi qud trinh xa hgi khae.
Cdng tae ehuyen mdn cung nhu edng tdc qudn IJ nhd trudng Id thiet k l , t l chdc, van hdnh, kiem tra dieu chfnh qud trinh gido dye.
Qud trinh dd cd t h i Id mdt tiet len Idp, mgt buoi tao ddng cua hgc sinh Id cde qud trinh bd ph$n eua mgt qua trinh tong the eua hogt ddng gido due vd md rpng ra khdng chi d mdt Idp hgc md d ed mgt bdc hgc, mpt d p hpc. Nhu vgy giao dye vdi tu edeh Id mdt boat ddng, mgt qud trinh ehinh la ngi hdm trung tam cua khdi niem xd hdi hda gido dye.
Phdi khang djnh, xa hdi hda gido dye la tinh thin. Id ndi dung quan trgng nhat eua eai cdch gido due, dam bao sy thdnh cdng cua cdi cdch gido dye. Nhieu tdc gia cd tam huyet quan tdm nghidn cdu vd dua ra nhung gidi phdp cho chuong trinh xa hdi hda glao dye nhung thyc te chya ghi nhgn dugc nhieu thdnh cdng. Xa hgi hda gido due d n duge nhgn thuc lai vd giai quyet trdn co sd hgp IJ ban.
Xa hgi hda gido dye ed tdc dung tieh eye den qud trinh xa hdi hda eon ngydi, xa hdi hda cd nhdn. Thye hign xd hdi hda gido dye Id duy tri moi lien hg pho biln cd tinh quy ludt gida cgng dong vd xd hgi. lam cho gido dye phdt trien phQ hgp vdi sy vgn ddng eua
xd hot. Ndi dung quy lugt ndy Id d eho: Mgi ngydi phai lam gido due de gido dye eho mgi ngydi. NghTa Id xa hdi hda gido dye ed hai phyong dien: Mgi ngydi cd trdch nhidm, nghTa vu eham lo phdt triln giao dye vd gido dge la nhlm mye dieh phuc vu cho mgi ngydi, tao dilu kidn d l mgi ngydi d mgi dp tuli, d mgi vung dugc hge tap, hge thudng xuydn, hgc suit ddi nhdm ndng cao ehat lugng cugc song.
Hai phuong didn tren da ndu ro hai ydu d u CO ban thude ve ban ehdt gido dye id: xa hdi hda traeh nhidm, nghTa vu eua mgi ngudi doi vdi giao dye vd xd hdi hda ve quyen tgi giao dye nghTa Id mpi ngudi ed quyen dugc thy hudng mpi thdnh qud cua gido due. Hai yeu d u nay ed quan hd chat ehe va ed sy tdc dgng ldn nhau, trong dd xa hdi hda quyen Igi gido dye td mye tieu, d t ldi eua xa hdi hda gido dye, tdm sao mgi ngudi deu dugc hgc tap. Trong boat ddng thye tidn, d n phdn biet rd tinh chat xd hdi cQa giao due vd xd hgi hda gido dye. Nlu khdng ed dinh hudng rd rang thi ban than hogt ddng gido due van ed tinh chat xa hgi mgt each tu phdt nhung khdng t h i dgt tdi trinh do xd hdi hda dieh thye theo y nghTa xd hdi va nhdn van cua nd.
3. PHU'ONG THU'C T 6 CHLTC THI/C HIEN XA HOI HOA GIAO DUC
Xd hdi hda giao dye la each ndi vdn tat, ngan ggn eiia xd hdi hda cdng tac gido dye.
Cin xde djnh rd rang: Not hdm xa hgi hda gido dye d ddy thugc phgm tru phuong thuc.
phyong cham. cdeh ldm giao due, thudc phyong thde to chdc vd quan IJ gido dye dung vdt ban chat vd ndi dung xd hdi hda.
Cd nhieu hinh thdc t l chdc xa hdi hda giao due:
Huy dgng toin xa hgi ddng gdp nhin Ige, tai Ige. vit chat, thue hien da dang hda cic nguin dau tw vat chat cho giao dgc. Oilu ndy xult phat td mdu thudn eo ban, keo ddi Id mdu thudn giua yeu d u phdt trien gido
TAP CHl KHOA HQC Q U A N LY GlAO OgC bO u;)/zu14 dye ngdy cdng tang vd khd ndng ed han cQa
nhung dilu kidn vat chit - tdi chinh eho sy phat trien dd. Xuat phdt td nhung quan diem rat tieh eye v l vai trd eua gido dye trong sy phdt triln kinh te xd hdi eua ddt nude, trong nhung ndm qua. mac du edn rat nhilu khd khan, Nhd nude da tdng ddn ti trgng chi ngdn sdch eho gido due. Tuy nhidn giao dye trong thye te van gap nhieu khd khan ve dilu kign eo sd vat chat - tdi ehinh do van de phdt tnen quy md vd nhung ydu elu can thiet d l ed duge chat lugng trong giao due.
- Cic Ige Iwgng xa hdi tham gia phit triin quy md - so Iwgng cua giio dgc. Dd Id vide huy dgng todn xd hpi, nhdt la cdng dong dja phuong tham gia thyc hien cde chf tidu k l hogeh phdt trien gtao dye trdn dja bdn. Cdc npi dung nhy pho cap gido dye cdc d p hpc, phdt trien ede tmng tdm hpe tap cOng ding dang dyge ede dja phyong ciing vdi gido due trien khai ed hieu qud. Nhilu dja phuong dd vgn dung t i t phuong thdc xa hdi hda d l gidi quyit v i n d l ndy vd ciing vdi sy chf dao eua cdc d p chinh quydn vd gido dye, thu dugc kit qud tot.
- Cae Ige Iwgng xa hdi tham gia vio viic da dang hda cac hinh thwc hgc tgp, cic loai hinh trwdng Idp. Phat trien kinh te hdng hda theo CO ehe thj trudng, md cda vd cdng nghigp hda hign dai hda dat nyde dang ddt ra nhij'ng ydu d u mdi cho xa hgi vd md hydng phdt triln eho tdng ea nhdn. Dd Id yeu elu v l nhan lye, yeu d u v l trinh dg vdn hda chung, ve su hinh thdnh nghe vd chuyen doi nghe nghiep, ve dao ddc eon ngudi trong quan hd xd hgi dang doi mdi. Moi cd nhan cQng phdi no lyc phdt triln bdn than, vi sy thdnh dgt, thich dng vdi nhdng dli mot kinh te-xa hgi.
Bdn thdn gido dye eung phai thich dng vdi nhu'ng bien doi ndi tren, tdng eydng dau vdo, nang cao ehit lygng va hidu qua giao due, giai quyit dau ra, thyc hidn myc tieu
ddn tri, nhdn lye, nhdn tdi. Do dd da dgng hda cdc hinh thde hge t^p vd cdc logi hinh nhd tm-dng trd thdnh yeu d u tat yeu. Xd hoi hda giao dye la mdt gidi phdp quan trpng, can thiet vd ed hieu qud d l thyc hien yeu eau ndi trdn
- Huy ddng toan xd h0i tham gia xay dung mdi trwdng thugn Igi cho vigc giio dgc the h^
tri. Yeu d u dgt ra la ldm sao bao dam dugc tinh tieh cye cQa mdi trydng xd hdi vd nhlt id sy thong nhat dnh hydng, thong nhat tic dgng mang tinh gido dye dli vdi the he tre.
Phai xdy dyng dygc nhdng mdi trydng gilo dye, tdc Id mdi trydng cua he thong cac moi quan he gido dye mgt each cd J thdc giua ngudi gido dye vd ngudi dugc giao dye, ndi each khac giua ngudi dgy vd ngudi hpe. Do Id nhyng mdi trydng xd hdi dygc todn the xa hdi cham lo de trd thanh nhyng phyong tign, nhij-ng dilu kign khdch quan eho sy hinh thdnh vd phdt tnln nhdn cdch hpc sinh. Dd II mgt phan cQa gido dye xa hdi tao nen nhan cdch con ngydi. Nd dyge the hign d vigc ket hgp cae lye lygng xa hgi, phdt huy vai tro cua ede nhan to xd hpi d l tao ra nhdng anh hydng tich eye cua mdi trudng trong viec gido due the he tre; muln tao ra sy thong nhlt dnh hudng giao dye phdi xdy dyng clc mdi trudng nhd trudng, gia dinh, xd hpi vl thyc hten sy phoi hgp chdt ehe giCpa cae yeu t l dd. Cd nhieu mdi trudng nhd tdc ddng den nhdn cdeh cua thanh thieu nien, d n phli tinh d i n mdt each d l y du vd tam quan trpng cua nd, vi du nhu nhdm ban be, nhdm hinh thdnh trong thdi gian ranh rdi, khu vyc d hay Id noi eutru.
- Thu hut eae Ige Iwgng xa hdi tham gia vao qui trinh giio dgc cOng vdi nha trwdng.
Cdng tde xa hdi hda gido due khdng ehi 11 van ddng sy ddng gdp tiln cua xdy dyng nhd trudng, ma cdn vgn ddng xa hdi tham gia vdo vide giai quyet nhung van d l ciia gido due nhu dd ndi d cae ndi dung tren. X§
hgi hda gido dye phdi tiln tdi huy dgng toln
NGUYEN THI BiCH THOY xa hot tham gia tryc tiep hoge gian tiep vao
qud trinh gido dye tdc Id tham gia vdo cdc boat dgng dao tgo eon ngydi. Ddy Id mCrc dg cao, mgt ITnh vyc khd khan hon eua cugc van ddng xd hdi hda gido dye. Cde lyc lugng xd hdi cd-tllm ndng va thyc sy cd khd ndng tham gia vdo qua trinh giao dye, td viec tham gia ey t h i hda mye tidu gido dye, ddng gdp vdo ndi dung gido dye, to chuc cde boat ddng gido due, den vide tham gia quan IJ, ddnh gid kit qua gido dye.
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
1. Ban chap hdnh Trung uong Ddng Cgng sdn Vidt Nam (2013), Nghi quyit 29-NQ/TW Hdi nghi Trung wang 8 khda XI "Ve doi mdi can bin, toan dien giio due va dao tgo, dip ung yeu cau cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda trong dieu kign kinh te thj trwdng djnh hwdng xa hgi chu nghTa vi hdi nhip quoc te".
2. Chinb phu (1999), Chinh sach xa hgi hda nhim khuyin khich, huy ddng cae nguin lue trong nhin din. trong cic td chOe thude mgi thinh phan kinh ti de phat trien cic boat ddng xa hgi hda ITnh vge giio due. y ti, van hda, the thao, Nghj djnh so 73/1999/NQ-CP.
3. Chinh phQ (2005), Day manh xa hdi hda cac boat ddng giio due, y ti, vin hda va the dgc thi thao, Nghi djnh so 05/2005/NQ-CP.
4. Oang Cdng sdn Vidt Nam (2011), Van kien Dgi hdi dgi bieu toin quoc lan thO- XI, Nxb.
Chinh tri qude gia, Hd Ndi.
5. Thu tudng Chinh phQ (2012), Quyet dinh so 711/QB-TTg phe duyet chien Iwgc phit trien giio due 2011 - 2020, Hd Ndi.
ABSTRACT
Educational socialism is a major policy of the Party and Government to develop education career and meet lifelong teaming needs of all people in the country's context of industrialization and modernization and knowledge economy. Educational socialism plays an important role In the construction and development of education. For educational socialism to achieve good results, should understand the role, objectives, contents and forms of organization on the implementation of educational socialization.
