CHAPTER V: EXPOSURE OF DATA AND RESEARCH FINDINGS …
5.2 Translation Technique
5.2.1 Translation from Karonese (ST) into Bahasa Indonesia (TTI)
5.2.1.2 Couplets Translation Technique
As mentioned previously, in addition to a single technique there are also found couplet techniques, which is a combination between the two translations techniques applied in determining the equivalent in the target language. The combination of two of translation techniques : Literal technique + pure borrowing technique, Literal technique + calque technique, literal + Transposition technique, Addition + Pure Borrowing technique, Addition + Transposition Technique, deletion + pure borrowing technique, and Transposition + Pure Borrowing Technique
Table 5.2: Couplet Translation Technique from ST to TT2
Technique Couplet Technique Variety Total
Couplet
1 Literal + pure borrowing 38
2 Addition + Pure Borrowing 5
3 Addition + transposition 2
4 Deletion + pure borrowing 2
5 Transposition + Pure Borrowing 2
6 Literal + Calque 1
7 Literal + Transposition 1
TOTAL 51
Chart 5.2: Couplet Translation Technique from ST to TT1
Table 4.2 above shows that in 8 variants couplet technique, a blend literal technical and pure borrowing technique is applied in a dominant position (38), followed by a mix of Addition and Pure Borrowing technique (5), Addition technique and Transposition technique (2). The frequency use of the other techniques variant is very low. All the five variant couplet techniques will be described below.
5.2.1.2.1 Literal + Pure Borrowing Technique
There were 38 data translated with Couplet techniques with a variation of Literal and Pure Borrowing Technique in this study Including the following numbers:
41 43 47 55 106 123 126 131 133 136
139 141 152 160 162 165 168 170 172 195 201 204 209 214 216 228 231 233 239 244
74%
10%
4%
4% 4%
2% 2%
Couplet Translation Technique from ST to TT1
Literal + pure borrowing Addition + Pure Borrowing Addition + transposition Deletion + pure borrowing Transposition + Pure Borrowing Literal + Calque
Literal + Transposition
258 302 316 332 342 388 390 394
The data included in this category are basically dominated by the application of the literal technique shown by the wording adjustments based on the rules that apply in the target language. This technique requires matching the lexical that are still tied with the source language but the lexical composition that forms a phrase have already adapted the rules of the target language. It is shown in the following examples:
The following are sentences from the source data that has been translated from Karonese (ST) into Bahasa Indonesia (TT1) using Literal and Pure Borrowing Technique
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
41 Encage ibereken ka tawar ipanna gelah meter pergegeh tulan.
Lalu diberikan pula tawar dimakan pasien untuk mempercepat penguatan tulang.
5.2.1.2.2Literal Technique + Calque
A combination of literal technic + calque happened on research data below.
Sentence structure adjustment in translation is understood as an attempt to produce a translation that can be acceptable to the target language.
Meanwhile, the interference structure of the source language in the target language as the hallmark of calque technique arise as a result of the inability of translators in finding the exact equivalent in the target language. Therefore, the
translator tends to not only perform structural interference but also lexical. Intended data is data numbered: 25
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
25 E enggo faktor keturunen. Itu sudah faktor keturunan.
5.2.1.2.3 Addition + Pure Borrowing Technique
This study has identified a variant couplet techniques which is a combination of addition and pure borrowing techniques. The data is number 211, 223, 226, 253 and 256. They have been translated from Karonese language into Bahasa Indonesia
DATA CAKAP KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
211 Kapal-kapal tawar ipuh enda banci jadi ramuan minak pengalun, kuning seri ras kapal-kapal sideban.
Tumbuhan jenis parasit ini biasa digunakan untuk membuat minyak, param dan kuning seperti tumbuhan parasit lainya.
5.2.1.2.4 Addition + Transposition Technique
Additional techniques commonly applied in translation activities. The addition in question is additional information that basically does not exist in the source sentence. The presence of additional information in the target sentence is intended to further clarify the concept of the original author trying to convey to reader the target.
Example: She Came late translates into an old lady came too late. Transposition is a translation technique by changing grammatical category. This technique is similar to the technique of shifting categories, structures and units.
The following is a sentence from the source data that has been translated from Karonese into Bahasa Indonesia using Addition and Transposition Technique.
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
218 Gedang bulungna seh 6cm, belangna seh 4 cm
Daunya bisa mencapai 6cm panjangnya, dan lebarnya 4cm
5.2.1.2.5 Deletion+ Pure Borrowing
The following is sentence from the source data that has been translated from Karonese language into Bahasa Indonesia using Deletion and pure borrowing techniques.
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
23 Turikendu sitik uga mbarenda makana kam banci jadi guru pertawar penggel?
Tolong ceritakan bagaimana Anda bisa menjadi ―guru pertawar penggel‖?
5.2.1.2.6 Transposition + Pure Borrowing Technique
The following sentence is from the source data that has been translated from Karonese into Bahasa Indonesia using Transposition and pure borrowing techniques.
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
93 Binara ibahan kalak Karo gelarna perban bungana mbentar melala, adi kena las matwari rupana erbinar. E maka bana kalak Karo gelarna BINARA. Erbinar ertina ersinar,
Orang karo menamakannya BINARA oleh karena bunganya yang kecil-kecil berwarna putih kalau kena sinar matahari akan berkilau. Berkilau sama dengan erBINAR,
5.2.1.2.7 Literal + Transposition Technique
The following sentence is from the source data that has been translated from Karonese into Bahasa Indonesia using Literal and Transposition techniques.
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT2
310 Enda enggo pulung kerina ramuan-ramuan tambar penggel e Nini
Ini semua ramuan obat patah tulang sudah terkumpul, Nini.