CHAPTER V: EXPOSURE OF DATA AND RESEARCH FINDINGS …
5.2 Translation Technique
5.2.1 Translation from Karonese (ST) into Bahasa Indonesia (TTI)
5.2.1.1 Single Technique
As mentioned briefly above, a single technique refers to the application of one technique alone in translating research data both tangible words, phrases, clauses, and sentences from Karonese into Bahasa Indonesia. In this study seven single techniques were being in used, they were literal, pure borrowing techniques, Established equivalent, Equivalent, reduction or deletion techniques, addition techniques, transposition techniques.
Single Technique
Table 5.1: Single Translation Technique from ST to TT1
Technique Single Technique Variety Total
Single
1. Literal 90
2. Pure borrowing 23
3 Established equivalent 9
4. Addition 13
5. Reduction/Deletion 3
6. Transposition 9
Total 147
Chart 5.1: Single Translation Technique from ST to TT1
From all seven single techniques above, the literal technique is most widely used (90), followed by pure borrowing Techniques (23), Addition techniques (13), Transposition technique (9), Established Equivalent technique (9), reduction
16% 61%
6%
9%
2%
6%
Single Translation Technique from ST to TT1
Literal
Pure borrowing Established equivalent Addition
Reduction/Deletion Transposition
technique (3). Meanwhile, other single technique, such as, modulation techniques, and naturalized technic are not found on this data.
5.2.1.1.1 Literal Technique
Literal Technique translation is a technique in which the translator translates a word or an expression literally. This technique requires matching the lexical that are still tied with the source language but lexical composition that forms a phrase have already adapted the rules of the target language.
In this study the researcher identified 90 Karonese language data translated into Bahasa Indonesia by applying the literal technique. The 90 data are data number:
29 31 33 35 37 39 45 51 53 57
61 65 69 71 75 85 110 112 115 117
119 121 128 143 145 147 154 156 158 175 177 179 181 183 186 188 190 192 197 199
206 236 241 246 248 260 262 264 266 268 270 272 276 280 284 286 288 292 296 298 306 308 314 318 320 322 324 326 330 334
336 338 340 344 346 348 352 354 356 358 364 366 368 370 372 374 378 382 384 386
The followings sentence was being translated from Karonese into Bahasa Indonesia using the literal techniques.
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
29 Tang-tangna kuperiksa lebe kondisi tulan si penggel e.
Pertama saya periksa dulu kondisi tulang yang patah
5.2.1.1.2Established Equivalent
Translational equivalence is the similarity between a word (or expression) in one language with the translation in another language. Thus, a translation equivalent is a corresponding word or expression in another language. The following are the sample of used established equivalent Techniques from Karonese into Bahasa Idonesia.
59 67 73 83 87 91 95 99 79
The following are the sample of used establised equivalent Techniques from Bahasa Indonesia into.English
DATA
KARO ST
BAHASA INDONESIA
TT1 59
KACIWER
kaciwer
KENCUR;
67
SEREI WANGI SERAI WANGI
73
SITELU BULUNG
PAMAMAN/KALIMA NTAN
79
PIA BAWANG MERAH
83
LASUNA BAWANG PUTIH
87
SENDEP SENDEP PAKU EKOR KUDA
91
BINARA BARU
CINA.(SUNDAMALA) 95
GUMIS KUCING KUMIS KUCING
99
TABU TABU KUNDUR;
5.2.1.1.3 Pure Borrowing Technique
Borrowing is a translation technique in which translator borrowed the word or phrase of the source language. The borrowing can be pure or naturalized. Pure Borrowing refers to the lending source language word or phrase in full without any adjustment of pronunciation. For example, the hard disk in the source language text is
maintained in the target language text. On the other hand, naturalized borrowing is understood as the borrowing of words or phrases followed by adjustment of pronunciation.The word "computer", for example, translates into a komputer. The second type of technique is different from the above borowing, lending culture refers to the transfer of the source language into the culture of the target language.
In this study it has been identified the data that is translated by Pure
185 KAPAL KAPAL
Additional techniques commonly applied in translation activities. The addition in question is additional information that basically does not exist in the source sentence.
The presence of additional information in the target sentence is intended to further
The followings are some sample sentences from the source text which were translated into Bahasa Indonesia (TT1) using the addition techniques.
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
27 Adi nambari tulan penggel kai langkah-langkahna sampai malem?
Untuk megobati patah tulang, apa langkah-langkah yang di ambil sampai pulih.
5.2.1.1.5Reduction/Deletion Technique
Deletion Technique is a translation technique that is realized by eliminating elements of the source language text of the target language. The removal of the elements of the source language is generally caused by a lack of grammatical equivalents. In the context of such a removal it is an obligatory that generated a translation that does not infringe the rules of the target language. The removal of this kind is optional. However, this deletion technique is often used as an "excuse" by translators to cover the inability to find the equivalent of the source language words in the target language. On the other hand, thorough deletion refers to removal of whole elements contained in the phrase, clause, or sentence in question. Data sources are not translated or removed from the target text.
The followings are some sample sentences from the source text which were translated from Karonese (ST)into Englsih (TT2).
5.2.1.1.6 Transposition Technique
Transposition is a translation technique by changing grammatical category. This technique is similar to the technique of shifting categories, structures and units. The verb in the source language text, for example, is converted into a noun in the target language text. Structural shift technique commonly applied if the structure of the source language and target language are different from each other. Therefore, a shift in the structure is mandatory. The mandatory nature of the shift in the structure of the force on the translation from English into Indonesian to avoid interference that may cause translation grammatical unacceptable and difficult to understand. Here are the source data numbers:
81 101 103 274 312 350 360 362 392
The followings are some sentences from data source translated using transposition techniques from Karonese language (ST) translated into Bahasa Indonesia (TT1)
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
81 Pia ertina menipes, rupana Megara Kulita menipes erlapis-lapis emaka gelarna pia ban
Pia berarti tipis, warna merah dan kulitnya tipis berlapis-lapis. Itulah
sebabnya orang Karo
DATA KARO BAHASA INDONESIA
ST TT1
49 Mbue macam-macamna. Banyak ragamnya,
kalak Karo. menamakannya Pia.