SCADA-HOME BASED SECURITY SYSTEM
NURUL ANIS NADIA BT ZAHAR
“I hereby declared that I have read through this report and found that it has comply the partial fulfillment for awarding the degree of Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
(Control, Instrumentation, and Automation)”
Signature : ………..
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SCADA- Based Home Security System
NURUL ANIS NADIA BT ZAHAR
Thesis submitted in accordance with the partial requirements of the Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for the
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Control, Instrumentation & Automation)
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
I hereby declared that this report is a result of my own work excepts of the excerpts that have been cited clearly in the references”
Signature : ………
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DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank Allah S.W.T the Almighty God because of HIS blessing I can complete this project and make this project successful. Without HIS blessing, I would not be here and would not be able to complete this project.
I would like to take an opportunity to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Prof Madya Mohd Ariff b Mat Hanafiah for his engagement, support, and encouraging attitude, coursed and editorial advice in preparation during this project.
Not forgetting my dedication to my members of academic and technical staff that continuously support and guiding me directly or indirectly to complete this project in time. Their sharing of experiences help me to overcome the obstacles encountered during completing this project.
Last but not least, to my parents, family and friends for their supports, prays and helps all the way during this project been implemented. I really appreciate and grateful for what they have done. It was their kindness that given me opportunity to successfully completing our project.
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ABSTRACT
ABSTRAK
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION PROJECT TITLE
DECLARATION OF THESIS DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT
ABSTRAK
LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ABBREVIATION LIST OF APPENDICES
I INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Project Background 1
1.2 Problem Statement 3
1.3 Project Objectives 4
1.4 Project Scope 4
II LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Previous Research 5
2.1.1 Design and Implementation of Smart Home System for Security System
5
2.1.2 Smarter Smart Homes: Technologies, Challenges and Opportunities
2.1.3 Improving Security for SCADA Control System 6 2.1.4 15 Great Ideas for Smart Home Security 9
2.2 Components Theory 10
2.2.1 SCADA
2.2.1.1 Human Machine Interface (HMI) 2.2.1.2 Hardware Solutions
2.2.1.3 Communication Infrastructure and Methods 2.2.1.4 Scada Architecture
10 11 12 12 13 2.2.2 InduSoft WebStudio Project
2.2.2.1 Internal Structure and Data Flow 2.2.2.1 Other Software Available in Market
16 17 19
2.2.3 PLC 20
2.2.4 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) 23 2.2.5 Sensors
2.2.5.1 Sensors Characteristics 2.2.5.2 Home Security Sensors
25 26 27
III PROJECT METHODOLOGY 32
3.1 Project Methodology 32
3.2 Project Planning 35
IV RESULTS 36
4.1 Software Development 4.1.1 Alarm System 4.1.1.1 Truth Table 4.1.1.2 Karnaugh Map
4.2.1.3 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) I/O Assignments for Alarm system
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system
4.2.1.5 Ladder Diagram of Alarm system 4.2.1.6 Mnemonic Code of Alarm system 4.1.2 Scada Home Based Security
40 41 42 43
4.2 Result 46
V DISCUSSION
5.1 Project Significances
5.1.1 Significance to University 5.1.2 Significance to Industry 5.1.3 Significance to the Student 5.2 Benefits of the Smart Home
5.2.1 Convenience at the finger tip 5.2.2 Safety and intelligent security
5.3 Analysis on the effectiveness of using SCADA system 5.3.1 Advantages of Scada System
5.3.2 Disadvantages of Scada System
47 48 48 48 48 48 48 49 49 49 50
VI CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
NO TITLE PAGE
2.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
CCTV Parts and Accessories Truth Table
Karnaugh Map
Input Assignments for Alarm System Output Assignment for Alarm System
23 37 38 39 39 5.1 Comparison between the relevant systems for Smart Home
System
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LIST OF FIGURES
NO TITLE PAGE
1.1 2.1
Burglary modus operandi
Typical SCADA system architecture
2 15 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Integrated SCADA architecture
The Web Studio Development Environment IWS Data Flow
Data Flow Example
16 17 18 19 2.6 2.7
Basic PLC Components System PLC System Overview
21 22
2.8 Example of CCTV applications 24
2.9 Multi-Fresnel lens type of PIR/PID 29
2.10 Basic Smoke Detector 30
2.11 3.1 3.2
Example of Burglar Alarm Flowchart of SCADA system Gantt Chart for Project Planning
31 33 34 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.7
Logic Gate Design Login Page
Basic Layout of a House Event Screen
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
UTeM Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka PLC Programmable Logic Controller PIC Programmable Integrated Chip
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SMS Short Messaging System
GSM Global System Mobile HMI Human Machine Interface GUI Graphical User Interface RTUs Remote Terminal Units CCTV Closed Circuit Television
dB Decibel
PID Passive Infrared Detector PIR Passive Infrared Sensor I/O Input/Output
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LIST OF APPENDICES
NO TITLE PAGE
A InduSoft WebStudio Project 57
B Specifications of PLC OMRON 58
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
Just as we are more conscious of national security these days, home security
remains a top concern in the minds of most people. Home is a proverbial castle, and
although a moat cannot be build around the house, we can - and should - take steps to
make our home as safe as possible. When we do, we'll sleep easier at night, whether we
are tucked into our own bed or in some place hundreds of miles away.
It is surprising the number of people who install expensive alarm systems and yet
neglect basic physical security measures. A house having an alarm but offering easy
entry may tempt a burglar to chance it, snatch a few valuables, and then make a quick
getaway. They may gamble on the fact that because of the prevalence of false alarms,
few people take any notice of an alarm sounding unless it goes on for too long. They
may even try, and succeed, in silencing it.
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A brief description at the burglar' modus operandi is discussed-the things he looks for, how he gets in, and what does when he’s in.
[image:17.612.152.560.271.477.2]The favourite method of access is a rear window. They are less likely to be observed at the back than at the front, or be caught by someone returning home at the front door. Furthermore, people tend to neglect security of the back door where frequently front doors can be seen fairly equipped with several high-security locks and bolts while rear doors have just a simple lock and windows have virtually no protection at all.
Figure 1.1: Burglary modus operandi
There are several security measures that really make a difference in protecting the house:
a) Burglars alarm
b) Security locks for doors and windows. c) CCTV
1.2 Problem Statement
The major reason in designing this project is to solve user’s problems especially in burglary cases which are increasing nowadays. Referring to the statistic that made by the nationmaster.com, Malaysia is in the rank of 26 out of 68 countries around the world in most recent burglary cases. This shows that Malaysians should improve the level of their home security in order to prevent these problems.
The funny thing about the home invasions is they have not changed at all over the years. Criminals still use the same methods to break into the houses now as they always have. Most of the burglaries involved with forcible entry, which means if the users focus on protecting their home from forced entry, their odds of being burglarized drop dramatically. Thus, having a few security measures really could really make a difference.
a) Criminals target houses that look like easy picking. If they are searching for somewhere to rob and see an unsecured home that looks empty, it is an attractive options. That is why burglary usually happens at the houses where its security system is poor and less observed.
b) By using conventional security system, users did not receive any signal when intruders enter their houses. Therefore, immediate action cannot be performed.
c) Sometimes false signals reaction occurred due to the improper situation such as over-sensitive alarm system because of lightning, damaged sensors etc.
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1.3 Project Objectives
This project is divided into four main objectives:
a) To design the software that will control all the system we want to monitor.
b) To implement new technology for automation and security system rather than the conventional way that is not effective and safe anymore.
c) To allow the users to control their house appliances at anytime and anywhere they are.
1.4 Project Scope
After many researches done on the security system concept, there are some issues must be considered to produce a preliminary design on SCADA-Based Home Security System that are:
a) Design a system which alerts the users immediately when intruders break into their houses.
b) Design an effective and complete security system for houses.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
This chapter consists of explanation and revision of the past projects which had been done before. It consists of theory of the components, equipments and programming languages that will be used in this project.
2.1 Previous Research
2.1.1 Design and Implementation of Smart Home System for Security System
By : Mohd Zulfadli b Ibrahim
Summary :
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which is coordinated by Smart Home controller and controlled by users using command interfaces.
2.1.2 Smarter Smart Homes: Technologies, Challenges and Opportunities
By : MIMOS
Summary :
This paper discusses various aspects of a smart home system especially using a combination of Power Line carrier, Radio Frequency (RF) and Internet technology to access and control your home. Current trends, key issues, standards and features of smart home systems are discussed in detail. MIMOS Smart Home System (BestariHome) design, development and commercial implementation for 230 units of terrace houses in Johor will be described. Finally, based on its broad experience from design to implementation some guidelines for smart home system designers and developers are suggested.
2.1.3 Improving Security for SCADA Control System
By : Mariana Hentea
Summary :
Wide Web technologies, these systems were integrated with business systems and became more exposed to cyber threats. There is a growing concern about the security and safety of the SCADA control systems. The Presidential Decision Directive 63 document established the framework to protect the critical infrastructure and the Presidential document of 2003, the National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace stated that securing SCADA systems is a national priority. The critical infrastructure includes telecommunication, transportation, energy, banking, finance, water supply, emergency services, government services, agriculture, and other fundamental systems and services that are critical to the security, economic prosperity, and social well-being of the public.
The critical infrastructure is characterized by interdependencies (physical, cyber, geographic, and logical) and complexity (collections of interacting components). Therefore, information security management principles and processes need to be applied to SCADA systems without exception. Critical infrastructure disruptions can directly and indirectly affect other infrastructures, impact large geographic regions, and send ripples throughout the national and global economy. For example, under normal operating conditions, the electric power infrastructure requires fuels (natural gas and petroleum), transportation, water, banking and finance, telecommunication, and SCADA systems for monitoring and control.
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of risks that can interfere with critical operations. Key requirements and features needed
are described to improve the security of the current SCADA control systems. For example, in assessing the risk for SCADA systems, use of general methods for risk analysis including specific conditions and characteristics of a control system need to be applied. Effective risk analysis for SCADA systems requires a unified definition for mishap and identification of potential harm to safety.
As computer systems are more integrated, the distinction between security and safety is beginning to disappear. In bridging the gap between these domains, a unified risk framework is proposed which combines a new definition of mishap with an expanded definition of hazard to include the security event. However, methods for risk management that are based on automated tools and intelligent techniques are more beneficial to SCADA systems because they require minimum or no human intervention in controlling the processes. A unified security/safety risk framework for control systems is also identified. Implementing security features ensures higher security, reliability, and availability of control systems. Thus organizations need to reassess the SCADA control systems and risk model to achieve in depth defense solutions for these systems.
2.1.4 15 Great Ideas for Smart Home Security
By :Joan Engebretson
Summary :
Although residential security systems sometimes are described with terms such as “commodity” and “cookie cutter,” it’s a different story at the high end of the market. There are 15 great ideas for high-end residential security system:
a) Integrating multiple system b) A single interface
c) Occupancy Sensors Save Energy d) WAV Files for Emergency Use
e) Astronomical Clock Can “Goof Proof” the System f) Remote Control and Alerts
g) Rethinking Alerts h) Two-way Wireless
i) New Communication Methods j) Phone-based Intercoms
k) Powered Door Locks l) Secure Rooms
