ii ABSTRAK
Stroke adalah suatu gangguan suplai darah ke otak yang terjadi secara mendadak dan dapat menimbulkan cacat atau kematian. Di RSUD Sidikalang terdapat 212 penderita stroke selama tahun 2013-2015 dan menjadi penyebab kematian nomor satu pasien rawat inap di RSUD Sidikalang.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita stroke rawat inap di RSUD Sidikalang tahun 2013-2015, dilakukan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain case series. Populasi penelitian adalah 212 data penderita stroke dengan besar sampel 137 data penderita yang diambil secara Simple Random Sampling. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square.
Penelitian ini menunjukkan proporsi penderita stroke tertinggi pada kelompok umur 55-64 tahun (34,4%), perempuan (57,7%), suku Batak (99,3%), Kristen Protestan (86,1%), kawin (98,5), pekerjaan petani (64,2%), Kabupaten Dairi (83,9%), BPJS/Askes (61,3%), belum pernah pemeriksaan CT-Scan (93,4%), tipe stroke non hemoragik (75,9%), mengalami hemiparese dextra (36,5%), onset serangan ≥6 jam (46,0%), faktor risiko hipertensi (51,1%), lama rawatan rata-rata 2,20 hari, pulang berobat jalan (37,2%), lama rawatan rata-rata stroke non hemoragik 2,36 hari, dan lama rawatan rata-rata yang pulang berobat jalan 3,00 hari. Tidak ada perbedaan umur berdasarkan tipe stroke (p=0,712) , jenis kelamin berdasarkan tipe stroke (p=0,677) dan faktor risiko berdasarkan tipe stroke (p= 0,299). Ada perbedaan proporsi onset serangan berdasarkan tipe stroke (p=0,001 dan keadaan sewaktu pulang berdasarkan tipe stroke (p=0,001).
Bagi pihak RSUD Sidikalang disarankan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan medis dengan melengkapi sarana dan prasarana pemeriksaan dan penanganan stroke seperti CT Scan serta perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan berkala terhadap faktor risiko stroke terutama hipertensi (51,1%) agar tidak berlanjut ke arah stroke. Kepada bagian Rekam Medik agar melengkapi pencatatan data penderita pada kartu status seperti pendidikan, pekerjaan, sisi tubuh yang lumpuh, faktor risiko dan onset serangan.
Kata kunci : Stroke, karakteristik penderita
iii
ABSTRACT
Stroke is caused by the interruption of the blood supply to the brain which occurs suddenly and can cause disability or death. In RSUD Sidikalang was found 212 stroke patients in 2013-2015 dan stroke is number one cause of death in RSUD Sidikalang.
To purpose the characteristic of stroke patient hospitalized in RSUD Sidikalang since 2013 until 2015, descriptive study has been done by using case series design. The population were 212 stroke patient data with number of sample was 137 data, that taken with Simple Random Sampling Continued with Chi Square test.
This study shows the highest proportion of the patient stroke is in the age 55-64 years old (34,4%), women (57,7%), Batak ethnic (99,3%), Cristian Protestan (86,1%), marriege (98,5%), the work of farmers (64,2%), Kabupaten Dairi (83,9%), BPJS/Askes (61,3%), never CT-Scan inspection (93,4%), non hemoragic stroke (75,9%), hemiparese dextra (36,5%), onset of attact ≥6 hour (46,0%), risk factor hipertensi (51,1%), average length of stay 2,20 day, clinical recovery out patient (37,2%), average length of stay stroke non hemoragic 2,36 day and average length of stay with clinical recovery out patient 3,00 day . There was no difference proportion age based type of stroke (p= 0,712), sex based type of stroke (p= 0,677) and risk factor based type stroke (p= 0,299). There was difference proportion onset of attact based type (p= 0,001) and the condition while returning based type stroke (p= 0,001).
RSUD Sidikalang sould improve medical service by equipping the facilities and infrastructure such as CT Scan and need checks periodic risk factor of stroke, especially hypertension (51,1%) so that not continue stroke. Medical record for completing data patient in card status especially the education, employment, the paralyzed side of the body, risk factor and onset of the attack.
Keywords: Stroke, the characteristic of patiens
