ABSTRAK
Kandidiasis oral adalah infeksi oportunistik umum pada rongga mulut yang disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan yang berlebihan dari spesies Candida. Frekuensi infeksi oral oleh spesies Candida meningkat karena adanya faktor risiko lokal dan faktor risiko sistemik. Insidensi kandidiasis oral sangat bervariasi dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik penderita.
Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita Kandidiasis Oral di RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan pada tahun 2012. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus cross sectional. Data pasien kandidiasis oral dikumpulkan dari bagian rekam medis di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan pada tahun 2012
Pada penelitian ini terdapat 119 pasien yang didiagnosis dengan kandidiasis oral yang dirawat inap serta rawat jalandi RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan.Pasien kandidiasis oral lebih banyak pada kelompok umur antara 15-49 tahun yaitu sebanyak 92,4%.Proporsi jenis kelamin yang terbanyak adalah lelaki (68.1%).Tingkat pendidikan terakhir pasien yang terbanyak menderita kandidiasis oral adalah tingkat SMA sebanyak 76 orang (63.9%). Faktor risiko terbanyak yang terdapat pada pasien kandidiasis oral adalah faktor lokal dan sistemik yaitu sebanyak 52.1%. Faktor lokal terbanyak adalah merokok 51.3% dan faktor sistemik terbanyak adalah HIV/AIDS (80.7%)
ABSTRACT
Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection of the oral cavity
caused by overgrowth of Candida species . Incidence of oral infection by Candida
species has increased due to both local and systemic risk factors. The incidence of
oral candidiasis differs greatly with the influence of characteristics of patients.
The objective of this study was to describe characteristics of patients with
oral candidiasis at Haji Adam Malik Medan General Hospital in the year 2012.
This is a descriptive research with a cross sectional approach. The data of oral
candidiasis patients was obtained from medical record division in Haji Adam
Malik General Hospital in the year 2012.
In this study, there were 119 patients diagnosed with oral candidiasis at
Haji Adam Malik General Hospital regardless of type of treatment received.
There were more patients with oral candidiasis in the age group between 30-39
year old with as much as 37.8%. Highest proportion of sexes is male (68.1%). The
education level with most number of patients was high school level with as much
as 76 patients (63.9%). Most patients with oral candidiasis have both local and
systemic factors with as much as 52.1 %. Local factor that was found the most
among patients was smoking (51.3%) meanwhile the systemic factor the most
among patients was HIV/AIDS (80.7%).
Conclusion: In this study it was found that oral candidiasis patients were mostly
in the age group between 15-49 year old with male patients being more affected
and most of patients education level being high school level. Smoking and
HIV/AIDS being the most predisposing local and systemic factors respectively in
the incidence of oral candidiasis.
