JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA __________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN AKADEMIK
PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN AKADEMIK SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2014 SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2014
CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY
MODUL KUMPULAN CEMERLANG MODUL KUMPULAN CEMERLANG
Modul soalan ini mengandungi 33 halaman bercetak Modul soalan ini mengandungi 33 halaman bercetak
MODULE 1 MODULE 1
SECTION A SECTION A 1
1 Figure 1 shows the graph tempFigure 1 shows the graph temperature against time of solid substanerature against time of solid substance X when heated. ce X when heated. SubstanceSubstance X is an organic compound and flammable.
X is an organic compound and flammable. Rajah 1
Rajah 1 menunjukkan graf suhu menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi melawan masa bagi suatu bahan suatu bahan pepejal X apabila pepejal X apabila dipanaskan.dipanaskan. Bahan X ialah se
Bahan X ialah sebatian organic dan batian organic dan mudah terbakamudah terbakar.r.
GRAPH 1 GRAPH 1 (a)
(a) Draw a diagram of the set-up of Draw a diagram of the set-up of the apparatus used to determine the melting point of the apparatus used to determine the melting point of substance X.substance X. Lukiskan rajah
Lukiskan rajah susunan radas susunan radas yang digunakan uyang digunakan untuk menentuntuk menentukan takat lebur bakan takat lebur bahan X.han X.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (b)
(b) (i) (i) State State the the melting melting point point of of substance substance XX Nyatakan takat le
Nyatakan takat lebur bahan Xbur bahan X ... ...……….………. [ 1 [ 1mark mark ]] Temperature / Temperature / 00CC Time/s Time/s 80 80 30 30 360360 P P Q Q RR S S
(ii)
(ii) What What is is the the state state of mof matter atter of sof substance ubstance X X at at :: Apakah ke
Apakah keadaan jirim bahan X adaan jirim bahan X pada:pada: PQ PQ : : ... RS : RS : ... [ 2 [ 2marksmarks]] (iii)
(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from Q to R?Explain why the temperature remains constant from Q to R? Terangkan mengapa suhu kekal tetap dari Q dan R
Terangkan mengapa suhu kekal tetap dari Q dan R ?? ... ... ... ... [ 2 [ 2marksmarks]] (iv)
(iv) State how the movement of substance X particles changes between R and SState how the movement of substance X particles changes between R and S during heating.
during heating. Nyatakan bagaima
Nyatakan bagaimana pergerakna pergerakan zarah bahan X an zarah bahan X berubah antara berubah antara R dan S semR dan S semasaasa pemanasan. pemanasan. ……….. ……….. [ 1 [ 1mark mark ]] (c)
(c) If substance X cooled to the If substance X cooled to the room temperature without stirring, draw the graph of room temperature without stirring, draw the graph of temperaturetemperature against time obtained.
against time obtained. Jika bahan
Jika bahan X disejukkan X disejukkan pada suhu pada suhu bilik tanpa bilik tanpa memgacaunmemgacaunya, lukiskan ya, lukiskan graf suhu graf suhu melawan masamelawan masa yang diperole
yang diperolehi.hi.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (d)
(d) Predict Predict the the substance substance XX Ramalkan ba
Ramalkan bahan Xhan X ...
... [ 1
2
2 Lactic acid is an acid produced in milk by bacteria, causes a sour taste. Lactic acid is an acid produced in milk by bacteria, causes a sour taste. Table 2 shows theTable 2 shows the percentage
percentage composition by mcomposition by mass of each eass of each element in laclement in lactic acid.tic acid. Asid laktik ialah as
Asid laktik ialah asid yang dihasilkan daid yang dihasilkan dalam susu oleh balam susu oleh bacteria, menycteria, menyebabkan rasebabkan rasa masam.a masam. Jadual 2 menunjuk
Jadual 2 menunjukkan peratus kkan peratus komposisi mengikomposisi mengikut jisim bagi setiap unsut jisim bagi setiap unsur dalam asid lakur dalam asid laktik.tik. Element Element Unsur Unsur Percentage Percentage Peratus Peratus Carbon 40.00 Carbon 40.00 Hydrogen 6.67 Hydrogen 6.67 Oxygen 53.33 Oxygen 53.33 TABLE 2 TABLE 2 (a)
(a) Based on the information above, calculate the empirical formula of lactic acid.Based on the information above, calculate the empirical formula of lactic acid. Berdasarkan
Berdasarkan maklumat di atasmaklumat di atas, tentukan formula , tentukan formula empirik asid lakempirik asid laktik.tik. [[ Relative atom Relative atomic massic mass : : H H = = 1 ; 1 ; C C = = 12 12 ; ; O O = 1= 16 6 ]]
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]] (b)
(b) Relative moleculaRelative molecular mass of lactic acid is 90. r mass of lactic acid is 90. Determine the molecDetermine the molecular formula of lactic acid.ular formula of lactic acid. Jisim moleku
Jisim molekul relatif bagi asid lakl relatif bagi asid laktik ialah 90. Tentukatik ialah 90. Tentukan formula molekun formula molekul bagi asid laktik.l bagi asid laktik.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (c)
(c) Calculate the Calculate the number onumber of f hydrogen atohydrogen atom m in 1 mol of in 1 mol of lactic aclactic acid?id? Hitungkan bilangan a
Hitungkan bilangan atom hidrogen dalam tom hidrogen dalam 1 mol asid laktik ?1 mol asid laktik ? [ N
[ NAA = 6.02 × 10 = 6.02 × 10 2323]]
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (d)
(d) Calculate the number Calculate the number of of moles of moles of 4.5 g 4.5 g lactic acid.lactic acid. Hitungkan bilangan m
Hitungkan bilangan mol dalam 4.5 g asid laol dalam 4.5 g asid laktikktik [[ Relative atom Relative atomic massic mass : : H H = = 1 ; 1 ; C C = = 12 12 ; ; O O = = 16 16 ]]
[ 1
(e)
(e) Vinegar or ethanoic acid has a similar empirical formula with lactic acid.Vinegar or ethanoic acid has a similar empirical formula with lactic acid. Cuka atau asid ethanoik mempunyai formula empirik yang sama dengan asid Cuka atau asid ethanoik mempunyai formula empirik yang sama dengan asid laktiklaktik (i)
(i) Given thatGiven thatthreethree molecules of ethanoic acid have the same mass as molecules of ethanoic acid have the same mass as twotwo molecules of lactic molecules of lactic acid. What is the relative molecular mass of ethanoic acid?
acid. What is the relative molecular mass of ethanoic acid? Diberi tiga molek
Diberi tiga molekul asid ethanoik mul asid ethanoik mempunyai jisim yempunyai jisim yang sama dengang sama dengan dua molekan dua molekul asidul asid laktik. Apakah jisim molekul relatif asid ethanoik.
laktik. Apakah jisim molekul relatif asid ethanoik.
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (ii)
(ii) Determine the molecular formula of ethanoic acid.Determine the molecular formula of ethanoic acid. Tentukan formula molekul asid ethanoik.
Tentukan formula molekul asid ethanoik.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] 3
3 Table 3 shows formula of four Table 3 shows formula of four ions.ions. Jadual 3 menunjuk
Jadual 3 menunjukkan formula bagi emkan formula bagi empat ion.pat ion. Name of ions Name of ions Nama ion Nama ion Silver ion Silver ion Ion argentum Ion argentum Zinc ion Zinc ion Ion zink Ion zink Nitrate ion Nitrate ion Ion nitrat Ion nitrat Chloride ion Chloride ion Ion klorida Ion klorida Formula of ions Formula of ions Formula ion Formula ion
Ag
Ag
+ +Zn
Zn
2+2+NO
NO3
3--Cl
Cl
--TABLE 3 TABLE 3 (a)(a) Write the formulae for each compound below :Write the formulae for each compound below : Tuliskan formula bagi setiap sebatian di
Tuliskan formula bagi setiap sebatian di bawah:bawah: (i)
(i) Silver nitrate /Silver nitrate / Argentum ni Argentum nitrat trat : : ... (ii)
(ii) Zinc chloride /Zinc chloride / Zink klorida Zink klorida : : ... (iii)
(iii) Silver Silver chloride chloride / / argentumargentums s klorida klorida : : ... (iv)
(iv) Zinc Zinc nitrate nitrate / / Zink Zink nitrat nitrat : : ... [2
[2marksmarks]] (b)
(b) When silver nitrate solution is added to When silver nitrate solution is added to zinc chloride solution, white precipitate, silver chloridezinc chloride solution, white precipitate, silver chloride and zinc nitrate solution are formed.
and zinc nitrate solution are formed. Apabila larutan arg
Apabila larutan argentum nitrat ditambah kentum nitrat ditambah kepada larutan zink epada larutan zink klorida, pepejal pklorida, pepejal putih, argentumutih, argentum klorida dan larutan zink nitrat
klorida dan larutan zink nitrat terbentuk.terbentuk. (i)
(i) Identify Identify the the reactants reactants and and products products of of the the reaction.reaction. Kenal pasti bahan tinda
Kenal pasti bahan tindak balas dan hasik balas dan hasil tindak balas dalam tindal tindak balas dalam tindak balas ini.k balas ini. Reactants/
Reactants/ Bahan tindak ba Bahan tindak balaslas: : ... Products /
Products / Hasil tindak balas Hasil tindak balas : : ... [2
(ii)
(ii) Write the Write the chemical chemical equation equation for the for the reaction oreaction occurs in ccurs in (b).(b). Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di (b)(b)
...
... [1
[1mark mark ]]
(c)
(c) The following equation shows the decomposition of silver nitrate by heat.The following equation shows the decomposition of silver nitrate by heat. Persamaan
Persamaan kimia berikut mkimia berikut menunjukkan peenunjukkan penguraian argenguraian argentum nitrat oleh haba.ntum nitrat oleh haba.
2AgNO
2AgNO3
32Ag
2Ag +
+ 2NO
2NO2
2+
+ O
O2
2 IfIf 85.0 g of silver nitrate is heated com85.0 g of silver nitrate is heated completely, calculapletely, calculate :te : Jika 85.0 g argen
Jika 85.0 g argentum nitrat dipanaskan tum nitrat dipanaskan lengkap, hitungklengkap, hitungkan :an : (i)
(i) the mass of silver formed.the mass of silver formed. jisim argentums
jisim argentums yang terbentukyang terbentuk..
[[ Relative atom Relative atomic massic mass : : N N =14; =14; O O = = 16; 16; Ag Ag =108 =108 ]]
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]]
(ii)
(ii) the volume of oxygen gas formed at the volume of oxygen gas formed at room conditions.room conditions. isipadu oksigen yang terbentuk pada keadaan
isipadu oksigen yang terbentuk pada keadaan bilik.bilik. [[ Molar volume Molar volume:: 24 dm24 dm33at room conditions]]at room conditions
[ 2
SECTION B SECTION B 4
4 (a) (a) Matter Matter is is made made up up of of tiny tiny and and discrete discrete particles.particles. Jirim terdiri da
Jirim terdiri daripada zarah yaripada zarah yang halus dan diskrng halus dan diskrit.it. (i)
(i) What is meant byWhat is meant bymatter matter ?? Apakah yang d
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dimaksudkan dengan jirim ?engan jirim ?
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (ii)
(ii) State three types of particle that made up State three types of particle that made up matter.matter. Nyatakan tiga jen
Nyatakan tiga jenis zarah yang mis zarah yang membina jirim.embina jirim.
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]] (b)
(b)
Based on the above situation, explain what happen refering to
Based on the above situation, explain what happen refering to the kinetic theory of matter.the kinetic theory of matter. Berdasarkan
Berdasarkan situasi di atas, terasituasi di atas, terangkan apa yang bngkan apa yang berlaku berdaerlaku berdasarkan teori ksarkan teori kinetic jirim.inetic jirim. [ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (c)
(c) (i) (i) Describe the Describe the experiment experiment to determine thto determine the freezing poe freezing point or the melting poinint or the melting point of naphthalenet of naphthalene Huraikan eksp
Huraikan eksperimen bagi merimen bagi menentukan takaenentukan takat beku atau takat beku atau takat lebur bagi naftalenat lebur bagi naftalena.. (ii)
(ii) Draw a labelled diagDraw a labelled diagram of the experimram of the experiment.ent. Lukiskan gamb
Lukiskan gambarajah berlabearajah berlabel bagi eksperl bagi eksperimen itu.imen itu.
[ 14
[ 14 marksmarks]] 5
5 (a) What (a) What is is meant meant by by thetheempirical formulaempirical formula ? ? Apakah yan
Apakah yang dimaksudkag dimaksudkan dengan formula en dengan formula empirik ?mpirik ?
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (b)
(b)
The colour of oxide M is greenThe colour of oxide M is green Warna oksida M ialah hijau Warna oksida M ialah hijau
Metal M is greyMetal M is grey Logam M berwar
Logam M berwarna kelabuna kelabu
Oxide M can be reduced to metal M Oxide M can be reduced to metal M when heated with hydrogenwhen heated with hydrogen Oksida M boleh diturunkan kepada logam M
Oksida M boleh diturunkan kepada logam M apabila dipanaskanapabila dipanaskan dengan hidrogen
dengan hidrogen (i)
(i) Draw the labelled diagram of Draw the labelled diagram of the experiment.the experiment. Lukiskan gam
Lukiskan gambarajah berlabebarajah berlabel bagi ekperl bagi ekperimen ini.imen ini. (ii)
(ii) Describe the experiment conducted to determine the empirical formula of Describe the experiment conducted to determine the empirical formula of oxide M.oxide M.
State the observation and precuationary steps taken in your experiment. Also show all the State the observation and precuationary steps taken in your experiment. Also show all the calculation steps to get the empirical formula.
calculation steps to get the empirical formula. Huraikan satu e
Huraikan satu ekperimekperimen bagi menentukan bagi menentukan formula empirn formula empirik oksida M.ik oksida M. Nyatakan pem
Nyatakan pemerhatian dan langkerhatian dan langkah berjaga-jaga yah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil.ang perlu diambil.
Tunjukkan juga langkah-langkah pengiraan bagi mendapatkan formula empirik Tunjukkan juga langkah-langkah pengiraan bagi mendapatkan formula empirik tersebut.
tersebut.
You are shopping at the 2
You are shopping at the 2nn floor of thfloor of the shopping e shopping mall.mall.
Suddenly you smell the delicious aroma of cookies being bake. Suddenly you smell the delicious aroma of cookies being bake. When you look down, there is
When you look down, there is the Famous Amos Cookies stallthe Famous Amos Cookies stall on the first floor.
on the first floor. Anda membe
Anda membeli belah di tingkat duli belah di tingkat dua bangunan pusat ma bangunan pusat membeliembeli belah. Tiba-tiba anda terhidu aroma yang lazat
belah. Tiba-tiba anda terhidu aroma yang lazat biskut yangbiskut yang sedang dibakar. A
sedang dibakar. Apabila anda menolepabila anda menoleh ke bawah, terh ke bawah, terdapatdapat k
(iii)
(iii) Write the chemical equation of the reaction.Write the chemical equation of the reaction. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu. [[ Relative a Relative atomic masstomic mass:: O = O = 16 ; 16 ; metal M metal M = 24 ]= 24 ]
[ 16
[ 16 marksmarks]] (c)
(c) The emThe empirical formpirical formula of oula of oxide M xide M cannot bcannot be determe determine by hine by heating eating oxide M oxide M with mwith magnesium.agnesium. Explain why?
Explain why? Formula
Formula empirik bagi oksida M tidak dapat empirik bagi oksida M tidak dapat ditentukan dengan cara memanaskan oksida Mditentukan dengan cara memanaskan oksida M dengan magnesium. Terangkan mengapa ?
dengan magnesium. Terangkan mengapa ?
[ 3
MODULE 2 MODULE 2
SECTION A SECTION A 1.
1. Table 1 shows three elemeTable 1 shows three elements , M, N and nts , M, N and Q Q and their proton number and nucleon numbeand their proton number and nucleon numberr respectively.
respectively.
Jadual 1 menunjuk
Jadual 1 menunjukkan tiga unsur, kan tiga unsur, M, N dan Q dan nomM, N dan Q dan nombor proton serta nombor proton serta nombor nukleonbor nukleon masing-masing.
masing-masing.
Table 1 Table 1 (a)
(a) State the nucleon number of Q if the number of neutron is 20.State the nucleon number of Q if the number of neutron is 20. Nyatakan nom
Nyatakan nombor nukleon bagbor nukleon bagi Q jika bilangan neui Q jika bilangan neutron ialah 20.tron ialah 20.
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (b)
(b) (i) (i) What What is is the the number number of of electron electron in in an an atom atom M?M? Apakah bilangan e
Apakah bilangan elektron bagi atom lektron bagi atom M?M?
....……….. ....………..
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (ii)
(ii) Write the elecWrite the electron arrangetron arrangement for ment for atom N.atom N. Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom N Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom N
……….. ………..
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (iii)
(iii) State the group of State the group of the above elements in periodic table ?the above elements in periodic table ? Nyatakan kum
Nyatakan kumpulan bagi unsur-unpulan bagi unsur-unsur di atas dalam jaduasur di atas dalam jadual berkala ?l berkala ? ………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (c
(c ) ) State State two physical two physical properties properties of of the the elements elements above.above. Nyatakan du
Nyatakan dua sifat fizik bagi unsurea sifat fizik bagi unsure-unsur di atas.-unsur di atas.
………. ………. ………. ………. [ 2 [ 2marksmarks ] ] (d)
(d) In an experimeIn an experiment , an element M was burnt annt , an element M was burnt and put d put into a gas jar of chlorine gas. Theinto a gas jar of chlorine gas. The experiment
experiment was was repeated by repeated by using an using an element N.element N. Dalam satu ek
Dalam satu eksperimen, unsperimen, unsur M dibakar dasur M dibakar dan diletakkan kn diletakkan ke dalam balang gas e dalam balang gas yang berisyang berisii gas klorin. Ek
gas klorin. Eksperimen diusperimen diulangi menggunakan ulangi menggunakan unsur N.nsur N. (i)
(i) Write Write the the equation equation for for the the reaction reaction between element between element M M and and chlorine chlorine gas.gas. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas unsur M
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas unsur M dan gas klorin.dan gas klorin. ……….. ……….. [ 1 [ 1mark mark ] ] Element Element Unsur Unsur Proton number Proton number Nombor proton Nombor proton Nucleon number Nucleon number Nombor nukl Nombor nukl eeonon M M 3 3 77 N N 11 11 2323 Q Q 19 19
--(ii)
(ii) Compare Compare the the reactivity reactivity of of reaction reaction between between element element M M and and elemenelement t N N withwith chlorine gas. Explain your answer.
chlorine gas. Explain your answer. Bandingkan k
Bandingkan kereaktifan tindaereaktifan tindak balas antara unsuk balas antara unsur M dan unsur N dr M dan unsur N denganengan klorin. Terangkan jawapan anda.
klorin. Terangkan jawapan anda.
……… ……… ……….……… ……….……… [ 3 [ 3marksmarks]] 2.
2. Figure 2 shows part of Figure 2 shows part of the Periodic Table of Elementsthe Periodic Table of Elements. 1, 2, 3 … 18. 1, 2, 3 … 18 represent proton number. represent proton number.
Rajah 2 menunjuk
Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebahagkan sebahagian daripada Jaduaian daripada Jadual Berkala Unsl Berkala Unsur. 1, 2, 3 … 18 mur. 1, 2, 3 … 18 mewakiliewakili
nombor proton. nombor proton. 1 1 22 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1010 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 1818 Figure 2 Figure 2 (a)
(a) P P and and R R react react to to form form a a compound.compound. P dan Q ber
P dan Q bertindak balas metindak balas membentuk sebambentuk sebatian.tian. .
. (i) Sta(i) State te the the type type of of compound compound formed.formed. Nyatakan jenis
Nyatakan jenis sebatian yang tesebatian yang terbentuk.rbentuk.
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (ii)
(ii) Draw Draw the ethe electron lectron arrangemarrangement for ent for the cthe compound ompound formed.formed. Lukiskan sus
Lukiskan susunan elektron baunan elektron bagi sebatian yang gi sebatian yang terbentuk.terbentuk.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks ] ] (iii)
(iii) Write the chemicWrite the chemical equation al equation for the reaction betwefor the reaction between P and R.en P and R. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara P dan R.P dan R.
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (iv)
(iv) The compound formed can conduct electricity in The compound formed can conduct electricity in aqueous and molten state.aqueous and molten state. Explain why?
Explain why?
Sebatian yang terbentuk boleh
Sebatian yang terbentuk boleh mengkondukmengkonduksikan elektrik dalam keadaan larutansikan elektrik dalam keadaan larutan dan leburan. Terangkan mengapa ?
dan leburan. Terangkan mengapa ?
……… ……… [ 1 [ 1mark mark ] ] P P RR Q Q
(b)
(b) Q and Q and R also R also react to react to form a form a compound.compound. Q dan R j
Q dan R juga bertindak balas membentuk sebatian.uga bertindak balas membentuk sebatian. (i)
(i) State the type of State the type of bond formed.bond formed. Nyatakan jenis
Nyatakan jenis ikatan yang terbikatan yang terbentukentuk
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (ii)
(ii) Write the formula for the Write the formula for the compound formecompound formed.d. Tuliskan formula sebatian yang terbentuk. Tuliskan formula sebatian yang terbentuk.
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (iii)
(iii) Draw the electron arrangement for the Draw the electron arrangement for the compound formed.compound formed. Lukiskan sus
Lukiskan susunan elektron bunan elektron bagi sebatian yang agi sebatian yang terbentuk.terbentuk.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks ] ] (iv)
(iv) State one physical property of the compound.State one physical property of the compound. Nyatakan satu s
Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian ifat fizik bagi sebatian yang terbentukyang terbentuk..
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] 3.
3. Bromine is below Chlorine in The Bromine is below Chlorine in The Periodic Table .Periodic Table . Bromin terle
Bromin terletak di bawah klorin datak di bawah klorin dalam Jadual Belam Jadual Berkala.rkala. (a)
(a) (i) (i) State State the the number number of of valence valence electron electron in in bromine bromine atom?atom? Nyatakan bilangan
Nyatakan bilangan elektron vaelektron valens dalam atom lens dalam atom bromine ?bromine ?
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (ii)
(ii) State which group bromine is belong to.State which group bromine is belong to. Nyatakan kumpu
Nyatakan kumpulan bromin beradlan bromin berada dalam jadual bera dalam jadual berkala.kala.
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (b)
(b) (i) (i) Write Write the the molecular molecular formula formula of of bromine bromine molecule.molecule. Tuliskan formula molekul bagi molekul bromin Tuliskan formula molekul bagi molekul bromin
………. ……….
[ 1
(ii)
(ii) What is the physical staWhat is the physical state of bromine te of bromine at room temperaat room temperature ?ture ?
Apakah kead
Apakah keadaan fizik bromaan fizik bromin pada suhu bilik ?in pada suhu bilik ?
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (c )
(c ) Chlorine reaChlorine react with water to ct with water to form acids.form acids.
Klorin bertindak ba
Klorin bertindak balas dengan air melas dengan air membentuk asid.mbentuk asid.
(i)
(i) Name the a Name the acids formecids formed.d.
Namakan aisd-asid
Namakan aisd-asid yang terbentukyang terbentuk..
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (ii)
(ii) Write the chemWrite the chemical equation ical equation for the reacfor the reaction.tion.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas itu.
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (d)
(d) Write the chemicWrite the chemical equation al equation for the reaction betwefor the reaction between chlorine and iron.en chlorine and iron.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara klorin
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara klorin dan besi.dan besi.
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ] ] (e)
(e) Compare Compare the reacthe reactivity of chlorine tivity of chlorine and bromand bromine. Explain ine. Explain your answeyour answer.r.
Bandingkan ke
Bandingkan kereaktifan klorreaktifan klorin dan bromine. Tein dan bromine. Terangkan jawaparangkan jawapan anda.n anda.
………. ………. ………. ………. ………. ………. ………. ………. [ 5 [ 5marksmarks ] ]
SECTION B SECTION B
4
4 (a) (a) Table 4 Table 4 shows shows three three elements elements and and their their proton proton number number respectivelyrespectively.. Jadual 4 menunj
Jadual 4 menunjukkan tiga unsur dan ukkan tiga unsur dan nombor proton mnombor proton masing-masing.asing-masing.
TABLE 4 TABLE 4 Using the information in the Table 4
Using the information in the Table 4 , explain how, explain how Menggunakan m
Menggunakan maklumat dalam aklumat dalam Jadual 4, terangkJadual 4, terangkan bagaimanaan bagaimana (i)
(i) ionic bond andionic bond and ikatan ion dan ikatan ion dan (ii)
(ii) covalent bondcovalent bond ikatan kovalen ikatan kovalen formed. formed. terbentuk. terbentuk. [13 [13marksmarks]] (b)
(b) Describe an Describe an experimexperiment ent to to differentiate differentiate ionic ionic compound compound and and covalent covalent compound compound in in termsterms of
of electrical electrical conductivity.conductivity. Huraikan satu e
Huraikan satu eksperimen bksperimen bagi membezaagi membezakan sebatian ion dakan sebatian ion dan sebatian kon sebatian kovalen dari segivalen dari segi kekonduksian elektrik.
kekonduksian elektrik.
[7
[7marksmarks]] 5
5 (a) (a) Explain Explain the the following:following: Terangkan yang berikut: Terangkan yang berikut: (i)
(i) The reactivity of group 1 element increases going down the The reactivity of group 1 element increases going down the group.group. Kereaktifan un
Kereaktifan unsure kumpulsure kumpulan 1 meningkat mean 1 meningkat menuruni kumpnuruni kumpulanulan (ii)
(ii) The The electronegaelectronegativity tivity of of elemeelements nts increases increases when when going going acrossacross a period from left to right.
a period from left to right. Keelektr
Keelektronegatifan unsur-unsonegatifan unsur-unsur meningkat apaur meningkat apabila merentasbila merentasi kala dari kirii kala dari kiri ke kanan.
ke kanan.
[9
[9marksmarks]] (b)
(b) Transition elements Transition elements are are elemeelements nts from from Group Group 3 3 to to Group Group 12 12 of of the the Periodic Periodic Table.Table. Unsur peralihan ialah unsur-unsur dari Kumpulan 3 hingga
Unsur peralihan ialah unsur-unsur dari Kumpulan 3 hingga Kumpulan12 jadual Berkala.Kumpulan12 jadual Berkala. (i)
(i) Name Name two transition elemtwo transition element.ent. Namakan dua un
Namakan dua unsur peralihan.sur peralihan. (ii)
(ii) State four special characteristics of transition elements.State four special characteristics of transition elements. Nyatakan empa
Nyatakan empat ciri-ciri istimewa unst ciri-ciri istimewa unsur-unsur peralihur-unsur peralihanan
[6 [6marksmarks]] Element Element Unsur Unsur Proton number Proton number Nombor proton Nombor proton Carbon Carbon Karbon Karbon 6 6 Sodium Sodium Natrium Natrium 11 11 Chlorine Chlorine Klorin Klorin 17 17
(c)
(c) Proton Proton number number of of element element M M is is 19. 19. State State the the group group and and period period of of elemenelement t M M in in PeriodicPeriodic Table. Explain your answer
Table. Explain your answer Nombor proton b
Nombor proton bagi unsure M agi unsure M iala 19. Nyatakan kiala 19. Nyatakan kumpulan dan kaumpulan dan kala bagi unsur M dalamla bagi unsur M dalam Jadual Berk
Jadual Berkala. Terangkan ala. Terangkan jawapan anda.jawapan anda.
[5 [5marksmarks]] SECTION C SECTION C 3 3
Using the suitable
Using the suitable materials and apparatus, plan a labotary experiment to materials and apparatus, plan a labotary experiment to comparecompare the electrical con
the electrical conductivity between the cductivity between the compounds ompounds of X and Y.of X and Y. Your explaination should include all the followings:
Your explaination should include all the followings: Menggunakan bah
Menggunakan bahan dan radas yaan dan radas yang sesuai, rancanng sesuai, rancang suatu ekspeg suatu eksperimen makmarimen makmal bagil bagi membandingkan kekon
membandingkan kekonduksian elektrik antara sebatian X duksian elektrik antara sebatian X dan Y.dan Y. Penerangak
Penerangakan anda perlu man anda perlu merangkumi peerangkumi perkara-perkarkara-perkara berikut :ra berikut : (a)
(a) Statement of the Statement of the problemproblem Pernyataan ma
Pernyataan masaalahsaalah (b)
(b) HypothesisHypothesis Hipotesis Hipotesis (c)
(c) All the variablesAll the variables Semua
Semua pembolehubahpembolehubah (d)
(d) List of List of materiamaterials and ls and apparatusapparatus Senarai bahan dan radas Senarai bahan dan radas (e)
(e) ProcedureProcedure Prosedur Prosedur (f)
(f) Tabulation of dataTabulation of data Penjadualan data Penjadualan data
[ 18
[ 18marksmarks ] ] A student is given
A student is given an ionic compounan ionic compound X and covalent comd X and covalent compound Y.pound Y. Seorang pelajar diberi sebatian ion X
MODULE 3 MODULE 3
SECTION A SECTION A 1
1 Figure 1.1 shows Figure 1.1 shows the set-up of appthe set-up of apparatus to investigaratus to investigate the elecate the electrolysis of molten letrolysis of molten lead(II)ad(II) bromide.
bromide.
Rajah 1.1 menu
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan njukkan susunan radas bagi mengradas bagi mengkaji elektrokaji elektrolisis leburan plumlisis leburan plumbum(II) bromide.bum(II) bromide.
(a)
(a) Based Based on on Figure Figure 1.1, 1.1, identify identify :: Berdasark
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, tentan Rajah 1.1, tentukanukan Anode /
Anode /anodanod : : ……… and cathode /and cathode /dan katod dan katod : : ………...…... [ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (b)
(b) Write Write the the formulae formulae for for the the ions ions present present in in molten molten lead(II) lead(II) bromide.bromide. Tuliskan formula bagi ion-ion yang hadir
Tuliskan formula bagi ion-ion yang hadir dalam plumbum(II) bromidedalam plumbum(II) bromide
……….. ………..
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (c)
(c) State State the the ion ion that that is is attracted attracted to to the the :: Nyatakan ion y
Nyatakan ion yang tertarik kang tertarik ke :e : (i) X (i) X : ……….: ………. (ii) Y (ii) Y : ……….: ………. [ 1 [ 1mark mark ]] (d)
(d) In In Figure Figure 1.2 1.2 below, below, draw draw arrows arrows ((
→
→
) to show the movement of ions in (c). ) to show the movement of ions in (c). Pada Rajah 1.2 dPada Rajah 1.2 di bawah, lukiskan i bawah, lukiskan tandatanda((
→
→ )
)bagi menunjukkan pergerakan ion-ion di bagi menunjukkan pergerakan ion-ion di (c)(c)[ 2 [ 2marksmarks]]
+
+
_ _ Positive ion Positive ion Negative ion Negative ion+
+
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
X X YY FIGURE 1.2 FIGURE 1.2Molten lead(II) bromide Molten lead(II) bromide A A Carbon electrode Carbon electrodeYY Bunsen burner Bunsen burner Crucible Crucible Mangkuk pijar Mangkuk pijar FIGURE 1.1 FIGURE 1.1
Molten lead(II) bromide Molten lead(II) bromide Leburan plumbum
Leburan plumbum(II) bromida(II) bromida Carbon electrode
(e)
(e) Write Write the the half half equations equations of of the the reaction reaction at at electrode electrode ::
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas di elektrod:di elektrod:
(i) X (i) X : ……….: ………. (ii) Y (ii) Y : ……….: ………. [ 2 [ 2marksmarks]] (f)
(f) What What would would you you observe observe at at electrode electrode ::
Apakah yan
Apakah yang diperhatikan dg diperhatikan di elektrod:i elektrod:
(i) X (i) X : ……….: ………. (ii) Y (ii) Y : ……….: ………. [ 2 [ 2marksmarks]] 2
2 Figure 2 shows the set-up of Figure 2 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis of a dilute aqueous sodiumapparatus to investigate the electrolysis of a dilute aqueous sodium chloride solution using carbon electrodes.
chloride solution using carbon electrodes.
Rajah 2 menunjuk
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan rkan susunan radas bagi mengkadas bagi mengkaji elektrolisis laraji elektrolisis larutan natrium klorutan natrium klorida cairida cair menggunakan elektrod karbon.
menggunakan elektrod karbon.
(a)
(a) What What is is meant meant bybycation cation ??
Apakah yang d
Apakah yang dimaksudkan imaksudkan dengan kation?dengan kation?
...
... [1
[1mark mark ]] (b)
(b) What What is is the the energy energy change change that that occurs occurs in in the the electrolysis electrolysis process?process?
Apakah perub
Apakah perubahan tenaga yang ahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam prberlaku dalam proses elekoses elektrolisis?trolisis?
...
... [1
[1mark mark ]] (c) (i) State
(c) (i) State allallthe ions present in the electrolyte.the ions present in the electrolyte.
Nyatakan se
Nyatakan semua ion-ion yang hamua ion-ion yang hadir dalam elekdir dalam elektrolit.trolit.
... ... [2 [2marksmarks]] Electrode ElectrodePP Electrode ElectrodeQQ
Dilute sodium chloride solution Dilute sodium chloride solution
Larutan natrium k
Larutan natrium klorida cairlorida cair A
A FIGURE 2 FIGURE 2
(ii)
(ii) In In the the table table below, below, write write the the formulae formulae of of the the ions ions in in (c) (c) (i) (i) which which moved moved toto electrodes
electrodes P P and and Q.Q.
Dalam jadual di baw
Dalam jadual di bawah, tuliskan formula bagah, tuliskan formula bagi ion-ion di (c)(i) yang bei ion-ion di (c)(i) yang bergerak kergerak ke elektrod P dan Q.
elektrod P dan Q. Electrode
Electrode P P Electrode Electrode QQ
[2
[2marksmarks]] (d)
(d) Name Name the the gas gas collected collected in in the the test test tube tube at at electrodes P electrodes P and and Q.Q.
Namakan gas
Namakan gas yang terkumpul yang terkumpul dalam tabung uji di eledalam tabung uji di elektrod P dan Q.ktrod P dan Q. Electrode
Electrode P P Electrode Electrode QQ
[2
[2marksmarks]] (e)
(e) If aIf aconcentrated concentrated sodium chloride solution is sodium chloride solution is used in the above electrolysis, name the gasused in the above electrolysis, name the gas collected in the test tube
collected in the test tube at electrodeat electrodeQQ. Explain why?. Explain why?
Jika larutan natrium
Jika larutan natrium klorida pekat klorida pekat digunakan dalam elektrolisis di atas, namakan gasdigunakan dalam elektrolisis di atas, namakan gas yang dikumpulkan
yang dikumpulkan di tabung uji pada elekdi tabung uji pada elektrod Q. Teratrod Q. Terangkan jawapan anda ?ngkan jawapan anda ?
... ... ... ... ... ... [2 [2marksmarks]] 3
3 Figure 3 represents a Daniell cell where strips of copper and zinc are used.Figure 3 represents a Daniell cell where strips of copper and zinc are used.
Rajah 3 mewa
Rajah 3 mewakili Sel Daniel di makili Sel Daniel di mana kepingan kna kepingan kuprum dan zink diguprum dan zink digunakan.unakan.
(a)
(a) State State the the metal metal which which acts acts asas
Nyatakan logam
Nyatakan logam yang bertindak syang bertindak sebagaiebagai
positive term
positive terminal : ……… and negative terminal : ………..inal : ……… and negative terminal : ………..
terminal
terminal positif positif dan dan terminal terminal negatifnegatif
[ 1 [ 1mark mark ]] Zinc strip Zinc strip Kepingan zink Kepingan zink Copper strip Copper strip Kepingan kuprum Kepingan kuprum
Zinc sulphate solution Zinc sulphate solution
Larutan zink sul Larutan zink sulfatfat
Copper(II) sulphate solution Copper(II) sulphate solution
Larutan kuprum(
Larutan kuprum(II) sulfatII) sulfat
Porous pot Porous pot Pasu berliang Pasu berliang FIGURE 3 FIGURE 3
(b)
(b) In In Figure Figure 3, 3, draw draw arrows arrows ((
→
→
) to ) to show the the direction of the flow of electrons.show the the direction of the flow of electrons.Dalam Rajah 3, lu
Dalam Rajah 3, lukiskan tandakiskan tanda((
→
→
) ) untuk untuk menunjukkmenunjukkan arah an arah pengaliran elektron.pengaliran elektron.[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]] (c)
(c) What What is is the the energy energy change change that that occurs occurs in in the the cell?cell?
Apakah pe
Apakah perubahan tenaga yrubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalaang berlaku dalam sel?m sel?
...
... [1
[1mark mark ]] (d)
(d) What What is is the the function function of of the the porous porous pot?pot?
Apakah fungsi pa
Apakah fungsi pasu berliang ?su berliang ?
...
... [1
[1mark mark ]] (e)
(e) Write Write the the half half equations equations of of the the reaction reaction take take place place at at ::
Tuliskan setengah persam
Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas aan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di:yang berlaku di:
(i)
(i) positive positive terminal terminal //terminal positifterminal positif : ………: ……… (ii)
(ii) negative negative terminal terminal //terminal negatif terminal negatif : ………: ……… [ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (f)
(f) After 30 After 30 minutes, minutes, what what is is the the colour colour change change of of the the copper(II) copper(II) sulphate sulphate solution?solution? Explain why.
Explain why.
Selepas 30 minit, apakah perubahan warna larutan kumpum(II) sulfat. Selepas 30 minit, apakah perubahan warna larutan kumpum(II) sulfat.
... ... ... ... ... ... [2 [2marksmarks]] (g)
(g) The The voltage voltage of of the the cell cell in in Figure Figure 3 3 is is 1.1 1.1 V. V. If If the the zinc zinc strip strip is is replaced replaced by by magnemagnesiumsium ribbon and dipped in
ribbon and dipped in magnesium sulphamagnesium sulphate solution, predict the voltage of te solution, predict the voltage of the cell formed.the cell formed. Explain why.
Explain why.
Voltan bagi sel dalam Rajah 3 ialah 1.1 V. Jika kepingan zink diganti dengan pita Voltan bagi sel dalam Rajah 3 ialah 1.1 V. Jika kepingan zink diganti dengan pita magnesium dan direndam dalam larutan magnesium sulfat, ramalkan voltan bagi sel magnesium dan direndam dalam larutan magnesium sulfat, ramalkan voltan bagi sel terbentuk. terbentuk. ... ... ... ... ... ... [2 [2marksmarks]]
SECTION B SECTION B
4
4 (a) (a) (i) (i) StateState twotwo factors that influence the selective discharge of ions during factors that influence the selective discharge of ions during the electrolysis of anthe electrolysis of an aqueous solution.
aqueous solution.
Nyatakan
Nyatakanduadua faktor yang mem faktor yang mempengaruhi pempengaruhi pemilihan discas ion-ion bagi eilihan discas ion-ion bagi elektrolisis larulektrolisis larutantan akueus.
akueus.
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (ii)
(ii) By By usingusingoneone of the factors that you state in of the factors that you state in (a) (i), describe a laboratory exper(a) (i), describe a laboratory experiment toiment to show the effect of the factor.
show the effect of the factor.
Your answer should consist of the following Your answer should consist of the following ::
Dengan men
Dengan menggunakanggunakansatusatu faktor yang faktor yang dinyatakan di (a)dinyatakan di (a)(i), huraikan suatu ek(i), huraikan suatu eksperimensperimen makmal bagi mengkaji kesan satu faktor tersebut.
makmal bagi mengkaji kesan satu faktor tersebut. Jawapan anda pe
Jawapan anda perlu mengandungrlu mengandungi perkara beri perkara berikut.ikut.
Chemical requiredChemical required
Bahan kimia yang
Bahan kimia yang diperlukandiperlukan
Procedures of the experimentProcedures of the experiment
Prosedur ek
Prosedur eksperimensperimen
Diagram showing the set-up of Diagram showing the set-up of apparatusapparatus
Gambarajah susunan radas Gambarajah susunan radas
Half equation involved in the Half equation involved in the reaction at each electrodesreaction at each electrodes
Setengah persamaan yang melibatkan tindak balas
Setengah persamaan yang melibatkan tindak balas di elektroddi elektrod
Result / ObservationResult / Observation
Keputusan/Peme
Keputusan/Pemermatianrmatian
[ 13
[ 13 marksmarks]] (b)
(b) Table 4 shows the result obtained from a Table 4 shows the result obtained from a series of experiments to arrange zinc, copper andseries of experiments to arrange zinc, copper and magnesium in Electrochemical Series.
magnesium in Electrochemical Series.
Jadual 4 menunjuk
Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusakan keputusan bagi satu siri ekn bagi satu siri eksperimen untuk sperimen untuk menyusun zmenyusun zink, kuprum danink, kuprum dan magnesium dalam Siri Elektrokimia
magnesium dalam Siri Elektrokimia Experiment Experiment Eksperimen Eksperimen Procedure Procedure Prosedur Prosedur Observations Observations Pemerhatian Pemerhatian II
Zinc metal is added to copper(II) Zinc metal is added to copper(II) sulphate solution
sulphate solution
Logam zink ditamb
Logam zink ditambah ke dalamah ke dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Brown solids are
Brown solids are deposited. Thedeposited. The intensity of the blue colour of the intensity of the blue colour of the solution
solution decreasedecreases.s.
Pepejal perang
Pepejal perang terenap. Keterenap. Keamatanamatan warna biru larutan berkurang warna biru larutan berkurang
II II
Zinc metal is added to magnesium Zinc metal is added to magnesium sulphate solution
sulphate solution
Logam zink ditamb
Logam zink ditambah ke dalamah ke dalam larutan magnesium sulfat. larutan magnesium sulfat.
No change No change Tiada perubahan Tiada perubahan III III
Magnesium metal is added to Magnesium metal is added to copper(II) sulphate solution copper(II) sulphate solution
Logam magnes
Logam magnesium ditambah keium ditambah ke dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Brown solids are
Brown solids are deposited. Thedeposited. The intensity of the blue colour of the intensity of the blue colour of the solution
solution decreasedecreases.s.
Pepejal perang
Pepejal perang terenap. Keterenap. Keamatanamatan warna biru larutan berkurang. warna biru larutan berkurang.
TABLE 4 TABLE 4 (i)
(i) Explain tExplain these hese observations observations of Expeof Experiment I riment I and II.and II.
Terangkan pemerhatian bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II Terangkan pemerhatian bagi Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II
[ 4
(ii)
(ii) Based on tBased on the result obtainhe result obtained in Table 4, ed in Table 4, arrange the marrange the metal zinc, coppetal zinc, copper and mer and magnesium inagnesium in descending order of
descending order of the Electrochemical Series.the Electrochemical Series. Berdasark
Berdasarkan keputusan yan keputusan yang diperolehi ang diperolehi dalam Jadual 4, sudalam Jadual 4, susun logam zink, ksun logam zink, kuprum danuprum dan magnesium berdasarkan susunan menurun dalam
magnesium berdasarkan susunan menurun dalam Siri ElektrokimiaSiri Elektrokimia
[ 1
[ 1mark mark ]]
5
5 (a) (a) (i) (i) What What is is meant meant by by thetheElEl eectrochemical Sectrochemical Serries ies ?? Apakah yan
Apakah yang dimaksudkan g dimaksudkan dengandenganSSirir i i ElektElektrokimia rokimia ??
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (ii) State
(ii) Statethreethree uses of the Electrochemical Series. uses of the Electrochemical Series. Nyatakan
Nyatakantiga tiga kegunaan Siri kegunaan Siri ElektrokimiaElektrokimia
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]] (b)
(b) Table 5.1 shows the result obtained from a Table 5.1 shows the result obtained from a series of experiments to arrange metal T, U, V series of experiments to arrange metal T, U, V and Wand W in
in ElectrocheElectrochemical Series.mical Series. Jadual 5.1 menu
Jadual 5.1 menunjukkan kenjukkan keputusan yang diperoputusan yang diperolehi daripada bebelehi daripada beberapa eksperapa eksperimen untukrimen untuk menyusun logam T, U, V dan
menyusun logam T, U, V dan W dalam Siri W dalam Siri ElektrokElektrokimia.imia.
Experiment Experiment Eksperimen Eksperimen Metal pair Metal pair Pas
Pasangan angan llogamogam
Voltage (V) Voltage (V) Voltan(V) Voltan(V) Positive terminal Positive terminal Te
Termirmi nal posnal positiiti ff I
I T T and and U U 1.6 1.6 TT II
II U U and and W W 2.0 2.0 WW III
III V V and and W W 0.8 0.8 VV TABLE 5.1
TABLE 5.1 (i)
(i) Draw a diagram to show the set-up of apparatus of Experiment I .Draw a diagram to show the set-up of apparatus of Experiment I . Lukiskan gamb
Lukiskan gambarajah susunan radarajah susunan radas bagi Ekspeas bagi Eksperimen I rimen I
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (ii)
(ii) Explain Explain how you how you can arrancan arrange the ordege the order of ther of these metase metals in the Els in the Electrochemlectrochemical Series.ical Series. Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh menyusun logam-logam tersebut dalam
Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh menyusun logam-logam tersebut dalam Siri ElektrokimiaSiri Elektrokimia [ 6
[ 6marksmarks]] (c)
(c) Figure 5.2 shows two types of Figure 5.2 shows two types of cell.cell. Rajah 5.2 menun
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua jenis jukkan dua jenis selsel ..
Compare and contrast cell X and cell Y.
Compare and contrast cell X and cell Y. Your answer should include the observations andYour answer should include the observations and half equations for the reactions at t
half equations for the reactions at the electrodes in both cells.he electrodes in both cells. Banding dan bez
Banding dan bezakan sel X dakan sel X dan sel Y. Jawapan an sel Y. Jawapan anda perlu meanda perlu merangkumi pemrangkumi pemerhatian anderhatian and setengah per
setengah persamaan bagi tindak samaan bagi tindak balas di elektrobalas di elektrod-elektod kedud-elektod kedua-dua sel.a-dua sel.
[
[ 88marksmarks]] Silver plate
Silver plate Kepingan argen Kepingan argentumtum
Silver nitrate Silver nitrate solution solution Larutan argentum Larutan argentum nitrat nitrat P P QQ R R SS FIGURE 5.2 FIGURE 5.2 Silver plate Silver plate Kepingan arge Kepingan argentumntum
Cell X Cell X Magnesium Magnesium ribbon ribbon Pita Pita magnesium magnesium Cell Y Cell Y
MODUL 4 MODUL 4
SECTION A SECTION A
1
1. . Diagram Diagram 1 shows the prepa1 shows the preparation of standard ration of standard solution of solution of potassium hydroxidepotassium hydroxide, 0.1 mol dm, 0.1 mol dm-3-3..
Rajah 1 menunjuk
Rajah 1 menunjukkan penyekan penyediaan larutan piawai badiaan larutan piawai bagi kalium hidroksgi kalium hidroksida, 0.1 mol dmida, 0.1 mol dm-3-3
(a)
(a) What is meant by the What is meant by the standard solution ?standard solution ?
Apakah yang d
Apakah yang dimaksudkan deimaksudkan dengan larutan piawai ?ngan larutan piawai ?
……….……… ……….………
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (b)
(b) Calculate the mass of potassium hydroxide, KOH needed to make Calculate the mass of potassium hydroxide, KOH needed to make 250 cm250 cm33 solution with solution with concentration 0.1 mol dm
concentration 0.1 mol dm-3-3 . [ . [ Relative atomic maRelative atomic mass: K, 39; O,16; H, 1]ss: K, 39; O,16; H, 1]
Hitungkan jisim ka
Hitungkan jisim kalium hidroksida, Klium hidroksida, KOH yang diperOH yang diperlukan bagi menlukan bagi menyediakan 250 cmyediakan 250 cm33 larutan larutan kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm
kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3-3
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] Diagram 1
(c)
(c) After all the potassium hAfter all the potassium hydroxide is poured into the volumydroxide is poured into the volumetric flask, the beaker metric flask, the beaker must beust be rinsed several times with distilled water. After each rinse, all
rinsed several times with distilled water. After each rinse, all the water is tranferred into thethe water is tranferred into the volumetric flask.
volumetric flask.
Give one reason for doing thi Give one reason for doing this?s?
Setelah semua kalium hidroksida dituang ke dalam kelalang isipadu, bikar perlu dibilas Setelah semua kalium hidroksida dituang ke dalam kelalang isipadu, bikar perlu dibilas
beberapa kali dengan air suling. Setiap kali
beberapa kali dengan air suling. Setiap kali bilasan, semua air bilasan perlu bilasan, semua air bilasan perlu dipindahkan kedipindahkan ke kelalang isipadu.
kelalang isipadu. Berikan sa
Berikan satu sebab langkah tu sebab langkah ini dilakukan?ini dilakukan?
…………..……… …………..………
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (d)
(d) Why is the distilled wWhy is the distilled water is addeater is added drop by drop?d drop by drop? Mengapakah air s
Mengapakah air suling ditambah setitik uling ditambah setitik demi setitik?demi setitik?
……….. ………..
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (e)
(e) What step should be takeWhat step should be taken to make sure that the mn to make sure that the meniscus level of the standaeniscus level of the standard solution isrd solution is exactly in line with
exactly in line with the graduation mark on the volumetric flask?the graduation mark on the volumetric flask? Apakah langk
Apakah langkah yang perlu diah yang perlu diambil bagi memaambil bagi memastikan aras miniskstikan aras miniskus bagi larutan piawaus bagi larutan piawaii adalah setara
adalah setara dengan tanda sengdengan tanda sengatan atan pada kelalang ispada kelalang isipadu?ipadu?
……… ………
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (f)
(f) A volumetric flask is mA volumetric flask is more suitable to be used in the preparore suitable to be used in the preparation of the standard solutionation of the standard solution rather than a
rather than a beaker. Why?beaker. Why? Kelalang isipadu adala
Kelalang isipadu adalah lebih sesuai digunah lebih sesuai digunakan dalam penykan dalam penyediaan larutan piawediaan larutan piawaiai berbanding bikar. Mengapa ?
berbanding bikar. Mengapa ?
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (g)
(g) Why do you need to shake the soWhy do you need to shake the solution after all the water halution after all the water had been added?d been added? Mengapa anda pe
Mengapa anda perlu mengoncarlu mengoncang larutan setelah ng larutan setelah semua air ditambasemua air ditambahkan?hkan?
……….. ………..
[ 1
2.
2. Diagram Diagram 5 shows 5 shows ExperimeExperiment I ant I and II nd II in the prein the preparation of paration of salt.salt. Rajah 5 menu
Rajah 5 menunjukkan Eksnjukkan Eksperimen I dan perimen I dan II bagi penyedII bagi penyediaan garam.iaan garam. Experiment Experiment Eksperimen Eksperimen Method Method Kaedah Kaedah II II II (a)
(a) State one obseState one observation in Expervation in Experiment I at the enriment I at the end point.d point. Nyatakan satu pe
Nyatakan satu pemerhatian dalam merhatian dalam EksperimeEksperimen I pada takat akn I pada takat akhir.hir.
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (b)
(b) Based on EBased on Experiment Ixperiment II :I : Berdasark
Berdasarkan eksperiman eksperimen II,en II, (i)
(i) State State one one observation.observation. Nyatakan satu p
Nyatakan satu pemerhatianemerhatian
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (ii)
(ii) State the reasState the reason why coppeon why copper(II) carbonar(II) carbonate are addete are added d in excess.in excess. Nyatakan satu se
Nyatakan satu sebab mengapa kbab mengapa kuprum(II) karbuprum(II) karbonat ditambahkan beronat ditambahkan berlebihan.lebihan.
……….. ………..
[ 1
[ 1markmark]]
50.0 c
50.0 cm m of 0.of 0.1 mol d1 mol dmm-- sulphuric sulphuric acid
acid
50.0 cm
50.0 cm33 larutan asid sulfurik larutan asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm
0.1 mol dm-3-3
10.0 cm
10.0 cm33 of 0.1 mol dm of 0.1 mol dm-3-3 sulphuric acid
sulphuric acid
10.0 cm
10.0 cm33 larutan asid sulfurik larutan asid sulfurik 0.1 mol dm
0.1 mol dm-3-3
20.0 cm
20.0 cm33 of 0.1 mol dm of 0.1 mol dm-3-3 sodium sodium hydroxide + phenolphthalein hydroxide + phenolphthalein
20.0 cm
20.0 cm33 larutan natrium larutan natrium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3-3++ phenolftalin
(ii)
(ii) Explain how the excess coppeExplain how the excess copper(II) carbonate can be separ(II) carbonate can be separated from the products.rated from the products.
Terangkan bagaimana kuprum(II) karbonat yang berlebihan dapat diasingkan daripada Terangkan bagaimana kuprum(II) karbonat yang berlebihan dapat diasingkan daripada hasilhasil tindak balas. tindak balas. ……….. ……….. [ 1 [ 1markmark]] (iv) Write the chemical equation for the
(iv) Write the chemical equation for the reaction taking place.reaction taking place. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlakau. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlakau.
……….. ………..
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (v)
(v) Calculate the mCalculate the maximum maximum mass of salt, CuSOass of salt, CuSO44 formed. formed. Hitungkan jisim m
Hitungkan jisim maksimum garam aksimum garam CuSOCuSO44 yang terbentuk. yang terbentuk. [ Relative atomic mass : O,16; S,32 ; Cu,64 ]
[ Relative atomic mass : O,16; S,32 ; Cu,64 ]
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]] (c)
(c) If the sulphuric acid in ExpeIf the sulphuric acid in Experiment I is replaced by hyriment I is replaced by hydrochloric acid of the samdrochloric acid of the samee concentration. Predict the volume of
concentration. Predict the volume of hydrochloric acid required.hydrochloric acid required. Jika asid sulfurik
Jika asid sulfurik dalam Ekspedalam Eksperimen I digantikrimen I digantikan dengan asid hidran dengan asid hidriklorik yang saiklorik yang samama kepekatanny
kepekatannya, ramalkan isipadu a, ramalkan isipadu asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.
……….. ………..
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (d)
(d) State one differencState one difference in the method betwee in the method between two experimen two experimentsents Nyatakan satu p
Nyatakan satu perbezaan dalam erbezaan dalam kaedah penykaedah penyediaan garam kediaan garam kedua-dua ekspeedua-dua eksperimen.rimen. Experiment
Experiment I I Experiment IIExperiment II
[ 1
[ 1marksmarks]] (e)
(e) Name the Name the type of reaction type of reaction in Experimin Experiment I .ent I . Namakan jenis
Namakan jenis tindak balas dalam Etindak balas dalam Eksperimeksperimen In I
………. ……….
[ 1
[ 1markmark]] (f)
(f) Name aName another method fonother method for preparation of r preparation of salt other than salt other than ExperimenExperiment I and II.t I and II. Namakan kae
Namakan kaedah lain bagi penydah lain bagi penyediaan garam sediaan garam selain daripada ekelain daripada eksperimen I dsperimen I dan IIan II
………. ……….
[ 1
SECTION B SECTION B 3.
3. (a) (a) What What is is the the meaning meaning of of weak weak acid?acid? Apakah yan
Apakah yang dimaksudkag dimaksudkan dengan asid lemn dengan asid lemahah
[ 2
[ 2marksmarks]] (b)
(b) What is the role of water for acWhat is the role of water for acid to show its properties? Explaid to show its properties? Explain.in. Apakah pe
Apakah peranan air bagi menranan air bagi menunjukkan sifat-sifat asunjukkan sifat-sifat asid? Terangkanid? Terangkan
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]] (c)
(c) Explain three sExplain three simple experimeimple experiments to show the properties of acnts to show the properties of acid.id. Terangkan tiga eksperimen mudah bagi menunjukkan sifat asid Terangkan tiga eksperimen mudah bagi menunjukkan sifat asid
[ 9
[ 9marksmarks]] (b)
(b) The following informaThe following information is about hydrochloric acid ation is about hydrochloric acid and nd ethanoic acid.ethanoic acid. Berikut ialah mak
Berikut ialah maklumat bagi asid hidrolumat bagi asid hidroklorik dan asid eklorik dan asid ethanoikthanoik
Explain why these solution have different pH values. Explain why these solution have different pH values. Terangkan mengapa larutan tersebut mempunyai nilai pH
Terangkan mengapa larutan tersebut mempunyai nilai pH yang berbeza.yang berbeza.
[ 6
[ 6marksmarks]] 4.
4. Diagram Diagram 4 shows 4 shows two reagtwo reagent bottles ent bottles each each containing acontaining an aqueous n aqueous solution.solution. Rajah 4 menu
Rajah 4 menunjukkan dua botol rnjukkan dua botol reagen setiap saeagen setiap satu mengandungi lartu mengandungi larutan akueusutan akueus
Qualitative analysis can be used to determine the presence of cations and anions in
Qualitative analysis can be used to determine the presence of cations and anions in solutions.solutions. Describe chem
Describe chemical test that can be ical test that can be used to verify the iused to verify the ions in each solution.ons in each solution. Analisa kualitatif bole
Analisa kualitatif boleh digunakan untuk h digunakan untuk menentukan menentukan kehadiran kakehadiran kation dan anion dalam lartion dan anion dalam larutan.utan. Huraikan ujian k
Huraikan ujian kimia yang boleh dimia yang boleh digunakan untuk migunakan untuk mengesahkan ionengesahkan ion-ion dalam setiap laru-ion dalam setiap larutantan [ 10
[ 10 marksmarks]] Diagram 4
Diagram 4
The pH of 1 mol dmThe pH of 1 mol dm-3-3 hydrochloric acid solution is 1 hydrochloric acid solution is 1
pH bagi 1 mol dm
pH bagi 1 mol dm-3-3 larutan asid hidroklorik ialah 1 larutan asid hidroklorik ialah 1
The pH of 1 mol dmThe pH of 1 mol dm-3-3 ethanoic acid solution is 4 ethanoic acid solution is 4
pH bagi 1 mol dm
pH bagi 1 mol dm-3-3 larutan asid ethanoik ialah 4 larutan asid ethanoik ialah 4
Nitric Acid Nitric Acid Acid Nitrik Acid Nitrik Ammonium Ammonium chloride chloride Ammonium Ammonium klorida klorida
(b)
(b) A pupil carried out an experiment to investigate the chemA pupil carried out an experiment to investigate the chemical changes that occur to bariumical changes that occur to barium chloride as a result of
chloride as a result of reaction P. The result of the reaction P. The result of the experimenexperiment is t is shown in diagram 5shown in diagram 5
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperime
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji n untuk mengkaji perubahan kimia yang berlaku padaperubahan kimia yang berlaku pada barium klorida hasil daripada tindak balas
barium klorida hasil daripada tindak balas PP
(i)
(i) The chemThe chemical equation fical equation for reaction P is or reaction P is as follows:as follows:
Persamaan k
Persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas P imia bagi tindak balas P ialah seperti berialah seperti berikut:ikut:
BaCl
BaCl22 + + NaNa22SOSO44 → BaSO→ BaSO44 + 2NaCl + 2NaCl Excess sodium sulphate is added to 50 cm
Excess sodium sulphate is added to 50 cm33 of 0.5 mol dm of 0.5 mol dm-3-3 barium chloride. barium chloride. Given the molecular mass of BaSO
Given the molecular mass of BaSO44 = 233 = 233
Sodium sulfat berlebihan ditambah kepada 50 cm
Sodium sulfat berlebihan ditambah kepada 50 cm33 larutan barium klorida 0.5 mol dm larutan barium klorida 0.5 mol dm-3-3
(i)
(i) Calculate Calculate the mthe mass of ass of barium barium sulphate formsulphate formed.ed.
Hitungkan jisim ba
Hitungkan jisim barium sulfat yang terium sulfat yang terbentukrbentuk
[ 3
[ 3marksmarks]] (ii)
(ii) Describe the experimDescribe the experiment how to make the dry barium sulphate in the laboratory.ent how to make the dry barium sulphate in the laboratory.
Huraikan satu e
Huraikan satu eksperimen bksperimen bagi menyediaagi menyediakan barium sulfat kkan barium sulfat kering dalam mering dalam makmal.akmal.
[ 7 [ 7marksmarks]] Diagram 5 Diagram 5 Larutan Larutan natrium sulfat natrium sulfat / Larutan / Larutan barium klorida barium klorida
/ Larutan natrium klorida / Larutan natrium klorida
/ Mendakan barium sulfat / Mendakan barium sulfat
5
5 (a) (a) What What is is meant meant by by salt.salt. Apakah ya
Apakah yang dimaksudkang dimaksudkan dengan garam n dengan garam ??
[2
[2marksmarks]] (b)
(b) Figure 5 Figure 5 shows shows an an incomplete incomplete flow flow chart chart of of cation cation and and anion anion tests tests for for salt salt Y.Y. Rajah 5 men
Rajah 5 menunjukkan carta aunjukkan carta aliran yang tidak liran yang tidak lengkap bagi ujian lengkap bagi ujian anion dan kationanion dan kation garam Y
garam Y
FIGURE 5 FIGURE 5 Complete the flow chart to confirm that
Complete the flow chart to confirm that salt Y contains Fesalt Y contains Fe33++
ions and CO ions and CO332-
2-ions. Your unswer should
ions. Your unswer should include observations.include observations. Lengkapkan
Lengkapkan carta aliran tersecarta aliran tersebut bagi mengebut bagi mengesahkan ujian sahkan ujian bahawa garam Ybahawa garam Y mengandungi
mengandungiion Feion Fe33++ ions dan ion CO ions dan ion CO332-
2-[8
[8marksmarks]] (c)
(c) You are required to prepare dry Aluminium chloride salt. The chemicals supplied areYou are required to prepare dry Aluminium chloride salt. The chemicals supplied are Anda dikehe
Anda dikehendaki menyendaki menyediakan garam Adiakan garam Aluminium klorida yluminium klorida yang kering. Bahang kering. Bahan-bahanan-bahan kimia yang dibekalkan ialah
kimia yang dibekalkan ialah
Aluminium sulphate solution /Aluminium sulphate solution / Larutan aluminium Larutan aluminium sulfat sulfat
Dilute hydrochloric acid /Dilute hydrochloric acid / Asid hidroklor Asid hidroklorik cair ik cair
Sodium carbonate solution /Sodium carbonate solution / Larutan natrium karbonat Larutan natrium karbonat
Describe a laboratory experim
Describe a laboratory experiment to ent to prepare that salt. In your description, include theprepare that salt. In your description, include the chemical equations involved.
chemical equations involved. Huraikan satu e
Huraikan satu eksperimeksperimen makmal bagi men makmal bagi menyediakan nyediakan garam tersebut. garam tersebut. Dalam huraianDalam huraian anda, nyatakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
anda, nyatakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
[10
[10 marksmarks]] Salt Y
Salt Y
Cation
Cation test test Anion Anion testtest
Fe
2-CONTOH SOALAN-SOALAN KBAT CONTOH SOALAN-SOALAN KBAT
5 5..
KERTAS MODUL TAMAT KERTAS MODUL TAMAT
S
Sumbangan: Paneumbangan: Panel-Q, Ml-Q, M ajlajl is Guru is Guru CeCememerr lang Nlang N eegegeri ri MM eelakalaka 6.
