ANALISIS
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
BAWANG MERAH DI KOTA MEDAN
Megawati Citra Alam
Magister Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Supply chain merupakan hal penting bagi setiap kegiatan bisnis. Salah satu
supply chain yang perlu diteliti adalah supply chain bawang merah di Kota Medan karena permintaannya yang cukup tinggi sementara pasokan bawang merah masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menganalisis alur distribusi supply chain bawang merah di Kota Medan (2) Menganalisis peranan, aktor/pelaku dan alternatif skenario untuk membentuk supply chain management bawang merah yang efisien di Kota Medan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada dua model supply chain bawang merah di Kota Medan yaitu model bawang merah lokal (Medan dan Brebes) dan bawang merah impor. Untuk model bawang merah lokal dapat dibedakan berdasarkan 3 (tiga) daerah produsen, yaitu model Medan Marelan, Samosir, dan Simalungun. Model Medan Marelan dan Simalungun mempunyai 7 (tujuh) rantai pasok, sedangkan Model Samosir mempunyai 8 (delapan) rantai pasok. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa supply chain management bawang merah lokal di Kota Medan belum efisien karena panjangnya alur distribusi. Supply chain bawang merah impor lebih efisien karena memiliki alur distribusi yang lebih pendek dengan 5 (lima) rantai pasok.
Selain itu, berdasarkan penilaian dan penetapan prioritas Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP), model yang digunakan AHP adalah supply chain management bawang merah yang efisien di Kota Medan. Faktor dari goal hierarki AHP adalah ketersediaan produk dan kestabilan harga. Aktor yang berpengaruh adalah pedagang pengumpul, produsen, pedagang dan distributor. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai adalah, keberlanjutan usaha produsen, peningkatan kesejahteraan produsen, peningkatan nilai produk dan keberlanjutan usaha distributor. Alternatif skenarionya adalah kebijakan pemerintah, fasilitas sarana dan prasarana produsen, dan akses informasi dan teknologi.
Kata kunci: supply chain management, analytical hierarchy process, bawang merah, Medan
ANALYSIS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMET
OF SHALLOTS AT MEDAN
Megawati Citra Alam
Magister of Agribusiness Faculty of Agriculture
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Supply chain are important for every business activity. One of supply chain that needs to be studied is the shallots supply chain in Medan due to the high demand while the supply of shallots is still limited. This study aims to: (1) Analyze the flow of shallots supply chain distribution at Medan (2) Analyze the role, actors alternative scenarios to establish efficient of shallots supply chain management at Medan. The results showed that there are two shallots supply chain model in Medan that is local shallots model (Medan and Brebes) and imported shallots model. Local shallots model can be distinguished based on 3 (three) producer area, those are models of Medan Marelan, Samosir, and Simalungun. Medan Marelan and Simalungun models have 7 (seven) supply chains, while the Samosir Model has 8 (eight) supply chains. This condition indicates that the local shallots supply chain management in Medan has not been efficient because of the length of the distribution channel. Supply chain imported shallots is more efficient because it has a shorter distribution flow with 5 (five) supply chains.
In addition, based on the assessment and prioritization of Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP), the model used by AHP is efficient shallots supply chain management at Medan. Factors of the AHP hierarchy goal are product availability and price stability. Influential actors are merchant collectors, producent, traders and distributors. Objectives to be achieved are, sustainability of producer's business, improvement of producer's prosperity, increase of product value and distributor's business continuity. Scenario alternatives are government policy, facility facilities and producer's infrastructure, and access to information and technology.
Keyword: supply chain management, analytical hierarchy process, shallots, Medan
