•'y'^
.U-/
jvi^vy/'i
TAHZIBUL AKHLAQUE KE NOMAINDA
QALMI MOAAWENEEN
THESIS
SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
Sorfnr of |IhtIosophy
URDU
•• •• . . B Y . •
F A R H A T A B A S S U M
Under the supcrvfsfon of
Dr. Mohamed Quamrul Hooda Faridi
DEPARTMENT OF URDU ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
AUGARH.(mpiA)
cTcA
(/(/^i/ii->^/-^ui/v7(i='ic.i*i3^^ii/uZlui>A^(^ui<j^yw^*U(/f<^
^^-i^ -Jjf^S d^^C^^-^ i5!ii^^£/'/ ^0;>((^/^ir^y>^-(:»/('iy(ji;>j>^
*i^^yc^-*£>fo'/i^<u>f'vLfj^/J^^i>^-t>^u^u>^y;:^*tJyy:>i*^
r
9
^ ^
TAHZIBUL AKHLAQUE KE NOMAINDA
QALMI MOAAWENEEN
ABSTRACT
THESIS
SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
Borfor of )ihtIo80)>hi)
INURDU
BY
FARHA TABASSUM
Under th« supervision ofDr. Mohamed Quamrul Hoo.da Faridi
DCPARTMENT OF URDU ALIGARH MUSLIM UNiyERSITY
AUQARH4INDIA)
2001
vC' '^4A< -J ;
" /
/
-* i
trim>
'k
DEPARTMENT OF URDU
ALLGARH MLSLLM LNrV£RSITV ALIGARH—202 002 Phone : 336 (Internal) Date.fc-mtOjmtm tm
Ik U
i i » t f t > » l ttuik %% U m
wifcwiifcfa to My oth«r
vurltfAl
department of U i ^
/ /
O^J
i -
iii: )^{j%
ir-i (JUi?.y^(/^Zl^lA<iZ.)/^t^ : ^LUj^
r9-ir >-'l^i(/'/< ''^' l O l ^ U ' ^ i ^ : ^ t ' / i ^
i*i-r• cfUyjuJ^L/l^l—^(^(/jU^lil^ij? : u^t S/i
riq-HA c^^U^i/j^'U^jD^llf^ij? : u^-LiJljfL
rAr-rz.* f ' l / l / l ^
rqi-rAr c^UlX
• ^ *
r
:r-(/(J>^*^Z cTc/'<:^u'^>^^J^-o J^ ^'^(f' ^^Oi'yy^L/^I
ir*i^ s/i» :.(> J ' ^ _ ^ j i / u i^i^y t^if'T^u/y^y ^ i/i* jivuiJ tfc/^ ^
•• X ^ •• y • *
1
1(
Nation
ir
^k!/"
W^Oil^iit^^p
• •
^\:^,ifi/-i
ir
1^
^T,;;i«;y>5tr»-u^i::^J'/('iJ^'c/-'^>^"'^*=^i3^(I^^^
c;( u:J ^ > ^ Zl uyi>^ f*!*-^ ^ . j ^ 1 ^ (Ji^i Zl c>Ui7^( 2 l u r l<f li^^ d
f'ii^(w<>£(/(^(3'-i^lrlf9vZl.^iir^(/(;:^(J^(c;?-l^lr>fi>t^y^/y
(A flAAl JUiJ/rA it.irA^J«/^^f/>Jf ^iAz,*/r^jrrJJit^ JihiJ ^Vjii (yjii :^yJJ>J (i>iLw5^^iA^iy>'r»Jit^^irsr(;;l>v^yjU>f^l^/.<A^»y/j/rrj!;(i^^^ * •
rr
rr
Yd
^ ^ ^
J :
^ — ^ = ^=—^ 1::•
—^^{^0^^^^^
r»
"Syed Ahmad Khan had deep respect for the past and he was far from being an enemy of rehgion. He wanted to modernise and at the same time to preserve all that was of value in religion, customs and tradition. He was, we should not forget, always a reformer and never a revolutionary".^
Shan Muhammad, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan A Political Biography, p. 62. Meenakashi, ^ Prakashan. Meerut, 1969.
n
*— t
y ( ^ ^ y T ^ jT j:::^^'.ilc^if'^yUL^i/u^j^i^^y ( ^ c / ? - i ^ / ( /
rr
rA
r*
rr
i f f V
rr
M •• I •• •• ••
t L i . i l l v->ijjl <.nA.l <.3ai3
rA
rq
I
•Jul
L ^/•\^ l^^^l- Jir/-ui 'I^d^'fo/^^y^ ji\^\ti^ C ^\^.<^ciijs^ ^(^
^ 1
6A
•Jul
•Jui'^At/Jir/
69
t/^ lia ti^i J ^ ^ ^JB>^/^y>* ^ ' ^ ^ L l v ^ i c / > ^ * i - ^ L ^ lJ^'-''>*'>^
i r
11
i^ ^\^y. ^ f Jit L Ji Oj (\(\ ^\.ji J: Uhij Ljj^^\f\ JU (jy^^
(/iJ^ Director of Public Instruction (^/j\'iJiM3:^('>\y~cJ/^\}f\
L"
.r^U^(jU((l).^U->bUl(<i) j("jit'MJ\/^z^sJ'{(,'P ( r ) c . / / / ( r ) c/iP'bUI
Ju>^J(^>i JUUTy^i (ir) ^.tr'bUL (M) >u'l^bUi ((•) ^e/f >e^'(/
^yiuf^^UCiA)
CT^IJUICI^)i:zr bU( (11) J ^
-iru Syi(lr>f Jl5>i(ji/byirjt2l j/y^y^^vj't-lf ^ ^ ( j ^ ^ ^ M ^ e j ^
A*
r^i/j/^ti^ '7-'-: >^^^*
A(
Ar
-A1
^^^jj }^i{f\:^{f jt\jij\i/ ji\i^
-/4'1/(jt^ ^ i-i/'(/J^c^ 6'/i^wT (/^i^ .1^ b/y/J> (jj ^u irj/; ^
A9
(jj w uu-: v/j Xi^i^u i„T J t , ^ _ ( / ( / ^ ^l^j-i 2l w^ u >--wi:> Jw J /
9r
9 1
(No Taxtation without t/-^^^^^-'^
Representation)
Uyi>^/(j:iA(j^«vil^>f^yl;^/J^^^L/^L(/t/c^^
<:::-(jyit_^>/'
J'tj^/'-di^iJ^^^-^'Source Material for the freedom movement, vol. ii, pp. 67-68. J,
! • (
Jylf J x JJU C:</^ ,1^ ^>lf ^ i 1^U</UJCIJV Jy^iT l^ ^y>l^lir t:^'w^^^
(•r
lO<D L> ^y( lyj L / J j — (>«^/^> )4- '^"i c-\^
_ rasj' Ui X - 1^*1 ^^ Uf' ^
Jly<j:!^iirZl"c^l>vBL^l^Jjiif(ijU8UiA^flj}!lt/^(rfliJlJ^iji^ij;"^
h i
The monotheistic system of belief appears to have been his ideal. It is for this reason that he was partial toward Islam, considering other monotheistic religions based upon divine revelation (that is, Judaism and Christianity) bridges of Progress". ^
Hafeez Malik. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and Muslim Modernisation in India Pakistan, J^ p. 181, Columbia University Press, New York, 1980.
iir
iir
,_jaiJl TCAJUJO t>3jdC,j (_)k>j2 V ^ J A J U U I \l\yC. jv_l£l ^Jil . ^ n ^ l L i ^^juajjt / J l » J < i H J l 5
11^
^Mr^}LJ^i^j.Lu^\J4- J'u^<£ ^s:<^i} i<L^^,l} iT'cJ'cf^^fji^^
(II
11^
IIA
ir*
^•J'ujf ( / d U t / t J ^ (Jv>) J ^ l wJy^ i-f>k^ / u / ^ f - L / ^ C ^ - f - v j / J ^ U D v j )
in
JJ^ (^ J<f J-^ >->'uT^-J: ^^-^^ t f ( / i ^ 0 c/t J^'4-^-i-AJiJ>«?''^
irr
irr
in
L^iz
( ^
y.i^(^Ut7UlKirc^iJ/cJ:!>M^^5yci^l7(f.rJy7yc^<^
^ » ^ t / ( 3 " ^ H y ^ yy c. J/J C^UI <:^ U^l/>t yyU-^li^ U r ^ J ^ I (/>('>»?•/.i^
yyjrjy^y(:;i(>cji/^i.^Ji;/^jjl/ii,i/((](^^c.iJl>yyi^y:l^(^
(r<
i n
? ^ * * *
1-" ifj;>^yLcC^ci::(^L(ri/
irr
i r r
L" Ul^^^^L^U^
ii>:ti/£/(>^i^^/^^>crf-^t?7(/*j>jJ^3c;u^y^Ucf-^C/it'iJ^
irr
• * '
-ira
i n
,<c/^-^Ui{?y u^^^f ^ J-'''^^'>-i^Ut{?>?(ji(y^f^/-^ i//ia^i Jy»4;
^ - ^ ( l ^ / L / o t / u y ^ j y ^ J u ^ i r y / ^ / j / , ^ j . r ^ i ^ T / 2 ^ ^ v i M
ir'
^^^:.:Cf^^d)Cj\^' /o/hiL<:^\;y^ j^y<i)Lj\{/' 3}ji\^<yc^^
i n
r--JS/L'yt/j>^Li^JJM>-»'-*i^^d>^L:5^(/Jj^-^
irr
irr
\rc>
( i * ** •
tr>fyj^^y^^i|^6u^>i^vji f^i^c^i^C^l^i-lf^jyiiT L^L^JUtZljii^O^ii^^fflbZl
i n
-^/j^i^(>:>jf^-^/^l/< ^ ^ T Z t /
t-ly/^j ^^1 ^ t>Yj.' c^(^ ^JiJ JiJ<^tr. J*> T > ^ i y y / w > w> (J? - « ^ (/'^Lf l /
irA
^6tx'x^-''^''^o*''^/V'(i^(/L^-^-'>f:^'t^'^-»'t3^^^cfuy^'^*^^ "
• • f V •
wL^(^i.»y>'|:_^x»^-^^(I-'t5>-^uy/(/'^dpv^'f-L/:::4:-Jjvi((j:::(^i^^i^
(r9
><<Jl;^u7Z^l/jyjru^?^X^^^l>f^Uc^4r^(yj|;^Tc>^,j,^T^
<
I * * * • * { • • • • ** i
161
cT cT/J^(J'i <^ (3l<^j^ *r^'i^-/j'*r^JU
KM
liiA
i j A a i
1^9
t-uif"L^;Lc^o
l3LCi(/^yi^(/LjlfjL(j5^(jib>tr</.Li(/tfc^^
Uyi>^(j::dl?'iA/^L/^>5(/(uLidt^irc^Jj^t/'/ ^iJlf cfc>^> Jl/>(/
i:^i/'^^ti'tK^di>^c^>"i/^-^X^r('yci^i«/6''Ji^
n»
(j^^uyi>"/ir^Y(/'/Lri/.(^^(/^w(^uryL^Jy(/uyU^
w^i^(/u^yJy^w^*^i/j;i>Mr(/ic^^yi£f<^L^i^:>^/^
(11
yy^trT/*tf(^4'i/^^>(j^vL^;/;/((^2L/v/y^U(/f-y(^i^/^jl^^^^
nr
L-" w / L ^ ' ^ ^
^ y i j
[fytj"^
(11
( 1 ^
_>
IIA
ct i/^M^ >:>>(JJw'^>'ir_^jOc J A;C<< ( / f < ^ ^If ( 7 1 / J L ( ^ ^ ^ i r (^^^
Uj=-yX(j^Ji^'>yJ/-:J/yZ.Ui?^c./'s^u^2^(j/Ji^*i^ij2lJ'^^
^ ( ^ Z , / y / j . y y > ^ c < ^ * ( / u ' ^ ^ / l ( / l / ( / c . L ^ ^ U i y / i ^ > < r i ^ : 6 ^ ^
* • • • • • * • I *« ^ *