BAB VIII RESTORASI EKOSISTEM PESISIR BERBASIS
8.4 Hasil Restorasi Ekosistem Pesisir di Desa Api-api
| 129 mempermudah proses komunikasi, memberikan ruang untuk menghimpun ide bersama selama implementasi berjalan, dan memudahkan pelaksanaan aksi yang telah disusun).
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Desa Api-Api dan mencegah vegetasi berupa cemara laut dan mangrove dari kerusakan karena dihempas gelombang pasang.
Penggantian bahan geobag menggunakan waring juga terbukti tahan lama karena hingga kini belum mengalami kerusakan. Dalam kurun waktu yang sama, kenaikan gelombang pasang pun tidak lagi merambah hingga permukiman masyarakat dan abrasi pantai juga telah berkurang (GCSMUS-Undip MOOC, 2022).
Sumber: GCSMUS-Undip MOOC, 2022
Gambar 8. 3 Konstruksi PEGAR di Pantai Desa Api-api
Dampak dari perbaikan kondisi Pantai Desa Api-api berupa terkendalinya abrasi dan berhentinya gelombang laut atau banjir rob memasuki permukiman adalah semakin baik pula kondisi peng- hidupan masyarakat. Lahan tambak masyarakat menjadi lebih terlindungi sehingga secara perlahan dapat kembali produktif.
Sebagian besar masyarakat Desa Api-api kini dapat kembali mengusahakan bertani tambak sebagai sumber penghidupan utama mereka. Sebagai alternatif sumber penghidupan, bersama Bintarai masyarakat di Desa Api-api dan sekitarnya juga telah memulai secara aktif melakukan uji coba keramba apung (lihat Gambar 8.4) sebagai
| 131 sarana budidaya ikan yang lebih aman terhadap banjir rob (GCSMUS- Undip MOOC, 2022).
Sumber: GCSMUS-Undip MOOC, 2022 Gambar 8. 4 Keramba Apung di Desa Api-api
Kembalinya pola penghidupan pada kondisi yang lebih baik disertai peningkatan pemahaman terhadap kondisi wilayah dan permasalahan yang dihadapi memberikan harapan baru bagi masyarakat. Kondisi ini memberi dorongan bagi masyarakat Desa Api-api untuk terus ber- upaya dan beradaptasi terhadap perubahan lingkungan dan ekosistem.
Keberadaan PEGAR yang menunjang kelestarian lapisan vegetasi pelindung pantai (Nugroho et al., 2018) berupa mangrove dan cemara laut telah menjadi bukti bahwa keterlibatan dan inovasi yang lahir dari masyarakat mampu menjadi solusi yang lebih sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka (Manurung et al., 2012). Hasilnya, selain restorasi ekosistem dan penghidupan masyarakat mengalami perbaikan, mereka sebagai komunitas pun memiliki modal sosial yang lebih kuat.
Menguatnya modal sosial dikarenakan adanya kerjasama yang menerus, rasa kepemilikan terhadap tujuan pembangunan bersama yang masyarakat upayakan, serta semakin kuatnya kemampuan ber- adaptasi (Utina et al., 2018; Manurung et al., 2012).
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Untuk memastikan bahwa upaya pemberdayaan dan juga peningkatan ketahanan masyarakat di Desa Api-api dapat berkelanjutan, terdapat setidaknya tiga kunci utama, yaitu partisipasi inklusif bagi seluruh stakeholder yang terpengaruh oleh adanya perubahan pada ekosistem di Desa Api-api, koordinasi antara pemerintah setempat dengan seluruh stakeholder khususnya masyarakat lokal, dan kolaborasi aktif seluruh stakeholder. Keberhasilan ini tentu dapat layak diadvokasi sebagai contoh dalam upaya membangun masyarakat yang lebih berketahanan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Tidak saja ber- ketahanan secara fisik melalui penyediaan infrastruktur pendukung tetapi juga berketahanan secara sosial-ekonomi melalui penguatan penghidupan masyarakat (Utina et al., 2018). Keterlibatan berbagai stakeholder dari beragam sektor juga dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan praktik yang sudah ada agar menjadi semakin inovatif. Oleh sebab itu, kolaborasi yang terjalin diharapkan tidak saja terbatas antara masyarakat dengan lembaga non-pemerintah sebagaimana yang terjadi di Desa Api-api, tetapi juga dapat diperluas hingga melibatkan pihak swasta dan pemerintah di berbagai level kewenangan.
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