و ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ
ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ و ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور ود ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا نﺎﻘﻫد هرﺎﻬﺑ يرﺎﻨﮐ هداز ﻞﯿﻋﺎﻤﺳا ﺎﺿر ،
12
،
يﺮﯿﻣا ﯽﻨﺘﻓر ﺐﻨﯾز
2
1 - و يزروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻو مﻮﻠﻋ ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﻣآ ﺶﻧاد ﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
يرﺎﺳ ﯽ
2 -
،رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد
،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ و يزروﺎﺸﮐ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
يرﺎﺳ ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
) رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رد ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 07 / 12 / 95 رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺬﭘ ﯾ شﺮ : 02 / 04 / 96 (
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
رد ﻦﯾﻮﻧ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا شور ود ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا )
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ (
ﺨﺘﺳا و ﯽﺘﻨﺳ جاﺮ ) بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ (
دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺑ ﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ، ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﯽ
ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا .
ﺮﻓ ﻞﮐ نﺎﻣز آ ﯽﻧﻻﻮﻃ ﯽﺘﻨﺳ شور رد ﺪﻨﯾ دﻮﺑ ﻦﯾﻮﻧ شور زا ﺮﺗ
. لﺎﯿﺳ شور زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ )
3/
8 ﺪﺻرد ( زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ شور بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ )
5/
2 ﺪﺻرد ( دﻮﺑ . ﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ تﺎ ﺘﺳد ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يزﺎﮔ ﯽﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ هﺎﮕ
ﺞﻨﺳ ﻒﯿﻃ–
ﯽﻣﺮﺟ
، ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﺻرد و .
ﺘﻧ ﻖﺒﻃ هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺞﯾﺎ
، ﻦﻧﻮﻤﯿﻟ يد ﻪﮐ
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﺻا ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ود ﺮﻫ رد
ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ شور ﻧ ار راﺪﻘﻣ
ﺖﺒﺴ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ داد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ
ﯿﻟ يد راﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﻣا ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ ﺎﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا شور رد ﻦﻧﻮﻤ
) 58 / 86 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻪﮐ
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور زا ﺮﺗ ﺶﯿﺑ )
71 / 69 ﺪﺻرد ( دﻮﺑ . ﻦﮑﯿﻟو ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد لﻮﻨﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ ، )
49 /1 ﺪﺻرد ( ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ زا ﺮﺗ ﺶﯿﺑ )
03 / 0
ﺪﺻرد ( دﻮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﮐ رد لﻮﻨﻓ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ
ﻮﺘﻟﺎﮐﻮﯿﺳ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﻓ نﻮﻣزآ دﻮﺑ
. ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺲﭙﺳ ا ﺪﺿ
ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا شور ﺎﺑ دازآ لﺎﮑﯾدار رﺎﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ وDPPH
ترﺪﻗ
ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا درﻮﻣ ﯽﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ءﺎﯿﺣا رد و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ شور ود ﺮﻫ رد
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ، ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ شور ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ار يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
داد نﺎﺸﻧ دﻮﺧ زا بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ .
ﯽﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ IC50
) ﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟ
( ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ mg/ml 98 / 35 شور رد DPPH ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ شور
دﻮﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﺎﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا .
ﺪﯿﻠﮐ نﺎﮔژاو ،ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ،لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا : ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ
بآ ﺎﺑ
، ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ .
* تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ :
1 - ﻣ ﻪﻣﺪﻘ
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ) Citrus Sinesis (
هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ زا )
Rutaceae (
و
هداﻮﻧﺎﺧﺮﯾز )
Auratiode (
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
،ﯽﻤﺳر رﺎﻣآ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ
ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻧاواﺮﻓ نﺎﻬﺟ رد هﺪﺷ ﺖﺸﮐ هﻮﯿﻣ
ﺖﺳا . لﺎﺳ رد 2010 ﺶﯿﺑ
زا 68 ﻦﺗ نﻮﯿﻠﯿﻣ نﺎﻬﺟ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ
ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﺷ ] 1[
. ناﺮﯾا رﺎﻣآ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ
،
ﺗ لﺎﺳرد ار لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮ 1393
، 1 ﻮﯿﻠﯿﻣ و ن 530 ﻦﺗ راﺰﻫ
ﺖﺳا هدز ﻦﯿﻤﺨﺗ .
ﯽﻃ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا ﭘ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﺖﻌﻨﺻ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮ
،
لﺎﺜﻣ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ
،لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ بآ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺗ نزو زا ﯽﻤﯿﻧ دوﺪﺣ
و هﺪﺷ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ هﻮﯿﻣ بآ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺎﻤﺴﭘ يدﺎﯾز راﺪﻘﻣ
) ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ، ﭗﻟﺎﭘ ،
و ﻪﻧاد هﻮﯿﻣ مﺎﻤﺗ ﻓ ياﺮﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ درﻮﻣ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﺮآ
ار يرو
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاﺪﻧ ( ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ دﻮﺷ . ﻪﻨﯾﺰﮔ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﺎﻤﺴﭘ ﻦﯾا ﺪﯾﺪﺟ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ياﺮﺟا ﺎﻫﺪﻧ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ياﺮﺑ
لﺎﺜﻣ
، ﯽﻟآدﻮﮐ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ،
ﻦﯿﺘﮑﭘ
، ﯽﺘﺴﯾز ﻦﻏور ،
ﻦﻏور يﺎﻫ
و يروﺮﺿ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﯽﺘﻧآ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 3 - 1[
. ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﻦﭘﺮﺗ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا يدﺎﯾز تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ زا ﯽﻃﻮﻠﺨﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ تﺎﺒﮐﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ
،
ﻦﭘﺮﺗ ﯽﯾﻮﮑﺴﺳ ﺎﻫ
، ﺎﻫﺪﯿﻫﺪﻟآ ، ﻞﮑﻟا و ﺎﻫ ﺘﺳا ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﺎﻫﺮ
ﯽﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﻦﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﻦﭘﺮﺗ زا ﯽﻃﻮﻠﺨﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺎﻫ ،
راﺮﻓ ﺮﯿﻏ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ هﺪﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ و ﻪﻧﮋﯿﺴﮐا تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ،
دﻮﺷ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ ]
4[
.
و نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ هﻮﯿﻣ نآ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﻨﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ دراد ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﺎﻫ
] 6،5 [.
رد
ﺖﺳﻮﭘ دراد دﻮﺟو ﯽﻠﻨﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ تﺎﺒﮐﺮﻣ ]
7[
. ﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ زا ﻞﺒﻗ و ﯽﯾ
ﻦﻏور زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﺴﻧﺎﺳا يﺎﻫ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻘﯾﺮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ، ﯽﺑﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ار ﺎﻫ
ﺎﺳا جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ دﺮﮐ ﺲﻧ
شور ﺎﻫ دراد دﻮﺟو يدﺪﻌﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ زا
شور ﻪﻠﻤﺟ يﺎﻫ
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ زا يﺮﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ
، شور يﺎﻫ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﯽﺘﻨﺳ
، ﺎﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
لﻼﺣ ] 4[
، رﺎﺨﺑ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ ]
8 [،
ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ بآ ﺎﺑ ] 9 [ ، دﺮﺳ سﺮﭘ ] 10 [ و
شور يﺎﻫ ﻦﯾﻮﻧ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا
، ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﺎﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ]
11 [،
تﻮﺻاﺮﻓ ] 9 [ و ﻮﯾوﺮﮑﯾﺎﻣ ] 8،9 [ ار ﯽﻣ ﻮﺗ دﺮﮐ هرﺎﺷا نا .
ﻦﯿﺑ رد ﻪﮐ
شور ﻦﯾا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ،
جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ و دﺮﺳ سﺮﭘ شور
ﺎﺳا ﺲﻧ زا تﺎﺒﮐﺮﻣ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺞﯾار
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] [.12 لﺎﺣ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ
ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ و ﯽﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تراﺮﻘﻣ ،ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ ﺖﺴﯾز يﺎﻫ
يژﻮﻟﻮﻨﮑﺗ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ يﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ هﺪﺷ ﺰﯿﻤﺗ يﺎﻫ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ تراﺮﺣ ﻪﺑ سﺎﺴﺣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ رﻮﻀﺣ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا ﺖﺳا ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ زا ﯿﻫ نﺎﮑﻣا زا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻣد رد يﺎﻫ و ﺰﯿﻟورﺪ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﺗراﺮﺣ ﺐﯾﺮﺨﺗ ﺎﯾ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
] 13 [ . ور راﻮﺘﺳا ﻞﺻا ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ ش
ﺖﺳا : اﺪﺘﺑا و هﺪﺷ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ تراﺮﺣ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
هﺪﺷ ﻢﮐاﺮﺘﻣ رﺎﺨﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ ،
و هﺪﺷ دﺮﺳ ﯽﻣ ﻊﯾﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ
دﻮﺷ .
شور ﻦﯾا ﺖﯾﺰﻣ ،
نﺎﺳآ و هدﺎﺳ ﯽﻣ نآ ندﻮﺑ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد .
شور مﺎﻤﺗ هﺪﺷ ﺮﮐذ يﺎﻫ
، زوﺮﻣا ه شور ﻪﺑ ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺗ لﺎﯿﺳ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ اﺪﯿﭘ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺮﯾز يﺎﻫ 1:
(
ﯽﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا ار ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ تﻻﺎﯿﺳ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد و ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ مﺮﺟ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
2 ( لﻼﺣ ﯽﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻞﺣ ترﺪﻗ
رﺎﺸﻓ و ﺎﻣد ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ
ﺪﻨﮐ
، ﻨﺗ و ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ود ﻦﯾا ﻢﯿﻈ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﯽﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧا و هاﻮﺨﻟد ﻪﺑ ار تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ، ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻦﺑﺮﮐ ﺪﯿﺴﮐا يد ﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ. -
ﻟﻼﺣ ﻪﮑﻧآ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ دﻮﺷ ﯽ
ﯽﺑ ،نازرا ،ﻮﺑ ﯽﺑ ،قاﺮﺘﺣا ﻞﺑﺎﻗﺮﯿﻏ ،ﺮﻄﺧ
ﯽﻣ سﺮﺘﺳد رد ﯽﺘﺣار ﻪﺑ و هدﻮﺑ ﯽﻤﺳ ﺮﯿﻏ و هﺰﻣ ﯽﺑ ،ﮓﻧر ﯽﺑ -
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 16 - 14 .[
ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ناﺮﯾا رد ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ تﺎﺒﮐﺮﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ زا ﯽﻤﯿﻧ ،
ﯽﻣ جرﺎﺧ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻂﺧ زا ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ﻪﮐ تﺎﻌﯾﺎﺿ -
ﺮﻓ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻧﻮﺷ آ
رد ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﯾﺪﺒﺗ و يرو
زا هدوﺰﻓا شزرا ﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻫار يﻮﺟ و ﺖﺴﺟ ﺷ اﺬﻟ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ دﻮﺧ ﯽﺘﺳد ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫﺪﻧﺎﻤﺴﭘ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨ
شور يﺎﻫ
نآ يزﺎﺳ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا و ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺎﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻢﻬﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺎﻫ
ﻦﯾﺮﺗ
مﺎﮔ ﯽﻣ فﺪﻫ ﻦﯾا لﻮﺼﺣ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد
بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ و ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا شور ود ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ،ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻞﮐ ﻞﻨﻓ ناﺰﯿﻣ ،ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ و جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا نﺎﻣز ،هدزﺎﺑ يور ﺮﺑ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ و ﯽﻣ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
2 شور و داﻮﻣ -
2 - 1 - ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يزﺎﺳ هدﺎﻣآ
تﺎﻏﺎﺑ زا لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ هﻮﯿﻣ ﺪﻧزﺎﻣ يﺰﮐﺮﻣ
ار ن ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ .
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﻦﯾا ﺎﻫ
يﺮﯿﮔ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ و ﻮﺷو ﺖﺴﺷ زا ﺲﭘ
، ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ياراد ﺖﻤﺴﻗ
، 1
ﺪﯿﻔﺳ ﺖﻤﺴﻗزا ﺪﻗﺎﻓ ﮓﻧر
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ،2
تﺎﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ و اﺪﺟ
راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ
ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺎﺑ دازآ ياﻮﻫ رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ
يﺎﻣد 30 هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ ﺪﯿﺷرﻮﺧ رﻮﻧ زا رود ﻪﺑ و داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد
1 Flavedo 2 Albedo
و بﺎﯿﺳآ ﺎﺑ ردﻮﭘ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ
ﺪﺷ . ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ رد بﺎﯿﺳآ زا ﺲﭘ ﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﻧ ذﻮﻔﻧ زا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻧﻮﻠﯾﺎ و يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر
ﺎﺗ نﺎﻣز
رﺰﯾﺮﻓ رد ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا يﺎﻣد رد
18 - داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد راﺮﻗ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ] 17 [.
2 - 2 - ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ بآ ﺎﺑ ) ( HD
3رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺑ 100
ار هﺪﺷ ﮏﺸﺧ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ردﻮﭘ زا مﺮﮔ
و ﻪﺘﺨﯾر ﻦﻟﺎﺑ نورد ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ نآ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ
ﺪﺷ ﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ يﺪﺣ
ﻼﻣﺎﮐ ار ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ردﻮﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺪﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ
. رد جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا يﺎﻣد
100 ﻪﺟرد
داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ )
بآ شﻮﺟ يﺎﻣد (
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ و 4
ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ) ﻪﮑﯿﻧﺎﻣزﺎﺗ
ا ﻪﯿﻠﮐ دﻮﺷ جرﺎﺧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ زا ﺲﻧﺎﺳ (
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا
، ﭙﺳ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺲ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ نﺎﻣز ﺎﺗ
، يﺎﻣد رد رﺰﯾﺮﻓ رد 18
- داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ
ﺪﺷ ] 18 [ .
2 - 3 - اﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﻧ
ﯽ ) ( SCF
4ﺪﻨﭼ ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ زا ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور ﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ هرﻮﻈﻨﻣ ,Suprex MPS/225 ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ رﻮﺸﮐ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ
(Pittsburg, USA) ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
. رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﯾا ياﺮﺑ 20
ردﻮﭘ مﺮﮔ
ﺎﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ 100
رد و طﻮﻠﺨﻣ لﻮﻧﺎﺗا ﯽﮑﻤﮐ لﻼﺣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
يﺎﻣد 35 رﺎﺸﻓ و داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد 100
نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ و رﺎﺑ 30
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ نﺎﯾﺮﺟ خﺮﻧ ،ﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﻘﯿﻗد CO2
ﺰﯿﻧ
ml/min 1 دﻮﺑ . ﻼﺣ و ﺮﺘﻠﯿﻓ ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ل
رد رﺰﯾﺮﻓ رد ،ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ نﺎﻣز ﺎﺗ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا و ﺪﺷ ﺮﯿﺨﺒﺗ نآ رد يﺎﻣد 18 - ﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد ]
19 [ .
2 - 4 - هزاﺪﻧا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ يﺮﯿﮔ
يزﺎﮔ ﯽﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﯽﻣﺮﺟ –
،ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ ياﺮﺑ يزﺎﮔ ﯽﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد
) لﺪﻣ Agilent
Technologies 7890A ،
ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ رﻮﺸﮐ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ (
ﺞﻨﺳ ﻒﯿﻃ و
ﯽﻣﺮﺟ ) لﺪﻣ Agilent Technologies 5975C ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ،
ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ رﻮﺸﮐ (
هﺎﮕﺘﺳد نﻮﺘﺳ ﺎﺑ )
Agilent Technologies
Inc.HP-5MS ﺎﮑﯾﺮﻣآ رﻮﺸﮐ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ،
( ﺑ ﻪﻨﯿﯾﻮﻣ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﮐ لﻮﻃ ﺎ
30 ﺮﺘﻣ ، ﺮﻄﻗ 25 /0 نآ رد ﻦﮐﺎﺳ زﺎﻓ ﻪﯾﻻ ﻪﮐ ﺮﺘﻤﯿﻠﯿﻣ 25
/0 نوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
3. Hydro Distillation 4. Supercritical fluid
ﯽﻣ ا درﻮﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳ
. زا ﯽﺗراﺮﺣ يﺰﯾر ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ 50
ﺎﺗ
270 يﺎﻣد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد 3
ﻪﺟرد داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ رد
دﻮﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد . ﻖﯾرﺰﺗ ﻪﻈﻔﺤﻣ تراﺮﺣ ﻪﺟرد 280
و داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد
ﻦﯾﻻﺮﻔﺴﻧاﺮﺗ تراﺮﺣ ﻪﺟرد 290
ﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﻈﻨﺗ داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟرد .
زﺎﮔ
ﻻﺎﺑ صﻮﻠﺧ ﻪﺟرد ﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺣ زﺎﮔ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ مﻮﯿﻠﻫ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . نﻮﯿﺳاﺰﯿﻧﻮﯾ يژﺮﻧا 70
دﻮﺑ ﺖﻟو نوﺮﺘﮑﻟا .
ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هﺪﻨﻫد ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ يرادزﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
5
ﻒﯿﻃ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ و نآ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ و تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻣﺮﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﻒﯿﻃ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﮐ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﯽﻣﺮﺟ ﻪﻧﺎﯾار يﺎﻫ
ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﻊﺟاﺮﻣ و يا
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ]
20 .[
2 - 5 - ﻞﻨﻓ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا
ﻪﺑ ﯽﺠﻨﺳ ﮓﻧر ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻞﮐ ﻞﻨﻓ ياﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ﻮﺘﻟﺎﮐﻮﯿﺳ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﻓ شور .
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﮏﯾ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ اﺪﺘﺑا
ﺲﭙﺳ و ﻪﯿﻬﺗ لﻮﻧﺎﺗا رد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ 15
ﺮﺘﯿﻟوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
ﺎﺑ ار ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺮﻫ زا 1185
و ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮﺘﯿﻟوﺮﮑﯿﻣ 75
ﺮﺘﯿﻟوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
ﻮﻓ فﺮﻌﻣ ﻮﺘﻟﺎﮐﻮﯿﺳ ﻦﯿﻟ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ و هدﺮﮐ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ 6
2 ﺎﺗ 3 رد ﻪﻘﯿﻗد
ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ قﺎﺗا يﺎﻣد .
ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد 225
ﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺮﺘﯿﻟوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
تﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐ
% 20 ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ .
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ نداد نﺎﮑﺗ زا ﺲﭘ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاو مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ،ﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ 20
رد ﻪﻘﯿﻗد
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ قﺎﺗا يﺎﻣد .
ﻮﻤﻧ يرﻮﻧ بﺬﺟ نﺎﯾﺎﭘ رد ﻪﻧ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ
ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓوﺮﺘﮑﭙﺳا )
T80+ UV/VIS Spectrophotometer
( رد
مﺮﮔ رد ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﻟﺎﮔ مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ و هﺪﻧاﻮﺧ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ 760 ﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ]
21 .[
2 - 6 - ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
شور ﻪﺑ
7
DPPH
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻟﺎﮑﯾدار ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﯾا رد ،
ﺎﺑ
لﺎﮑﯾدار زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا راﺪﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﯿﻫاﺮﺑا شور ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ DPPH
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫو هداز لﺎﺳ رد
2011 ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
2 زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ار ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ 2
ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﯽﻟﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ )
100
رﻻﻮﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ (
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ طﻮﻠﺨﻣDPPH .
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ
2 ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
5. Retention time 6. Folin Ciocalteu
7. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
ﺎﺑ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ لﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ 2
ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ
DPPH ﯾدﺮﮔ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺪ.
لﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ زا ﻢﻫ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ندﺮﮐ ﺮﻔﺻ ياﺮﺑ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
زا ﺪﻌﺑ
30 رد يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد و ﯽﮑﯾرﺎﺗ
ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻣد رد ،
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ بﺬﺟ
جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد 517
ﺪﺷ هﺪﻧاﻮﺧ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ زا ﯽﺘﻈﻠﻏ ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧرد و
ﯽﻟﺎﮑﯾدار رﺎﻬﻣ ﺪﺻرد ياراد ﻪﮐ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا 50
ﺎﯾ دﻮﺑ ﺪﺻرد )
IC50
(
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ رادﻮﻤﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ .
ﺳا ﯽﻬﯾﺪﺑ دﺪﻋ ﻦﯾا ﻪﭼ ﺮﻫ ﺖ
دازآ يﺎﻫ لﺎﮑﯾدار رﺎﻬﻣ ﺎﯾ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﯽﺘﻧآ ترﺪﻗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﮑﭼﻮﮐ ،
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 22 [.
2 - 7 - ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
شور ﻪﺑ
ﯽﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺎﯿﺣا ترﺪﻗ
و يرﺎﻨﮐ هداز ﻞﯿﻋﺎﻤﺳا شور ﻪﺑ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ناﺰﯿﻣ لﺎﺳ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 2014
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
5/
2 ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﺎﺑ ار ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ 5/
2 ﻪﺗﺎﻔﺴﻓ ﺮﻓﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 2/
0 ﺎﺑ رﻻﻮﻣ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ pH 6/
6 و 5/
2 لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 1
ﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺪﺻرد يﺮﻓ ﻢﯿ
ﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺪﯿﻧﺎﯿﺳ .
يﺎﻣد رد 50 د ر تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ داﺮﮔ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﺟ 20
ﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ،
ﺲﭙﺳ 5/
2 يﺮﺗ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺘﺳاوﺮﻠﮐ ﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺎﻫ
دﻮﺷ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻣ ﺶﻨﮐاو ﺎﺗ ﺪ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺲﭙﺳ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
8 ژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد رد ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 3000
رود
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد .
ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا مﺎﻤﺗا زا ﺲﭘ 5
زا ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
ﺎﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ يﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ 5
و ﺪﺷ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 1
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 1/
0 ﺎﺿا نآ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯾاﺮﻠﮐ ﮏﯾﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓ
. ﺲﭙﺳ
ﻣ بﺬﺟ جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد لﻮﻠﺤ 700
ﻧ ﺪﺷ ﺖﺋاﺮﻗ ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎ ]
23 [.
2 - 8 - ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ يرﺎﻣآ
هداد يرﺎﻣآ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺨﺴﻧ spss
19 ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﺰﯿﻟﺎﻧآ و ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ حﺮﻃ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ و
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ﮏﯾ .
ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ،راﺮﮑﺗ ﻪﺳ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﻦﮑﻧاد نﻮﻣزآ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ نﺎﻨﯿﻤﻃا
99 ﺖﻓﺮﯾﺬﭘ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﺻرد .
3 - ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
3 - 1 - جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا هدزﺎﺑ
ود زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ و ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ شور جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
لوﺪﺟ رد 1
ﯽﻣ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ددﺮﮔ
. نﺎﻣز
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﺎﺑ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا )
5/
0 ﺳ ﺖﻋﺎ ( ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ شور زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ
بآ ﺎﺑ ) 4 ﺳ ﺖﻋﺎ ( ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ ﯽﻟو دﻮﺑ رد يﺮﯿﮔ
لﺎﯿﺳ شور
ﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ ﯽ )
% 3/
8 ( ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ زا ﯿﻄﻘﺗ شور ﺮ
بآ ﺎﺑ )
% 5/
2 ( ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ
ﯽﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﯾا يرﺎﻣآ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا دﻮﺑ راد
) 01 /0 .(P ≤ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﯾا زا
شور ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ار يﺮﺘﻬﺑ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ
داد نﺎﺸﻧ دﻮﺧ زا بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ .
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا SCF
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
يﺎﻣورآ HD ﺪﻨﺗ ﺮﺗ و ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ي ﺖﺷاد ﺮﺗزﻮﮑﺴﯾو و دﻮﺑ
، ﻪﮐ ﺪﯾﺎﺷ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻦﯾا نآ ماﻮﻗ ﺖﻠﻋ ،
ﻦﯾزر و ﯽﺑﺮﭼ و مﻮﻣ
رد ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا SCF
دﻮﺷ . ﯽﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور رد
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ ﺎﺑ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ نزو
، يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا
و بﺮﭼ ﻞﮑﺷ ﯽﻣﻮﻣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد رد ﻪﮐ
ﻄﻘﺗ شور ﺮﯿ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺖﯾ ﯽﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا دﻮﺷ
ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد.
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻣ فﺎﻔﺷ و هدﻮﺑ ﺮﺗ ﻖﯿﻗر HD
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
Table 1. Characteristic of the orange peel oil obtained by two different methods
Different letters within the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.01).
colour texture
Yield ) v/w % ( Time
) h ( Extraction
methods
colourless liquid fluid and Little
Viscose 8/3a
0.5b SCF
colourless
liquid fluid and clear
2/5b 4a
HD
3 - 2 - ود زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
ﮐ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ شور ﯽﻓاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮ
يزﺎﮔ ﯽﻣﺮﺟ –
رد ﺰﺟ ﺮﻫ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هﺪﻨﻫد ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ لوﺪﺟ 2 و 3 ﺖﺳا هﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺋارا .
ﯽﻠﮑﻟا تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
%) 75 / 2 ( يﺪﯿﻣآ و
%) 76 / 6 ( ﯽﻨﯿﻣآ و
يدﺎﯾز
%) 86 / 12 ( زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد ﺪﺷ هﺪﯾد SCF
.
Table 2 Chemical compounds of orange peel essential oil is extracted by Supercritical fluid
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻀﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ نﺎﻤﻫ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ،جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا شور رد توﺎﻔﺗ دﻮﺷ
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هﺪﻨﻫد ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ توﺎﻔﺗ .
هﺪﻤﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ
ﯽﻨﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﻦﭘﺮﺗﻮﻧﻮﻣ ،ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ود ﺮﻫ رد هﺪﻨﻫد ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ) ﻦﻧﻮﻤﯿﻟ يد (
ﯽﻣ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد نآ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ زا
HD
%) 58 / 86 ( شور زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
%) SCF 71 / 69 ( دﻮﺑ . لﻮﻨﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ ﯽﻟو
رد
%) SCF 49 / 1 ( زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
%) HD 03 / 0 ( ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
Table 3 Chemical compounds of orange peel essential oil is extracted by Hydrodistillation
3 - 4 - ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ زا ﯽﻠﮐ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ
IC850
هﺪﺷ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا
ود ﺮﻫ ﺴﺣ ﺮﺑ شور مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺐ
لوﺪﺟ رد ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ 4
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
نﻮﻣزآ رد
،DPPH IC50
رﺎﻬﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا ﯽﺘﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﮕﻧﺎﯿﺑ
50
دازآ يﺎﻫ لﺎﮑﯾدار ﺪﺻرد ﻮﻣ DPPH
ﯽﻣ زﺎﯿﻧ در ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﻢﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
8. half maximal inhibitory concentration
% Rt(min) compound
Monoterpene Hydrocarbon
69.71 9.08 D-Limonene
Amides compounds
1.01 4.23
Acetamide
5.71 47.07
Propanamide
Alcohols
2.40 15.68
Thiophene-3-ol
0.35 31.30
1-Propanol
Amine compounds
5.76 8.58
Cathine
2.40 12.73
2-Ethoxyamphetamine
2.79 16.39
Phenylpropanolamine
1.12 45.87
3-Ethoxyamphetamine
0.79 62.83
sec-Butylamine
Other compounds
0.19 5.66
semicarbazide
0.44 12.29
Benzaldehyde
1.49 31.46
Phenol
2.20 34.93
12-Methylaminolauric acid
2.29 38.65
Dodecanoic acid
% Rt(min) compound
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons
1.06 5.99 alpha.- Pinene
0.01 6.42 Camphene
1.21 7.21 Sabinene
2.36 7.83 beta.-Myrcene
86.58 9.67 D-Limonene
0.42 10.11 DELTA. 3 CARENE
0.14 11.52
ALPHA.-TERPINOLENE
0.17 15.24
gamma.-Terpinene
0.08 17.66
BETA.-PINENE
Oxygenated Monoterpene Hydrocarbons 2.36 7.83
Octanal
0.22 11.00 1-Octanol
2.05 12.09
Linalool
0.14 14.33 CITRONELLAL
0.85 16.52
Decanal
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons
0.29 15.84 beta.-Phellandrene
0.29 19.42 2,6-Octadiena
0.07 23.66 alpha.-Cubebene
0.11 24.31 beta.-Cubebene
0.04 27.24 trans-.beta.-Farnesene
0.14 28.49 Valencene
0.03 29.41 alpha.-Farnesene
0.07 29.77 beta.-cadinene
Amine compounds
0.01 30.63 Phenylpropanolamine
0.01 39.96
Cathine
0.01 51.57
Phenethylamine
Other compounds
0.03 23.17
Phenol
0.05 36.76
Acetamide
ناﺰﯿﻣ IC50
) ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
( ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 98 / 35 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﺶﯿﺑ و ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ناﺰﯿﻣ IC50
) ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ﻢﮐ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
( ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 97 / 67 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
شور ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ
بآ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . نﻮﻣزآ رد
زا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﯽﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐﺎﯿﺣا ترﺪﻗ IC50
ﻈﻠﻏ
ﺘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا بﺬﺟ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽ
ﺪﺳﺮﺑ ﻢﯿﻧ ﻪﺑ .
هداد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯾز لوﺪﺟ رد هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا يﺎﻫ
،
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور رد لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
، ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ IC50
ﻨﻨﮐﺎﯿﺣا ترﺪﻗ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ و
ﺖﺳا هداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ار ﯽﮔﺪ
ﯽﻣ ﻢﮐ فﻼﺘﺧا ﻦﯾا ﺪﻨﭼﺮﻫ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
،
ﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ شور ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ار يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﯽﻧاﺮ
ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يرﺎﻣآ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا توﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ دﻮﺧ زا بآ دﻮﺑ راد ) 01 / 0 .(P ≤
Table 4 Antioxidant activity of orange peel essential oil by two different methods
Different letters within the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.01).
4 - ﺚﺤﺑ
ﯽﻣ ،يﺮﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ شور بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ و هدزﺎﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
هﺎﯿﮔ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﯽﺘﻧآ داﻮﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ار
ﺪﻫد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا يﺮﯿﮕﻤﺸﭼ .
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
شور شور زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ SCF
دﻮﺑHD . تﺎﺷراﺰﮔ اﺮﻓ
ﯽﻧاو
، ﯽﻨﺒﻣ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺮﺑ )
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ (
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
شور ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور
ارا بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋ
ﺖﺳا ، ﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻪﮐ دراد ﺖﻘﺑﺎﻄ
] 27 -
24
، 17 [.
نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻞﯿﻟد شور رد
ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ﯽﺘﻨﺳ يﺎﻫ
بآ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻦﯾا نداد تراﺮﺣ ﯽﻧﻻﻮﻃ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ،راﺮﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﯿﺨﺒﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ مزﻻ يﺎﻣد ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺖﺳد زا تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا
،ﺪﻧور يﺮﺘﺳا و عﺎﺒﺷا ﺮﯿﻏ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ يژﺮﻧا ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻒﻠﺗ يدﺎﯾز نﺎﻣز و ]
28 [ . ﺪﯿﺴﮐا يد
ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻦﺑﺮﮐ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺒﻄﻗﺮﯿﻏ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ياﺮﺑ لﻼﺣ ﻦﯾ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
] 29 [،
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﻓا ﻪﺑ ﮏﻤﮐ دﻮﺧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ دراد ﯽﺒﻄﻗ ﺮﯿﻏ و ﯽﻨﻏور ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ ﻢﻫ ﺶﯾاﺰ
ﯽﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا هدزﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﮐ
. ﺮﻈﻧ زا جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
يژﺮﻧا شور رد نﺎﻣز و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هﺪﯾد SCF
ﻞﮐ ﻪﮐ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
شور رد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺮﯿﺨﺒﺗ ﻞﻤﻋ ياﺮﺑ مزﻻ نﺎﻣز ,SCF
30 دﻮﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد
،
ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗرﻮﺻرد شور رد
، HD 30 ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ندﺮﮐ مﺮﮔ
1
و بآ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ 100
ردﻮﭘ مﺮﮔ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ
يﺎﻣد ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر ياﺮﺑ لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ نآ زا ﺲﭘ و جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
210 و بآ ﺮﯿﺨﺒﺗ ياﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
مزﻻ دﻮﺑ . Pereira و Meireles لﺎﺳ رد
2007 ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ
ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور ﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
،دﻮﺑ بآ ﺎﺑ تاﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﻪﭼﺮﮔا
زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ SCF ﯽﻣ HD
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
،
ﺮﺗ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار و ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﯾﺰﻫ ﯽﻟو و
يژﺮﻧا فﺮﺼﻣ رد ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
شور شور ﻪﮐ هﺪﺷ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ HD
شور زا ﺮﺘﻬﺑ SCF ياﺮﺑ HD
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ]
13 [ . رد ﺮﯿﺧا تﻻﻮﺤﺗ يروآ ﻦﻓ
جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﯽﻣ شور ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
شور ﻦﯾﺰﮕﯾﺎﺟ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﻤﻌﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا يﺎﻫ
. هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
يﺎﻣورآ ﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ نوﺪﺑ و ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ نوﺪﺑ و ،بآ و ﺎﻣﺮﮔ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ تا
ﮏﻤﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ و لﻼﺣ هﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﻗﺎﺑ و ﯽﻟآ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻗ ،ﯽﻟآﺮﯿﻏ دﻮﺷ
] 30 .[
ﻦﯾا رد ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ماﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ
ﮏﯾرﻮﻟ ﺪﯿﺳا مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ )
ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺋﻮﻧﺎﮐدود (
رد ،
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮐ هﺪﺷ هﺪﯾد SCF
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ و Khan رﺎﮑﻤﻫ نا
لﺎﺳ رد 2013 دراد ﺖﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ ، ]
31 [.
ﯽﻣ بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا ﻦﯾا رﻮﻀﺣ -
مﻮﻣ رﻮﻀﺣ ﺮﺑ ﻞﯿﻟد ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﺑﺮﭼو ﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ . ،ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ
لﺎﺳ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و Saha 2016
ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﺘﯾزﻮﮑﺴﯾو ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ SCF
ﺖﻠﻌﺑ HD
مﻮﻣ رﻮﻀﺣ ﻊﻗاورد ،هدﻮﺑ ﻦﯿﮕﻨﺳ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ و ﺎﻫ
GC/MS رﻮﻀﺣ
Antioxidant activity (IC50)
Phenol
) mg/g GAE ( DPPH
) mg/ml ( Reducing power
) mg/ml ( Extraction
methods
0.24a 35/98b
18/34b
SCF
0.16b 67/97a
18/56a HD
رد ار بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا مﻮﻣ دﻮﺟو ﺮﺑ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ SCF
ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ رد تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو HD
] 32 .[
دﻮﺟو ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭼ ﻢﻫ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﻪﮐ دراد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ هﺪﻤﻋ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﻧﻮﻤﯿﻟ يد
رد
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 34 33, [ و ﺪﻘﻣ را تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﭘﺮﺗﻮﻧﻮﻣ
ﯽﻨﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد
زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ HD ﯽﻣ SCF
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 35 [ .
يد دﻮﺟو ﺖﻠﻌﺑ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺖﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﯽﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هﺪﻤﻋ ياﺰﺟا ﻪﮐ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻦﻧﻮﻤﯿﻟ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
] 36 [ . ﻢﻫ
ﻦﯿﻨﭼ
، Fellah نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ
رد ﻦﺳﺮﯿﻣ و ﻦﻔﻣﺎﮐ
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺗرﻮﺻ رد ﺪﺷ هﺪﯾد HD
ﯽ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ
رد ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ رﻮﻀﺣ SCF .
نآ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺎﻫ
و بﺮﭼ يﺎﻫﺪﯿﺳا ،ﺎﻫﺮﺘﺳا ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ نزو ﺎﺑ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻞﮑﻟا ﺎﻫ ﺲﮐاو ﺎﻫ شور رد ﯽﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا SCF
تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻟو ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
رد ﯽﻨﺑﺮﮐورﺪﯿﻫ ﯽﻣ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ HD
دﻮﺷ . تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻨﯿﻣآ
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد يدﺎﯾز هﺪﯾد SCF
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ] 37
، 38 [.
ﻖﺒﻃ
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ماﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ و ﻮﺘﻟﺎﮐﻮﯿﺳ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﻓ نﻮﻣزآ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد لﻮﻨﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ شور زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ SCF
ﯽﻣ HD -
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد ﻪﮐ ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ لﻮﻨﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا
ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺑﺎﯾ
] 36 [ . شور ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ﯽﺘﻨﺳ يﺎﻫ
) (HD و
ﻦﯾﻮﻧ ) (SCF ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ، نﻮﻣزآ
ﯽﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺎﯿﺣا ترﺪﻗ و DPPH ،
IC50
ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ) ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
( زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ
ﯽﻣ SCF ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ تﺎﺷاراﺰﮔ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﯾﺎﺗ ور ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
] 35 [.
ﻊﻗاو رد ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ
،ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ و ﯽﯾﻮﮔﺮﭽﻣ
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ) 2014 ( شور ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻪﻧﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رد ،
ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ و ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ
، ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ
يﺮﯿﮔ شور ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ
%) 3/
4 ( شور زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ
%) 2/
2 ( راﺪﻘﻣ و دﻮﺑ IC50
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا SCF
) 02 mg/l / 44 ( شور زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ) HD
29 mg/l / 105 ( دﻮﺑ
ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧرد ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
شور رد ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ دﻮﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ شور زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ DPPH
] 39 [ .
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺢﻧاد ﻦﯿﻨﭼ ﻢﻫ و )
2013 ( ﯽﯾﺎﻤﯿﺷ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ،
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ و ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا سودﻮﺧﻮﻄﺳا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ و ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧ
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور رد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ
%) 68 / 6 ( شور زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ
%) 57 /4 ( ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و دﻮﺑ ﺪﺿ
ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا شور ﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رﺎﻬﻣ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ DPPH
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا لﺎﮑﯾدار
%) 63 ( زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ شور
%) 48 ( دﻮﺑ ] 30 [.
ﺑ ﯽﻟو زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎ
و Saha لﺎﺳ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ 2016
رد ﯽﻣ دﺎﻀﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
، ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻫ
و Saha جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﺰﺒﺳ هﺮﯾز ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ و ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ لﺎﯿﺳ شور رد جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا نﺎﻣز و يﺮﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا هدزﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﯿﺳر ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ
% 71 / 1 و شور رد و ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﻢﯿﻧ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ
% 72 /0 و 3 ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﺗ رد ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
دﻮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ،
ﺎﺑ ﻞﻨﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ يﺮﯿﮔ هزاﺪﻧا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﯽﻟو
زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻞﻨﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻮﺘﻟﺎﮐﻮﯿﺳ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﻓ شور رد ،هدﻮﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ شور ﺘﻧ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا رد ﻪﺠﯿ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
شور ﻪﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا DPPH
و FRAP لﺎﯿﺳ شور ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗورﺪﯿﻫ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ دﻮﺧ زا ار يﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
دﻮﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ دﺎﻀﺗ رد ]
32 .[
ﯽﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﮐ
دﺎﻔﺘﺳا جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ه
. ا ﻦﺑﺮﮐ ﺪﯿﺴﮐا يد ﻪﭼﺮﮔ
ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﻪﺑ يﻮﻗ ﯽﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻞﯿﻣ دراد نﮋﯿﺴﮐا ﻪﺑ ﯽﻔﯿﻌﺿ ﻞﯿﻣ و ﺎﻫ
ﺎﺑ ﯽﻟو
لﻼﺣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و لﻮﻧﺎﺗا ﻞﺜﻣ ﯽﮑﻤﮐ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ لﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ناﻮﺗ
دﺮﮐ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ار يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧﮋﯿﺴﮐا .
لﻼﺣ راﺪﻘﻣ و عﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺲﭘ
شور رد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و دراد ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﯽﮑﻤﮐ رد رﺎﺸﻓ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ SCF
يﺎﻣد ﮏﯾ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ ﻦﺑﺮﮐ ﺪﯿﺴﮐا يد لﻼﺣ ترﺪﻗ ،ﻦﯿﻌﻣ
لﻼﺣ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺒﻄﻗ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﮑﻤﮐ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﺑ ﺲﭘ دﻮﺷ
جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻪﻨﯿﻬﺑ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ دراد ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑ SCF
. ندﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺖﻠﻋ
ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ
SCF
ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ رﻮﻀﺣ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ لﻮﻨﻓ دﻮﺟو ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ناواﺮﻓ
ياراد تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
ﺮﮔ هو ﻦﯿﻣآ يﺎﻫ ﺰﯿﻧ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ رد ﻪﮐ فاﺮﮔﻮﺗﺎﻣوﺮﮐ زا ﻞﺻﺎ
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﮐ نآ لﺎﺣ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هﺪﯾد زا ﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ HD راﺪ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺋﺰﺟ ﯽﻠﯿﺧ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﯽﺗﺎﺷراﺰﮔ ﯽﻧاواﺮﻓ
ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺒﻣ
ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
ﯽﻨﯿﻣآ دراد دﻮﺟو ]
43 - 40 .[
5 - يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ
ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد شور
نﺎﺸﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻦﯾﻮﻧ و ﯽﺘﻨﺳ يﺎﻫ
ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ شور زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ،داد راﺪﻘﻣ
ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ و ﻞﮐ ﻞﻨﻓ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ
و هدزﺎﺑ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ار
دراد بآ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ شور ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ .
شور ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا قﻮﻓ لﺎﯿﺳ
ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ ﺖﺴﯾز ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ و يژﺮﻧا فﺮﺼﻣ و هدﻮﺑ ﻊﯾﺮﺳ
دراد ﯽﻨﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد
ﯽﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ يﺮﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ياﺮﺑ دﻮﺷ
. ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﺪﻧﺎﻤﺴﭘ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا و لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ دﺎﯾز ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
،لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ زا ﯽﺘﻌﻨﺻ فرﺎﺼﻣ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد دﺎﯾز و
ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا ﺪﺿ نآ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﯽﺘﻧآ و
ﯽﻣ ، ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ فرﺎﺼﻣ ياﺮﺑ ناﻮﺗ
ﺖﺴﺟ هﺮﻬﺑ ﯽﯾوراد و .
6 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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Comparison of chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils of orange peel in two ways supercritical fluid
extraction and hydro distillation
Dehghan, B. 1, Esmaeilzadeh Kenari, R. 2, Raftani Amiri, Z. 2
1. Master student of food science and technology, sari agricultural sciences and natural resources university 2. Associated Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, sari agricultural sciences and natural
resources university
(Received: 2017/02/25 Accepted:2017/06/23)
In this research, the effect of two methods of namely extraction (supercritical fluid) and traditional extraction (distillation with water) on the yield, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil of orange peel were studied. The whole process in the traditional method took longer than the new method and generally the yields of obtained essential oil by supercritical fluids (8.3%) was more than water distillation method (2.5%) respectively and chemical composition of essential oils was identified and the percentage of compounds was measured using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry.
According to the results of chromatography, D-limonene which is the main composition of essential oil of orange peel had the highest frequency in both methods compared to the other components of the essential oil. But the amount of D-limonene in extractions by distillation method (86.58%) was more than supercritical fluids method (69.71%) respectively. However, according to the chromatogram, the amount of phenol in the essential oil of supercritical fluids (1.49%) was more than distillation method (0.03%), which is in accordance with the phenol comparison in the Folin-Ciocalteu test. Then the antioxidant activity of essential oils was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging methods and reducing ability.
Finally, essential oil of supercritical fluids, showed a higher antioxidant activity than water distillation. In other words, the lowest IC50 (the highest antioxidant activity) is equal to 35.98 mg/ml in DPPH method of supercritical fluid extraction method.
Key words: Essential oils of orange peel, Supercritical fluid, Hydro distillation, Antioxidant activity.
Corresponding author E-Mail Address: [email protected]
