ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ صاﻮﺧ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ لﺎﻌﻓ يوﺎﺣ
شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
) Origanum majorana L.
( دازآ و هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد رد نآ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا و
لﺮﺘﻨﮐ دﺎﺴﻓ
ﺮﯿﻨﭘ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ
يﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻪﯿﻧﺎﻫ ﻮﻠﭼرﺎﺟ
سﻮﺑﺎﻗ ﯽﻨﯿﺴﺣ ﻦﯿﺴﺣ ﺪﯿﺳ ،1 2
ﯽﺳﺎﻤﻟا يدﺎﻫ ،* 3
1 - ناﺮﯾا ،ﺮﻬﺷدازآ ،ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﺮﻬﺷدازآﺪﺣاو ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ يﺮﺘﮐد يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد .
2 - رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا ناﺮﯾا ،ﺮﻬﺷدازآ ،ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﺮﻬﺷدازآﺪﺣاو ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ .
3 - رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ناﺮﯾا ،ﻪﯿﻣورا ،ﻪﯿﻣورا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،يزروﺎﺸﮐ هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ ﯽﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ و مﻮﻠﻋ هوﺮﮔ .
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﮑﭼ
ﯿ هﺪ
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺎﻫ ﺦ ي ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ :
رﺎﺗ ﯾ رد ﺦ ﯾ ﺖﻓﺎ : 09 / 04 / 1401
رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺬﭘ ﺦ ﯾ شﺮ : 19 / 05 / 1401
نورد و دازآ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ دﻮﺑ هﺪﺷ . ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ يﺎﻫ
) نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣاﻮﻧﺎﻧ (
ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و )
ﮓﻨﯾﺮﮑﯿﭘ
ﺮﯿﻨﭘ بآ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﻪﻟوﺰﯾا ﺎﺑ نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣا (
و ﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد حﻮﻄﺳ رد
3،1 و 5 رد ﯽﻧزو ﺪﺻرد
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ .
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻦﯿﻤﻫ رد ﺰﯿﻧ دازآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
.
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو لﺪﻣ رد ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷر لﺮﺘﻨﮐ رد نآ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ و لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ
ﺮﯿﻨﭘ
يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﯽﻃ ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ 9
هزور ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا درﻮﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ
. نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ داد ﻢﻠﯿﻓ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ،دازآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ يﺎﻫ
، ﺎﻣا
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا نورد
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﻨﻣ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ
) p<0/05 .(
ﻠﯿﻓ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎﯾدزا و ﮓﻧﺎﯾ لوﺪﻣ ،ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻢ
ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
نورد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ دازآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﮑﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ،هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻘﺗرا ﺎﻫ .
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯽﻠﮐ شرﺎﻤﺷ
يﺎﻫ E.coli و L. monocytogenes
ﺮﯿﻨﭘ رد ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺰﻣﺮﻗ
داد ﻪﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ رد ﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر ،ﺎﻫ
يﺮﺘﮐ نﺎﻣز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﻪﺘﺷاد يدﻮﻌﺻ ﺪﻧور ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ )
p<0.05 .(
ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ رد ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد .
رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد ﻞﮑﺷ رد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﯽﻠﮐ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ،هﺪﺷ
ﯽﻣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪﺑ رد ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷر لﺮﺘﻨﮐ رد و دﻮﺷ
ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓﺮﯿﻨﭘ
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و ﺖﺳا ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ .
ﻠﮐ تﺎﻤﻠﮐ ﯿ ﺪ ي :
،لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ
،ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ،شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
،ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ صاﻮﺧ
،ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓﺮﯿﻨﭘ .
DOI: 10.22034/FSCT.19.130.121
DOR: 20.1001.1.20088787.1401.19.130.11.0
تﺎﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ لﻮﺌﺴﻣ
ناﺮﯾا ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ و مﻮﻠﻋ ﻪﻠﺠﻣ
www.fsct.modares.ac.ir:ﻪﻠﺠﻣ ﺖﯾﺎﺳ
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻤﻠﻋ ﯽ ﺸﻫوﮋﭘ_ ﯽ
1 - ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﺮﯿﻨﭘ و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ راﺪﻓﺮﻃ
ﻪﮐﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ
دﺎﺴﻓ ﺪﻧراد ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ .
شور زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻮﭘ ،ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷر لﺮﺘﻨﮐ و يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ ﺶﺷ
ﯽﻫد
ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ يور ﺮﺑ ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺿ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺖﺳا ]1 [ . هﺪﺷ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺮﯿﻏ رﺎﺸﺘﻧا ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺎﻣا ﻪﺑ داﻮﻣ ﻦﯾا ي
ﺮﻓ ﻞﺧاد هدروآ زا ﯽﺸﺨﺑ نﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﯿﻏ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ
ﻦﯾا ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻨﮐاو ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ لﺎﻌﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا شور ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ . ﻢﻠﯿﻓ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﺿ لﺎﻌﻓ داﻮﻣ يوﺎﺣ ﯽﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ
اﺮﯾز دﻮﺷ ﻊﻗاو ﺪﯿﻔﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻣ ﻞﺧاد ﻪﺑ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺘﺴﻫآ يزﺎﺳﺎﻫر ﻪﺑﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ لﻮﺼﺤ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻪﺑ و هﺪﺷ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺿ داﻮﻣ يﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﮏﻤﮐ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺪﻨﮐ
] 2 [ . ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﻣ ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
ا هدﺮﺘﺴﮔ عاﻮﻧا ز ﯽﻠﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ يﺮﻤﯿﻠﭘﻮﯿﺑ داﻮﻣ زا يا
،ﺎﻫﺪﯾرﺎﮐﺎﺳ
ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ هدﺎﻣآ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ و ﺎﻫ ]
3 [ ، رد ﻪﮐ ،ﻦﯿﺑ ﻦﯾا
ﯿﻓ ﻢﻠ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو رد ،بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ يدﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ يﺎﻫ رد ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ و بﻮﺧ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ،ندﻮﺑ سﺮﺘﺳد
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ نﮋﯿﺴﮐا ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ]
4 [.
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ياﺮﺑ هزوﺮﻣا ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا زا ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ يرﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣ نﺎﻣز ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ دﻮﺷ
] 5 [ . ﯽﻤﻠﻋ مﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ هﺎﯿﮔ
Origanum majorana L.
هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ زا ﺮﻄﻌﻣ ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ي
ﯽﻣ نﺎﯿﻋﺎﻨﻌﻧ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ندﻮﺑ اراد ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ هﺎﯿﮔ ﻦﯾا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺋﻮﻨﭘﺮﺗ و ﺪﯿﺳﺎﮑﯿﻨﯾرﺎﻣزر ،لوﺮﮐاورﺎﮐ،لﻮﻤﯿﺗ هﮋﯾﻮﺑ ،ﯽﻟﻮﻨﻓ ﻞﯿﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ياراد ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ندوﺰﻓا ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺑﻮﺧ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ
ﺿ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ نﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ
هداد ﺖﺒﺴﻧ لوﺮﮐاورﺎﮐ و لﻮﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﺑ ار نآ ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑﺪﺿ ﺪﻧا
] 6 [.
دﻮﺟو ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ هزوﺮﻣا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد راﺮﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
زا ،ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘﺰﯾر ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ دﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ
تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ و ﺮﯿﺨﺒﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ﯽﻤﻌﻃ و ﺮﻄﻋ ياﺰﺟا زا ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ هﺪﺷ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺶﯾﺎﻫر و ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺲﮑﯾﺮﺗﺎﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ طﻼﺘﺧا ،بﺮﺨﻣ ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا دﻮﺷ
] 7 [ . ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ عاﻮﻧا زا ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد ياﺮﺑ
شور ﺎﻫ )
،ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ندﺮﮐ دﺮﺳ ،ﯽﺸﺷﺎﭘ ندﺮﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ
ﺶﺷﻮﭘ - ،يدﺎﻤﺠﻧا ندﺮﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ ،نژوﺮﺘﺴﮐا ،لﺎﯿﺳ ﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﯽﻫد
،يژﻮﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ نﻮﯿﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ يزﺎﺳاﺪﺟ ،نﻮﯿﺳاوﺮﺳاﻮﮐ شور
ﻮﮐ - نﻮﯿﺳاﺰﯿﻟﺎﺘﺴﯾﺮﮐ (
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ زا ﯽﻌﯿﺳو ﻒﯿﻃ و
هراﻮﯾد داﻮﻣ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ،ﺎﻫﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﯽﺑﺮﭼ و ﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا دﻮﺷ . و نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣاﻮﻧﺎﻧ نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣا ﮓﻨﯾﺮﮑﯿﭘ
زا لواﺪﺘﻣ
ﻦﯾﺮﺗ شور ﻫ زا لوا شور رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد يﺎ
ﺖﻧﺎﺘﮑﻓرﻮﺳ يﺎﻫﺮﻤﯿﻠﭘﻮﯿﺑ زا مود شور رد و لﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﺰﯾر يﺎﻫ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد ياﺮﺑ يﺪﯾرﺎﮐﺎﺳ ﯽﻠﭘ ﺎﯾ ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯽﻣ ﻮﺷ د . ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ درﻮﻣ رد ﯽﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ نﻮﻨﮐﺎﺗ ،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ يﺎﻫ
صاﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد و دازآ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻢﻠﯿﻓ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ دﺎﺴﻓ ﺮﺑ نآ ﺮﺛا ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا و مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ لﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ
لﺪﻣ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ
) ﺮﯿﻨﭘ ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و
ﺰﻣﺮﻗ (
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ ترﻮﺻ .
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﯾا زا فﺪﻫ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ يرﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ صاﻮﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ دﺎﺴﻓ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ رد نآ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا و هﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ لﺎﻌﻓ يﺎﻫ
لﺪﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ )
ﺮﯿﻨﭘ ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و
ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ( ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . زا
ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘﺰﯾر ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ يﺎﻫ
ﻧآ زا ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ نﻮﯿﺳﻻﻮﻣﺮﻓ رد ﺎﻬ
يدﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﯽﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ و ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا درﻮﻣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ .
2 - شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
2 - 1 - داﻮﻣ
هﺎﯿﮔ ،ﻪﯿﻣورا ﺰﮐﻮﻠﮔ ﺖﺴﭼ ﯽﭼ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ زا مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ ﺮﯿﻨﭘ ،ﻪﯿﻣورا ﯽﻠﺤﻣ رازﺎﺑ زا شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ نوﺪﺑ
ندوﺰﻓا
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﭻﯿﻫ داﻮﻣ ﻬﮕﻧ زا هﺪﻧراﺪ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﻊﯾﺎﻨﺻ ﺮﯿﺷ هﺎﮕﭘ و ﻪﯿﻣورا
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ وﺎﮔ هزﺎﺗ ﺰﯿﻧ زا رﺎﺘﺸﮐ زور ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ .
دﻮﺳ 0.1 ،لﺎﻣﺮﻧ
صﻮﻠﺧ ﺎﺑ لوﺮﺴﯿﻠﮔ 5/
99
% ،تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ ،تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ ،
تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﻦﯿﺋﻮﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﺘﮑﻓرﻮﺳ و
80 كﺮﻣ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺪﻧﺮﺑ زا
) نﺎﻤﻟآ ( ﺮﯿﻨﭘ بآ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﻪﻟوﺰﯾا و )
WPI1 ( ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺪﻧﺮﺑ زا ﻻرآ
) كرﺎﻤﻧاد ( ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يراﺪﯾﺮﺧ .
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ Escherichia
ATCC 25922) (
و coli Listeria
ATCC 2283) (
monocytogenes ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ زا
ناﺮﯾا ﮏﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯿﺑ )
(IBRC ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يراﺪﯾﺮﺧ .
1 Whey Protein Isolated
2 - 2 - نورد و شﻮــﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎــﺳا جاﺮﺨﺘــﺳا
نآ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ
جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ياﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﮕﺘﺳد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﯽﺑآ ﺮﯿﻄﻘﺗ شور زا هﺎ
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻧﻮﻠﮐ 4
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺖﻋﺎﺳ .
ﺎﺑ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ
1:2
ﺎﺑ بآ طﻮﻠﺨﻣ هﺪﺷ و ﺺﻟﺎﺧ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد ،يزﺎﺳ
يﺎﻣد 4 ﻪﺸﯿﺷ رد تﺎﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا نﺎﻣز ﺎﺗ سﻮﯿﺴﻠﯿﺳ ﻪﺟرد
ﯽﻣﻮﯿﻨﯿﻣﻮﻟآ ﻞﯾﻮﻓ ﺎﺑ تﺎﻣ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ
] 8 [.
ياﺮﺑ نورد ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ
ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ زا
شور هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣاﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺪﺷ
. ﻦﯾﺪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﮐ 50
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ مﺮﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا و 80 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﻮﺋﺎﮐﺎﮐ هﺮﮐ مﺮﮔ رد
طﻮﻠﺨﻣ 5 ﯽﺳ
،ﯽﺳ 1 1: لﻼﺣ يد نﺎﺘﻣوﺮﻠﮐ و لﻮﻧﺎﺘﻣ ﻞﺣ نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣا و ﺪﺷ
ﺪﺷ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﻪﯿﻟوا .
ﺖﻬﺟ ﺲﭙﺳ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
،نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣاﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ
تﺪﻣ 5
ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ بوﺮﭘ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺪﻧﻮﺳاﺮﺘﻟوا رﺎﻤﯿﺗ
تﻮﺻاﺮﻓ راﺮﻗ
ﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﮓﻧر يﺮﯿﺷ و راﺪﯾﺎﭘ نﻮﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣاﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ]
9 [.
ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد ا
شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ
ﻪﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ WPI شور
Hosseinnia نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
) 2017 ( ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ] 10 [ . ﻦﯾﺪﺑ
ﻪﮐ ترﻮﺻ 5 ﯽﺳ ﯽﺳ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ 2 % و ﻪﯿﻬﺗ WPI ﺲﭘ از 24
ﺖﻋﺎﺳ
،نﻮﯿﺳارﺪﯿﻫ راﺪﻘﻣ
50 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ مﺮﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ
نآ
ﻪﻓﺎﺿا و ﺲﭘ زا نژﻮﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ،ندﺮﮐ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا رﺰﯾﺎﻧژﻮﻤﻫ
ﮏﯿﻧﻮﺳاﺮﺘﻟوا ﺎﺑ
ناﻮﺗ 100 تاو و رد ﺲﻧﺎﮐﺮﻓ 20 ﻪﺑ ﺰﺗﺮﻫﻮﻠﯿﮐ
تﺪﻣ 5 ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﺪﺷ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺎﺗ لﻮﺴﭙﮐوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يﺎﻫ
WPI يوﺎﺣ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ دﻮﺷ .
2 - 3 - ﺑ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ شور مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮ
شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ
ﻪﯿﻬﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ
،ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ 6 مﺮﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ مﺪﻨﮔ رد 100 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
ﺮﺘﯿﻟ بآ ﺶﺨﭘ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ و
ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا دﻮﺳ 1/
0 لﺎﻣﺮﻧ يورpH
11 ﻢﯿﻈﻨﺗ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﺲﭙﺳ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ تﺪﻣ 10 يﺎﻣد رد ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 70
و هداد تراﺮﺣ سﻮﯿﺴﻠﯿﺳ ﻪﺟرد
،نﺪﺷ ﮏﻨﺧ زا ﺲﭘ لوﺮﺴﯿﻠﮔ
ﻪﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ 35
% نزو ﻪﺑ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ناﻮﻨﻋ مﺮﻧ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺪﺷ و رد
ﻪﻣادا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ حﻮﻄﺳ رد هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد و دازآ
1 ، 3 و 5
% ) 0.4 - 0.8 - 1.2 مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ( ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﺲﭘ زا 10
ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﻢﻫ
،ندز لﻮﻠﺤﻣ يور ﺖﯿﻠﭘ ﯽﻠﭘ ﯽﻧﺮﯾﺎﺘﺳا 8 ﺖﻧﺎﺳ ﺶﺨﭘ
و يﺎﻣد رد قﺎﺗا ﮏﺸﺧ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 24 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ] 11 [.
2 - 4 - بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻢﻠﯿـﻓ ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ ،نﻮـﻣزآ مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ برد ﺖﻤـﺴﻗ رد و هﺪـﯾﺮﺑ ﺎـﻫ
لﺎﯾو يوﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ 3
تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ مﺮﮔ )
RH=0%
( هداد راﺮﻗ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ
. لﺎﯾو ﻢﯿـﺳﺎﺘﭘ يوﺎﺣ رﻮﺗﺎﮑﯿﺳد رد ،ﻪﯿﻟوا ﻦﯾزﻮﺗ زا ﺲﭘ ﺎﻫ
تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ) RH=97%
( بآ رﺎـﺨﺑ راﺪـﻘﻣ ،ﺲﭙﺳ و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ يﺎﺟ
ﯿﺴﻠﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ زا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ يور زا ،هﺪـﺷ بﺬﺟ تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻢ
لﺎﯾو ﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا نزو ﺪـﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﺎﻫ
. لﺎـﯾو تﺪـﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺎـﻫ 72
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ نزو ﻦﯿﻌﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز ﻞﺻاﻮﻓ رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ .
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ رﺎﺨﺑ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا
بآ ) g/m2h :WVTR (
ﺰﯿﻟﺎــﻧآ زا ﻞــﺻﺎﺣ ﺐﯿــﺷ يور زا
تﺪـﻣ رد ﻢﻠﯿـﻓ ﺢﻄـﺳ رد هﺪﺷ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﻣ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر راﺪﻘﻣ نﻮﯿﺳﺮﮔر ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺒـﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻦﯿﻌﻣ نﺎﻣز .
ﺲﭙـﺳ WVTR2 ﻢﻠﯿـﻓ
ياﺮـﺑ ﺎـﻫ
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ]
12 [.
WVTR : بآ رﺎﺨﺑ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﮓﻨﻫآ )
g/m2h ( ، :X ﺖﻣﺎﺨﺿ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ) (،m :A ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺖﺣﺎﺴﻣ )
m2 (
، : WVP يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ
بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ )
g.mm/m2. Pa. s (
:ΔP رﺎﺸﻓ فﻼﺘﺧا
لﺎﯾو رد ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﻧوﺮﯿﺑ و ﯽﻧورد ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﯿﺑ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﺎﻫ
) ΔP=3169Pa (
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
2 - 5 - ﯽﮑﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ صاﻮﺧ
ﮓﻧﺎﯾ لوﺪﻣ و ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎﯾدزا ،ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺞﻨﺳ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﻫ )
TA.TX.plus Texture
analyser (
هزاﺪﻧا ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ .
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ دﺎﻌﺑا رد ﻢﻠﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ cm
1
× 5 تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ و هﺪﯾﺮﺑ 48
ﯽﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 55
%
) تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ (
ﺪﻧﺪﯾدﺮﮔ طوﺮﺸﻣ ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻣد و .
ﻪﯿﻟوا ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ
ﮏﻓ ﺖﮐﺮﺣ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ و هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﮏﻓ ود ﻦﯿﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
mm
30 و mm/s 83
/0 دﻮﺑ . ﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﯾز ﻂﺑاور ﺎﺑ ﯽﮑ
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ :
ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ ،(m2) ﻢﻠﯿـﻓ ﯽـﺿﺮﻋ ﻊـﻄﻘﻣ ﺢﻄـﺳ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑA ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ رد وﺮﯿﻧ ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ )
(N ، ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﮔﺪﯿﺸﮐ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
ﯽﮔرﺎﭘ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ رد )
(m ، ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﯿﻟوا لﻮﻃ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ )
(m ، ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
وﺮﯿﻧ ) (N ، ﻐﺗ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ لﻮﻃ ﺮﯿﯿ )
(m ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
2 - 6 - ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ
لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺪﺷر ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ رد
لﺪﻣ
يﺎﻫ
ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ
شﺮﺑ ،ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷر لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﯿﻨﭘ زا ﯽﯾﺎﻫ
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ تﺎﻌﻄﻗ و ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ ﮏﯾ رد ﮏﯾ نﺎﺴﮑﯾ هزاﺪﻧا رد
ﻪﯿﻬﺗ
نﻮﯿﺴﻧﺎﭙﺳﻮﺳ زا و ﺪﺷ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ
ﺎﻫ ي E. coli و
L.
monocytogenes ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ
50 ﺮﺘﯿﻟوﺮﮑﯿﻣ يور ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﯾا ود
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻪﺘﺨﯾر و ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﺶﺨﭘ ﺎﺗ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﯿﻟوا
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ يور ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ دوﺪﺣ log CFU/g 5
ﺪﺳﺮﺑ .
ﯽﺗﺎﻌﻄﻗ ﺲﭙﺳ زا
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ لﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا ﺶﺑﺎﺗ رﻮﻧ UV
ﻞﯾﺮﺘﺳا و ﺮﺑ يور ﺢﻄﺳ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ راﺮﻗ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺪﺷ هداد
. رد
ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ رد ﻪﺴﯿﮐ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻠﭘ ﯽﻨﻠﯿﺗا راﺮﻗ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ و ﻪﺑ تﺪﻣ 9
زور رد يﺎﻣد يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ لﺎﭽﺨﯾ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ
و رد ﻞﺻاﻮﻓ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز 3
،هزور زا نآ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ يرادﺮﺑ ﺪﺷ و شرﺎﻤﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
ماﺪﮐﺮﻫ زا يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ مﺎﺠﻧا و ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ log CFU/g هدﺎﻣ
ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ شراﺰﮔ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ] 13 [.
2 - 7 - يرﺎﻣآ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ
نﻮﻣزآ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﻞﯾرﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد راﺮﮑﺗ ﻪﺳ رد ﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ًﻼﻣﺎﮐ حﺮﻃ .
هداد يرﺎﻣآ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﺎﻫ
راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ SPSS
ﻪﺨﺴﻧ 26 ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا . ﺖﻬﺟ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو يرﺎﻣآ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ﮏﯾ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ زا ﻢﻠﯿﻓ يﺎﻫ
) ANOVA (
ياﺮﺑ و ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو زا ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷر لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻓﺮﻃ ود .
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ زا ﺎﻫرادﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺳر ياﺮﺑ Excel
و
ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﮑﻧاد نﻮﻣزآ زا ﺎﻫ
. ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ
ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ و ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻪﺋارا رﺎﯿﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا ±
ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ نﺎﻨﯿﻤﻃا ﺢﻄﺳ رد يرﺎﻣآ يﺎﻫ 95
% ﺖﻓﺮﯾﺬﭘ مﺎﺠﻧا .
3 - ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
3 - 1 - بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ راﺪﻘﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
ﻞﮑﺷ رد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ 1
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ يور يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﺷاد ) p<0.05 .(
ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻢﻠﯿﻓ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ،دازآ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا .
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ و ﺎﻫ
ﺶﺷﻮﭘ و ﺖﺳوﺪﺑآ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ دﻮﺟو ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑاو ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ يﺎﻫ
نآ ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ و ﺰﯾﺮﮕﺑآ ﯽﻣ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺲﯾﺮﺗﺎﻣ رد ﺎﻫ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ] 14 [ . رد
ﺰﯾﺮﮕﺑآ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﯽﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ راﺪﻘﻣ رﻮﻀﺣ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا دازآ يﺎﻀﻓ ،شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ هﺎﯿﮔ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد ﯽﻟﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﺘﺷر ﻦﯿﺑ
ﻊﻄﻘﻣ زا بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﯽﻫد رﻮﺒﻋ ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ و هﺪﺷ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﺿﺮﻋ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﻫ
ﺰﯾﺮﮕﺑآ يﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ يوﺎﺣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ.
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ بﺮﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺘﻣ ﻪﻨﯿﻣآ ﺪﯿﺳا ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ار ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﻧاﻮﺘﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ
ﺮﯾﺬﭙﻧﺎﮑﻣا ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ رد ﺰﯾﺮﮕﺑآ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ،ﺪﻫد يﺎﺟ دﻮﺧ رد ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ] 15 [ . ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻓاﻮﺗ رد ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ Hashimi
- و Al
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ) 2020 ( ﮏﺨﯿﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻪﺘﺳﺎﺸﻧ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد .
،ﺮﮕﯾد فﺮﻃ زا دوﺰﻓا
نورد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ن ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ
رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ
) p<0.05 ( ] 16 [ . ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ناﺰﯿﻣ نورد ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺖﺳوﺪﺑآ هراﻮﯾد دﻮﺟو ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ ﺖﺳا ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﻊﯾزﻮﺗ ﺮﻤﯿﻠﭘ ﺲﯾﺮﺗﺎﻣ رد ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﻪﺑ و
ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﻞﯿﻟد
،مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺮﯾﺎﻔﯿﺴﻟﻮﻣا و WPI ﺮﺛا
ﻀﻓ و ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رد ﺎﻬﻧآ ﯽﻔﻨﻣ ﻪﺘﺷر ﻦﯿﺑ دازآ يﺎ
ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ار ﻦﯾا و ﺖﺳا رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻠﻣﺎﻋ ناﻮﺗ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ بآ ﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ يﺮﻤﯿﻠﭘﻮﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ د
] 17 [ . Xue نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
) 2019 ( يرﻮﻄﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺖﺳد ﯽﻬﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد هﺪﺷ ﻪﻟﻮﺴﭙﮑﻧا ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻎﻤﺻ وWPI
،ﺎﯿﻗﺎﻗا ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد بآ رﺎﺨﺑ ﻪﺑ يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﻫ
] 18 [.
Fig 1The effect of free and encapsulated Marjoram essential oil on the water vapor permeability
(WVP) of gluten active film
G: Control, G-MEO: free essential oil, G-MEO- NE: essential oil was encapsulated by lipid
nanocarrier, G-MEO-PE: essential oil was encapsulated by protein-based nanocarrier Mean with different letters within columns indicate
significant differences (p<0.05)
3 - 2 - ﯽﮑﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ صاﻮﺧ
هداد لﻮﻃ دﺎﯾدزا و ﮓﻧﺎﯾ لوﺪﻣ ،ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﺎﺗ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﻞﮑﺷ رد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ 2
، 3 و 4 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ .
Fig 2 The effect of free and encapsulated Marjoram essential oil on tensile strength (UTS) of gluten
active film
G: Control, G-MEO: free essential oil, G-MEO- NE: essential oil was encapsulated by lipid
nanocarrier, G-MEO-PE: essential oil was encapsulated by protein-based nanocarrier Mean with different letters within columns indicate
significant differences (p<0.05).
Fig 3 The effect of free and encapsulated Marjoram essential oil on Young’s modulus of gluten active
film
G: Control, G-MEO: free essential oil, G-MEO- NE: essential oil was encapsulated by lipid
nanocarrier, G-MEO-PE: essential oil was encapsulated by protein-based nanocarrier Mean with different letters within columns indicate
significant differences (p<0.05).
Fig 4 The effect of free and encapsulated Marjoram essential oil on elongation to break (ETB) of gluten
active film
G: Control, G-MEO: free essential oil, G-MEO- NE: essential oil was encapsulated by lipid
nanocarrier, G-MEO-PE: essential oil was encapsulated by protein-based nanocarrier Mean with different letters within columns indicate
significant differences (p<0.05).
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ،دﻮﺷ
شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﻗﺎﻓ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﮓﻧﺎﯾ لوﺪﻣ و ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ياراد ﻢﮑﺤﻣ ،
ﮓﻧﺎﯾ لوﺪﻣ ،ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺗ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎﯾدزا و ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ )
p<0.05 .(
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا
ﻪﺘﺷر ﻦﯿﺑ رد يﺮﯿﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا ردﺎﻗ و تﺪﺷ ،ﺮﻤﯿﻠﭘﻮﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺶﻨﮑﻤﻫﺮﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ ﺪﻫد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ار ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ
. ﺎﺑ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧرد
ﻪﺘﺷر ﻦﯿﺑ تﻻﺎﺼﺗا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ دﺎﯾزا و ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ناﺰﯿﻣ ،يا
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ .
شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻊﻗاورد
ﮐ مﺮﻧ ﮏﯾ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺲﯾﺮﺗﺎﻣ رد ﯽﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ هﺪﻨﻨ
ﺪﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﻟﻮﮑﻟﻮﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ تﻻﺎﺼﺗا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ و دﻮﺷ
] 19 [ . ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ Almasi
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )
2021 ( هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا
ﺖﺳا ] 19 [ . ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد يرﺎﻣزر ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮑﯾرﻮﻄﺑ -
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ،ﯽﯾﺎﯾﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺰﻟﻮﻠﺳ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ . ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
،ﺎﻫ نورد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا -
ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ ﻪﻄﻘﻧ ﺎﺗ لﻮﻃ دﺎﯾدزا و ﮓﻧﺎﯾ لوﺪﻣ ،ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ و ﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ
يوﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ 5
% ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد دازآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ار ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ .
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ زا ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ يﺎﻫ
رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد و دازآ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ ﺖﺳا . ﻪﮐ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ وﺪﺣﺎﺗ ﺰﯿﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ تارذ
ﺪﻧﻮﯿﭘ ﺎﺑ يد
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﻧژورﺪﯿﻫ ﯽﻣ ﻞﺧاﺪﺗ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧرد و ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ و ﯽﺘﻔﺳ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ
] 20 [ . ﻓاﻮﺗ رد ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻖ
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ Almasi نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )
2020 ( ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺑ
لوﺪﻣ ،ﻦﯿﺘﮑﭘ ﻪﯾﺎﭘﺮﺑ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﺸﺸﮐ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ و ﮓﻧﺎﯾ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﻫ
] 21 [.
3 - 3 - ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ
لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺪـﺷر ﯽـﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ رد
و ﺶﯾﻻﺎـﭘاﺮﻓ ﺮـﯿﻨﭘ
ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ
شرﺎﻤﺷ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ
ﺎﻫ ي E.coli و
L.monocytogenes ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ و ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ ﺮﯿﻨﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ هداد ﺶﺷﻮﭘ و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﺰﻣﺮﻗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يوﺎﺣ
يﺎﻫ
شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺲﭘ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫزور رد
لواﺪﺟ رد ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ زا 1
ﯽﻟا 4 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﮐ رﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ.
ﯽﻣ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ رد ددﺮﮔ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺪﺷر ،ﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
و ﺖﺷاد يدﻮﻌﺻ ﺪﻧور نﺎﻣز داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺖﺷاد ار ﺎﻫ ﻓ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﮑﯾرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻢﻠﯿ
ﺪﺷر ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﯽﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ ﺮﺛا ﭻﯿﻫ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﻗﺎﻓ و يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﻪﯿﻟوا رﺎﻤﺷ و ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ نﻮﻣزآ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺎﻫ
log
CFU/g 30 /5 و log CFU/g 38
/5 ﻪﺑ لﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺪﺣ رد
و هزﺎﺗ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ ياﺮﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﺮﯿﻨﭘ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . شرﺎﻤﺷ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﺑ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺷﻮﮔ و ﺮﯿﻨﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد ﺎﻫ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ هداد ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺖ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﺻرد يوﺎﺣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ )
p<0.05 .(
ﻪﺑ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ
و ﻦﺗﻮﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ رﺎﻤﺷ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺒﺳ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ لﺪﻣ يرﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﺮﻤﻋ يﺎﻫ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ .
دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﻟﻮﻨﻓ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ
لﻮﺌﺴﻣ لﻮﻤﯿﺗ و لوﺮﮐاورﺎﮐ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا رد ﯽﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﻮﻗ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ هراﻮﯾد ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ
ﯽﺘﺸﻧ و يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺒﺳ ﻪﮐ يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟﻮﻔﺴﻓ ﯽﻟﻮﻠﺳ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺗ ﺎﯾ ﻢﺳﻼﭘﻮﺘﯿﺳ ﯽﻟﻮﻠﺳ راﻮﯾد يور دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻪﻠﻤﺣ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ]
22 [ . رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﺋﺰﺟ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﺮﮕﯾد ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﺴﯾژﺮﻨﯿﺳ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ندﺮﮐ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺎﺑ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﻣ وﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ يور ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﯽﺑ
Chang
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )
2021 ( ﻪﺑ لﻮﻤﯿﺗ و لﻮﻟﺎﻨﯿﻟ ندوﺰﻓا ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﺮﺑ ﯽﮐارﻮﺧ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ رد ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ هدﺎﻣ ﮏﯾ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯽﻠﭘ ﻪﯾﺎﭘ
ﻦﻠﯿﺗا
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ شرﺎﻤﺷ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﻨﻣ يﺎﻫ
, E.coli
Staphylococcus aureus ،
L.monocytogenes
و Saccharomyces cervicea ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد
ﺮﯿﻨﭘ زﻮﻣ ﻻر
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ] 23 [.
vani نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ وSara
) 2019 ( زا يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ ياﺮﺑ
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ ﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺐﯾﺮﺨﺗ ﺖﺴﯾز ﺶﺷﻮﭘ زا ادﻮﮔ ﺮﯿﻨﭘ دﺎﺴﻓ Bunium persicum ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
. دﻮﺑ ﻦﯾا زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ رﺎﻤﺷ نﺎﻣز ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ،ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺘﮐﻻ يﺎﻫ
Pseudomonas ,
E.coli , Enterobacter ﯽﻟو ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا
ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ رﺎﻤﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ]
24 [ . Partovi نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )
2020 (
ﯿﺘﮐﻻ ﯽﻠﭘ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺿ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏ
ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ
ﺖﺷﻮﮔ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ صاﻮﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﮏﺨﯿﻣ و شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ لﺎﭽﺨﯾ رد يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻦﯿﺣ رد هدﺮﮐ خﺮﭼ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ رﺎﻤﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ
يﺮﺘﮐﺎﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ فوﺮﺗوﺮﮑﯾﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ]
25 [.
Table 1 The effect of active film containing Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) essential oil on the control of microbial growth of E.coli in UF cheese
Sample/ Days
3 6 9
G 5/53±0/01 Ca 5/71±0/01 Ba 5/84±0/01 Aa
G-MEO1 5/44±0/01 Cb 5/54±0/005 Bb 5/60±0/005 Ab G-MEO3 5/38±0/01 Cc 5/46±0/004 Bc 5/55± 0/004 Ac G-MEO5 5/17±0/09 Cd 5/30± 0/005 Bd 5/41±0/005 Ad Mean with different letters within a column indicate significant differences (p<0.05).
Table2 The effect of active film containing Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) essential oil on the control of microbial growth of L.monocytogenes in UF cheese
Sample/ Days
3 6 9
G 5/65±0/01 Ca 5/71±0/01 Ba 5/84±0/01 Aa G-MEO1 5/53±0/02 Cb 5/60±0/03 Bb 5/69±0/04 Ab G-MEO3 5/39±0/01 Cc 5/46±0/004 Bc 5/55± 0/004 Ac G-MEO5 5/17±0/09 Cd 5/27± 0/005 Bd 5/41±0/005 Ad Mean with different letters within a column indicate significant differences (p<0.05).
Table 3 The effect of active film containing Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) essential oil on the control of microbial growth of E.coli in red meat
Sample/ Days
3 6 9
G 7/53±0/01 Ca 7/97±0/01 Ba 8/22±0/01 Aa G-MEO1 7/38±0/00 Cb 7/80±0/03 Bb 8/98±0/00 Ab G-MEO3 7/10±0/02 Cc 7/39±0/04 Bc 7/74± 0/03 Ac G-MEO5 6/40±0/03 Cd 6/66± 0/00 Bd 6/91±0/05 Ad Mean with different letters within a column indicate significant differences (p<0.05).
Table4 The effect of active film containing Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) essential oil on the control of microbial growth of L.monocytogenes in red meat
Sample/ Days
3 6 9
G 7/53±0/02 Ca 7/97±0/03 Ba 8/13±0/02 Aa G-MEO1 7/00±0/00 Cb 7/36±0/01 Bb 7/79±0/01 Ab G-MEO3 6/90±0/01 Cc 7/00±0/03 Bc 7/30± 0/00 Ac G-MEO5 6/52±0/04 Cd 6/94± 0/02 Bd 7/21±0/04 Ad Mean with different letters within a column indicate significant differences (p<0.05).
4 - يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ
مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻪﯾﺎﭘﺮﺑ ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ،ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ .
اﺰﻓا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺶﯾ
ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد زا ،ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺎﺑ نآ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ جاﺰﺘﻣا و ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻨﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ و يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﺣﻮﻧﺎﻧ .
ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻒﯿﻌﻀﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ دازآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ندوﺰﻓا ﯽﻣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﯽﮑﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ و يﺮﯾﺬﭘذﻮﻔﻧ دﻮﺷ
. ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﻪﮑﯿﻧﺎﻣز ﺎﻣا
هﺪﻣآرد هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ و
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا هراﻮﯾد داﻮﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ تﻻﺎﺼﺗا يراﺮﻗﺮﺑ نﺎﮑﻣا ﻞﯿﻟﺪﺑ ،دﻮﺷ
ﯽﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ صاﻮﺧ ،ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷر و ﺪﺑﺎﯾ
. ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ لﺪﻣ يور ﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﻮﮔ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ
و ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد دﻮﺟو ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﯾﻻﺎﭘاﺮﻓ ﺮﯿﻨﭘ و ﺰﻣﺮﻗ اﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﯿﻠﮐ و ﺖﻓﺎﯿﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣﺪﺿ ﺮﺛا ،ير
ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ردﺎﻗ هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد و دازآ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﺑوﺮﮑﯿﻣ ﺪﺷر E.coli
و L.monocytogenes رد ار
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺎﻫ .
نﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻄﺑ
ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭘ نورد شﻮﺠﻧزﺮﻣ ﺲﻧﺎﺳا يوﺎﺣ ﻦﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﻢﻠﯿﻓ ﻪﮐ داد ياراد ،هﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﻓﺎﮐ ﻞﯿﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ
ﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ رد لﺎﻌﻓ ﯽﻣ ﯽﯾا
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ .
5 - ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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Investigation of the physical properties of gluten-based active film containing free and encapsulated Marjoram
(Origanum majorana L.) essential oil and evaluation of its performance in the control of microbial spoilage in UF cheese and
red meat
Mohammadi Jarchelo, H. 1, Hosseini Ghaboos, S. H. 2*, Almasi, H. 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Azadshar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshar, Iran.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Azadshar Branch, Islamic Azad 3 Associate professor of Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia
University ABSTRACT
ARTICLE INFO
The aim of this research was to fabricate wheat gluten based active film containing free and encapsulated Marjoram essential oil (MEO). The MEO was encapsulated by lipid nanocarrier (nanoemulsion) and protein-based nanocarrier (Pickering emulsion by WPI) and used at the concentrations of 1, 3 and 5% in the formulation of gluten films. The free MEO was used at same concentrations.
The physical properties of active films and also their performance in the control of microbial spoilage in the real food models including UF cheese and red meat during 9 days of storage were evaluated. The results indicated that the water vapor permeability (WVP) increasesd by increasing free MEO but the encapsulated MEO caused to significant decrease in the WVP values (p<0/05).
The tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation to break of films decreased by adding free MEO but the encapsulated samples caused to improve the mechanical properties. Moreover, the results of the colony counting of E.coli and L. monocytogenes cultured on the surface of UF cheese and red meat wrapped with active films, indicated that for all samples, the microbial growth had increasing manner during storage and by increasing the concentration of MEO, the microbial count decreased significantly in comparison to the control sample (p<0.05). The encapsulation had no adverse effect on the antimicrobial activity of MEO.Generally, the results of this research indicated that loading of encapsulated MEO causes to improve the physical properties of active gluten film and is able to control the microbial growth in Ultra-refined cheese and meat.
Article History:
Received 2022/ 06/ 30 Accepted 2022/ 08/ 10
Keywords:
Active film, Gluten, Marjoram essential oil, Physical properties, Antimicrobial activity, Ultra-refined cheese and meat.
DOI: 10.22034/FSCT.19.130.121
DOR: 20.1001.1.20088787.1401.19.130.11.0
*Corresponding Author E-Mail:
Journal of Food Science and Technology (Iran)
Homepage:www.fsct.modares.ir Scientific Research
