TRI#N KHAI NHIEM Vg COA N G A N H NAM SOM
Mot nam thifc hien Nghi quyet s615-NQ/TW mot sd v^n fl^
va chlnh sach xd hpi giai doan 2012 - 2020:
Cd h o i v a t h a c h thtifc
Nguyen Trong Dam
Thir trir&ng Bp Lao dpng - Thirffng binh va Xa npi \
T
rong q u i trinh xay dUng va phat trien dat nudc. D i n g va Nha nUdc ta luon xac dinh ehinh sach xa hoi eo vai tro dac biet quan trpng, la mue t i l u , la dong lUc de phat trien nhanh va ben vCfng. Dac biet, ngay 1/6/2012 danh dau mdc quan trong cua sy kien lan dau tien Ban chap hanh Trung UOng Dang ban hanh mpt nghi quyet ve chfnh sach xa hdi vdi ten goi"Nghi quyet 15-NQ/TW mpt so van de ve chfnh sach xa hoi giai doan 2012-2020". Nghi quyet dat myc tieu "Tiep tuc cai thien ddi sdng vat chat, tinh than cho ngUdi cd cong, phan dau den nam 2015 ca ban bao dam gia dinh ngUdi c6 cong c6 mdc song bang hoac cao hOn mUc song trung blnh cua dan cU tren dia ban. Den nam 2020, cd ban bao dam an smh xa hot toan dan, bao dam mdc toi thieu ve thu nhap, giao duc, y te, nha d, nude sach va thdng tin, truyen thong, gop phan
Thir tnr&ng Nguyen Trong Ddm phdt bieu tai Hoi nghi Phuc hoi chuc nang dua vdo cong dong tgi Viet Nam.
tdng budc nang cao thu nhap, bao dam cuoc song an toan, binh dang va hanh phuc ciia nhan dan",
Nghj quyet 15-NQ/TW tap trung vao giai quyet cac van de thuoc 2 nhom chinh sach cd ban, quan trong trong he thong cac chi'nh sach xa hoi la chinh sach Uu dai ngUdi co cdng va chi'nh sach an smh xa hoi. Qua mot nam thUc hien, CO the riit ra nhifng diem co ban sau:
Nhiirng mat dugc
Mac dil kinhte nam 2012-2013 van bi giam siit, hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep bj thua 16, song an smh xa hoi ve ca ban van duoc Uu tien bao dam, dac biet Nghi quyet so 15-NQ/TW da duoc cac cap Uy Oang, d c Bp nganh, dia phuang tnen khai nghiem tue, 100% dia phuong da xay dUng ke hoach thuc hien Chuang trinh hanh dong ciia Chinh phu thUc hien Nghi quyet 15-NQ/TW ve ehinh sach xa hoi giai doan 2012- 2020.
He thong van ban phap luat ve ngUdi cd cong va an sinh xa hot duoc ban hanh kip thdi va dua vao thuc hien, hoac dUOc bd sung v l hoin thien, doi tUOng hudng chfnh sach dugc md rgng, mdc ho trd dugc nang ldn.
Nam 2013, nguon vdn eho an sinh xa hgi van dugc Uu ik?n dam b l o : so vdi nam 2012, tong ngudn vdn dau tU cho cac chUdng trinh muc tieu quoc gia chi g i l m 0,1%;
dau t l . no chUdng trinh phat trien kinh tl-xa hgi d c vuno :t a am9,9%;dautUeholinhvUcxahgindichung
tang 0,3% Ben eanh do, huy ddng vdn cua dja phUdng, t y cac doi tac xa hoi dugc bd sung va tang cUdng.
Cac ITnh vyc xa hoi da dat dugc nhdng thinh tiAi quan trong, phan Idn cle muc tieu, chi tidu deu iioan thanh, dac biet mot sd chi tieu da vUcft so vdi ke hoach (toe do giam ngheo tai cac huyen cd t>/ Id ngheo cao, tjj 1^
ngudi biet chd trong dp tudi tif 15 tuoi trd lln, x^ le dSn so tham gia BHYT duac Nha nUdc ho trg t o i n bo, tyle xa mien niii, vung sau, viing xa, bien gidi, hai d l o difOe phi sdng phat thanh truyen hinh mat dat,...).
Odi sdng vat chat va tinh than ciia ngudi co cong, ngudi ngheo, dan toe thieu so va elc doi tugng yeu tl dugcclithienroret, Idng tin ciia nhan dan v l s y 6 n djnh chinh tn - xa hdi dupe tang cUdng.
Chinh sach Uu dai ngUdi co cong
Ngay sau khi Phap lenh sda doi, bo sung mfit so dieu ciia Phap lenh Ou dai ngudi cd eong vdi each mang dif^P thong qua nam 2012, cac van b i n hUdng dan thyc hifn j Phap ldnh da dugc ban h l n h ddng bd v l kip thdLCIc ' chlnh sach ho trg ve viee lam, vay vdn tin dung va elc chinh sach Uu dai khac doi vdi ngudi va gia dinh ngUdic6 cong duoc tang cudng v l thue hiln ngiy d n g hidu qui- Cdng t i e g i l i quyet ton dpng chfnh sleh, hd ird >M)<^
cd cdng ve n h i d v l cdng t i e tim kiem, quy t i p hli C A M B sy dugc day manh; Mang ludi trung tam cham sde n g i f l ed cong dugc kien loan; Cdng t i c d i n on d i p nghia d H H
TAP CHi LAO DdNG VA XA Hdl -S6 470 + 471 ftCr 01-31/1/201*
T R | € N KHAI N H I E M V U C U A N G A N H N A M SOI4
d i y manh. Oen nay co khoing 98% sd xa phudng dUOc cdng nhan ISm tot cdng tae thUcmg binh. Met sT; to chUc tdt hoat ddng t h i m tang q u i d c doi tUdng chinh sleh;
dy kien trong nam 2013 h o i n thanh cd b i n ho trg nhi d cho 71.000 hp; ddi song cua ngudi eo edng va gia dinh ngudi cd edng dugc c l i thien vdi 98,6% cd mUc song trung binh trd len.
Chinh sach an sinh xa hoi
T. Ve tao viic ldm, ddm bdo thu nhdp toi thieu va gidm ngheo
Quoc hdi dd thdng qua Lugt Viec Idm tao casd cho viec tiip tuc hodn thiin the che chinh saeh ve viec lam, trien khai d c chuang trinh de I n thuge Chuong trinh muc tieu quoc gia Vile l i m v l Day nghe giai doan 2012-2015; tiep lye chinh sleh ho trg di d i n thuc hien djnh canh, dinh cU eho dong b l o dan tgc thieu so den nam 2015.
Tddau nam 2012 den 31/8/2013, Ngan hang Chinh sleh Xa hot thong qua 6 ehuong trinh tin dung Uu dai da cho 3.489 nghin lucft ho ngheo, hg can ngheo va doi tugng chfnh sleh dupc vay von tfn dung Uu dai v6i mdc vay binh quan dat 15,4 trieu dong/khlch hang, gop phan giilp gan 1 tridu hg vugt qua ngudng ngheo, thu hut, tao vi?c l i m eho tren 237 nghin lao dong; ho trg tren 563 nghin hpc sinh, sinh vien co hoan canh kho khan dugc vay von hoe tap ; xiy dyng tren 1.208 nghin cong trinh cung d p nUde sach, cdng trinh nha tieu hop ve smh n6ng thdn, gin 1 nghin can nhi cho ho gia dinh vUot ID vung ddng bing song CUu Long, gan 460 nghin can nha chohongh^o..
Du gdp nhiiu kho khdn nhung Chinh phu van uu tien ngudn Itfc cho cdc chlnh sdch va chuang trinh gidm ngheo, tdp trung cho vung dgc biit khd khdn va dan toe thieu so, md r^ng cdc chlnh sdch ho tra doi tuang can ngheo vd mdi thodt nghio.
Giai doan 2012-2013. da phe duyet cle Khung gilm nghlo v l chUdng trinh gilm ngheo: ChUdng trinh muc t i l u qudc gia gilm ngheo ben vdng giai doan 2012-2015, Chuong trinh 135 v l dau tU co sd ha tang, ho tro phat triln sin xuat cho xa dac biet khd khan, xa bien gidi, xa an t o i n khu, d c thdn, b i n dac biet kho khan giai doan 2012-2015 (giai doan 3), bd sung 23 huyen ngheo mdi hudng mdt s6 ca chl, chinh sich theo Nghi quyet 30a.
D i n nay, ca b i n da hoan thinh muc tieu moi nam g i l m 2% ty l | nghdo; ty Id nghdo den eudi nam 2013 udc cdn 7,6%; rilng cic huyen ngheo gilm khoing 6% moi n i m (cao han mdc k l hoach 4%); Thu nhap binh quin d i u ngudi cCia hg nghlo tdng khoing 1,8 lan so vdi 2010, Co sd ha t i n g cUa cle huyen, xa ngheo, xa bai ngang, thyc hidn chinh sleh hd tro g i l diln, ho trg phap ly cho ngudl nghdo dugc t i n g cudng.
2, Vi bdo hiim xahdi
Lu|t b l o hilm xa hgi tiep tgc sda ddi v l dy kiln se trinh Qu6c hgi thdng qua n i m 2014. Den cudi n i m 2013, dy kiln sd ddi tugng tham gia b l o hiem xa h^i dat
10.803.034 ngudi (10.632.350 ngUdi Iham gia b l o h i l m xa hoi bat buoc va 170.684 ngudi tham gia b l o hilm xa hpi t u nguyen), bing 20,2% lUc lugng lao dpng'; doi tugng tham gia bao hilm that nghidp la 8.535.222 ngudi, bang 15,7% lyc lugng laodong.
3. Ve trtf giiip xd hpi cho ngtfdi co hodn cdnh dgc biet kho khdn
He thdng phap luat, chinh sach, cac chuang trinh, de an ve cham soc, trd giiip d c doi tugng yeu the tiep tyc dUdc hoan chinh, tao dieu kiln cho cac ddi tugng y l u the tiep can d c dich vu xa hgi ca ban; cong tae eham soc, phat huy vai tro ngUdi eao tudi, ngudi khuyet tat, t r i em CO hoan d n h dac biet, hp ngheo,... da duge cle dja phuangdua vao Nghj quyet ciia cac cap iiy Ding, HDND d c d p . Oen cuoi nam 2012, d nUdc cd khoing 432 eO sd bao trd xa hpi (gom 182 cd sd eong lap va 250 cd sd ngoai cong lap) to chdc nuoi dudng tren 42 nghin ngUdi, 2,6 tneu ngu'di dang dUdc hUdng trg giup xa hgi thudng xuyen (trong dd tren 1,4 trieu ngUdi t d 80 tudi trd len, tren 600 nghin ngUdi khuyet tat nang va tam than).
Cong tac tra giilp dot xuat duoc tang cudng. Tinh den thang 8 nam 2013, Nha nU6c da chi khoing 42.090 tan gao cho 22 tinh khic phuc thien tai, dn djnh cugc song, dac biet la vao thdi ky giap hat va Tet Nguyen Oan.
4. Bdo ddm gido due tdi thieu
Nam 2012-2013, Chfnh phii ban hanh 4 chinh sich ho trd, gop phan nang cao tiep d n giao duc cho ngUdi ngheo, dong bao dan loc thieu sd va vung dac biet khd khan. Nam 2013, udc tinh ty le hoe sinh trong dp tudi di hoc, mau giao 5 tudi dat tren 99,7%, tieu hpe dat 97,7%, trung hoc co sd dat 88%, pho thong trung hpc dat 58%;
ty le tre khuyet tat di hoc dat 58,4%; ty le smh vien tren mot van dan dat 58,4 ngudi; ty le ngudi biet chCf trong 66 tudt tif 15 tuoi trd len dat 98,5%;
Sau 3 nam thuc hien, du I n dao tao nghe cho lao dong nong thon, khoang 1,09 trieu lao dong ndng thdn duac ho trg dao tao nghe, binh quan moi nam eo 0,36 trieu lao dgng. Nam 2012, eo 0,49 tneu lao dpng nong thon dupc ho trg dao tao nghe, trong do, khoing 74,2%
tim dugc viec lam. Nam 2013 dy kiln ty le lao dpng da qua dao lao dat tren 49%, trong do qua dao tao n g h i tren 27%.
5. Bdo ddm y ti toi thieu
Ngay 10/01/2013,Thii tudng Chinh phu da phe duylt Chien lUdc bao ve, cham sde v l ning cao sde khod nhan dan den nam 2020, tam nhin den nam 2030, p h i duyet Chuong trinh myc tieu quoc gia phong, chong HIV/AIDS giai doan 2012-2015; nang mUc ho trg ddng b l o hiem y te cho mot so doi tugng thuoc hd can ngheo, ho tro 100% cho mdt so doi tUdng thudc hp can nghdo theo chuan ngheo qudc gia.
1 Life lu'Ong lao dpng nam 2013 dir ki^n dat 53,7 triSu ngudi.
(Xc'in licp trang 28) AP CHi LAO OdNG VAxA Hdl-S6 470+ 471 Ctd01-31/1/2014)
TRI€N KHAI NHIEM VU CUA NQANH NAM 20I4
MOT NAM THLTC HIEN NCHf QUYET 15-NQ/TW: M O T SO VAN OJL..
(Tiep theo trang 13)
Nam 2013, du kiln 97% phu nd mang thai dUoc tiem phdng uon van va ty I I duge khim thai t d 3 lan trd len dat 84,4%; ty Id tre em dUdi 1 tuoi tiem ehung day du dat tren 90%, ty suat t d vong tre em dUdi 1 tudi g i l m cdn
15,2%o; t9 suat t d vong tre em dudi 5 tuoi la 22,1 %o; ty Id suy dinh dUdng d tre em dudt 5 tudi the nhe d n g i l m con 15,73%, ty le ngUdi dan mac benh lao gilm cdn 205 ngudi/l 00,000 dan; tuoi tho trung binh cua dan so Viet Nam dat 74 tuoi; so ca nhiem HIV da giam 31,5% so vdi nam 2001;ty Id ngudi nhiem HIV/AIDS duge d i l u tri ARV la 60% (72.711 ngUdi). Tinh den 30/6/2013, so trUdng hgp nhiem HIV eon song la 214.795 ngUdi va cd 65.401 trudng hap t d vong do AIDS,
Chinh sach bao hiem y te toan dan dupc tang cUdng, sd ngudi tham gia bao hiem y te ttep tuc tang. Nam 2012 CO 59,3 trieu ngUdi tham gia b l o hiem y te, nam 2013 Udc tren 60 trieu ngudi ehiem 71,2% dan so, trong dd Nha nudc ho trd kinh phi mua the bao hiem y te (ho trg toan bp va ho trg mgt phan) cho tren 70%, dac biet II ddi tugng h6 ngheo va dan tdc thieu sd vung dae biet khd khan, trd em dudi 6 tuoi dupc ho trg 100%.
6. Ve bdo ddm nhd d toi thieu
Da xay dUng chUOng trinh ho trg ngUdi cho khoing 71 nghin ho c6 eong vdi elch mang, xay dUng 700 choi phong tranh lu lut eho ngudi dan khu vye bi Inh hudng bdi lu lut thugc 7 tinh Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai va Phu Yen.
Chuong trinh xay dUng cym, tuyen dan eU va nha d vung ngap lu dong bang song Cdu Long giai doan 2 ve CO b i n hoan thanh; da hoan thanh 50/95 dU an thupe Chuang trinh phat tnen nha d cho hoc smh, sinh vien nam 2013 va khoang 34 dy an se hoan thanh vao thang 6/2014; Chuang trinh phat trien nha 6 xa hgi cho ngUdi CO thu nhap thap tai do thi da xay dyng 18.850 can h6 v l dang trien khai xay dUng 19.550 can h6 trong nam 2014;
Chuang trinh phat tnen nha d xa hoi cho cong nhan tai cle khu cong nghiep tap trung da xay dyng 12.500 can hg nam 2013 va xay tiep 27.500 can hg trong nam 2014.
7. Ve bdo ddm nUdc sgch
Chinh phu phe duyet Chuang trinh muc tieu quoe gia nude sach va ve sinh moi trUdng nong thon giai doan 2012-2015 vdi 3 du I n , (1) Cap nude sinh hoat va moi trudng ndng thdn; {2) Vd sinh ndng thon; va (3) Ning eao ning lUe, truyen thdng va g i l m sat, danh g i l thUe hien Chuang trinh.
Den cudi nam 2013, 82% dan sd ndng thdn dugc sd dung nudc hgp ve sinh, mang lai nhQng hidu q u i kmh te va xa hgi, gdp phan ning eao sUc khoe cua ngudi dan, t i l t kilm sUc ngudi va thdi gian lay nUdc, eli thien dieu kiln vat chat.
8. Bdo ddm thdng tin
Thyc h i l n Chuang trinh myc t i l u qudc gia dua thflng tin ve ca sd mien nui, vung sau, viJng xa, b i l n gidi, hli dao giai doan 2012- 2015, mang thong tin vien thdng da CO ban phu khip d nUde. Nam 2013, t^- le xa miln niii, viJng siu, vUng xa, bien gidi, h l i d l o dUOc phu song phSt thanh ude dat 99,8%; ty'lexa mien mil, vimg sau, viJngxa, bien gidi, hai dao duge phu song truyin hinh dat 99,8%;
ti'lexamilnnui,vungsau,vungxa, bten gtdi, hli dlo CO d l i truyen thanh xa dat 87%.
Mgt so diem thach thCfc can vitat qua Mgt so chi tidu ea b i n khdng hoin thanh, dac bi^
trong ITnh vye thi trudng lao dgng v l b l o hilm xa hp! [^
le ngudi tot nghidp pho thong trung hpc, t^ Id lao dong qua dao tao va d l o tao nghe; ty Id lao dgng lam viee trof)g khu vye chfnh thdc, ty' le lao dgng tham gia b l o hiem xa hgi (bat bugc, tU nguyen va b l o hiem that nghiep).
Mgt so k i t q u i dat duoc ve so lugng, song chUa ben vdng ve chat lugng (chf tieu tao viee l i m , that nghiep blo dam song t^ Id thieu viee lam, khdng cd vide lam thudng xuyen, lao dgng lim trong khu vUc phi chfnh thUe tang len; chi tidu gilm ngheo dat song ty Id hg tai ngheo vl can ngheo eon eao).
Chat lugng cung d p djeh vy an sinh xa hpi eon nhilu van de, dae biet tai d e dia phUdng cd ty Id ngheo cao, thupc vung sau, viing xa, dan tgc thieu so; miie dfl dat duoc ve chl tieu an sinhxa hpi gida d c nhdm dan cU,cSc dia ban va cac nhdm ngudi ngheo va khong ngheo cii sy khic biet ldn va c6 xu hudng gia t i n g .
Ddi song eua mpt bp phan gia dinh ngUdi eo cong, ngudi ngheo, ddng bao dan tgc thieu sd van eon kho khan, ehua b l o d i m duge mde tdi thieu elc dieh vu xa hflt CO ban; tinh hinh thien tai bien dgng manh, thieu dfli giip hat gia tang lam anh hudng den ddi song eua ngUdi din-
Mot so djnh hudng
Tiep tuc bo sung hoan thien he thong d e van ban phap luat ve ngUdi ed cong va an sinh xa hdi; tap trung Uu tien thye hien eac chfnh sach ho trg phat trien sin xuat, hgc nghe, tao viee lam, xiy dyng n6ng thon mdi;
khuyen khich ngudi ngheo tU chu vUan ldn thoit ngh^
Bao d i m bo trf nguon vdn cho d c chuang trinh va d c muc tieu an sinh xa hoi theo tinh than dim blovJ eong khai nguon lUe de thye hien d e mue tieu v l chfnh | sach ngudi co eong va an sinh xa hpi; day manh xa hoi hoa huy dgng nguon lue eho viee IhUe hiln ehinh sich ] an sinh xa hdl.
Tiep tyc xiy dyng v l t r i l n khai cle d l an theo tmh than Nghi quyet 70 theo dung ke hoach va dim bio chat lugng.
Xac djnh dugc cle thach thUc v l t i n dung hidu qui d e co hgi I I ed sd d l d c cap Ciy Ding, ehinh quyln vi i doan the ed d c bidn phap, g i l i phap d i l u chlnh phii hopr | kip thdi nhSm thye hien thanh edng elc nhiem VIJ mi Nghi quyet 15-NQ/TW da d l ra, gdp p h i n quan trong vio su on dinh va phat trien dat nude trong thdi ky mdi. 0
TAP CHi LAO OONG VA XA H 6 | - SO 470 + 471 (tCr 01-31/1/20WI
