CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
effects on quality, feed intake and digestibility by chemical compoNtion, m-viiro gas production and ui-saao heifers. Asian-Aust. I. Anim. Sci., 14(5): 624-630. degradation characteristics. Uveslock research for niiol
' ' \ I development, 13. 4, 7. Scr NN&PTNN Phii Thp (2011), Tmh hinh sin xuat http;//www.dpav.org.co/irrd/imil3/4/tracl34a.htm.
nong, lam nehi^p, thiiy san Phii Thp n5m „ . . , „ _ ^ „ , „ , , 2011 hllp:/;„ww phl;th<,.6„!..v„/wet/gu™i/duli™,hon " • J ' j i ' Y " K T ™ " 8 ' " " V " ^ ^ »\NS"y8j CSng D,nh elce?p *^ ° " (2005), Anh huong cac miic bo sung bpt la san khac nhau trong khau phSn an deh luyng thuc Sn thu nhan, ty le tieu 8 Mai Thi Thom, Nguyen XuSn Tr^ch va Nguyen Thi Tu h6a va kha nSng sinh tnrang ciia trau to 13-18 thang tuoi.
(2010), Che' bien than la l^c lam thiic an cho trau bo. Tap Bao cao khoa hijc Vien Chan nuoi nam 2005: tn 119-121.
chi Khoa hoc v4 Phat tnftx 8(3): 462-465. ,' „ , . ^ ., ., ,,
14. Bui Quang Tuan, Vu Duy Giang, Nguyin Trpng Tien, 9 Tong ci?c thong ke (2012), SS IiriTng trau, bo phSn theo Nguyen Xuan Trgch va Ton That Son (2006), U chua dia phuong. Nguon internet: than cay ngo sau thu bSp lam thiic 5n cho bo sua tgi Dan http://www.gso-gov.vn/defaulLaspx7tabid=390&idmid Phupng, Ha Tay cu. Tap chi Chan nuoi. 2:18-21.
=3&Itemn>12905 ngiiy 23/7/2013 , , ^ \. _ „ ,
" ' 15. Bui Quang Tuan (2007). Sir dung phy phaim chS^ bieh 10. Nguyen XuSn Tr^ch (2003), Six dyng phe" phSm nuoi tinh b§t s&i (b$t den) va ehe" bien nhSn do xanh (cam gia sue nhai l?i. NXB Nong nghiep. phfii) dg nuoi l(?n thit tgi Duong Ulu, Hoai Diic, Ha Tay.
11. Nguyin Xuan Tr^ch, Bui Quang Tuan, Mai Th} Thom Tgp chi KHKT N6ng nghiep, V(4): 50-54.
va Nguyen Thj Tii (2006), Xir ly va bao quan rom tuoi i6. Biii Quang TuSn, Nguyen Xuan Trgch va Do Diic Li^
liun thiic an cho trSu b6. Tgp chi chan nuoi, 9.27-32. (2008), Anli huong aia mgt so'ye'u to deh si> dyng rom va Li. Nguyen Xuan Traeh, Magne Mo and Cu Xuan Dan (2001), l ^ " ^^X "8° '^m thirc Sn cho trau bo tai cac tir^h phia Bac.
Effects of treatment of rice straw with lime and/or urea on iis Tgp chi Khoa hpc vJi Phat tiieh, VI(1): 47-51.
SINH SAN CUA THO ME, SINH TRU'ONG CUA THO CON TU" CAC GIONG NEW ZEALAND, CALIFORNIA 3V 11- f^
VA DIA PHU'ONG NUOI BANG C 6 TAP CO BO SUNG THLTC A N CONG NGHIEP TAX AN GIANG
Nguyen Bd Trung'' N g a y n h $ n b a i b a o : 05/04/2015 - N g a y n h g n b a i p h a n b i ? n : 29/04/2015
N g a y b a i b a o d u o c c h a p n h a n d a n g : 30/04/2015
T6M TAT
MOt nghien cix\x du(?c t h y c hifn tgi C h p Moi, tinh An Giang n h a m khao sat kei qua sinh san ciia 30 tho cai (12 N e w Zealand va 18 Dia phuemg) duqc phol giohg voi tho di^c (New Zealand, NZ; California, Call va Dia phuemg, DP). Thi nghifm d u o c b o tri theo m o hinh hoan toan ngau nhien 5 nghifm thuc (NT) (dupc d a n h s6' t h u t y t u 1 de'n 5), 6 lan lap lai, moi d o n vj la 1 tho cai. Thi nghifm cijng danh gid tang khoi l u o n g (TKL) ciia 15 6 tho d u e con 5-16 tuan tuoi dugc bo' tri hoan toan ngau nhien voi 5 NT (duoc d a n h so t u 6 de'n 10) (5 6 tho con, 3 Ian Igp lgi), 1 6 la 1 d o n vj thi nghifm (tho d u ^ c nhot rieng).
Cac N T d u p c b o sung thiic an cong nghiep A06 va dupc an t y d o co dia p h u o n g para grass (Brachiaria mutica), rau muo'ng (Ipomoea aquatica) va rau lang hong ngpc (Ipomoea batatas). Ket qua cho tha'y nhift dp moi t r u o n g bien thien t u 23 den 30,5°C iing voi dp am 74-84,3%, ke't h p p chuong trgi thong thoang, co cay ehe bong mat thi chi tieu sinh san tren tho m? 6 5 NT kh6ng khdc bift lon, khong thS'y giam kha nang sinh truong, sinh san, ngogi tru kh6i lupng tho con luc so sinh. Thuc an cong nghifp an vao 6 N Z thuan va thd con lai giira N Z x DP cao nha't, dan de'n t6hg lupng Sn vao giua cac NT khae bift co y nghTa tho'ng ke. Cho nen hf s6' chuyen hoa thuc Sn cung khac nhau. Tuy nhien, KL song, tang KL liic tho con
' Truong Dai hpc An Giang
• j ^ c gia de lien hf: ThS. Nguyen Ba Trung, Giang vien, Bf mon ChSn nuoi Thu y, Khoa Nong nghifp - Tai nguyen thien nhien, Truong Dgi hpc An Giang. So 18 - Ung Van Khiem - TP. Long Xuyen • Tinh An Giang.
Dien thoai: 0918 139 960. Email: [email protected]
KHKTchan nuoi Sfli 10 - 2015 77
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cai sii'a 4 tuan va ke't thtic thi nghifm 4 thang tuoi khong khac bift co y nghta thong ke. Vay, si^ khac nhau ve "xua't than" ciia th6 giua cac nghifm thiic co Anh hudng de'n lupng an vao, hf so' chuyen h6a thiic an.
Tiir khoa: Khd nang sinh sdn, tho lai, TKL, thiec Un hon hgp, ti le tieu hoa, cd, rau.
ABSTRACT
Reproductivity of female rabbits and growlh performance of offsprings fed by local grasses and commercial concentrate in An Giang province
Nguyen Ba Trung An experiment was carried out at Cho Moi district, Long Xuyen city. An Giang province to evaluate the reproductivity of five breeding groups of local doe mated by bucks (New Zealand, California and local). Thirty female rabbits (12 New Zealand and 18 local rabbits) was designed in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments (numbered from 1 to 5) (5 rabbit breedings), 6 replications and one female rabbit per experimental unit. The experiment also evaluated the average daily gain of leverets, fifteen male rabbit flocks at 5 weeks old, were allocated in a coinpletely randomized design with 5 treatments (numt^ered from 6 to 10) (5 rabbit breedings), 3 replications and one male rabbit flock per experimental unit (individually housed rabbit). The experimental rabbits in all treatments were given a commercial concentrate, and local grasses such as para grass (Brachiaria mutica), water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). The animals were fed ad libitum. The results indicated that when the ambient temperature ranging from 23 lo 30.5 degrees C (with the humidity ranging from 74 to 84.3%), there were no differences on reproductive performance among five female rabbit breeding types and the grow up of their leverets with the exception of weight at birth. However, the intake of concentrate of pure New Zealand (NZ x NZ) and crossbreds (NZ x indigenous) was higher than that of other treatments. Consequently, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio of animals among treatments were statistically different. Otherwise, the body weight gain of rabbit at 4-week old and finishing period was not different significantly. Also the results proved that different crossbreeding types have affected on feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the rabbits.
Key words: Reproductive performance, cross rabbits, ADG, concentration, grass l.DATVANDE
Th6 khong thupc nhom thu nhai lgi nhung chiing co kha nang tieu h6a nhieu logi CO tij nhien, rau mau, cac phe'pham... nho hf tho'ng tieu hoa enzym do qua trmh len men vi sinh vgt 6 manh trang. Mpt ngay tuoi tho mpc nhung spi long to, 3 ngay thi chung co lop long day, dai khoang 1 mm, de'n 5 ngay tuoi long dai 5-6 mm va de'n 20-25 ngay tucii, bp long dupc phat trien hoan toan (Dinh Van Binh, 2003). Tho la nguon cung ca'p thit cha't lupng to't, ra't de nuoi 6 viing nong thon, noi CO nhieu loai rau mau. Vi dac thii d l nuoi, chuoi thiic an dai, thich nghi tot khi hau 6 Viet Nam, dac bift la thjt thom ngon, bo duong nen chung duoc nuoi nhieu, gop phan cai thifn kinh te gia dinh 6 nong thon nhu An Giang.
MIIC tieu cua nghien ciru nay la xac dinh nhift do, dg am chuong nuoi, kha nang sinh san tren tho m? va TKL ciia tho dire con qua 5 cong thtic phoi gio'ng va dupc nuoi bang co tgp CO bo sung thiic an cong nghifp.
2. V^T LIEU VA PHirONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtT 2.1. Dia diem thi nghifm
- Nong hp xa Binh Phuoc Xuan, huyen Chp Moi, tinh An Giang.
- Phan tich mau tgi khoa Nong Nghifp Dai hoc An Giang.
2.2. Npi dung nghien cuu
- Xac djnh nhiet dp va dp ain chuong nuoi.
- BChao sat mpt vai dac diem sinh san tren tho m? a 5 cong thiic phol giong.
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KHKT Chan nuoi So 10-2015CHAN NUOl DONG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
- Xac dinh TKL va chuyen hoa thiic an (TA) ciia tho di^c con.
2.3. Vat lifu thi nghifm
Mpt tho dye New Zealand (NZ), 1 tho due California (Cali) va 12 tho cai NZ 5 tuan tuoi dupc mua tu Trung tam Nghien ciiu De va Tho Son Tay. Mpt tho di^c dia phuong (DP), 18 tho cai dja phuong 5 tuan tuoi dupc tuy«i chpn tu cac hp gia dinh 6 huyfn Chp Moi. Chuong ho, nen lot ggch tau, loi di bang be tong, vach tuong cao 0,5 m, ben tren la
luoi B40. Mimg eho'ng muoi phu kin 24/24 gio. Long nho't th6 bang khung go, vach luoi sat 6 vuong 5x5 mm. Hpp go diing lam 6 cho tho de.
2.4. Bo tri thi nghifm
2.4.1. Voi tho m? a 5 cong thUc phoi giShg Thi nghifm dupc bo' tri hoan to^n ngau nhien 5 nghiem thiic (tir 1 de'n 5), sau lan Igp lgi, moi don vi la 1 tho cai. Cho 3 gio'ng tho dye phoi vol 30 tho cai theo cong thiic:
Nghifm thiic Dye x cai
Ghi chii: (1): Due Nao Zealand x Cai New Zealand; (2): Due Neiv Zealand x Cdi dja phieang; (3): Due California x Cdi NeiD Zealand; (4): DiecCalifomia x Cdi dja phieang (5): Dtec dia phuang x Cdi dja phuemg.
2.4.2. Vai tho con
Bo tri hoan toan ngau nhien, 5 nghifm thiic (dupc danh so ttr 6 den 10) va 3 lan lap Igi. Don vi thi nghifm la 1 6 tho dye con (5 o X 3 lan = 15 o). Khau phan khong thay doi trong cac ngluem tinic. Thi nghifm tren tho dye con liic 5 tuan tuoi deh xua't chuong 16 tuan. Qui trinh cham soc nuoi duang: danh gia siic khoe tho bang bang tir to't, trung binh, eho den kem. Quan sat tho moi ngay va ghi vao bang. Kip thai phat hifn, xir ly con bfnh, con khong binh thuang. Sat trung tieu dpe cho tho. Truoc khi sat triing tieh hanh quet dpn, riia chuong, sau do sat triing mang an, chun uong. Rira bang nuac, ngam trong dung dich chlorin pha loang, riia 2 lan/ tuan.
Long va chuong, diing lira do't long tho roi rot. Vf sinh nen, san hang ngay sgch c6 rac, nuoc tieu, phan tho. Dpn phan 2 lan/tuan.
Tho an nhieu vao dem, nen cho an dung gio va diing lupng, khong de du thira gay hoi thoi. Sang, vf sinh chuong, can TA thira, sau do cho tho an. Cho tho uohg nuac ty do da dupc sat triing. Thu dpn c6 rac co trong chuong va ve sinh chuong bang voi phun nude. Trua, kiem tra chuong trgi, hogt dpng ciia tho, ehe mat ne'u co nang nhieu, kiem tra miing luoi ngira ruoi, muoi... Chieu, cho tho an TA nhu buoi sang nhung lupfng TA nhieu hon, cung ca'p them nuoc, vf sinh nen chuong. Toi, xem tho ngu co on dinh khong, kiem tra mung, meo, chupt...
Hinh 1: Chuong nuoi th6 thi nghifm Hinh 2: Long ca the
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Hinh 3. Hgp go dung cho th6 m^ de con 2.4.3. TTiHC dn ding cho thd
- Co para, rau muo'ng va rau lang hong ngpc dupc thu hogch tai vuon vao buoi chieu mat, rira sgch, de kho rao. Cho tho an tu do timg logi rau nay liic S.gio va 14 gio ngay hom sau.
Bang 1: Thanh p h ^ dinh duong ciia thiic an hon hpp (A.06) Hinh 4: M jng an ca the
- Thuc an hon hpp cua Cong ty Chan nuoi - Thuy san Afiex An Giang, ma so: A.06, th6 an ty do sau khi an co luc 10 gio va 16 gio hang ngay.
c h i tieu Tr^ng thai luc cho 3n Tr^nj; thai Ichi loai nude
DM 89,7 100
CP 14 14,08
CF 2,9 6,2
ME (Kcal/ke) 3722 2945
Ca 1,02
P 0,9
NaCI 0,45 Ghi chu: DM: v^t chai kho, CP: protein thd, CF: xa thd, M£: nang lugng trao ddi, Ca: canxi, P: phdt pho,
NaChmudidn.
2.5. Cac chi tieu theo doi
• Nhi?t dp va dp am chuong nuoi.
• Dac diem sirth san dxa tho mp va dgc diem tho con so sinh.
• Tang KL tho due con qua cae tuan tuoi, tieu ton TA, h# so'chuyeh hoa TA (FCR).
2.6. Cach thu thgp so li^u 2.6.2. Nhi^t dq vd dg am chuSng nuoi
Ghi nhgn liic 6 gia sang va 2 gio chieu ling voi nhi|t dp tha'p nha't va cao nha't trong ngay. Treo nhi|t keco djnh giira day chuong ngang tlim hoat dpng eiia th6. Dgt thie't bi do dp ain ngang tam hoat d^ng ciia tho, ghi rJign dp am tuong iing liic nhi?t dp eao nha't va tha'p nha't.
2.6.2. Ddc diem sinh sdn cua tho mf vd d^c diem tho con sa sinh
Thoi gian mang thai, chu ky dpng dye; ty I? phoi/de con, ty lp di^c/cai dupc sinh ra; thoi gian mpc long va md mat eua tho eon; so con so sinh; KL th6 con so sirth va cai sira.
2.6.3. Cdc chi tieu sdn xuai
- Can tho eon hang tuan de tinh tang KL.
- Thiic an dupc can moi ngay truac khi cho an de tinh TTTA va CHTA.
2.6.4. Theo doi b?nh t$t
Day la chi tieu noi len kha nang thich nghi cua dan tho doi voi dieu ki|n tieu khi hau va qui trmh cham soe nuoi duong.
Chiing toi theo doi va ghi nhan so tho chet, tim hieu nguyen nhan, roi h'nh ti I? hao hut trung binh (Nguyin Thj Xoan, 2007).
_ , ..^, , „^, ^ So'tho dau ky - So' tho cuoi ky Tyl?haohi^t(%) = ^— ^ _ x 100
So tho dau ky
Ti I? tieu chay: Dem so'lupt tieu chay/ngay cua timg nghidm thirc, tinh theo cong thiic:
Ty 1| tieu chay (%) = So lupt tieu ehay (lupt) So' tho trong nghi|m thiic x so ngay theo doi
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KHKT Chan nuoi So 10-2015CHAN NUOI DONG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
2.7.XTiI^soli?u
So li?u dupe tinh toan so b$ truoc khi phan tich tho'ng ke, khac bipt giira eac nghi?m thiic bang mo hinh hoi quy tuye'n h'nh GLM ciia phan mem MINITAB version 16.2. Ne'u CO s\r sai khac co y nghia thong ke 6 miie dp P<0,05 hay P<0,01 thi cac nghi?m
thiic dupe so sanh theo tirng cap khac nhau qua phuong phap kiem dinh Tukey, 95% CI.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LU^N
3.1. Nhi?t dp va dp Mn trung binh ciia chuong
— NhiOt <!$ TB (OC) - ^ Am dfl TO (%)
_^^--.-- A .
B6 84 82 80 78 76 7 4 72 70 14 IS 16 17
•1
Hinh 5: Nhift dp va dp am trung binh ciia chuong nuoi Nhipt dp dao dpng 23-30,5"C, dp am 74-
84,3% la tuong doi thich hop cho tho phat trien. Thyc te'trong thi nghiem, cae gio'ng tho sinh truong, phat trien to't, khong co bieu hi?n phan irng Igi dieu kipn so'ng. Tho co it tuyeh mo hoi duoi da, ca the thai nhipt chit ye'u qua duang ho ha'p. Khi nhi?t tang cao, 3.2. DirSng chat thuc an thi nghi?m
Bang 2: Thanh phSn dudng chat thuc an thi nghifm (don vi: %)
tho thd nhanh, ne'u len 45^^ thi tho che't trong vong mpt gia. Do aun 70-80% la thich hpp.
Khi dp am qua eao va keo dai, tho de bi cam Ignh va viem mui, tgo dieu kipn cho mam b?nh phat trien va gay b?nh (Nguyen Van Thu, 2004).
Thtic an thi nghi?m Co para Ranmuong Rau lang hong ngoc
DM
•30,00 12,25 1,46
Tinh tren % vat chat Idio (DM) CP
10,02 25,95 22,41
CF Ash 20,94 11,14 12,54 9,48 12,13 11,19 Ghi chd: DM: vdt chdi khd, CF: xa thd, CP: protein thd. Ash: kliodng.
20,8%, tuong duong ke't qua cita nghien oiu Co para va rau muong co dgm tho lan
lupt la 10,02%, va 25,95%; chenh Ipch khong lon so 12,9 va 36,3% cua Dong va ctv (2006b).
Theo Men (2006) rau lang hong ngpc co dam
nay (22,41%). Cay thiie an co thanh phan dinh duong thay doi theo each thu hogch, miia vy, dp non, gia va che'dp bon phan.
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3.3. C h i tieu s i n h s i n tren t h o m ?
B i n g 3: Cac chi tieu s i n h sdn tr@n thd m^
Chi tieu Mang thai (ngiy) DOng due sau de (ngay) Chu ky len gio'ng (ngay) T y l ? p h o l / d 4 ( % ) Tyl§duc/cai/6(%) Mgc 16ng to (ngay) Long to phii Icin minh (ngay) Long to phii kin da (ngay) Md mat (ngay) So' con so sinh (con) S6'concaisua(con) Khoi luong so sinh (g/con) Khoi lugng cai siia (1 thang) (g/con) Khoi luong 4 thang tuoi (g/con)
1 32,00
4,00 13,25 67,00 43,00 1,00 3,00 7,00 10,25 5,75 5,25 61,47 383,25 2278,50
2 32,50
3,25 13,50 54,00 45,00 1,00 3,00 7,00 11,25 5,75 5,50 52,63 505,25 2155,00
Nghiem thiic 3 32,25 4,00 13,75 54,00 46,00 1,00 3,00 7,00 10,50 6,00 5,50 61,67 424,25 2295,00
4 31,00
3,75 12,75 54,00 46,00 1,00 3,00 7,00 10,00 5,50 5,50 53,09 448,50 2124,50
5 31,80
3,00 13,5 75,00 38,00 1,00 3,00 7,00 10,50 5,25 5,25 52,33 366,00 1860,00
P 0,06 0,40 0,85 0,37 0,83
0,61 0,75 0,91 0,03 0,12 0,22 Ngogi trir khoi lupng tho con so sinh, cae
chi tieu sinh san tren tho mp qua 5 cong thiic phol giohg khong khac biet co y nghia tho'ng ke. Tho mp mang thai a cac nghipm thiie trung binh la 31,8 ngay. Theo Hoang Thi Xuan Mai (2005), tho mang thai 31-32 ngay;
Hoang Nam (2002) 30-32 ngay. Nhu vgy tho mp mang thai trong 5 cong thiic nay bieh dpng khong Ion khi nuoi trong viing Dong Bang Song Ciru Long. Thoi gian dpng dye sau de trung binh la 3,6 ngay. Tho thucmg dpng dye som sau de 3-5 ngay, moi nam tho CO the de 6-7 lira (Dinh Van Binh, 2003). Chu ky len gio'ng eita tho trong nghien ciiu nay la 13,25 ngay, khong khae bipt so vai eong bo' eua Dinh Van Binh (2003) (10-16 ngay) va Hoang Thi Xuan Mai (2005) (12-16 ngay). Ty lp phoi/de cita tho mp giira cac nghipm thiie bieh thien tir 54 den 75%, trung binh la 60,8%.
Dieu nay eho tha'y kha nang thu thai eiia cac gio'ng tho tren chua eao.
Ty lp due/eai cita tho con trung binh la 43,6%, ty lp tho dye con (43,6%) luon tha'p hon tho cai eon (56,4%) trong ciing mpt 6.
Tho eon mpc long to liic 1 ngay tuoi, long to phii kin minh khi 3 ngay tuoi va long phii kin da liic 7 ngay tuoi va thoi gian mo mat khoang 10 ngay tuoi. Tho 1 ngay tuoi mpc nhirng spi long ta, de'n 3 ngay tuoi thi eo lop long day ngan 1 mm; 05 ngay tuoi long dai 5-6 nun va de'n 20-25 ngay tuoi bp long dupe phat trien hoan toan, (Dinh Van Binh, 2003).
Theo Phan Thugn Hoang (2006), tho con mo mat liic 12,3 ngay, eon theo Dinh Van Binh (2003) va Hoang Thj Xuan Mai (2005) la 10 ngay. Ke't qua nghien ciiu nay eiia chiing toi van nam trong khoang 9-12 ngay.
Tom lgi, tuy moi truong nong, am, mua nhieu, nhung ne'u chuong trgi thong thoang, CO trong eay ehe bong mat thi eac chi tieu sinh san cua tho mp khong khac biet Ion va cung khong lam thay doi nhieu ve dac diem ciia tho con so sinh.
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3.4. Tang khoi lu^ng ciia th6 d^c Bdng 4;
Khoi lugng dSu k^ (g/con) KhSi lugng cuoi ky (g/con) Tang khoi lugng (g/con/ngay)
con
Tang kh^i luomg ciia th6 dvc con Nghiem thiic 6 7 8 9 351,17 462,00 389,75 402,08 2278,50 2155,00 2295,00 2124,50 20,25 19,43 20,59 18,90
10 331,25 1860,00 16,66
P 0,17 0,22 0,25 Ghi chu: (6): thd New Zealand phdi New Zealand; (7): Neio Zealand phdi thd dia phuang (8): California
phdi New Zealand; (9): California phdi dia phuang; (10): Thd dja phuang phdt dja phuemg.
Nghiem thiic 8 (Cali x NZ) dgt KL euoi ky sam nha't (2.295 g/con), tang KL trung binh ngay la 20,59 g. Tang KL chgm nhat 6 nghipm thiic 10 (DP x DP). Cac nghipm thiic CO tang KL bie'n thien trong khoang 16-20 g/eon/ngay (P>0,05), khong khac bipt so Dong 3.5. Lupng an vao va hp so chuyen hoa thiic an
Bang 4: Lupng an vao, h^ s6 chuyen h6a thtic an
va ctv (2006a) khi nuoi tho lai bo sung 75% la rau muo'ng trong khau phan an ca ban co para, chiing t6 tho con trong 5 nghipm thiic khi dupc nuoi duang trong nong hp bang c6 tgp CO bo sung thiic an eong nghipp deu cho tang KL xa'p xi nhu nhau.
TA hon hgp an vao (g/con) Lugng CO an vao (g DM) Tong lugng an vao (g) DM an v i o (g/con/ngay) He so chuyen hoa TA
6 6.710"
4.970 11.680"
129,78 6,40'
7 6.995»
5.560 12.555"
139,5 7,18"
Nghiem thiic 8 5.590"
4.160 9.750*
108,33 5.26'
9 4.980"
3.923 8.903"
98,92 4,80"
10 4.850""
5.026 9.876"
109,73 6,59"
P 0,033 0,539 0,035 0,017 0,010 Tho con ciia nghipm thiic 6 va 7 co miic
tieu thiJ thiic Sn h6n hpp (6.710 va 6.995 g/con), eao hon cac nghipm thiie eon lgi. Do do, tong luprng TA xanh va hon hpp an vao giira cac nghipm thiic khac bipt nhau.
He so'chuyeh hoa TA cung khac bipt co y nghia tho'ng ke, tha'p nha't 6 nghipm thiic 9 (4,8) va cao nha't la nghipm thiic 7 (7,18). He s6' nay thay doi trong khoang 5 deh 7, tuong duong ke't qua ciia Dong va ctv (2006b) la 5,85, nuoi tho lai thay the'25% la rau muo'ng trong khau phan ea ban la co para. Vgy, sy khac nhau ve "xua't than" cua tho con giiia cac nghiem thtrc da anh huong khac bipt de'n lupng an vao va hp so'chuyeh hoa TA.
4. KET LUAN
Nhiet dO 23-30,5''C irng vdi dp am 74- 84,3%, ke't hpp moi truang thong thoang giiip tho tang truong tot. Chi tieu sinh san tren tho mp 6 5 cong thirc phol gio'ng khong khac biet lon, khong tha'y giam kha nang sinh truong, sinh san, ngoai trir khoi luprng tho con liic so sinh.
Khoi lupng cai sira liic 4 tuan va 4 thang CLia 5 NT nhu nhau. Tuy nhien, tho eon tir 2 cong thiic Cali x NZ; Cali x DP cho tieu to'n thiic an tha'p nha't co y ngiila thohg ke.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
I. Dinh Van Binh (2003), Ky thugt chan nuoi tho New Zealand, California va tho lai 6 gia dinh. NXB Nong nghiep. Ha Npi.
KHKT Chan nudi So 1 0 - 2 0 1 5
CHAN NUQl B Q N G V A T VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
2 Dong N.T.K., Thu N.V. and T.R. Preston (2006a), 6 Men L.T. (2006), Genetic and nutntional diversity of Effect of dietary protein supply on the reproductive sweet potato {Ipomoea batatas), water spinach {Ipomoea performance of crossbred ralibits. Proceedings on aquatica) and water hyacinth (Echhomia crassipes) and Workshop on forages for pigs and rabbits, Phnom their potential as pig feed in the Mekong Delta of Penh, page 176. Vietnam. Proceedings on Workshop on forages for 3 Dong N.T.K., Thu N.V., Brim Ogl. u.d T.R. P « s t o « » ""^ "''''"=•'"'"'»" ""^ P'B' 25.
(2006b), Effect of supplementation level of water Spinach 7 Minitab 2013, Minitab reference manual release 16.2, {Ipomoea aquatica) leaves in diets based on para grass Minitab Inc, USA,
(Brachiaria mutica) on intake, nutrient utilization, growth^ g ^ ^ . ^ ^ p^^^ ^003), Ky thugt nuSi thd NXB Van Hoa - rate and economic returns of crossbred rabbits in the p . ^ j .
Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Proceedings on Workshop on
foraees for pies and rabbits, Phnom Penh, page 169, 9 Nguyen Van Thu (2004), Giao trinh chan nu6i tho. Khoa ., . ^ , Nong nghiep va SHUt), Dai hpc Can Tho.
4 Phan Thuan Hoang (2006), Theo doi nang suat smh san
ciia tho lai'duvc nufii bang co long tay. Id rau muong va 10- Nguyen Thi Xoan (2007), Nghien cuu I5ng trpng tho thuc an hon hpp. Lu|n van ky su, Khoa Nong nghiep va l^i tai An Giang. Lugn van thgc si, Khoa Nong nghiep SHCTD, Dgi hpc can TTio. va SHUt), Dgi hpc Can Iho.
5 Hoang Thj Xuan Mai (2005), Tho • ky thugt cham s6c.
NXB Nong nghiep, tp Ho Chi Minh.
HIEU QUA SU" DUNG CHE PHAM IM TRONG XU" LY CHAT THAI RAN VA LONG 6 TRANG TRAI CHAN NUOI LQN
^ 1, Phan Dang Thang^', Dinh Thi Thu Hoa^, Biii Thi Dung^, Biti Nggc Thuan\
/ <(j H ' Vii Vdn Cong^, Pham Thi Mai Huong^, Pham Tie'n DUng^ vd VU Dinh Ton' Ngay nhan bai bao: 09/03/2015 - Ngay nhgn bai phan bi?n: 19/03/2015
Ngay bai bao duoc cha'p nhan dang; 30/03/2015 T6M TAT
Nghien cihi sir dyng ehe pham vi sinh vat ban dja IM (Indigenous Microorganism) trong xii If chat thai r^n va long nham giim thieu 6 nhiem moi truong ch3n nuoi 1cm trang trgi trong thtri gian 6-12/2014. Thi nghidm du9c bo tri ngau nhiSn voi 3 lan l^p l^i theo 3 nong do ch^ pham IM (CTl la 0,1%; CT2 la 0,2%;
CT3 la 0,3%) va cong thiic doi chiing (CTO) sir dyng ehe pham EM miic 0,2%. Nghien cim bude dau cho tha'y tiem nSng san xua't, nhan gio'ng ehe'pham IM de dang trong dieu ki|n n6ng hp, trang trgi chan nuoi.
Che pham IM co nong dp cac vi sinh vat hieu khi, ye'm khi tong so dgt kha cao (10*CFU/ml). Che pham IM CO hoat tinh phan giai Cellulose va tinh bpt cao (lO'CFU/ml). Sir dyng che'phain niy trong xii 1^ cha't thai ran va cha't thai long tai trang trai chan nuoi lpn buxjc dau mang lai hi^u qua kha quan. Cac chi tidu COD, BODs deu giam xuong voi sy sai khae co y nghia thong kS ro ret (P<0,05). BODs mSu nuoc thai sau 5 ngJty thi nghiem giam con 166,7 mg/1 6 CT2 den 181,7 mg/1 6 CTl so voi 433,3 mg/1 a mlu niroe truoc xi> ly.
COD giam xu&ig con 618 mg/16 CT2 den 711 mg/1 6 CTl so voi 1.930 mg/1 truoc khi xir ly. Chi tieu BODs dat nguong cho phep xa thai tlieo tieu chu&i nganh TGN 678-2006. Nhung chua dat theo QCVN 40:2011 danh cho nuoc thai cong nghi|p. Cac chi tieu vi sinh vgt gay hai nhu Coliform va £. coli giam hon so voi mau chat thai chua xu ly voi ca ehat thai long va ran. Tuy vay, can co cac nghiin cihi sau hon theo doi v?
nong dp, hogt tinh cita ehe'pha'm IM theo cac moi truong nuoi duong khac nhau va xir ly cha't thai ran va long theo cac mua vy, logi Mr\h trang trgi khae nhau.
Tiekhda: Chdn nudi lgn, Che pham IM (Indigenous Microorganism), Phdn lgn. Nude thdi.
1 Trung lam Nghien cuu lien nganh PTNT, HQC vi?n Nong nghi?p Viet Nam ' Nh6m sinh vien tham gia nghien cihi, Khoa ChSn nuoi va NTTS 'Khoa Nong hpc. Hoc vign Nong nghiep Viet Nam
• Tac gia de lien he: TS. Phan Dang Thang, Trung tam Nghien ciru lien nganh PTNT, HQC vien Nong nghiep Vigt Nam, Tiau Quy, Gia Lam, Ha Npi. Dien thoai: (84 4) 38676361, Di dpng' 0912610298, Email: [email protected]
84 KHKT Chan nuoi So 10 - 2015
