( ^ H A N NUOl BpNG VAt vA CAC VAN DE KHAC^
KHAO SAT s y BIEN DONG NHIET DO VA DO A M CUA MAY AP TV DQNG VA ANH HlTOlVG TUOI CUA DAN GA GIONG
LEN TI LE AP NOf TRlTNG
Nguyen Nhul Xudn Dung . Luu Huu Manh^, Truang Vdn Phu&c l.MOfiAU
Ng^nh chan nuoi g^ cong nghi?p 6 nudc la dang phSt trien de cung cap thjt cho ngu5i lieu diing. Do d6, nhu c4u con giong ga Ihjl Iiic mpl ngay luoi rat cao va quan trpng d^ day chuyen san xual dugc thanh cong. C6 nhilu nguySn nhan Snh hudng din ti 1? nd va siic s6ng cua gia cam nhu giong va dong ga bo m?, tu6i sinh s^n ciia ga mai (Tarongoy va cs, 1990; Tona va cs, 2004). Theo Sapp va cs (2004), he s6 di truyin ve ti 1$ triJTig c6 phoi va no bien dpng tCr 0,06 din 0,13; dilu n5y n6i len ring cac tinh lrang khong di Iruyen dnh hudng r^t lan din cac tinh trang nSy nhu chuang trinh chilu sang, dinh du5ng, qudn ly, khdi lugng tru-ng, thdi gian va dilu ki?n bao quan trimg (Wilson, I99I). Cac may ap trung dugc Ihill ke mo phdng vai trd cua ga m? dl cung cip dieu ki?n moi Irudng vl nhi^t dp, dp 3m tdi hao cho s^r phat trien ciJa phoi den khi nd. May ip Irung ly dpng cd uu dilm la thuan li?n v? sinh sat Irung tieu dpc, s6 Iupng triing ip nhieu, tuy nhien do dilu khiln hoan toan ly dpng nen cd thl cd nhilu yeu Id anh hudng din chit Iupng nhu nhi?l dp va dp im trong Id ip sg anh hudng den chat lugng con giong cung nhu li 1$ nd (Permsak, 1996).
' Bp Mon Chan nufli, Trudng D?i Hpe Cha Tho.
' Bp Mon Thli y, Tnr&ng D?i Hpe C5n Tho.
' Tni6ng D|i hpe Tien Giang.
« Tic gia Ak lien h§: PGS.TS. NguySn Nhirt Xufln Dung. Bp mfln Chan nuoi, Khoa N6ng nghidp v^ Sinh hpe img dung, Tnr&ng D^i hpe CSn Tha TP Cin Tho. Dien tho?i:
0907.119.538. Email: [email protected].
Do do muc lieu cua de tai la khao sSl sy bien dpng cCia cac Ihong sd Id ap ly dpng nhu nhi?t dp, dp am cua may ap da n3ng va Snh hudng cua tuoi de trirng cua dan ga gidng bo me len li 1? ap nd trirng ciia ga mpt ngay tuoi.
2. NQI DUNG VA PHl/CTNG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.1. Thdi gian vii dja diem Ihi nghifm
Thi nghiem dugc lien hanh Irong 3 thang tai Trai ChSn nudi ga gidng cdng nghiep thupc xa Phudc Tan, huyen Xuyen Mpc, Tinh Ba Rja Vung Tau.
2.2. Chuang Irai nudi ga san xuat trung giong Ga mai de dugc nudi trong chudng kin cd h?
thdng lam mat tu ddng, chudng dupc thiet ke theo hudng Ddng - Tay, mai ddi, lap bang tdn.
Chudng cd dien lich 90m x 10m, phia Irudc chudng cd he thdng Iam mat bang nudt: va cudi chudng bd tri 6 quat hut lo^i Idn vdi dudng kinh 1,4 - 1,5m. Hai ben hdng chudng dugc phii bat tring di dpng. Ben trong gdm cd 2 dSy chudng, mSi day chudng dupc thiet ke 3 tang, ga dugc nudi trong lung d chudng rieng bipt vdi m^t dp 3 con/d (di^n tich 40cm x 46cm x 30cm). H^
Ihdng mang' an Iam bing nhya Irai dai va dugc dat phia trudc chudng. Hp Ihong mdng udng vdi mim udng ly ddng dugc dat phia tren chudng.
Anh sang sir dyng lrong chudng la anh sang nhan lao, chudng dugc chieu sang bdi h^ thdng den ty dpng cd h?n gid. Nhiet dp trong chudng Iudn dn dmh khoang 25 - 27V nhd vao h? thdng kilm soat nhiet dp tu dgng.
KHKT Chan nuoi S6 10 - 2012
C H A N N U O I DONG VAT vA CAC VAN Pfc K H A C
2.3. Phdng np trung
Phdng ip dugc xSy kin, thiet ke Iheo hudng Ddng - Tfiy, mfii ddi, lgp bing tdn, cd di^n tfch 48m^ dugc xfiy bing tirdng, iicn bSng ximfing, trong phdng ip d$i: 2 mfiy nd, 2 mfiy ip, phdng de dy trd triing vfi phdng phun vficxin khi gfi con mdi nd.
2.4. Mjy Sp (rung
De tfii dugc thyc hi?n trfin 2 mfiy ap da nfing, hi?u mfiy lfi PTl 00, do cdng ty c6 phin CP Thfii Lan sfin xuil, nfing suit ciia mfiy Ifi 90.000 trirng. Mfic dii mfiy do cimg mpt cdng ty sfin xuil nhung dugc mua Ifim 2 dgt khfic nhau, nen dl Ifii theo ddi de so sfinh sy khfic bi$t vl cac Ihdng so nhi?l dp, dp im cua 2 mfiy qua cfic lan ip trirng khae nhau.
Hai may ip dugc dfit song song nhau lrong phdng ip, may ip gdm cd 2 cua trudc vfi 2 cua sau cd di^n tich 21m2, hai cira sau cd Ifip d?t 4 cfinh qu^t, 2 cua trudc cd chira bp dilu khiln PTIOO. Tren mfiy ap cd gin mfiy Ignh de dilu hda nhipt dp khi nhipt dp mfiy ip lfing 16n qufi cao. Ben trong mfiy fip dugc Ihilt ke 2 dfiy chua xe dyng trung, gi&a 2 dfiy cd I loi di rpng khoang 0,4m.
2.5. Giong gfi thi nghidm
Bh tfii lien hanh tren 13.000 gfi mfii dd b6 m?
giong Ross 308 nhgp tir Uc, Itic bit diu thi nghi?m, dfin gfi mfii ta 24 tuan tuoi cd 7.000 con vfi dfin gfi mfii gia 56 luin tuoi cd 6.000 con. Cfic
•gfi Ihi nghidm dfi dugc chung ngira vfi x6 giun trudc khi thi nghi§m. Trimg gfi ip thl nghidm dupc lay tir 2 dfin gfi Iheo ddi.
2.6. Dyng c^ thf nghiim
G6m c6 xe dyng khay triing, vl trimg, 2 thung dyng thu6c formol vfi thu6c tim, I tii Ignh dl chira thu6c vficxin, 2 bdng dfin soi trimg gfi, 3
xe dl lya gfi con sau khi nd vfi 1 mfiy phun vficxin cho gfi con mdi nd.
2.7. B6 trf Ihi nghidm
Thi nghi?m dugc ihyc hi^n theo the thtrc Ihira s6 2 nhfin t6, nhan to thir I Ifi luoi ciia gfi mfii dfi (24 va 56 luan), nhan to thur 2 Ifi may fip (mfiy 1 va 2). Cd lil cfi 4 nghipm thirc (NT).
NT 1: mfiy ip I, tuoi gfi de 24-32 tuin Iu6i.
NT 2: mfiy ip I, lu6i gfi dfi 56-64 tuin tuoi.
NT 3: mfiy ap 2, tuoi gfi dfi 24-32 luan \u6\.
NT 4: may ip 2, luoi gfi dfi 56-64 tuin tudi.
Thi nghidm dugc lap Igi 3 lin cd long cpng Ifi 12 don vj ihi nghi?m.Tuang ung 12 Ian ap tning trfin 2 mfiy, thdi ky ip tning la 21 ngfiy.
2.8. Qui trinh ap 2.8.1. Nhan trung
Khi Iriing dugc dua ldi tram ap, lai khu vyc giao nhgn, kiem tra Igi toan bg cac khay ip, Iogi nhQng trimg khdng dgt lieu chuan (trimg bin, Irimg bj rgn nin), ghi vfio so cfic so li?u ve nguon goc Iriing, gidng ga. can tning mlu (khofing 5%) de biet khdi lugng trung binh quan.
2.8.2. Xong sdt triing trung
Til xdng Irimg Ifi tu kin hofin toan, cd nhilu gifi dd de xep triing Ien. Trimg giing s5 dugc dua vfio tli xdng dfi sfit trimg bfing KMn04 vfi formo!
khoang 30 phut. Sau dd dugc dua ngay vfio kho bfio qufin ho$c may ip dfi dugc v? sinh, sfil hung.
Nhipt dp trong kho trOmg d tuin diu dfim bfio tdt nhit Ifi 15-16°C, sau dd gifim xuong cdn 1 2 ^ . 2.8.3. Chpn trdrng &p
T6ng so tning dem ip Ifi 110.674 qufi, trong dd cd 40.832 qufi tnhig cua gfi mfii to vfi 69.842 qufi ciia gfi mfii gifi. Tning dem ip phfii cd trimg dgt khoi lugng 55-68g, cd hinh ovan r5 nfit vfi deu, Iogi bd triing meo, qufi dai, qufi ngfin.Vd tning ip phfii dfiy vira phfii, cting, nhfin, d6ng 40 KHKT Chan nuoi S6 10 - 2012
CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC V A N DE K H A C mfiu, Iogi bd trimg vd mdng, yeu, sin siii, rgn mil
vfi ban, vi nhflng trirng nfiy boc hai nudc nhanh va vi khuin de xam nhgp vfio Irimg.
khoang tren dudi 6h den khl mfiy dal nhi?t dp 37,5 C vfi dp am 99,5%, sau dd xip trirng vfio mfiy ap.
2.8.4. Chudn bf mdy dp
Sau khi vp sinh sfil irCing d l mfiy khd, cho mfiy chgy tdi khi du nhipt dp vfi dO i m ap rdi xdng Ihuoc sfit trCing. Sau khi xdng xong, cho mfiy chay
Bfing I. Chuvng trlnh nhi^l dp am 6Q cua mfiy i p ttr dpng 2.8.5. Chuang trinh nhift dp va d^ dm
Chuang Irinh nhipt dp dp im ciia mfiy dugc cfii d§l theo chu ky ap (Bang I).
NgSy I-IO 10-12 12-14
1 }
16-21
Nhifl d^ » b i u k 99.9 99,6 99.2 98.8 98,8
1 khe. ' F Nhift d$, "C 37.7 37.5 37.3 37.1 37,1
Nhi^t dp o* bau ke u*t, " F *Op am tu-ong doi, % 60.3 55,3 56,3 57,3 57.3
* hltp://www.ringbell.co.uk/info/humid hliu 2.9 Cfic chi tieu theo ddi
Ti Ip de (%): tdng %h trting thu dugc Irong ky tht nghipm/ sd ga mai dfi.
Ti lfi tnJmg dem ip (%); long so tning dem ap/tdng so triing thu dugc.
Ti I^ tning VOB(%): SO triing vQa/ sd lugng tning nhfip vfio.
Ti lfi tning chet phdi (%): sd trirng chet phoi/
sd Iupng Iriing nhgp vfio.
Sd lugng tning vfio nd: s6 \uqn% tning nhap vao - (sd trimg chet phdi + sd trung viJa).
Ti Ip tning nd (%): so lugng gfi nd/ sd lugng tning vfio nd.
Ti Ip soi 15 ngay: so lugng triing vfio nd/sd lugng triing nhap vao.
Ti 1$ nd so vdi ban dau: s6 lugng gfi nd/so lugng triing n h ^ vfio.
2.10. Phuong phap xir ly so Iipu
Sd Iipu dugc ghi nhan hang'ngay dugc nhap vao chuang trinh Excel xii ly sa bp. Sau do tifin hanh phan lich phuang. sai, sir dung chuong trinh Minitab 13.2.
3. KET QUA VA BAN LUAN
3.1. Cac thong so nhiet dp d$ am ciia mfiy ap Trong sudt giai dogn tien hanh Ihi nghipm, cfi 2 may dfiu boat dpng lien tuc khdng cd sy cd nhu hdng mfiy, bi mat dien xay ra, may hogt dpng tdl va dn dinh.
3.1.1. Su biin dgng dg dm mdy dp trong ngdy vd theo chu ky dp
Sy bien dpng dp am ciia mfiy fip trong ngfiy dirge trinh bay d Bfing 2.
Bfing 2. Sv b i l n dOng cua b l u k l trfii (°F) trong ngfiy ciia 2 mfiy su6t chu Wf i p triing
Ngiy 7h
I-IO 86,08
M i y I 10-12 12-15 86.15 86,25
15-21 86.22
I-IO 86,16
M£y2 10-12 12-15 86.09 86.05
15-21 86.06
KHKT Chiin nudi So 10 - 2012
41
CHAN NUOI DONG VAT VA CAC VAN Pfc KHAC
Ngiy 8h 91i lOh Hh 12h 13h 14h 1511 16h 17h ISIl 19h 20h 21h 221i . 23h
1-10 86.14 86.11 86.17 85.99 86.01 86.02 86.06 86.06 86.07 86.25 86,13 86.22 86.23 86.07 86,19 86,07
M.
10-12 86,35 86.25 86,55 86,22 86,15 86,11 86,26 86,12 86,10 86,58 86,32 86,31 86,40 86,41 86,21 86,19
iiy 1 12-15 86,35 86.20 86,24 86,31 85,92 86,46 86,38 86,39 86,38 86,61 86,14 86,17 86,20 86,19 86,06 86,01
15-21 86.20 86.15 85.87 86.19 85.74 86.06 85.97 85.95 86.02 85.98 85.98 86.01 86.00 86.05 86.01 85.94
1-10 86.15 86.13 86.10 86.12 86.25 86.11 86,11 86,06 86,08 86.08 86,01 86.06 86.02 86.09 86.04 85.78
10-12 86.14 86.09 86.22 86.19 86.27 86.05 86.12 86.09 86.08 86.56 86.15 86.22 86.43 86.48 86.02 85.57
M i y 2 12-15 86.08 86.04 86.15 85.96 86.11 86.01 86.08 86.18 86.12 86.51 86.19 86.22 86,20 86,37 85,99 86.17
15-21 85.99 86.23 86.22 86,27 86,27 86,04 86,17 86,21 86.30 86,12 86,09 85,97 85,96 86,03 86,03 85.96 Trung binh
DO hn tuong ddi, %
±SD
86,11 60,13 0,08
86,27 60,14 0,14
86,25 59,82 0,17
86,02 59.32 0.12
86.08 57.94 0.10
86.16 59.83 0.22
86.14 59.82 0.14
86.11 59.78 0,12
Cfi hai may deu hogt dpng on djnh, lrong sudi chu ky ap, ca hai mfiy deu duy tri dp am nhu nhau (P=0,75). Nhipt dp Irung binh ciia bau ke udt ciia may I qua cfic thdi difim I-IO; 10-12; 12-15 vfi 15-21 ngfiy lin lugl la 86,11; 86,27; 86,25 va 86,02''F. Nhipt dp do dupc tir bau ke udt dugc qui ddi ve dp am luang ddi qua cfic gial dogn ip Ifin lupt Ifi 60,13% (I -10 ngfiy); 60,14% (10-12 ngfiy);
59,82%(I2-15 ngfiy) va 59,32% (I6-2Ingfiy).
Doi vdi mfiy 2, dg am cung dugc duy tri luang ty theo thdi gian ip lin lugt Ifi 86.08;
86,18; 86,14 va 86,1 TF. Nhipt dp do dugc lir biu kfi udt dugc qui ddi vfi dp am tuang doi qua cfic giai dogn ip Ian lugt Ifi 57,94% (1-10 ngfiy);
59,83% (10-12 ngfiy); 59,82% (12-15 ngfiy) vfi 59,78% (16-21 ngfiy).
Dp am trong phdng ip rit quan trpng dl dam bfio ngirng mit hoi nudc ciia triing trong
qufi trinh fip. Theo Robertson (I96I), dp am tuong ddi tdi hao de tnjng gfi nd tdl la 50%, theo Lundy (1969) bifin dg dp am luang ddi de dgt ti Ie nd an loan kha rgng 40-70%. Theo Bruzual va cs (2000), ti Ip nd cao nhfit khi dp fim tuong ddi cua mfiy ap khofing 53%. Nhu vgy dp am tuang ddi ciia mfiy nfim lrong khofing cho phep de trirng nd tot.
Sy bien dgng vfi dO fim trong ngfiy vfi giila cfic ngfiy cung rit it.
Ndi chung cfi 2 mfiy deu vgn hanh tdt, d0 im dn dinh dgt yeu cau cho mfiy ap trirng.
3.1.2. S(r bien dpng nhift dg mdy dp trong ngdy vd theo chu ky dp
Sy bien dpng nhipt dp ctia mfiy ip trong ngfiy vfi chu ky ip dugc trinh bay qua Bang 3.
42 KHKT Chan nuoi So 10 - 2012
CHAN NUOI DONG VAT VA CAC VAN BE KHAC
NgSy 7h 8h 9h lOh llh 12h 13h 14h I5h I6h 17h 18h 19h 20h 21h 22h 23h
Bang 3. S^' bi^n dQng
1-10 37.01 37.08 37.09 37.08 37,11 37,10 37,12 37,10 37.09 37.09 37.08 37.08 37.08 37.10 37.08 37.08 37,07 Trung binh 37.08
±SD 0,02
1-12 37.03 37.08 37.10 37,11 37,10 37,10 37,13 37,13 37,12 37.12 37.12 37.10 37.13 37.11 37.12 37,11 37,08 37,10 0,02
v^ nhift d9 ("C) trong ngiy MJly 1
12-15 37,14 37,13 37,16 37,10 37,18 37,14 37,22 37,24 37,22 37,23 37,22 37,13 37,11 37,11 37,14 37,12 37,12 37,16 0,05
15-21 37,13 37,12 37,11 37.12 37.17 37.12 37.16 37.15 37.15 37.15 37.16 37.12 37.09 37.09 37.11 37.10 37.09 37.13 0.03
cua 2 mdy
1-10 37.48 37.48 37.50 37,49 37.49 37.49 37.51 37.51 3,7.51 37.49 37.50 37.48 37.49 37.47 37.49 37.48 37.47 37,49
0,01
su6l chu ky a p triing Miy 2 1-12 37.09 37.09 37.11 37.09 37.09 37,11 37,12 37,11 37,12 37,09 37,06 37,10 37,12 37,11 37.10 37.09 37.07 37.10
0.02 12-15
37.06 37.07 37.08 37.06 37.08 37.12 37.11 37.09 37.10 37.10 37.04 37.10 37.10 37.08 37.09 37.09 37.09 37.09
0.02 1.5-21
37.07 37.06 37,07 37.09 37.10 37.13 37.13 37.13 37.15 37.13 37.12 37.10 37.10 37.10 37.09 37.09 37.09 37.10 0.02
Tinh tir I-IO ngfiy ap, trong 24 gid, nhifit dp khdng khi, nfin Iam giam dugc finh hudng nhiet trung binh ciia hai may khdng khae nhau nhifiu, dp mdi Irudng tac ddng len phdng ip.
mfiy fip I cd nhifit dp Ifi 37,08''C vfi mfiy 2 la
37,49V. Tir ngfiy 10-12 ca 2 mfiy diu dat nhifit dp 3.2. Anh hurnig tuoi ciia dan ga mai de bfing nhau Ifi 37,I0"C. mfiy 2 tilp lyc cung duy tri 32.I. Tiledi vd ti I? trirng dem dp a nhifit dd 37,10 C vfi mfiy I ciing bien dpng rat il.
Ml,--. J- - J- ;. = J- u ^ u 1- ^ Tl ie de va ll Ip trung dem ap cua ga Ross 308 Nhipi do nay da rat on dnh trong suot chu ky ap ,, ..,..„ , ^^ ^. \ -,. . . , , .
^.. . . , I . . . luc 24-32 va 55-64 luan luot dugc Innh bay qua 21 ngay cua trung, dieu nay cho Ihay ca hai may _ , . ^ . ^^ ^-, , 1 . J- - .. 1- J . I. m o-m/
ji • I Bang 4. Ga 24-32 tuan luoi co li le de la 81,83%
deu van hanh Idt, nhiet do rfit on dmh Irone chu . . • ^ i- *• ce ^ • i- -ic m/ . u-- , • ' . ^ , . * cao hem ga co tuoi de 56 tuan la 75,5%, tuy nhien ky ap. Nhifit dd Idt nhat Ifi 37,8 C de dfim bao „ ,\,UA^ U-S, ^,,..4.„A.-, i,-^ .uA«„ bs/D^nm^
•' ^f •, •, ; sy khae btet nay rat co y nghta thong ke (P<0.01).
phdi phfit trien tdt va nd cao nhfit. Mfiy fip nfin cd
nhiet dp duy tri lir 37,2 - 37,7°C. Mirc chap nhgn Bfing 4. Ti I? de vfi ti I? Iriing dem ip Ifi 36-38,9''C. Ti I? chfit phdi cao khi nhifit dd hg
- • -..^ . ,- -,^.0^ J -1 I Gi 56-64 G^ 24-32 „ „„
xuong con 35,6 va Ien 39,4 C trong vfii gid sfi tu^n ,ujn P SE tangtiIecheicuagficon(Wilson, 1991;Lourens. Tiifde % 7550 8183 <00l 037 2001). Khi qufi trimg ip dugc 18 ngfiy, nd sfin ,., .^.^^^^ ^^^ ./„ .^^^^ 93^83 <o!oi 0^58 smh nhi?t nhieu hon can thiet vi v^y cung phSi —
cSn lam giam nhi?t do Sp. Nhin chung nhi?t d§ j , ^ , ^^1 ^j g|j„g ^j ^ ^ g ^^ 5j„ ^j„g ciia 2 may ap rat on djnh, liel qui nay c6 the la do „g,,|jp ^rbor Acres va Lohmann Brown, li 1? de may ap ditoc dat trong phong c<S ISp mdy di6u hoa tang dta tCr tuin thil 24 d6n 45, sau do giam din
KHKT Chan nudi 8610-2012 43
CHAN NUOI ©ONG VAT VA cAC VAN Pfe K H A C din 72 luan (Al-Basan vfi Al-Harbi. 2010). Nfin
gfi Ross ddng bo mp 24-32 tuin tu6i cd tl Ip dfi cao han 55-64 tuin tu6i. Ngofii ra li 1$ trirng dem ip cila gfi 24-32 luin tufii cijng dgt cao hon (93,83%) gfi 56-64 tuin tufii (84,00%) (P<0,01).
Doi vdi gfi dfi trurng, Ihdi gian khai thfic tfii da tir 60 din 75 tuin, ti Ifi logi tiiy Ihudc vfio ti 1$ dfi ciia gfi. Dfin gfi thi nghifim cd tufii dfi 56-62 tuin cd ti 1? dfi vfi ti Ip trirng dgt tifiu chuin ip bit diu s^it gifim so vdi gfi to, dieu niy cd thl do cd nhilu
nguyfin nhfin finh hudng nhung trong dd chiing Idi nhfin thiy mirc lieu thy nfing lugng ciia ga lgi trgi cao din din mfip md do gfi mfii dugc cho fin t^ do, lugng Ihirc fin trung binh/gfi/ngfiy Ifi 130 g.
3.2.2. Anh huang cua tudi ddn gd ISn cdc chi tii-u dp nd' cda trd-ng gd
Anh hudng tufii ciia gfi Ifin cfiC chi lifiu ap nd cua trirng dugc trinh bfiy qua Bfing 5.
Bfing 5. Anh hu'o'ng luoi <M iuii gfi len cfic chf tifiu i p nu ciia Irung
,
Ti l§ vaa Ti 1^ chcl phOi Til$ phfli sing 15 ngdy Ti It no Ti 1$ ndr so vdi d^u v^o Ti 1$ gd con bi loaiGd 56-64 luun tudi 14.35 2.38 83.27 88.71 73.84 2.92
Cd 24-.32 tu^n tuoi 15,74 2.99 81.25 88.54 71.91 2.38
P 0.46 0.46 0.35 0.95 0.45 0.42
se
1.25 0,54 1,42 2.11 1.70 0.45 Khdng cd sy khfic bipt ve luoi ciia dfin gfi Ifin
cac chi tifiu fip nd tning (P>0,05). Ti Ifi trimg cd phdi sdng 15 ngfiy ciia gfi gia (83,27%) cao hem ga to (81,25%), tuy nhien khdng cd s^r khfic bipt ve thdng kfi (P=0,35). Ti lfi tning nd so vdi sd lugng trirng ban diu ciia gfi mfii gia (73,84%) cao hon so vdi ga Ross 308 lo (71,91%), tuy nhifin sir khfic biet nfiy khdng cd y nghTa thong kfi (P = 0.45).
Bang 6. So sfinh nfing suit mfiy i p 1^ d^ng ISn cfic chi tieu i p nd Irung gfi Ti Ip ga con mdi nd bj Iogi cua dan gfi mfii gia (2,92%) vfi to iuong duang nhau (2,38%).
3.2.3. Anh huang cua mdy dp ten cht tieu dp na cua trung gd
Sg bifin dpng ciia may i p Ifin cfic chi lifiu ip nd ciia Iriing gfi dugc trinh bfiy qua Bang 6.
T i 1$ Injmg vita T i IS Irimg ch^t phfli T i 1$ phoi sdng luc 15 ngdy T i 1$ tnhig no T i 1$ tn>ng n6 so v6i ban dAu T i 1? In>ng gd lo^i
M d y 1 15.11 2.98 81.89 91.01 74.50 1.89
M d y 2 14.98 2.39 82.63 86.24 71.25 3.41
P 0.94 0.47 0.72 0.16 0.22 0.05
SE 1.25 0.54 1.42 2.11 1.70 0.45
Ca hai miy ap deu c6 ti 1? trihig vOa, tnhig chSt phoi v4 ti I? trfmg soi luc 15 ngiy (P>0,05) nhir nhau. Ti 1? trimg nd d miy I (91,01%) cao hon ti 1? trumg n* ft mdy 2 (86,24%), tuy nhien sir khae bi?t niy khong c6 y nghia thong ke (P=0,I6). Ti I? trimg nft so vfti ban dau ft miy I (74,50%) CO khuynh huftng cao hon so vfti ban dau ft miy 2 (71,25%), mjc du sit khic bi?t khftng CO sir khic bi?t eft y nghTa (P=0,22). Ti I; trirng ga
loji ft miy I (1,89%) thdp hon may 2 (3,41%) tit cd y nghTa (P=0,05).
3.2.4. Anh hudng cua tuoi di Irimg va mdy Sip lin ctic chi tiiu apn&cHa trirng
Anh huftng cOa tu6i 6k trimg va miy 5p len cic chi tieu dp nft cua trihig A\K^ trinh bay qua Bing 7.
44 KHKT Chan nuoi Sd 10 - 2012
CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT vA CAc VAN DE KHAC
Bang 7. Anh hud'ng luii 6& triing vfi mfiy ip ISn cfic chi lieu ip nd ciia triing M^y iip I
Ti l§ trimg vita, % Ti 1? tnhig chSI phfli. % Ti 1? phoi sflng luc 15 ngdy.%
Til$nd.%
Ti 1^ no so vdi ban d W % Tilegdloai.%
Gd 56-64 tuiin 13.20 2.50 84.30 90.99 76.65 1.66
Gd 24-32 tuAn 17.02 3.46 79.49 91.03 72.35 2.12
Gd 56-64 tuAn 15.50 2,26 82,24 86,43 71,03 4,19
Cd 24-32 (uan 14.46 2.52 83.02 86.05 71.47 2.63
P 0.22 0.66 0.21 0.95 0.36 0.16
SE 1.77 0.76 2.01 2,98 2.41 0.64
Ti lfi trung vihi, tning chet phdi, ti I? nd, ti lfi
phdi song Iuc 15 ngay khdng bj finh hudng bdi 4. KET LUAN
tuoi gfi vfi mfiy ip. Mfic dii khdng khfic bipt cd y Ti Ip dfi va ti le triing dugc dem fip ciia dfin nghia (P=0,16), mfiy ip 1 cd ti lfi trirng nd so vdi gfi mfii 56-64 tufin thfip han so vdi dfin gfi mfii la s6 trimg dua vao ip ban dau tren cfi 2 lo^i tuoi ga 24-32 tuin ludi. Tuy nhifin, li Ip trting nd va li le cd khuynh hudng cao hem mfiy 2. Mfiy 1 cung cd tning gfi bj loai khdng bj finh hudng bdi tudi ga ti Ip nd la 90,99 - 91,03%, cao hem so vdi mfiy 2 mfii, cfi 2 mfiy ip tu ddng kilm sofit su difiu hda
" Ifi 86,05-86,43%. Vi thfi may fip 1 van cd ti le nhiet dp va do im rit tdl sudt chu ky ip nhu nhau.
Uiing gfi bi lo^i thip hon mfiy ip 2. Ddi vdi gfi Nfin dfim bao nhifit dO khofing 37°C va fim dp mai 56 tuin ludi, li Ip ga logi lfi 4,19% cao hon tuong ddi khofing 60% thdi gian fip Irimg dfi dat ti may 1 (1,66%). Ifi nd tdt.
Variations in automatic incubator temperature and humidity and effects of breeder flock age on egg production and hatchability of broiler hatching eggs
Nguyen Nhul Xuan Dung, Luu Huu Manh, Truong Van Phuoc An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of ages and incubators on hatched chicks from eggs produced by young and old broiler breeders flocks. There were 110.674 eggs used In this study. Egg treatments that were produced from flocks of broiler breeder Ross 308 at 24-32 and 56-64 weeks of age, were randomly distributed into two similar automatic incubators that were produced in different batches. The varitations of temperature and humidity in incubators were almost constant during incubating cycle. Egg production of the young flock (81.83%) was singificant higher than that of old flock (75.5%, P= O.OI). A higher selected eggs for incubating was observed on the young flock (93.83) as compared to the old flock (84%). Results showed non significant effect between young (24-32 weeks) and old (56-64 week of age) of breeder flocks and incubators on unfertile percent, early dead, late dead, live genn at 15''' day and hatchability of broiler hatching eggs.
Keywords: chick, hatchability, incubator, broiler breeders
KHKT Chan nuoi S6 10 - 2012 45
CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
TAI Lifu TriAMKIIAO
1, Al-Bnsnii M . M . , A l - I I f l r b l M . S . . 2010. ITIecl o f ambien icmpcrutiire. I l c t k age iind breeding slock on egg production and hatchability » r bri^ilcr hatching eggs. i:iiropcnn J. O f B i o l . Sci. 2(3) 55-(i() 2. U r u z u i i l J . J . , r c » k S. D., B r n k c .1. n i i d Peebles E.
D.. 2000, I llccls o f Rclniive Mumidily During Incubation on Hatcliabilily and Uody Weight o f Broiler Chicks from Y o u n g Breeder Flocks. Poultry Science 79:827-830
3 Lourcns A . 2001 The importance o f air vcloeily in incubation World Poultiy !7(3):29-30.
4 L u n d y h , 1969. A review o f the cfrecls o f lemperalurc, humidity, turning and gaseous environment in the incubolor on hatchability o f hen's eggs. Pages 143-176 m: The l e r t i i i t y and Hatchability o f the l i e n ' s Rgg. T C. Carter and B.
M.Frccman, c d . Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, Seolland, U K .
5. Permsak S. 1996. Effect o f water spraying and eggs turning angle l o efTiciency o f duck hatchability.
Proceedings o f the 34ih Kaselsarl university annual conference, Bangkok (Thailand)„517: 22-26.
Robertson I . J . . 1961. Studies in the effect o f humidity on the hatehabiliiy o f hen's eggs, I. The determination o f o p t i m u m h u m i d i t y for incubation. J, Agric. Sci. 57:185-194,
Sapp R . L . , Rekaya R., M i s z t a l I . a n d W i n g T . 2004. Male and female fertility and hatchability in chickens: a longitudinal mixed model approach.
Poull, Sci 8 3 : 1253-1259.
T a r o n g o y , J j r „ E d u a v e , F., a n d G e m o t a , E. K.
1990. A g e as a faclor o f hatchability. S W U C A - J.
A g r I , Res. (Philippines) 5:22-26,
T o n a K., Onagbesan C , De Ketelaere B., Decupcre F. a n d B r u g g e m a n \ ' . , 2004. Bffect o f age o f broiler breeders and egg storage on egg q i i i i l i l ) . hatchabilit). chick quality, chick Weight and chiek post hatch growth l o f o r t j ' - l w o days, J, Appl.
Poult. Res.. I 3 : - 1 0 - I 8 .
W i l s o n H . R . 1 9 9 1 . Inlcrrclalionship o f egg size.
chiek size, post hatching growth and hatchability.
World's Poull. S d . J.. 47: 5-20.
DANH GIA HIEU QUA MOT SO MO HINH THU'C AN GIA SUC TAI XA KIEN LAO, HUYEN LUC NGAN, T I N H BAC GIANG
1. MO DAU
x a Kien Lao la mpl x3 mien niii ctia huy?n Lyc Ng^in (tinh Bac Giang) c6 long di?n tich d i t t\r nhien 5608.22 ha trong do chii yeu la d i t nong lam nghi?p, dat trong liia it, phan Ian d i t lam nghidp cd hi^u qud kinh te thap \k chua dupc khai thae nhiSu, di^n tich d i t tr6ng c6 (t. Xa c6 tren 80% dan so tham gia sSn xuat nong nghidp v&
nguon thu chfnh c6a ngufri dan dvra chii yeu vko cac cay lrong hSng nftm.
x a Kien Lao cd ldng dan gia sue kha Idm, hang nam dem I^i ngudn thu nh$p cho ngucri dSn
' Tru&ng D?i hpe Su Phgm, Dgi hpe Tlifli NguySn
• T i c e^i ai lign h§: Ly Phuong BSc. Th6n Ho, Xa Kifin Lao, ItuySn Lgc Nggn, Tinh Bac Giang.
Di?n thogi: 01674.699.722. Email: [email protected]
Hodng Chung , Ly Phuang Bdc
cao hon trong trpt nhung dja phuong dang g$p nhieu kho kh5n ve thirc an ( T A ) xzmh cho dan gia sue, vi tir Iruoc den nay nguon T A chinh cda gia siic chii >eu ta T A I\r nhien, mo hinh chan nuoi d day la mo hinh chSn tha t y nhien.
Nfim 2009 huy?n Lyc Ng?in co d v an "Trong CO cao sdn VA06, chdn nuoi bo nhot tai chuong".
d c&c xa CO ti8m nfing phfit Irien chfin nuoi gia sOc day la huong d i budc d i u co IhS mang I^i hi?u qufi kinh l6 cao, dam bao phfit triSn bfin viJng nganh chfin nuoi a dja phucmg.
X u l t phfit tir nhfltig Iy do tr€n chung toi tien hanh de lai nghien cuu co ten n h u tren nhfim dSnh gifi mo hinh dang khai thfic T A gia sfic cho dia phucmg va hi?u qufi kinh t l ciia n6; trong thii nghidm them 4 lofii c6 6k so sfinh, d6 la c6 voi.
46 KHKT Chan nuoi So 10 - 2012
