NGHIEN CUU - TRAO D 6 1
^0. ' T i - l S
\ / N G H I E N CU'U ANH HU'd'NG HIEU U'NG DIEN DUNG C O A NU'O'C BI^N DEN MANG DIEN GAY N 6
TRONG N 6 DU'OI BIEN
STUDY OF EFFECTS OF THE SEA WATER CAPACITANCE ON ELECTRIC CIRCUIT EX- PLOSION IN UNDERWATER SEA EXPLOSION
TS. Le Van Trung', ThS. T8 Diic Tho', ThS. Nguyin Duy HBng' 'Vien Ky thuat Cong binh, Binh chiing Cong binb
^ien Ky thuat Cong ttinh Dae biet, Hpc vien Ky thuat Quan su
^Vien Cong ngh?, Tong cue Cong nghiep Quoc phong
Thuc tien qud trinh nghien ciru, no thti, no that a moi tnamg nuac bien cho thay, nuac biin CO inh huang rat nhieu din mgng diin gdy no duai hieu img dien dung. Khi tiin hanh ni lan, neu mgng dien chudn bi khong chu ddo, hieu ting dien dung se gdy tdn thdt rit nhiiu din hieu qua ni Nghien dm nay trinh bdy dnh hutyng ctia hieu tmg dlin dung cUa nuac biin din mgng dien gdy no vd de ra cdc gldi phdp hap ly nhdm gidm thiiu thiit hgi trong qud trinh gdy ni.
Til Uhoai Bien dung, mgng dim, gdy ni, nu&c biin, no du&l biin...
ABSTRACT
In process research, tests In seawater explosion showed that sea water affects on electric circuit explosion by capacitance effects. When being a big charge explosion. If the electric circuit Is not carefully prepared, capacltive effects maybe damage to the success or fail of explosion. This study presents the Impact of capacltive effects of the seawater on the electric circuit and give some solutions to minimize failed In the process of exploding.
Keywords: Capacitance, electric circuit, explosive, seawater, underwater sea explosion...
ISSN 0866-7056
TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 5 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN C U T U - T R A O D O I
1. DAT VAN DE
Cac vu nd dien ra dudi bi6n thudng la cac vu nd vdi khdi lugng thudc nd khdng nhd va cd y nghia quan trong ddi vdi vifc phat tri6n kinh td, bao ve chu quyen bidn dao ciia Td qudc.
Nd dudi bien thudng dugc ap dung trong cac viec nhu nd md Iudng, tham dd dia ch4n, xay dimg au tau, cdng trinh qudc phdng hay ca trong tac chien tren bien... Trong trudng hgp mang dien khdng hoat dong hoac vdi hieu qua thkp thi hau qua dd Iai rat ldn, viec kilm tra, khic phuc gap nhieu khd khan va nguy hiem. Do vay, viec dam bao mang dien gay nd khdi thudc hoat ddng an toan, tin cay cd vi tri vai trd rat quan trpng trong hieu qua nd.
Di?n dung cua nudc bien cd anh hudng ldn den hoat ddng cua mang dien gay nd. Su anh hudng cua nd cd the din tdi su hoat ddng kem hoac khdng boat ddng ciia mang di?n gay nd din den nhieu hau qua ve kinh te va tham chi la tinh mang con ngudi trong qua trinh thuc hien nhi?m vu nd trdn bien. Nghien cuu ve anh hudng cua hi?u umg dien dung nudc bien den mach dien gay nd chua dugc dd cap den trong nhieu nam qua do thuc te cd rat it cac nghien cuu ve nd tren bien dugc thyc hidn hoac cdng bd.
doan day din khdng tham thau tdi ngudn la R,.
Dien trd phan cdn lai ciia day dan va kip la R^.
Hieu ling didn dung cua nudc bien qua diem tham thau la C^. Tu cac yeu td nay chung ta cd so do mang dien gay nd nhu trong hinh 1.
Rl
C--L
Rl[C:
Hinh I. Sa do mgch dien gdy nd He phuong trinh cua mang dien cd dang:
Trong dd:
U^: Hieu dien the giiia hai diu tu di?n C^.
R^: Dien trd tuong duong ciia hai thanh ph4n mac song song R^^ va R^.
Vdgiatritaco: R^ = ^ R2+Rcx Giai phuang trinh (2) ta cd:
Nhdm nghien cuu qua thuc hien nhieu vu nd ldn nhd thuc tien tren bien da thay dugc anh hudng cua hien tugng dien dung nudc bien va nghien ciiu nay trinh bay anh hudng ciia nd den mang dien gay nd dudi bien va dd ra cac giai phap khac phuc.
2. ANH HirdNG CUA DIEN DUNG NU^dC BIEN
2.1. Thi^t l^p va giai phuong trinh ciia m^ch di^n gay no cd anh hudng difn dung
Gpi ngudn dien gay nd la U^. Dien trd
Thay gia tri U^, vao phuong trinh (1) ta cd:
RiC,
' dt = Uoce cpi+Rj)
Uxb =
Giai (3) ta c6 nghiem thu: nhat la:
__5i±S2.t U x a = B . e CxRtRz Nghiem thil cip c6 dang:
UcoCR;(RitRJ
(3)
(4)
C(Ri+Rj)(Ri+Rj-RiR2C , e C(RitRs) (5)
ISSN 0866-7056
TAP CHl CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 5 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnain.vn
NGHIEN cufu - TRAO D O I
Xac dinh B:
Khi t=0 CO Ux=0 nen:
UcoCR2(Ri+R;J C(R,+R2)(R,-m,)-R,R2R,
UcoCR;(Ri-fR^
R i R 2 C x - ( R i + R 2 ) ( R i + R j C Xet thira so thii hai:
r _5ilS2_f
e CxRjRj — e <:(Ri+R,
< 0
(9).+«x) Thay cac gia tri da biet vao Uj^^U^^-^Uj^j,
tadugc: ' Vi: R i R j Q - ( R l + R2)(RJ-^RJC< 0 IIcnCRz(Ri-fRJ
|e W A - e ««i*"i) ( 6 ) R,IiiC,-(R,+Il,XB,+lOc|
K h a o s a t n g h i e m U^^:
+ T n r d n g h o p 1:
R1R2C, - ( R l -b R 2 ) ( R i + R J C > 0 Ta CO thira s6 thir nhit:
UcoCR;(Ri-l-R,) ^ RiR2Q-CRi-fR2)(Ri-fRx)C
Xet thira so thir hai:
[
_ i ± 5 2 . j t -I e CXR1R2 — e c(Ri+R,)Vi: R i R 2 C , - ( R i - | - R 2 ) ( R i 4 - R J C > 0 - R1+R2 ^ 1
nen: =- <
C,RiR2 C ( R , + R J R1+R2 t Vay: e C ^ R I R ^ > e CCR^-I-RJ,)
CjRjRj C(Ri-fRJ Vay: _ 5 l ± 5 2 _ t !
(7)
e CjRiRj < e C(Ri+Rx)
Suyra: - i i ± 5 2 - t i e C , R I R 2 — e C(Ri+Rx) > 0 (10) Tir (9) va (10) ta se thiy: Ux>D Nbu vay, ta luon co Ujj>0.
Tir (6), xet cac truang hop lien quan dgn hifu ling dien dung cua nuac biln qua di&n tham thiu C^:
+ Khi C^ —> CO ta thiy:
^__HcoCR2(Ri+Ri) _
Suyra: i'i-n'2,
• e CxRjRj _ g c(ll,+R,) > 0 Tir (7) va (8) ta se thiy: Uj,>0 + Trudng hop 2:
R 1 R 2 C , - ( R l -I- R 2 ) ( R i -I- R J c < 0 (8)
RlR2C,-(Ri-t-R2)(R,-hR,)C __Rl+R2_
(11) (12) (13) e Cj,R,R2 _, I
t e C(Ri+R,) < 1
T i r ( l l ) , ( 1 2 ) v a ( 1 3 ) t a c 6 : U x - » 0 Nhan thay U ldm nhit khi C =0, cac gia tri C^ khac lon hay n i o d6u lam c h o t j nho di.
thu nhat: T u a n g t u n h u t n , a n g h o p l , t a c 6 t h v r a s 6 Dang d6 thi U dugc thS hicn theo hinh 2:
ISSN 0866-7056
T4P CHf CO Kffl- VIET NAM, S6 5 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN CUU - TRAO D O I
Hinh 2. Sa do bien thiin cua Ux v&i Cx khdc nhau Nhan xet: De dam bao mach nd an toan, chiing ta phai tim each giam tri so C^ xudng. Khi C^ giam, U^ tang va U^ dat gia tri ldn nhit khi C=Q. Khi do ta cd:
Ux : ^ — U ™ e C(Ri+R2) R1+R2 '-"
C^ dugc xac dinh theo cong thiic:
(14)
+ Diem ndi giiia hai doan day kep nen dau so le vdi khoang each ldn hon hoac bang 1 met, chd ndi phai each dien tdt.
+ De phdng chat lugng day khdng tdt, khd phat hien chd tham thau, dudng day di va vd nen each xa nhau mdt khoang each 10 m.
+ Khi day dan cd du cd tang dien tich day d ^ bang each diu song song, Iiic dd didn trd mach ngoai giam, cudng dp ddng dien se tang, dp tin cay gay nd se tang ldn.
+ Khi Ug(. tang, Ux se tang (cac tham sd giu nguyen khdng ddi). Vi vay, cd the dau song song 2 may diem hda hoac diing may cd xung ddng cao.
3. MOT SO THU" NGHIEM NO T R I : N BIEN Cx
Trong dd:
0,8 8 ES d ~
lieifii E: Hang sd dien mdi Clia nudc bien;
«ifi S: Di?n tich dilm Ipt dien;
d: Khoang each giua hai diem hd.
2.2. Giai phap khac phuc
Tu viec thiet lap va giai phuong trinh cua mach dien gay nd cd anh hudng ciia dien dung de tim dugc hieu dien the giua hai dau tu dien, U^ va anh hudng ciia dien dung C^, nhdm nghien Cliu dua ra mpt sd giai phap lam giam gia tri C^, I lam tang U bao dam dp tin cay khi gay nd:
+ Cang dudng day din trdn cac cpc hoac s,^j phao ndi sao cho nd khdng chim trong nudc (vi hing sd dien mdi cua khdng khi nhd hon rat '4* nhidu so vdi nudc bien).
+ Dung bang dinh hoac cac loai keo each di?n bpc km diem hd khdng cho nudc bien ngam vao.
(15) De tai cap nha nudc ve nd md ludng trdn dao Da Ldn quan dao Trudng Sa [2] vdi muc tieu la nd pha da san hd dudi day bien de tao ra ludng nudc sau, dii dieu kien cho tau be cap dao an toan va hieu qua.
Nhiem vu no thi cdng cang bien Hai Ha [1], nhdm nghien ciiu da thuc hien nd tren bi8n ndng cd do sau vai met va mdi lugng nd la 50 kg TNT
Nd thuc nghiem thudc de tai cip nha nudc KC09.06/11-15 tai vimg bi8n thudc dao Son Ca, quan dao Trudng Sa [3] theo hinh 3.
Hinh 3. Cdc vu nd deu thdnh cdng
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHI VIET NAM, Sd 5 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN C U U - T R A O D O I
Cac cupc thii nghiem tren deu dugc tinh toan ky cang ve anh hudng cua hieu iing dien dung den mach nd khi nd dudi bien nen tat cac cac vu nd deu dien ra thanh cdng, an toan va hieu qua.
4. KET LUAN
Nghien ciiu da chi rd anh hudng cua di$n dung nudc bien den mang dien gay nd trong nd dudi nudc. Trong thuc tien cdng tac nd, su dam bao boat ddng an toan ciia mach od rit co y nghia vd cung quan trpng khi thao tac tren hien trudng. Nhd viec tmh toan khoa hgc, mach nd dam bao hoat ddng hi$u qua, an toan ve tinh mang eon ngudi va tiSt kiem chi phi trong qua trinh thuc hien nd. Cae giai phap ma nhdm nghien ciiu qua nhieu thu nghi?ra thuc tiln tren bidn dd ra se dam bao dupc tinh tdi uu hoat dgng cua mach nd. Ngoai ra, nghien ciiu ciing cho thiy hieu iing dien dung cua nudc bidn se gay anh hudng gi khi gay nd bSng ddng mdt chidu, tuy nhidn, phai chii y ddn khau an toan va chi ap dung trong trudng hgp noi didm hda khdng each xa lupng nd. *>
Ngay nhan bai: 05/4/2015 Ngay phan bifn: 24/4/2015
Tai lieu tham khao:
[ 1 ]. Dam Trpng Thang, Bdo cdo nhiem vu no a biin Hdi Hd, Quang Ninh, nam 2007.
[2]. Le Van Tmng, Bdo cdo tdng kit de tdi cap Nhd nudc no md luong qua nin dd san hd, nam 1990.
[3]. Vu Dinh Lpi, Bdo cdo tong App s6 lieu thiec nghi&m no du&i nu&c tai Ddo San Ca, Trudng Sa, nam 2013/
De tai cap Nha nudc KC-09.06/11-15.
ISSN 0866 • 7056
TAP CHi CO KHi V I £ T NAM, Sd 5 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam. vn
