I. QUY HOACH - KIEN TRUC CANH QUAN • BAO T 6 N Dl SAN CAU TRONG BO THj
CAU Vl/dT BQ HANH TRONG THANH PHO HA NO!
T h a c TRANG VA GIAI PHAP
TS. VU A N H TnJdng Dai hpc K i i n true HS NOi
H$ thing giao tiidng dd thj ddng vai tro quan ^gng ti'ong si/ phdt til^n b@n vlTng ciJa dd tttj. Mdt he tiiong giao tiidng I hlf u qud tdc dong tit d^n phdt trien kinh t l , dn iJjnh xa hOi va bdo v% mdi irdCng 66 tiii. Gl ddp iJng vai trd quan ttpng ndy, h$ thong cdu viA^ bg hdnh trong do ttij ddng gdp mdt phin khdng nhd din khdng gian dd tiij vd to chtjic giao tiidng dd tiij. Hi$n nay tai ThO dd Hd Ndi, ttung tdm hdnh chinh - chinh tti, ttung tdm kinh t^, vdn hda, xd hdi... cOa cd nUdc dang dilmg tittdc nhieu cd hdi vd tiidcli ttiilc. Tic 06 06 thj hda tdng nhanh, nen kinh te phdt ttiln, nhilu phUdng tign giao tiidng hi&n dai, tic dd cao, trong khi hg thing ha t^ng giao tiidng khdng ddp iJIng nhu ciiu din d k tinh tr^ng tdc nghdn giao tiidng tiii/dng xuySn vd tai nan giao thdng gia tdng. He tiiong clu vt/dt bo hdnh dd gdp phSn ttch ci/c trong vi$c gidm tiiidu j tai n?n giao ttidng ttong do ttij.
I. Thi/c trang he th6ng c l u vu'tft bd hdnh trong thdnh pho Ha Npi
1.1. Thtfc trang mang iwdi dwdng ndi dd TP Hi Ndi
M^ng ludi dudng ndi dd Thdnh phd ducfc chia theo dang hudng tdm cd dudng vdnh dai vd hdn hpp. Khu vuc phi CO vd khu phd eu duoc quy hoach theo dang bdn cd, cdc khu vuc mdi dupc xdy dgng theo dang hudng tdm cd dudng vdnh dai. M^ng ludi dudng ThiH dd Ha Ndi dang bj qud tdi ndng n l do vi^c phdt triln hd thing giao thdng chdm hdn rlt nhidu so vdi tdc dp tang dan sd vd tdc dd phdt triln kinh t l - xd hdi. Tinh trang tde dudng, tai n^n giao thdng, d nhilm mdi tnjdng, tdm ly khd chju khi tham gia giao thdng cua ngudi ddn dang Id vln nan cQa Thu dd Ha Ndi. Cdc chT tieu ky; thudt v l mang ludi dudng dlu khdng ddm bao, sd lUdng phudng tidn qud ldn, h$ thdng vdn tdi hdnh khdeh cdng epng hoat ddng khdng hieu qud, bai dd xe thilu didn tieh trim trpng.
Quy ddt v l hd thdng giao thdng dd thj eua TP Hd NOi 6 mdc rdt thdp, dit giao thdng hidn trang ehi chilm dudi 8% ddt xdy di^g dd thi (Hlnh 1.1). Khd ndng ddp dng nhu cdu vdn tdi hanh khach cdng cdng eh? dgt dudi 15%, trong khi dd dcae nudc phdt triln 60- 80%. H$ thdng cd sd ha tdng giao thdng thudng chdm hon nhilu so vdi nhu clu. Vide sd dyng cdc nguIn vdn, ede nha ddu tu tu nhdn xdy dung va khai thdc h$ thdng giao thdng v l n edn nhilu han c h l . Dd thj hod tang nhanh va nhung thdch thQc dang ddt ra hdng ngay ddi vdi cdc nhd qudn ly, hoach djnh chi'nh saeh nhu: sir qud tdi da Id nguy cd thuc t i , tinh trang tdc dudng, ung ngdp, d nhilm bui, tidng dn, khdng khi, ngudn nude dang ngdy cang bde xQc.
_ Hd thdng dudng ehua dupc phdn cdp rd rdng ddn tis khd khan trong cdng tdc qudn ly cung nhU
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x^c dinh chiln \iKtc LTu tign diiu tu xSy dijng.
Nhilu tuy§n d u ^ g quy m6 chua duoc md r$ng tuong xutng vof vai tr6 ISm Snh hudng ta ci m?ng ludi giao thdng, gay ach tdc tai nhi§u l<hu vuc.
Cdc tuyln duOng vinh dai dd th| chua dui^e hoan thign nen khd nang phgn b6 giao thong chua cao, luong xe tap trung trgn cdo dudng hudng tam dl sau vk ngang qua thgnh ph6 gay qug tgi trdn nhigu tuygn phS.
Qua nhigu nhOng vln dg trong quy ho§ich, x4y dimg cac tuygn dudng din tdi vigc dlu tu chSm chap, iang phi, ch6ng chgo, khdng higu qug din U kit qua lg mang ludi dudng chua dgp utng nhu clu, ddi hdi oOa ngudi dan.
Su dlu tu cdn dan trgi, thigu h$ thdng din d^ti didn mao kiln tnic dd thj bj chia cgt manh miin, khdng hoan chlnh. Mang ludi dudng dd thi chua l#.
dudc m^t bO khung vOng chgc lign thdng 6n dlrf lam cff sd cho su phgt triln bgn vOng. Khu vuc nji dd td vgnh dai 3 trd vgo phgt triln thilu kilrti so*
vg nhit qugn. Khu vuc phdt triln mdi, tCr vanh dai 3 din vdnh dai 4 cd khuynh hudng xgy di,ing nhlju khu dd thj, d§u tl/ cho ha ting xa hdi vg ha ting 1^
thudt thilu ddng bd.
NGUdl XAY D i m e S6 THANG 9 » 1 0 j J 0 1 5 j
I. QUY HOACH • KIEN TRPC CANH QUAN • BAO TON PI SAN CAU TRONG o6 THI
Cdc nirt giao thdng chu y l u Id cung mdc, ddn tin hi$u vd bien bdo giao thdng t^i nhilu nut giao ttidng WWing hoat ddng hieu qua, vdn d l sang dudng ddnh cho ngudl di bd chua dupc quan tdm dQng mijte. Hi#n tupng l l n chilm ldng dudng, he dudng xdy ra Cf nhilu khu vuc trong dd ttij gdy can tt^, gidm Idia nang ttidng hdnh cda cdc tuyln dudng.
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1.2. Thwe tr^ng he ffiong ciu vwcft bd hinh dd thi trung tim thanh ph&Hd Ndi
Hidn nay trdn d\a ban Thdnh phd Hd Ndi c6 khodng 50 cdu vupt bd hdnh vdi nhilu hlnh thQc kiln tnic khde nhau. Theo dilu tra hien nay cdu vupt vdn (Ansa ji^dt huy dupc hidu qud cao.
LiKAig ngudi di tip sddung cdu vuicft t>d hdnh khd ttidp: Cdu vupt thudng xuydn vdng bdng ngudi qua l^i, k l ca vdo gid cao diem ludng ngudi tham gia giao thdng ktid \dn do hpc sinh - sinh vidn tan truiCffig, cdng sd hit gid lam, nhu c l u dl lai tang cao nhung vdn rlt it ngucri dl t>d sd dung cdu vupt qua dudng.
a TTTUC trang vil quy hoad^ hd ffidng du vtx/t Hien nay Thdnh phd Ha Ndi chua ed quy hoach chi tilt he thdng cdu v i ^ bp hdnh. Trdn cdc taic dudng chmh cua Thanh ii^id vdi luu ludng tham gia giao ttiong Idn dd xdy dgng nhilu cdu vupt. Nhin chung cdc cdu vupt bp hanh cua Thanh phd Ha Ndi c6 vi tri g i n cdc dilm thu hut nhu: sidu thj, trudng
€)9i hpc ldn nhu: Hpc vien An Ninh Nhan ddn, Dai hpc Thuy Lpi, Dai hpc Kiln Tnic, Oai hpc Khoa hpc Tlf nhien, Trung tdm hanh chfnh, Bdnh vien, ndi cd ddn cu tdp trung hay ed nhu cdu di lai eua ngudi ddn caa Tuy nhidn sd li^ffig ngudi len cdu vdn rdt ft, khdng khai ttidc duoc film ndng cua cdu. Mpt sd vj tti xdy dung cdu chua ttidt su phu iipp do xac djnh tuu lupng ngudi (S bp tai nhQng vj tri nay khdng qud kSn. Dien tich d i t cdn ttiilt d l dam bao cdc ydu
cdu ve ky thuat ehua dam bdo. Thanh phd khdng xac dmh dupc ehinh xde luu lupng giao thdng di bd do khdng Idem soat duac phuong tien tham gia giao ttidng va hp thdng giao thdng cdng edng ehua dap Qng nhu cdu di lai. Cdng tdc xdy dung edu vUdt chay theo nhu cdu, chua cd djnh hudng vd ddn ddu nhu cdu.
b. Thut: trang vd hinh thtic kiin true va kit du vi vat lieu siJr dung
Hinh thQc lain tnJc vdn edn don didu dung kit cdu thep Cling nhdc, thilu tfnh tham my, phd vd khdng gian xung quanh.
Ddi vdi cdc cdy cdu cd mai che, mdi ehi ddp dng vd mat edng ndng, y l u td v l mat tham my chua cao (Hlnh 1.3).
ki.Z:CiuchdLtm dd^ Giii Pb^^ (doi dm binh «$n Bach Mai) Hien nay tren dja bdn Thdnh phd Hd Ndi chu ylu sd dung 2 ioai cdu vupt td cdu chd L (cd mdi ehe) (Hmh 1.4) va clu chd I (khdng cd mdi ehe) (Hlnh 1.5).
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Hinh 1.5: Hinh ve thill ciu chll I tai Thii Hi NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG 9 & 10 • 2015
I, QUY HOACH • KIEN THUC CANH QUAN • BAO T 6 N PI SAN CAU TRONG P 6 TH}
Vdt lieu xdy dung dupc sddung chij ylu dd la be tdng edt thep, khung thep. Day la cdc vdt lieu rdt d l tsi phd huy dudi tdc dpng thdi tilt d nudc ta. Dd Id nguyen nhdn khiln cho cae cdu vupt khdng cd mdi che xudng cdp nhanh ehdng. Cdc cdu cd mdi che sd dung vdt lieu chfnh la nhua tong hpp vd mdt sd cae loai vat lidu khde ndn it bj chju tdc ddng bdi thdi tilt, tinh trang xudng edp diln ra chdm hon. d mdt sd cdy cdu cd the thiy rd tdc ddng cua thdi tilt din chdt lupng cdu (Hinh 1.6).
1.6: Tinb trang xudng cip dddi tac ddng chu yeu cua thdi tiit c. Thuc tr^ng vi ti^ tang ky thuat Chieu sing cho du vwtft bg hinh Cde cdu vupt thilt k l mai che da dupc ldp dat he thing chilu sdng. Ddi khi vdn xay ra tinh trang hdng ttang thilt bj nhung Ididng dupc thay mdi kjp thdi.
Cae elu vdgft thilt k l khdng mai che dlu nhdn ehilu sang td ddn didn giao thdng tren tuyln dudng. Tuy nhidn, thuc t l eho thiy mdt sd edu vupt cd nhdng khodng tdi khdng dupc ddn dudng chilu sdng, gdy cdm gide khdng an todn cho ngudi sd dyng.
Thoat nwdc trdn du vw0 bd hinh Dd ed hd thu nudc mat cdu, tuy nhien do y thdc cua ngudi sd dgng chua cao, lai thilu dpi ngQ dpn dep ve sinh ndn d cdc ndp hd ttiu nudc thudng dpng l^i Id cdy gidy vd bdnh k^o... gdy dnh hudng khdng nhd din ttiodt nudc (Hlnh 1.7).
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ifmhA.!: Ha ting ky thuat chua dip ung yeu ciuVd sinh mdi tiudng tren cdu vupi bp hanh: vd sinh tren cdu nhilu khi chua dupc quan tdm dQng mQc. Nhilu elu v u ^ do khdng quan ly chat che, y thdc ngudi dan chua eao ndn phdng ud bOa bai trdn
clu gay mdt vd sinh, giam thu hQt ngudi tham g l giao thdng
Tinh trang mdt v§
sinh tren cau: Rdc dupc nhdng ngudi dan thilu y thdc xg^
vd tu td dudng din d i n mat cdu. Phdn ldn cdc chdn cdu bj biln th^h nPi tap kit cua xe thu gom rdc, Idm d nhidm mdi trudng tuy nhien cac cd quan quan ly khdng ed bl$n phdp, xd phat de han ehd tinh trang trdn.
Tien fch cdng cgng:
Tai cdc clu vupt bd hdnh da dUdC ldp d$t cdc biln chi ddn. Cdc tien fch cdng edng nhu: ghi ngdi, thung rdc edng edng... vdn cdn thilu; mdt sd clu vupl bd hdnh mac du da dupc lap dat nhung ehua phdt huy tdc dung (Hlnh 1.8).
Ngodi ra, elu vupt bp hanh tai khu vuc nghidn cdu chua cd thilt k l de phuc vu ngudi khuydt t$t, ngudi sd dung xe dly tre so sinh.
d. Thuc trang vi sur dung ciu vutyt b0 hinh tai Ha Ndi
Sd" diing du vwat sai muc dfch - Cdc ho^t dpng kinh doanh, budn bdn, ddng d l xe... tren edu va xung quanh ehdn cdu khdng chi thu hep dien tfch ddnh cho ngudi di bd md cdn cdn
NGUdl XAY DUNG s 6 THANG 9 & 10 - 2015
QUY HOACH - KIEN TRUC CANH QUAN - BAO T 6 N PI SAN CAU TRONG Od THI
bai td cdc hoat ddng kinh doanh vd cua chfnh nhQng ngudi di bd dang Idm mdt di my quan cua cdu vd gdy d nhilm mdi tnJdng.
- Vide edi tao, ndng edp sda chQa dinh ky chua duyc quan tdm, ddc bidt cdng tac qudn ly cdn h^n c h l : Hidn tai cae cdy c l u vupt ehua dupc bao dudng (ifinh ky, ehi khi ndo cdu bj hdng hde, khdng t h i sddung thi mdi dudc sda chQa, do do rlt nhilu cay cdu bd hdnh dang trong tinh trang xudng cdp nghiem trpng mac dQ thdi gian sd dung chua duoc bao ldu.
1.3. Thwe trang cdng tic quan ly du vWdt b^
hinh TP Hi Npi
Hien nay cd 4 d o n vj qudn ly cdu vupt b d hdnh g d m : Phdng Qudn ly giao thdng; Ban Qudn ly giao thdng d d thj; Ban Quan ly d u a n ha tdng giao thdng dd thj vd Van phdng Ban A n toan giao thdng t m e thudc S d Giao thdng Vdn tdi T h a n h p h d quan ly.
Cde d d n vj ndy quan ly l i d thdng cdu vupt bd hdnh trong cde giai doan khae nhau trong q u d trlnh ddu t u xdy di,mg vd khai thdc s d d u n g . Viec t r i l n khai eae d u d n , qudn ly khai thdc chua ddng b d v d c d n kem hieu qua (Hlnh 1.11).
Ythdc cua ngwdi tham gia giao thong Cdu vupt bp hanh khdng phdt huy dupc hidu qud trudc hit Id do y thdc tuy tien cua ngudi ddn khi tham gia giao thdng; hp ehua cd thdi quen di c l u vupt. Ngudi di bd hlu nhu khdng bj xd phat. Do vdy, dQ bilt nguy hiem, hp v l n bdng ngang dudng.
Tai rlt nhilu khu vuc ed elu vudt bd hdnh, ngubi dan vdn bdng qua dudng nhu trong y thQc cQa hp Hiitli 1.9: ChSn cau vi/atid ndi tap kitxe dm vA quin cdc
bin ni/dc
Hinh 1.10; Chan cau vi/Ot bo hanh la ndi tap kdt xe rac day tay vi dAn quang cao
trd s u luu thdng, gdy nguy h i l m vd tao c d m gide mdt a n todn cho ngudi di bd {Hlnh 1.9 vd 1.10).
- Vide d a n qudng edo tran lan, x a rdc thai bda
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I Cac ca quan phong ban quan ly true tiep c l u vucrt bo hdnh Hlnh 1.1; Sd dd cd ciu td chdc Sd Giao Oidng vin tii Hi Ndi (BOi vj tnjc bdp guin ly hi thdng du vddt bd hinh)
NGUdl XAY DI/NG s 6 T H A N G 9 & 10 • 2015
. QUY HOACH . KIEN TRUC CANH QUAN • BAO TON PI SAH CAU TRONG Od TH!
Mnh 2.V. Ciu \nJdt bd banh sd ddng ciy xanh de ting bnh th&n my khdng h i cd su tin tai cua edy clu. Bdn eanh dd la
vide ngudi ddn sd dung edu vupt bd hdnh sai mue dfch nhu ngdm cdnh, hdng mdt, tlidm chf cd cdy edu edn Id nPi chQa chip va hoat ddng cua mdt sd dli tupng td nan xa hdi: trdm cdp, mdc tiii, tidm chieh ma tQy, bdn hdng ron^ vd cdc muc dfch sai trdi khde. Ngudi ddn cam tiiay khd chju vd bit tidn vd cdn ngai ngung khi sd dung cdu vupt.
Thwe thi cic quy djnh eua phap luat t^Wa nghiem ng$t
Hidn nay Ludt Giao thdng va nhdng quy djnh ddnh cho ngudi di bd dd duwc pho biln rpng rdi, nhung ngudi ddn khdng ti/ giac vd vdn thilu hilu bilt ve Ludt Giao thdng dudng bd, dae biet Id nhung quy djnh ddnh cho ngudi di bp.
He thdng vdn bdn quy pham phdp ludt dd dupc ban hdnh khd dly du nhung thuc thi vdn tidn chua nghidm. Khi vi pham p h ^ ludt khdng cd chl tdi xd phat ddn din tinh tr^ng ngudi ddn thudng xuydn vi pham, dnh hudng rlt ldn ddn vln d l an todn giao thdng trong dd thj. VI vdy nhflng cdy clu vupt dupc ddu tu xdy di^g 1^1 phuc vu cho nhung muc dich khde nhu: bdn hdng, tap kit xe rdc dly tay, xedm...
II. Mdt s6 gidl phap nhdm ndng cao hidu qud 81? dung hd th6ng cau vu'prt bd hdnh tai Hd Ndi 2.1. Glal phip ve quy hoaeh vi diu tw xiy dwng
Di clu vupt bd hdnh trong Thdnh phd hieu qua hon trong khai ttidc sddung, cdn ddnh gid lai todn bO he ttidng clu vupt bd hdnh trong Thdnh phd. Rd sodt lai vj trf cde elu vupt chua hi$u qud, tim hilu ddnh gid nguydn nhdn tinh trang khdng hidu qud d l khde phge. Trong Thdnh phd cdn cd ^nh hudng va cd quy ho^ch ting t h i hd thdng elu vupl trdn ca sd cdc ylu t l v l khd ndng ^ dng nhu clu vd ydu cdu v l ky thudt. Vj trf cdc cdu vupt phdi gdn ede khu VMC tdp trung ddn cu, thu hut nhilu ngudi di va din.
Cdu vupt phai dupc kit ndi vdi hd thdng cdc cdng trlnh thuang mai, cde dilm dd cdc phuPng tien giao thdng (parking) ho$c gdn cdc khu vui chdi giai trf...
TnJdc khi thuc hi§n cdc dif dn ddu tU cdn phai khdo sdt ky nhu cdu di t^, ddc tiidt nhu cdu di bO t£u khu vuc edn ddu tu. khdng nhdt thidt cd cd dudtig ldn phdi xdy dung edu vui?l di bd. Rdt nhilu tijyln dudng cd kfch thudc ldn, phuong ti^n ^iao thdng nhilu nhung nhu clu di lai khdng ldn ddn din dlu tu xdy dung kha ldng phi. Vf du nhu cdu vupt tai dudng Nguydn Chf Thanh (gdn DH Ludt), clu vuw tai dudng Gidng vd, Oai Cd Vidt, Chua B0c, Dudng Tdy Son (DH Thuy Lpi)...
Khi thuc hidn xdy clu vupt bd hdnh cln cd cdc gidi phdp ddng bd, khing c h l giao thdng di kdm dd Id xdy ddng ede ddi phdn cdch tren dudng cd kfch thudc Idn, bdng nhdng vdt lieu cdng d l ngudi di bd khdng the vupt qua dai phdn cdch vd bu$c phai siJr dyng clu vupl.
Kit clu cua cdu vupt cdn dam bdo an todn, thlm my song ndn sd dung cdc loai vdt lidu vd kit clu bdo ddm thdo ldp d l ddng de cd t h i d l d ^ dilu chinh khi cdn thilt, trdnh lang phf trong dlu tu xdy dung.
D l tang tinh tham my cho cdng trlnh cho dd ttij vd hieu qud trong sd dung ed the trdng cdc loai cay xanh, cay hoa leo (Hlnh 2.1). Ddng thdi phdi tdng eudng vai trd cQa edng ddng trong qud trlnh s&
dgng d l ddm bdo tinh thlm my, v$ sinh mdl tntdna.
Trong qud trlnh dlu tu xdy dung do nguin VOT dlu tu cua Nhd nudc edn han tiep vl vdy cln cd nhflng giai phdp v l vdn ddu tu nhdm tdng eudng ngudn vdn cua nhilu ttidnh phdn kinh t l , gidm bdt dp luc ddi vdi ngudn vdn cua Nha nudc vd Thdnh phd.
Cde ca cjuan qudn ly cdn kiem sodt, thlm dinh chdt che v l vj tri, hlnh thQc kiln true, h? ting l^
thudt ddt vdi cdc d l dn ttiilt k l cdu vupt b0 hdnh.
Khi thilt k l cdn khdo sdt luu luong ngudl Iham gia giao ttidng d khu vuc ttiilt k l de trdnh d§t nhQng vi ttf sai, It ngudi sd dung, cdc thilt k l d n tdng tfnh thlm my de hdp ddn hon vdi ngudl sd dgng. Odng thdi khi thilt k l cdn tfnh d i n vide sddyng cua ngUW NGUdl XAY DUNG s 6 T H A N G 9 & 10 - 2015
I. QUY HOACH - KIEN TRUC CANH QUAN - BAO T 6 N Dl SAH CAU TRONG PO THI
khuydt tdt, ngudf bj benh chua di lai dupc binh thudng (Idil vj tri gdn cdc benh vi0n), chilu eao t)ac thang, chilu nghi (khi gdn cac tmdng tieu hoc)...
2.Z Giai phdp trong quan ty stf dung Ning cao y thifc cua ngwdi dan Mdt trong nhQng nguyen nhdn sd dung he thing clu vupt bp hdnh tai Ha Ndi khdng hidu qua do y ttiQc ngudi ddn chua tdL Ngudi ddn ktidng tu gide chip hanh ydu cdu ciia ludt phdp khi tham gia giao thdng. Nhan thQc cua ngudi ddn v l an toan trong giao thdng chua cao. Cac co quan qudn ly cdn cd chuong trlnh ban tin tren cac phuong tien truyln thdng vd cde vi^ tai nan giao tiidng ddi vdi ngudi di b$, ddy du cdc con sd thdng kd vd sd ngudi bj thucmg, bj chit do tai nan giao thdng de ngudi dan hilu va cd y thQc hon trong vide gid ^ i loan giao thdng.
De cdc cdu vupt ddnh cho ngudi di bd that sU mang lai hi$u qua, cdn ldm tdt edng tdc tuydn tnjyin v l tfnh an todn va tien dung cua edu vuot cho ngudi di bp mdi khi sang dudng. Xdy dung cdc chuong trlnh, chuydn muc v l Ludt Giao thdng de ngudi ddn dupc bilt din vd hilu rd hon v l nhung quy (finh ddnh cho ngudi di bp ndi rieng vd Ludt Giao thdng ndi chung. Nha nudc cdn p h i biln bdng nhilu hlnh thdc cdc chii truong, chfnh sach, chiln lugfc phdt trien giao thdng trong dd thj. Dac biet gidm thieu phucmg ti#n giao thdng cd nhdn, tdng cudng; phuong ti$n giao thdng cdng cdng
Cdn nghidn edu, bien soan tai lieu hd trp edng tde truyln thdng Ludt Giao thdng sao cho ngdn gpn, d l hilu, d l nhd cho tdt cd mpi ngudi.
Cdc Bd, ngdnh, dja phuong, eae to chQc ehfnh trj, xa hdi cdn tdng cudng p h i biln, gido due cdn bd. cdng chQc, vidn chQc, dodn vidn, hdi vidn cua ed quan, ddn vj t l chQc cac dpt tap hudn kiln thdc phdp ludt v l trdt tu an todn giao thdng dudng t>d kit hgp cac loai lai lieu tuyen truydn lidn quan.
ChQ trpng vide tuydn tnjyln, pho biln Ludt Giao thdng ddi vdi cde ddi tupng hpc sinh, sinh vien de cd nhdn thQc dly du v l cdng tde an todn giao thdng, dac biet tang cudng giao thdnp di bd trong dd thj. Cdng tdc pho biln kien thQc vd an todn khi ttiam gia giao thdng cho hpc sinh, sinh vidn cdng sdm cdng tdt vd dua ngay vdo chuong trinh mdu gido, cdc trudng ph6 thdng vd Dai hpe.
Xiy dwng, thifc hien nghidm eae ehi til xtf ph^t ngwdi (ff bp sang dwdng sai quy dinh eua cie ea quan ehdc ning _
Mpt nguydn nhdn nQa dan d i n viec sddung cdu vupt di bd trong Thdnh phd chua hi$u qua do nhOng nhd qudn ly chua thuc hidn hit trdch nhiem. Mae du hd thdng van bdn phdp ludt v l giao ttidng dudng tip dd d u i ^ ban hdnh nhung nhQng can tip thuc thi chua th$t nghidm minh. Vi vdy, cdn xdy dung c h l tdi xd ph^t ddi vdi ngudi di bd khi khdng sd dung cdu vupt sang dudng tai nhdng vj tri gdn cdu vupt trong
pham vi quy djnh. Viec xiJrphat nghiem minh ddi vdi ngudi di bd sang dudng sai quy djnh glQp cho ngudi dan y thdc dupc hdnh vi sai trdi cua mmh khi tham gia giao thdng, ddng thdi se han c^ duoc cdc hanh vi vi pham cua ngudi di bd.
Ndng cao vai trd trdch nhiem cua cac cd quan c^Qc nang trong quan ly trdt tiJ giao thdng dd ttii.
Cdc eo quan chuc ndng cdn chQ trpng, tdng cudng giam sdt tai nhQng dja diem cd edu vupt ddnh cho ngudi di t>d.
Luc tucmg eanh sat giao thdng, co quan chiJc ndng cln nhdc nhd, xd phat nghiem minh vdi nhdng ngudi dt t>d sang ducmg sai quy djnh. €>dng ttidi cd bien phap hpp ly ddi v ^ nhdng can t)d ktidng thuc hien hit traeh nhiem cua minh khi thuc hien nhiem vu.
Cdn xde dinh rd trdeh nhidm cQa cde don vj qudn ly edu vupt di t}d khi ban giao dua vao sit dung, nhdm han c h l tinh trang dun day t r ^ ^ nhidm khi cdu dudng bd xudng elp. Di dam bdo my quan cho dd thj va tang ti'nh hdp ddn ciJa cdu vupt vdi ngucri siJr dung cln duy tij bao dudng thudng xuydn vd dinh ky. Ddng ttidi tdng cudng cac bidn phdp bdo ve an ninh, trdt tu an todn xa iipi trong h# thdng cdu vupt di bp, de cdu vupt bp tianh that su mang lai hidu qud, gdp phdn giam tai nan giao ttidng vd un tac giao ttidng.
III. K i t ludn va Kien nghj
Xdy ddng he thdng cdu vupt t)p hdnh eho ngucri di t>d Id giai phdp hijiu hieu giam thilu tdc nghen va tai nan giao thdng trong cdc 66 thj. Dde biet tai eae nudc dang phdt trien nhu Viet Nam hien nay, ThiJ dd Hd Ndi da dt^u trpng d l u tu xdy dung he ttidng cdu vupt t}o hdnh. Tuy nhien, \nec khai thdc sd dung d nhilu vj ti'f chua hidu qud gdy lang phf trong ddu tu, dnh hudng rdt ldn d i n an todn giao ttidng. Thanh ptid Ha Ndi da ed mdt sd giai phap nhung vdn chua khai thae triet de he thing cdng trinh ndy Nguyen nhdn chu y l u cua vide khai thdc khdng hieu qua do edng tde quy hoaeh, kit edu xdy dung, vdt lidu s^
dung ehua hpp ly, y thQc chip hanh cua ngudi ddn chua cao, he thdng phdp ludt chua ddy du vd thuc thi phdp ludt cua ede eo quan c^Qc ndng va cua ngudi ddn chua dap dng. Bdi vilt da danh gia dupc thuc trang vd mdt sd nguydn nhdn ca ban de xay dung mpt sd giai phdp nhdm ndng eao hieu qua khai thdc sd dung he thing cdu vuot bd hdnh gop phdn xdy dung Thu dd vdn minh hidn dai, gidu bail sdc vdn hda dan toe vd phdt trien bin vQng.D
NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG 9 & 10 - 2015
