THlfC HliN NGHj QUyfTBAI HOI XI CUAOkUd
PHAT HUY BAN SAC VAN HOA D A N TOC TRONG THGfl KYDAY MANH CONG NGHIEP HOA
VA HOI N H A P QUOCTE
ThS BUI BACH DANG Hqc vien Chinh tri - Bo Quoc phong
Bin sac van hoa la nhiing net van hoa rieng ciia moi dan toe, iiiac truyen t i l Sdi nay sang iloii khic, la cac gia tri tieu bieu, ben viing, phin anh siilc song cua moi dan toe. Trong qua trinh CNH, HDH va hoi nhap quoc te hien nay, viec gin glut va phat huy bin sac van hoa dan toe co y nghia ilat biet quan trong.
1
. Dat nudc ta dang trong thdi ky diy manh su nghiep CNH, HDH va hdi nhap qudc td. Dang timg budc nhan thiic rd hon ve vi tri, vai trd ciia van hda va phdt huy ban sic vSn hda frong tien trinh phat tridn. Vdi chu tiucmg tiep tuc day manh xay dung nen van hda Viet Nam tien tien, dam da ban sic dan tgc, phat huy nhflng gia tri traydn thdng tdt dep cua con ngudi Viet Nam, ban sac van hda dan tdc ngay cang dugc khing dinh, xiing ddng la mdt frong ba "tru cgt" (kha nang cdng nghe, sue manh kinh te va ban sac van hda) va la ddng lire chu ydu dd xay dung, phat tridn dit nudc.Tuy nhidn, qua trinh xay dung va phat huy ban sac van hda dan tgc cdn bdc Id nhirng han chd nhu: Tmh frang suy thoai vd dao diic, ldi s6ng vin gia tang, "S\f suy thoai vd dao diic, ldi sdng d mdt bd phan khdng nhd can bd, dang vidn, trong dd cd ca can bg cd chiic, cd quydn.
Nan tham nhung, dilng tidn cua Nha nudc tidu xai phung phi, an choi sa dga khdng dugc ngan chan cd hieu qua. Hien tugng quan heu, cira
quydn, sach nhidu nhan dan, kdn cua dia vi, cue bg, dia phuong, be phai, mit doan kdt khd phd bidn. Nhimg td nan dd gdy su bit hinh cua nhan dan, lam tdo thucmg uy tin cua Dang, ciia Nha nudc"'. Bdn canh do la "td siing bai nudc ngoai, coi thudng gia tri van hda dan tgc, chay theo l6i sdng thuc dung, ca nhdn vj ky"^. Bidu hien rd net nhdt la xu hudng coi thudng gid tii van hoa tiuydn thdng, phu nhan ttuydn th6ng din tdc, dS cac "qua miic" cdc gid t i md hg chg la "mdi", la "hidn dai". Dac bi$t, trudc su dnh hudng ciia ldi sdng phuong Tdy, mpt sd ngudi md chu ySu la thanh nien cd bieu hien xa rdi ly tudng vd dao dire each mang, xa rdi cdc gid tii van hda dan t^c, dd cao tu tudng thuc dtmg, chii nghia cd nhan, bat chap dao ly, phdp ly dd tao ra cudc sdng hodn toan mdi theo kidu phuong Tay. Mat khac, xu hudng bdo thii, phuc cd frong xdy dung dao ditc, ldi sdng do anh huong ciia ndn van minh ndng nghidp den ldi sdng cua con ngirdi Viet Nam nhu: chit nghia tinh cam, chu nghla kmh nghiem, chii nghta binh quan, chu nghta quan lieu, gia
38
TAPCHiUCH S I ; OANG 7-2015
tnrdng,... ldi sdng tuy tien, tiidi quen manh miin, tan man, duge chang hay ehd, tinh ky luat ydu, xem thudng phdp luat, kha nang hgp tac tiong edng vi0c yeu...; tinh ti^g me tin di doan ttong nhan dan phdt trien tian lan, nhidu phong tue, tap qudn lae hau d cdc dia phuong, nhat la vung ddng bao dan tgc thieu sd nhu ciing ma, tao hdn... ehua duge day lui. Day la nhimg "rao can" ldn nhdt ttong xdy dung dao diic, ldi sdng mdi.
2
. Trong bdi cdnh toan cau hda, de giii gm va phdt huy ban sac van hda dan tdc \^et Nam, viing vang trudc sy bidn tiiien cua tiidi eugc, Dang, Nha nude phai kien tri chien lugc xdy dyng va phat huy ban sac van hda dan tgc.Qua trinh xay dyng, phdt tiien nhiing gid tri van hda dan tdc ciing ehinh la qua trinh giir gin va phat huy ban sdc ddn tgc len mdt tdm eao mdi, ddng thdi cdn la qua trinh sang tao ra nhiing gia tii vdn hda mdi. De van hda Viet Nam vdn giu:
duge nhiing "cdt each" (ban sac) ddn tge, vira theo kip budc tien chung ciia nhdn loai, giii viing dinh hudng XHCN ve phat huy ban sdc vdn hda dan tgc Viet Nam, can thyc hien tdt mdt sd giai phap can ban:
Tku nhdt, nhdn thiic dung vi tri, vai tid eua ban sac van hda dan tdc ttong tiidi ^y ddy manh CNH, HDH ddt nude. Vdi tu each la nen tang, dgng lye tinh thdn ciia xa hdi, ban sdc vdn hda dan tpc the hien d tdm eao va chieu sau ve tiinh dg phdt trien cua mgt dan tgc, la su kdt tinh nhiing gid tii tdt dep giiia ngudi vdi ngudi, vdi xa hgi va ty nhien. Ban sac van hda da trd thanh nhan td thiic ddy con ngydi tu hoan thien nhan each, ke thua truyen thdng eua dan tgc, phat huy tinh than yeu nude, y ehi ti; lye, tu cudng xdy dyng va bao V? Td qudc. Hien nay, phat huy ban sdc van hda dan tgc ehinh la phat huy nhiing gid tii tdt dep cua eon ngudi Viet Nam do la: Phat huy tinh thdn
yeu nudc, tinh thdn ddc lap dan tdc va CNXH, y chi vuon len dua dat nudc thodt khdi ngheo nan, lac hau. Ngi dung cdt loi phat huy long yeu nudc hien nay la lam eho mgi ngudi dan dem het tai nang, siic lye, tri tue va ldng nhiet huydt cua minh de gdp phdn thiic ddy tang trudng va phdt tridn kinh te, lam cho ddt nude "ngay cang giau manh", cai thien va nang cao ddi sdng ciia nhan ddn, ddng thdi khdng dmh vi tiie ciia Viet Nam ti^ trudng qude td. Ndi each khac, dd chinh la su tnmg thanh vdi myc tieu "dan giau, nude manh, xa hdi dan ehu, cdng bdng, van mmh", phdt huy tinh thdn yeu nudc, ydu CNXH, tinh thdn ty hao ddn tgc ciia mdi giai tdng tix)ng xa hdi; phdt huy tinh thdn doan ket cdng ddng, y thiie tap the, nhung gia tri truyen thdng tdt d?p ttong ldi sdng, nep sdng, gift gin ky euong phep nudc, qui udc ciia cgng ddng, y thiie bao ve mdi trudng sinh thai cua eon ngudi \^et Nam; phat huy diic tinh can eii, smg tao cua con ngudi Vi^t Nam tiong lao ddng, san xuat, hgc tdp vd bao ve Td qudc, eung cd va phat trien y thiic ddn tgc, nang cao long ty hao ve tiiiyen thdng eua ddn tdc Met Nam, giup eho the he tie hieu dugc lich Sli, tiiiyen thdng dan tde, khoi day niem tin, ren luyen ban lmh, vung vang tnrdc sy cam dd, nhftng tac dgng tieu cue tu ben ngoai. Ddng thdi, ehdng lai cai xau, eai bao thii, tii tre trong ndp nghi, each lam; chdng nhiing hii tyc, tiidi quen l?c hdu, phan khoa hgc; chdng kieu lam an gian lan, bat ehinh. \ ^ vdy, can nhan thiic rd va ngay cang sau sdc hon ve vai ttd eiia ban sac van hda dan tde. Chu tigng cdng tac tuyen tiiayen, gido dye ndng cao nhdn thiic ciia mgi giai tdng tiong xa hgi ve ban sac van hda va phdt huy ban sde van hda Viet Nam ttong thdi ky mdi "Nang cao chdt lugng gido dye toan dien, dac biet eoi ti^ng giao dye ly tudng, giao due tiuydn thdng lieh sii cdch mang, dao due, ldi sdng, nang luc sdng tao.
39
THirc H I E N N G H I QUVfTOAl H 6 | XI CDA D A N C
ky nang fliuc hanh, tac phong cdng nghiSp, y thiic trdeh nhidm xa hdi"^
Thir hai, chu frgng xdy dung nhan td con ngudi Viet Nam, "Cham lo xay dung con ngudi Viet Nam phdt trien toan dien, frgng tam Id bdi dugng tinh than ydu nudc, ldng tu hag dan tdc, dag dire, ldi sdng va nhdn each. Tao chuyen bien manh me ve nhdn thirc, y thirc tdn frgng phdp luat, mgi ngudi Viet Nam ddu hidu bidt sau sdc, tu hag, tdn vinh ljch sir, van hda dan tdc"^. Xay dung nhdn td cgn ngudi la su chuan bi tich cue va chu ddng nhat ngudn nhan
luc cho s\r nghiep diy manh CNH, HDH, cho hrong lai va tridn vgng ciia dan tgc Vi?t Nam trdn con dudng phdt trien theo ly tudng va muc tidu XHCJN. Xay dung con ngudi Viet Nam vdi ndi dung toan dien tii phat tiidn fliS Ivc, bdi duBng nang luc, tii tiid vdi phuang phap tir duy ichoa hgc, sdng tao, Ididng ngimg ndng cao hgc vdn va chuyen mdn. Dac bi?t, frgng
didu kien kinh td flii tiudng, diy manh CNH, HDH flieo dinh hudng XHCN, Dang chi rd:
"Mpi hoat ddng vdn hda nhdm xay dtmg con ngudi Viet Nam phdt tiidn toan didn vd chinh tii, hr tudng, tri tud, dao diic, flid chit, nang lire sdng tao, cd y flnic cdng ddng, long nhdn ai, khoan dung, tdn ttpng nghta tinh, ldi sdng cd vdn hda, quan he hai hda frong gia dinh, cdng ddng va xa hdi"'. Qui tiinh phdt huy ban sdc vdn hda Viet Nam cung chmh la qua trinh fliuc hien chidn lugc con ngudi. Xdy dung con ngudi Viet Nam flieo quan didm phdt tiidn ngudn nhan luc vdi each nhin hudng vd ttiong lai, cin tap tiling diu hr cua todn xd hgi vdo s\t nghidp gido
40
dye va dao tao, cham lo thd he fre Vi$t Nam Vi vay, thd hd trd can dugc cham sdc, gido dye, dao tao, ren luydn dd cd the luc tdt, hpc vdn cao, thdng thao chuyen mdn, tinh tfadng nghidp vu, lao ddng sdng tag vdi hoai bao, khdt vgng lam cho dit nudc flioat khdi ngheo nan, lae hdu, tidi tdi gidu cd, vdn minh, hien d ^ . Xdy dvmg diii sdng mdi ma ndn tang Id ddi sdng gia dhih, gijo d\ic van hda gia dinh la c a sd ben vihig di xSy dung thd he con ngudi Viet Nam. MJt khdc, cin tao vi^c lam, ndng cao miic sdng, xay dung mfii tnrdng xa hOi dn djnh, lanb manh vdi cac ehudn muc v6 ky luat, trdt tf, ky cuong, phap luat giiip cho fliS h?
fre Viet Nam phat tridn toin didn. 'Tidp tiie day manh viec gido diic, bdi dudng dao diic, ldi sdng cd vdn li6a;
xdy dvmg ndp sdng van miah frong vi$c cudi, tang, ll hgi;
ngan chan vd diy lui cdc M tuc, bao Ivtc, gdy rdi ttat tf cdng edng, mai dam, ma tuy, cd bac... Sdm cd chidn lugc qudc gia vd xay dvmg gia dinh Vi$t Nam, gdp phan gifl gm va phat tridn nhitag gid tii tiuySn thdng c i a van hoa, con ngudi Vi$t Nam, nu6i duong, gido due flid he frd. Diic kdt va xiy dpg hd gid tri chung cua ngudi Vi$t Nam flidi ky ddy manh cdng nghiep hod, hidn dai hod vd li6i nhjp qudc td"'.
Thu ba, tang cudng svr lanh dao ciia Dang, qudn ly cua Nha nudc ddi vdi svr n g h i ^ pliSt huy bdn sic van hda dan tgc. Dudng ldi phdthuy ban sde vdn hda dan tde phdi phii hgp vdi yfiu cau flivrc tidn ciia dit nudc, xu thd ciia thdi d?i, ddp ling dugc nhu ciu chinh dang eiia qudng dai qudn chiing nhdn ddn. Day la nhdn td hdng diu Tren co sd difdng loi, chii
trUOng cila O i n g , Nha nirirc va cac CK quan chiic nang, cac cap chinh quyen i tihig I j a phuong can ciI vao f i e u kien thuc te de co nhiilng bien phap cu the n h l m to chAc thuc hien va q u i n 1^ tot cac gia trj b i n sac van hda, phat huy bdn sic van hoa Viet Nam tien tien, A i m da b i n sic d i n tdc,
:
TAP CHf LICH SlifoANfi 7-2015
1
^uydt dinh sy phat tiidn lanh manh, tdt dep eiia bka sde van hda dan ^c. Vi vay, qua trinh hoach linh dudng ldi phat huy ban sdc van hda dan tgc eua Dang phai dya ttdn ndn tang chii nghia Mae - Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh. Ddng tiidi, can Cli vao thyc tien ciia dat nudc, truydn thdng va nhftng dae diem ban sdc van hda eua ddn tdc
\^et Nam. Phdt huy vai tid eua Nha nude, eae CO quan chiie nang ttong viee quan ly, td chiic hoat dgng, khdng ngung ndng cao tinh phdp ly, hieu lye va hieu qua quan ly vd phat huy ban sdc van hda dan tdc. Day manh ddi mdi vd each lam luat; ddi mdi ve eo che chinh sdch, chdm diit tinh trang xin - cho kinh phi, dy an; ddi mdi tiiu tiic hanh chinh, giam phien ha cho dan, chdm diit thih ti^g cua quydn; ddi mdi cdp phep, minh bach tiong eae quan he kinh te tten lmh vyc phdt huy ban sac dan tgc, chdng tham nhiing; ddi mdi dao t^o ngudn nhan luc, danh gid, sang lgc cdn bd lam edng tac van hda, hudng tdi xay dyng bd mdy qudn Iy nha nudc ve phat huy bdn sde dan tde bdo dam tinh gian, ggn nh?, chdt lugng, van minh vd hi$n dai. *Tap trung ddi mdi, nang cao hieu lye, hieu qua qudn ly nha nude ve vdn hda tiong didu k i ^ phat tridn kmh td thi trudng, hdi nhap qude td va sy bung nd cua edng nghe thdng tin vd truydn tiidng. Ddy nhanh vi^c thd chd hda, cy thd hda cdc quan diem, dudng ldi cua Ddng vd vdn hda. Hoan thien he tiidng vdn ban quy pham phdp luat, co che, ehinh sdch ve vdn hda, ve quydn tac gid va cde quyen hen quan, phii hgp vdi chudn mue qudc td va thye tiln Viet Nam"l Ddi mdi quan ly nha nude vd phdt huy ban sdc dan tdc phai tiieo phuong eham t^o mdi trudng thudn lgi nhdt de tiiu hiit mgi ngudn lye xd hdi tham gia sang tao, phd bidn va hudng thy ban sde vdn hda Vi^t Nam, phdt huy tinh tir gidc, tinh tiidn trach nhi?m, tu dd khang, xdy dyng cgng ddng ty quan, chdng lai nhimg hanh vi phdn van
hda, van hda phdm ddc hai anh hudng ddn thuan phong m5' tyc va sy phat trien ciia ddt nudc. Mat khae, phai 'Tang cudng cdng tac thanh tra van hda, gdn vdi trach nhiem ca nhan va td chiic khi de xdy ra sai pham. Phat huy vai ttd gidra sat, phan bien xa hgi ciia cac td chiic xa hdi, cgng ddng ddn cu va cdng dan ddi vdi viee td chiic va quan ly hoat ddng van hda"*, gdp phdn dua hoat dgng phat huy ban sdc vdn hda dan tdc vdo ttdt ty, ky cuong, nen nep.
Ddc biet, edn bd, dang vien phdi thye sy ndu guong vk tu tudng dao diie, ldi sdng, tidp tue ddy manh thye hien euge van dgng Hgc tdp va lam theo tdm guong dao diic Hd Chi Minh, phat huy mgi tidm nang, sdng tgo dd thiic ddy su nghiep CNH, HDH ddt nudc, gdp phdn xdy dyng mdt nude Viet Nam ddn giau, nude manh, dan ehu, cdng bdng, van minh theo dinh hudng XHCN.
1,2. Ddng Cong san Vi?t Nam: Vdn ki?n H^i nghj Im thii nam Ban Ch^ hdnh Trung uang Ddng khoa raf. Nxb CQTG,H, tr.47,46
3, 6. Ddng Cdng san Vi^t Nam: Vdn ki^n Dgi hoi dgi biiu todn qudc ldn thic XI, Nxb CTQG, H, 2011, tr.62,68
4,7,8. Dang Cpng san Vi?t Nam: Vdn kien Hgi nghi ldn thic chin Ban Chdp hmh Trung uang khoa XI, VSn phong Tnmg uong Dang, H, 2014, tr. 49,59,60
5. Dang Cong sdn Viet Nam: Vdn kipi Dgi hgi dgi bieu todn quoc ldn thu IX, Nxb CTQG, H, 2001,
