Trao doi - Y kien
GI6I THIEU IWAY DO TRONG LU'C HANG K H 6 N G TAGS AIR m VA DE XUAT QUY TRINH V ^ H A N H BAY
KHAO SAT TRONG LlTC 6 VIET NAJM
ThS. NGUYiN T U A N ANH, TS. D U a N G CHf CdNG^
KS. NGUYEN TRONG HI^U, KS. VU TRUNG T H A N H Vien Khoa hoc £>o dac va Ban do
(Tiip theo so 18 thing 12/2013) 3. De xuat quy trinh van hanh bay khao sat trong IIFC a Viet Nam
Trdn ca sd nghien CLPU thanh phin e i u tgo vd cdc nguyen ly hogt dpng cua mdy do trpng luc hang khdng (TAGS Air III), tham khao eac d u dn do trpng lyc hang khdng da thyc hien thanh cdng tai cae nudc tidn tiin tren t h i gidi vd khao sat cac dieu kien thyc te cCing cde yen cdu cua cdng tdc do trpng !yc tai Viet Nam, ehung tdi da xay dung, de xuit 1 quy trinh vdn hdnh bay khdo.sdt trpng lyc d Viet Nam nhu sau: (Xem hinh 9)
3.1. Lgp ke hogch bay
Trong bude d i u tidn lap k i hogeh bay, dan vj khdo sdt can phai thu thgp cdc tdi li^u, dtp lieu Trac dja Ban dd cua khu do de phuc vy cdng tae khao sat, thiit k i nhu: Ban do (^a hinh khu do, Bdn dd d| thudng trpng lyc khu do, cae diem khdng e h i tpa dd, dd cao vd trpng lue qudc gia trong khu vuc vd lan can... Sau khi thu thgp, ta se phai xae djnh phgm vi vd dd cao thuc eua dja hinh trong khu vyc c i n khao sat tren ca sd do thiet ke dudng bay trdn nen ban dd dja hinh ty Id phu hgp. Ben cgnh do dya trdn tinh hinh thdi tiit hdng
—\ Chuin bl tii
LAP K £ HOACH BAY
Chuan bl phap If —
Xec dmh thdi gian U
Xoicap^
x m PHEP BAT
I TiEnmaybay
pool mat dil
CHQAHBI SJNSANCBAY
-j Thiit kldii6ng bai/ j -\ Xai: dlnh thoi gun
I— S i n b ^ , mijrbijr
—I BiimOTSo I - | MaylftOS |
—I Tnit thoi liel | V A N H A I 4 I I K H I B A Y
Kftl THUC CABAY
xishYuisutv
Hinh 9: Sa dd quy trinh hoat ddng bay khao sat trong lyc hing khdng
TAP CHi KHOA HOC 0 0 DAC VA B A N D 6 S 6 19-3/2014
nem eua khg vye d l dya ra mpt v i i phypng i n thin gian dp hpp ly.
3.2. Xin phep bay
Chgin bj day du c i e eo sfl' phap ly, luin chirng kinh t l ky thuit cua dy i n , c i c quyet djnh phe duyet dy i n de d i n cp quan q u i n ly khflng phgn, gn ninh, qudc phong khu do xin gily phep bay trong khoing tho'i gian da dy kiln v i phu hpp vd'i c i c dilu kien an ninh qude phdng cila kiiu vyc.
3.3. Chuan hi san sang bay
- Sin bay: Chpn s i n bay du tieu chgan phii hpp vo'i loai m i y bay sip dgng, khoing each tip san bay d i n khg do khong q u i 60km. Danh d i u tai vj tri m i y bay dd d l phgc vg cong t i c kiem tra va hieu ehinh troi ea bay, khi k i t thuc mfli ea bay m i y bay se quay v l s i n bay v i dimg Igi a dung vj tri do ban dau da dype dinh d i u tryoc khi d t cinh.
- Diim ca sa. Diem cp sfl' d n phii dypc thilt Igp trypc khi b i t d i u bay tgi c i c vj tri thflng thoing, trinh xa c i e toa n h i , xe cfl v i dud'ng d i y dien v i cd mpt khoing goc nguoing cao tdt de thu tin hieu v§ tinh mpt cich tdi da. Dpn vj khip s i t d n tiin hinh x i c djnh tpa dp khflng gian va dp dac trpng luc tuyet ddi tai Dilm co sd. Miy GPS 2 t i n sd lucn san sing do tTnh tai dilm cp sp trpng khping thpi gian tu' trufl'c khi khd'i dpng may bay den khi may bay dirng dfl v i t i t miy (Tram BASE).
- May bay. Lua chpn m i y bay phu hop co khcang s i n v i dud'ng ray cac hing g h i du rOng d l lap dat g i i do' miy, ngoai c i e thilt bj may moc, miy bay eon phii chfl dype tdl ttiilu 3 e i n bp ky thugt v i n hinh bay (chua tinh to Hi), m i y bay cc khi nang eung c i p ngudn diin dn djnh cho h i thdng hogt dpng, cc GPS d i n dyo'ng hd trp phi cflng bay diing dudng bay d i thiet k l .
- Miy Trong Itrc Hang khong: phai dupe kilm nghlpm, hieu chinh trypc khi tiin hinh lip dgt len m i y bey, he thdng khung g i i dc' dype g i n chic chin dn djnh tren miy bay v i lufln san sing che q u i trinh khap sit.
- Tn/c thdi tiet CCr c i n bp ky thuit eo kinh nghiem trye tho'i tilt 24/24h tgi khu do, khi nio tho'i tilt thuin Ipi l i gpi dien v l cho td bay chuan bj san sing bay ngay
3.4. Vgn hanh khi bay
Tren may bay e i n dypc trang bj GPS dan dypng d i dype eai dat san b i n dd chi dan thiet k l dyo'ng bay de d i m b i o m i y bay eo t h i bay diing vdi dyo'ng bay dypc thilt k l
- Cdng tic tren miy bay: Khdi dpng phin mim AIR III v i khpi tgp t i p tin dy lipu chp mOt ca bay bang m i y tinh dupc k i t nil true tilp vdi may Trpng lyc Hing khflng TAGS.
(Xem hinh 10)
Chgp man hinh hien thj eua phin m i m de phgc vu cflng t i c so sanh, kiem tra trypt sd dpc tgi vj tri m i y bay dd da dypc dinh d i u .
Nhin nut theo dfli ST tit/md de khoi dpng sy theo dfli sire cang ciia lo xo.
Phin mem AIR III eo 4 che dp phgc vu khao s i t do la: c l t canh, trye tuyin, xoay va hg cinh.
Khi m i y bay bay v i o khu vyc khio s i t dya he thdng v i o c h i dp cat c i n h . Phin mem
TAP CHl KHOA HOC DO DAC VA BAN O 6 S 6 19-3/2014 ' ^
Trao dot.
se ty ddng tmh todn gid tri sue cang Id xo gdn dung dua tren vj tri, dp cao va vdn tdc.
Mdy bay phdi dugc d i i u khien bay thing vd giu" dn djnh dp cao trong vdng it nhat 2-3 phut trude khi bay vdo dudng bay da duge thidt k i de can bd ky thudt dua hp thdng vao e h i dd true tiep (bang each nhip vao nut true t i i p tren giao didn phan mem AIR III). Che dp tnj'c tiip la e h i dp thu thap du* lieu Trpng lue Hang khdng binh thudng eua he thdng.
C h i dp xoay dugc su dung khi ehuan bi k i t thue mdt dudng bay vd ehuin bi chuyen sang dudng bay khae, thdng thudng he thdng se m i t khdng 2-3 phut de k i t thuc vide ghi du lieu trude khi chuyen sang dudng bay khdc.
Chd dp hg cdnh dugc SCP dung d cudi dudng bay cudi ciing.
Khi may bay hg cdnh phdi dam bao may bay dugc dd d vj tri da dugc danh d i u trudc khi bat dau c i t canh de thuc hien quy trinh sd dpe tTnh trong khao sat Trpng lyc Hdng khdng.
- Cdng tic dw&i mat dit:
May thu va ang ten GPS dat tai diem co sd phai duge giO' cd djnh trong qua trinh bay.
Trong sudt qua trinh bay khao sat thi edng tde thu tfn hieu ve tinh vd ddng bd thdi gian tgi diem co sd ludn phai dugc dam bao thdng sudt, ehi mpt sy cd nhd cd the d i n den vi?c huy bd todn bp du lieu do, du lieu Trpng lyc Hang khdng thu dugc Id song song vd dong thdi vdi du lieu GPS.
Thiet bj do thdi gian dugc thiit lap tgi Diem ea sd ydu eau phai dugc che chin de dam bao hogt ddng mdt each dn djnh tranh eac tac ddng do thdi tiit, nhiet dp... k i t ndi nguin didn lidn tue eung vdi 1 UPS de dam bao ngudn dien.
3.5. Ket thuc ca bay
•
; - - " - » mc TAGS - «
; 01 i c .
^-"^__%
~' 5 T
' i " " "
1'
0,014'
4^3
r :
fSjitf —
s i
ZJX)
•=\^^^'— "' '" ^^^^^ .- .. .
• ^ M '1 1 ..^
IHM^iraihlWlWgffirl'^i^rWMgTi'l
'
r
!MHI
' ' £
Hinh 10: Giao dien phin mem AIR III
TAP CHi KHOA HOC DO DAC VA B A N D 6 S 6 19-3/201^
Nhip vao nut dc ham tren giao didn phan mem AIR III de cd djnh bd cam bien trdn phan mem sau do van chat dc md tren nap cam bien cOa mdy do.
Nhin vao nut thoat chuang trinh (UNCLAMP) sau do nhan cd (YES) trong hop thogi xdc
nhdn. Phan mdm AIR I djnh hgy chua.
se xdc nhdn mdt l i n nua bd earn bidn cua mdy do da duge cd Tgi man hinh Windows, sCt' dung d eung di ddng d i sao chep cae tap tin dtp lieu gdm
*,DAT vd *.ENV. Thu muc dy lieu mac dinh la C:VMR lll\DATA (Hoac tw mgt thw muc cai d$t khic khi khai dong phan mim).
Sao chdp cdc anh chup man hinh hien thj cua phan m i m de phuc vu edng tdc so sdnh, kiim tra trugt sd dpc tgi vj tri may bay dd da dugc danh dau. Anh chup mdn hinh dugc luu trii' trong thu mye hinh dnh theo mac djnh.
- Tat Windows de t i t he thdng.
- Tat he thdng thu du lidu GPS.
- Gd bd the nhd dtp lipu trdn may GPS.
- Tat thiit bj do thdi gian.
- Tat ngudn ehinh.
Chii f. Ngay khi mdy bay hg cdnh - bp cam bien dugc tip dgt tren may bay phai Qwoc kit ndi vdi ngudn didn d sdn bay de ddm bao duy tri nhiet dp dn djnh eho den khi bat d i u ca bay tiep theo.
3.6. X u ly dii' lieu
Cdc du lieu khao sat trpng luc hang khdng thu dugc sau mdi ca bay bao gdm cdc tap tin du lieu '.DAT, *.ENV vd edc anh chup man hinh he thdng dugc sao luu va xu ly theo quy trinh xu ly dtp lieu Trpng lye Hdng khdng cua hang Microg LaCoste.
4. Ket luan
TAGS AIR III la mdt trong nhung he thdng may do trpng luc hang khdng hien dgi nhit trdn t h i gidi do hang Microg LaCoste ciia My san xuit, hidn nay da cd phien ban TAGS-6 (SYSTEM 6) mdi han.
Hd thdng mdy do trpng luc hdng khdng TAGS da duge su dung thanh cdng tgi nhiiu nudc tidn tien tren t h i gidi nhu My, Canada, Tay Au, Nam My, Chau Phi, Trung Ddng, Nhgt Bdn, Australia v.v phuc vy edng tdc do dgc khao sat trpng luc tai cdc qude gia dd.
Trdn eg sd chugng trinh hgp tae khoa hpc vd ehuyen giao cdng nghd giira Vien Khoa hpc Do dgc vd Ban dd vdi cdc chuyen gia cua hang Microg LaCoste,-tham khao cdc du an frpng lyc tren t h i gidi va edc diiu kidn eu the d Viet Nam, ehung tdi dd xay dung thdnh
TAP CHi KHOA HOC DO DAC VA BAN D6 S6 19-3/2014
eong Qgy trinh vgn hinh bay khao sat trpng lue. Tif dd ed t h i d l xuat e i c giai phip i>ng dgng mpt cich ce hieg q u i h i thflng m i y trpng lyc hang khdng TAGS AIR III (hpac tuong dupng) tai Viet Nam phue vu viee nghien cipu lanh the, lanh hai, quan ly khai thie khoing s i n v i bao v i t i i nguyen thien nhien mfli tnppng mpt each ben vipng.O
Tai lieu tham khao
[1]. Bell, R., Childers, V , Arko, R., Blankenship, D., and Brozena, J., 1999, Airborne gravity and precise positioning for geolpgical applicatipns, JGR, v. 104, np. B7, p. 15281- 15292.
[2]. Brpzena, J., and Peters, M., 1988, An Airbprne Gravity Study of eastern North Carolina, Geophysics, v. 53, no. 2, p. 245-253.
[3]. Brozena, J., 1992, The Greenland Aerogeophysies Project: Airborne gravity, topo- graphic, and magnetic mapping of an entire continent, in: O. Colpmbp (Ed.): Frpm Mars to Greenland, Prpc. lAG symposia 110, Vienna 1991, Springer-Veriag, p. 203-214.
[4]. Gumert, W., 1997, Aerogravity Sureeying System: A Highly Effective Exploration Tool, in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Airborne Geophysics, ed. Colin Reeves, International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences, p. 41-49.
[5]. Halpenny, J., and Darbha, D., 1995, Airborne gravity tests over Lake Ontario, Geophysics, v. 60, np. 1, p. 61-65.
[6]. Klingele, E., Coeard, M., Halllday, M., and Kahle, H-G., 1996, Airborne Gravimetric Survey of Switzeriand: Swiss Geophysical Commission, Report Number 31, 104 pages.
[7]. LaCoste, L., 1967, Measurement of Gravity at Sea and in the Air, Reviews of Geophysics, v. 5, no. 4, p. 477-526.
[8]. Schwarz, K., and Li, Y, 1996, What can airborne gravimetry contribute to geoid determination? , JGR v. 101, p. 17873-17881.
[9]. Vaillant, H., and LaCoste, L., 1976, Theory and evaluation of the LaCoste 8 Romberg three-axis inertial platform for marine gravimetry. Geophysics, v. 41, p. 459-467.
[10]. Vaillant, H., 1991, Gravity Meter Calibration at LaCoste & Romberg, Geophysics, v 5 6 , p. 705-711.
[11]. Vaillant, H., 1992, The LaCoste & Romberg Air/Sea Gravity Meter: An oven/lew, in Handbook of Geophysical Exploration at Sea, 2nd Edition, Hydrpcarbons: CRC Press, p.
141-176.
[12]. Washealus, G., Kratpchwill, J., and Gumert, W., 1991, Precise Airborne Gravity Measurements For Geophysical Exploration, Institute of Navigation and Exploration, 4tli annual meeting, Williamsburg, VA., 25 pages.
[13]. Wilson, W., Van Nieuwenhuise, R., Steuer, M., and Ojeda, G , 1996, identifying Structural Styles in Colombia, AAPG Annual Convention, San Diego, Calif.O
Ngay nh$n bii: 22/10/2013.
TAP CHl KHOA HOC DO DAC VA B A N O 6 S 6 19-3/2014
