Kinh t e - Van hda - Giao due Tir THirc T I £ N H O A T D O N G CUA TRlTCKVG D^I HOC TRA VINH,
THU^ DE XUAT VIEC XAY DUTVG DIEU LE CHO MO HINH CAO DANG CONG DONG d VIET NAM
FROM THE PRACTICAL OPERATION OF TRA VINH UNIVERSITY TO SUGGESTIONS FOR BUILDING REGULATIONS FOR COMMUNITY COLLEGE MODEL IN VIET NAM
Tdm tat
Bdi viit gi&i thieu sa luge thicc tiin hogt ddng cua Tru&ng Dgi hgc Trd Kinh, da hinh thdnh vd phdt trien tie Truong Cao ddng Cdng dong Trd
Vmh du&i sie dp dung linh hogt md hinh Cao ddng Cgng ddng cita eac nu&c Bdc My vdo dieu kiin Viet Nam. Tie do, tdc gid dua ra mgt sd de xudt xdy dimg dieu li cho md hinh Tru&ng Cao ddng Cdng dong v&i mong muon ddng gdp cho viic hodn thien quy che hogt ddng ciia md hinh tru&ng Cao ddng Cgng ddng & Viet Nam hiin nay. Trong bdi, cd dua ra mgt vdi dinh nghTa ve tric&ng Cao ddng Cdng ddng, gi&i thiiu ngdn ggn mo hinh Tru&ng Cao ddng Cgng ddng & cdc me&c trin thi gi&i vd tgi Viet Ngm.
Tie khda: Cao ddng Cgng ddng, Tru&ng Dgi hoc Trd Vinh, md hinh.
NguySn Tbi Mai Kha' Abstract
The article briefly introduces practical operation of Tra Vinh University which began as a Tra Vinh Community College, and its sueessful application of the North American community college fi-amework in a Vietnamese context. From this, the article gives some proposals for building regulations for community college model in Viet Nam, a few definitions of the Community College, and a brief introduction of Community College model in countries around the world and in VietNam.
Keywords: community college, Tra University, model.
Vinh
1. Md dau
Trong nhung nam gdn day, Tmdng Cao ddng Cflng ddng (CDCD) khdng cdn xa Ig vdi ngudi dan. Dd la md hinb dua nSn giao due, nhat la giao due dgi bpc, dSn cdng ddng. Nd giup ngudi bpc cd CO bpi tiSp can giao dye dai hoc tgi dia phuang, giam dupc ehi phi, chuong trinh giang dgy lai da dgng, phu hgp vdi mpi lua tudi.
DS cap den nhiing uu diem eua Trudng CDCD, PGS.TS. Pham Tilt Khdnh - Chu tich Hiep hdi Cao ding Cdng ddng Viet Nam cd ndi: "Tff ngudi chua tdt nghiSp phd thdng den ngudi cd trinh dp tmng cip, cao dang deu cd the ghi danh theo hpc vdi hinh thuc tin chi hogc md dun tai Trudng Cao ddng Cpng dflng. Hpc vien khi hoan thanh mpt phin chuong trinh co the di lam, den khi cd dieu kien thi cd the hpc tiep cho den khi hoan thdnh bac cao ddng hay HSn thflng len bac dgi hpc. Vi vgy, thdi gian hpc cd the keo dai dSn 5-7 nam, dap ting dugc muc tiSu hpc tap sudt ddi ciia ngudi dan"
(Bdo dien tii VTC News, ngay 12/8/2014).
' Trudng Oai hQC Tra Vinh
Vao nhu'ng nam ddu thgp ky 90 cua the ky XX, 5 Trudng CDCD dau tien cua nudc ta dugc thi diem tff Dy dn nghien cuu thilt lap md hinh Trudmg Dai hpc Cong dflng tiong dieu kien kinh te xa hdi Viet Nam, d cac dia phuang nhu Hdi Phdng, Ha Tdy (cii), Thanh Hda, Phii Yen va Ddng Thdp.
Vdi sy hd trg cua Ha Lan va Canada, vdo cdc nam 2001, 2002, 2003 da lin lugt xuit bien 9 Trudng CDCD, dd la cac tiudng CDCD Hai Pbdng, CDCD Ha Tay, CDCD Quang Ngai, CDCD Ba Ria-Vflng Tau, CDCD Tiln Giang, CDCD Ddng Thap, CDCD Tra Vinh, CDCD VTnh Long va CDCD Kien Giang (Nguyen Huy Vj 2011). Cho den nam 2015, ca nudc da cd 14 trudng CDCD phan bl d khdp ba mien Bac, Trung, Nam.
Tff thyc tien hoat dflng cffa Trudng Dai hpc Tra Vinh, bai viet dua ra mpl sfl de xual nham xdy dyng Dilu le Trudng CDCD Viet Nam vdi mong mudn ddng gdp cho viec hoan tbien quy che hogt ddng Clia md hinh Truong CDCD hien nay.
2. Ngi dung
2.1. Dinh nghia ve Trudng Cao dang Cong dong
S622. tiiang 7/2016 K J
• I l i a Kinh tg"-Van h d a - G i a o due Hien tai, ed nhilu dinh nghTa ve Trudng Cao ding Cpng ddng. Mdi dinh nghTa phan anh each nhin nhan va diln dat khac nhau ve Tiudng Cao ding Cdng ddng. Chang ban nhu:
Theo Nguyen Huy Vi (2011: 39) "Trudng Cao ding Cpng dong la co so giao due cflng lap, do dia phuong diu tu xay dyng va td chuc dieu hanh hoat dflng ddo tgo va triln khai nghien cffu khoa hpc cdng nghe, nhdm phuc vu nhu cau nhan iuc da dang ciia cpng ddng; cd dia vi plidp Iy nhu cae Iruong cao ddng khdc thupc he thing gido due qudc dan; dao tgo da cip; da nganh lien thdng gifta cae bac dao lao frong trudng va ngodi trudng bang nbiSu hinh thu'c, gin dao lao vdi sff dung, tao mdi quan he chat che giua nha truong vdi cdc co sd sdn xuit, kinh doanh, dat biet hd trg ky thuat cho cac frang frai chan nufli, trdng trpt va che bien nong, Iam, thiiy, hai san vua va nhd" -.
Theo Eisner, Boggs & Irwin (2008), "Trudng Dgi hgc Cdng ddng la mfll Iruong dao tgo sau trung hgc, khong bdt bupc, dugc cong nhan la td chffc giao due dai bpc dao tao dap img nhu cdu ciia cflng ddng" (Cynthia K Epperson 2010, tr 25).
Cdn theo Dinh Nam (2014) cho rang "Cao dang Cpng dflng la loai hinh ddo tao bgc cao dang dugc md tai cac dia phuang (do UBND tinh quan ly); phuong thffc dao tao tii' nhffng khda bdi dudng kien thffc ngdn ban den nhung khda hpc hoan chlnh til' bac trung cap den cao dang, lien thflng len dai hpc. Dfli tupng dao tgo la tit ca nhftng ngudi cd nhu cau hgc tap d cdc trinh dp khac nhau".
Mai Van Tinh (2015) thi" Cao ddng Cdng dflng la hien lupng dac biel dflc dao nham dap iing nhu cau Clia cpng ddng tiep can giao due dai bpc, bao gdm ca dao lao nghe, phat trien nghiep vu, giao due Ihudng xuyen va chuyen tiep len dai bpc 4 nam d My va Canada".
Tuy cd nhieu dinh nghTa kbac nhau ve Trudng CDCD nhu da de cap d tren nhung tat ca diu cd nhung diem chung. cac ioai hinh dao tao tgi Trudng CDCD dugc md va giang dgy lai dia phuong, dap ung nhu cau hpc tap cua cflng dflng, tao dilu kien cho ngudi dan d vung sau vimg xa cd ca hdi hpc tap, cd sy tham gia ciia dai dien nhan dan dl khao
sat nbu cau cffa dia phuang. Nhin ehung, Trudng CDCD CO nhfl'ng dac diem ea bdn sau:
- Ddp irng nhu edu cdng ddng
- Ca cdu td chuc ddm bdo su tham gia cita cpng ddng
' Chuang trinh ddo tgo dugc phdt triin vd diiu chinh theo yiu cdu eua cdng viec
- Da ngdnh vd da cap
- Ddo tgo theo md hinh hgc tap mo vd sudt dai 2.2. Md hinh Trudng Cao dang cong dong tren the gidi va d Viet Nam
2.2.1 Gi&i ihiiu md hinh CDCD tren thi gi&i ^
* Md hinh CDCD cua Hoa Ky
Sau 20 nam hinh thanh va phdt trien cua loai hinh Trudng Cao dang (Junior College), "Hiep hoi tmdng Cao dang Hoa Ky" ("American Association of Junior Colleges" ; AACJC) dupc thanh lap nam 1920 d St. Louis - Misouri dugc ddi thdnb "Hiep hgi Trudmg Cao dang Cdng ddng Hoa Ky" ndm 1930 d Barkerley - Califonia (American Association of Community and Junior Colleges; AACJC). Den nam 1990, Hiep hgi Trudng Cao dang Cpng dong Hoa Ky quySt dinh bd ti'nh tff "Junior" frong danh xung "Community and Junior College" de chi con mflt danh tu thdng nhat chi Ioai hinh dai hoc ngan han ciia Hoa Ky thien ve tinh huan ngbiep thyc hanh hon la giao dye ban lam: Community College;
va tu day "American Association of Community College", viet tit AACC, la ten gpi chinh thirc ciia
"Hiep hdi Trudng Cao dang Cdng ddng Hoa Ky"
cho den ngay nay.
Tren ca sd sy thanh cdng cua he thong CDCD Hoa Ky, dac biet Id sy thdnh cdng tiong viec dao tao nhanh ngudn nhan lyc cd chat lugng de dap ffng nhu cau lai thiet dat nude hoac chan da suy thodi cffa nSn kinh tS - xa hdi sau chien tranh the gidi thu II, md hinh Community College ciia Hoa Ky vdi thdi gian dao tao ngdn ban 2 ndm da bat dau dupc du nhgp vao tidn 20 quflc gia kliac nhu Canada, Anh, Phdp, Due, Nhat, Han Quoc, Thai Lan, Viet Nam, ...
Sau nam nam hoat dgng (tir 2001 -2005) theo Quy che lam Ihffi noi Iren ciia 9 trudng Cao d k g cgng dSng diiu lien tai H6i thao Vi?t - M J ve mo hinh Trircrng CDCD dugc l6 chuc a Trucmg CDCD Kien Giang vao ngay 11/11/2005, flgi dien ciia Bfi GD& DT Viet Nam tia trinh bay dir kien, ban Quy che ciiinh Ihixc sl dugc de innh Bg iruong Bo GD&DT vao that gian sip tdi, c6 dua ra mgt dinh ngliia tam tiioi \k kJiai mem truong CDCD a Vicl Nam
J
• Mo hinh CDCD cua Canada
Canada la mot quoc gia a B^c My du nhap som . nhat rao hhih CDCD ciJa Hoa Ky; va cung vi vay,
i "Cm*,
10 Cl
^ Phan nay dn^c chgn lgc va trich dSn tir cu6n sSch M6 hinh traintg ^ Cag d k g Cgng d5ng VietNam ciia tac gia Nguyen Huy_Vi {2011),tr 48-53.tr 64-65, tr 6 8 - 7 0 J | (Jam 15
So22. Ihdng 7/2016 i l u U r a(nig|
Jil
Kinh te'- Van hda - Giao due IflJH Canada cd mdt lie thdng cac Trudng CDCD ldn
thu hai thi gidi sau Hoa Ky.
Cao ddng Cdng ddng ciia Canada cd nhiSu ten gpt khac nhau tiiy theo mdi dia phuong; ngodi nhftng he tiidng trudng ldn cd td chuc chat che nhu he thdng Ontario, be thdng Quebec, he tfidng British Columbia vd he thong Alberta, thi d cac tinh le cung cd nhung dgi hpc 2 nam sinh boat rieng re va tu do ban.
He thdng Ontario gdm cd cac Trudng Cao dang Nghe thuat ijng dyng va Cdng nghe (College of Applied Arts and Technology - vilt tit CAAT) dupe tiidnh lgp nam 1965. Mdi CAAT cd 3 khoa:
Nghe thugt IJng dyng, Quan tri Kinh doanh vd Ky tbuat. Cac frudng cao dang nay giang day mdt chuang trinh ddc lap, khdng tuong ducmg vdi cdc chuong trinh cua cae dai hpc 4 ndm, nen cdc sinh viSn eua tmdng khd cd the chuyen tilp ISn hgc d tmdng dgi hpc 4 nam. Nhumg frudng CAAT chff trpng ddc biet dSn viec td chuc cac ldp hpc vdo ban dSm vd cae hpc trinh ddnh riSng eho sinh viSn dang cd cdng an viec ldm, hpc ban thdi gian (part time).
He thdng Quebec gdm cd cac Trudng Cao dang Giao due Dai cuong va ChuySn nghiep (Colleges d'Enseignemeiit General et Professionel - viet tat CEGEP) dugc thdnh lap vao nam 1967. Ngan sdch cua CEGEP do chinh quyen cffa bang tai frp hodn loan, sinb vien khdng phai ddng bpc phi. CEGEP thudng dugc thiet lap gan cac dgi hpc cd dien 4 ndm dS dS dang lien kSt vd chuyen tiep sinh viSn sau khi tdt nghiep. Cd 23 CEGEP dgy bdng Phdp ngu va mdt trudng day bdng Anh ngft vdi chuang trinh dgi bpc ngan hgn chuyen tiSp hoac ky thudt.
He thdng Alberta cd 8 trudng cao dang (Junior Colleges), trong dd cd 5 tmdng cdng lap va 3 trudng tu thyc, dupe thdnh lap theo Luat Dai hpc 1959 (Colleges Act, 1959). Cde fruong nay giang day chuong trinh chuySn nghiep va ea ehuong trinh cbuyen tiep len dai bpc 4 nam.
He thong British Columbia (B.C) cd tmdng gpi la Community College; cac tmdng nay ed ca cau td chffc va npi dung boat ddng ddo tgo theo md hinh Community College cua Hoa Ky. Cdc CDCD cua British Columbia dSu Id truong cong lap va dugc xdy dung bat dau tft nam 1958; ngdn sach cua eac trudng do chinb quyen bang chi tra hogc dugc su dai thp ciia mdt hay nhiSu hat dja gido due.
* Md hinh CDCD cua Nhat Ban Nam 1947, dudi anh hudng cua Hoa Ky, Nhgt
Ban da dupc su cd van cua Giao su Walter Eells - nguySn Tdng Thu ky Hiep hdi CDCD Hoa Ky - ve viec xay dung mang ludi tiudng dao tao chuySn ngbiep theo kieu mdi. Sau khi nghien cffu ky Iuong tinh binb be tbdng dgy nghS cu cua Nhat Ban, Giao su Walter Eells da de xuat vdi tu lenh todn quyen luc lupng ddng minh ddn trii tgi Nhdt Ban, va chinh pbu Nhgt Ban luc bay gid, nen chuySn ddi hogt dpng cua eac fruong dai hpe chuyen nghiep ba ndm d Nhgt Bdn thdnh cac Truomg Dgi hgc dodn k}- hai nam gpi la frudng Tanki - Daijgaku.
Tu dd, 599 tmdng dai hpe chuyen nghiep 3 nam dli cac logi nganh nglie (su phgm, thiiy san, thuang mgi, ky thugt,.w...) dupe cap tdc cai td thdnh 181 Trudng CDCD 2 nam. Ddng thdi, Giao su Walter Eells mdi mpt sd ddng nghiep cua minh sang Tokyo de cimg vdi cac giao su Nhat Ban soan thdo chuomg trinh vd viet giao trinb.
Ngay nay, be tbdng cac Tmdng Dgi hgc doan ky Tanki - Daugaku (cdn gpi la cac Tmdng Cao dang Ky thuat) tuyen hpc sinh hpc xong Trung hgc phd thdng dao tgo 2 nam, eiing vdi he thdng 60 Tru'dng Cao dang Cdng nghe tuyen hgc sinh Trung hpc CO sd dao tao 5 nam, Idm thanh mgt he thdng trudng bach nghe co dac tinh tmdng CDCD thudc he thdng gido dye dgi hpc cua Nhat Ban.
* Mfl hinb CDCD cua Thai Lan
Ke tu nam 2001, chinh sach phat frien gido dye dai hpe ciia Hoang gia Thai Lan da bay tfl quan dien cua minh nhu sau:
(1) Cao dang cpng dflng la mpt frong nhftng cbinh sach ve giao due dugc Thu tuong de trinb ISn Quflc hdi vao cudi thang 2 nam 2001. Day la cam kel cua Thu tudng dfli vdi ngudi Thai. DiSu nay xuat phat tu tdm nhin ctia chinh phu trong viec giai quyet van de giao due cho 60 frieu dan. Cao dang cflng dong dupc xay dung phuc vu cho nbu cau cua hpc sinh trung hpc nham nang cao ky nang nghe nghiep, frinh dp hge van va ca hdi hpc tap sudt ddi, va mdt phan cho nhumg ngudi kbdng cd ca hpi tiep can giao due dai hgc.
(2) Dau lien, tmdng CDCD se dupc thanh lap tgi 10 tinh chua cd cdc hinh thffc dao tao dai hpc.
Sau dd, cac Trudng CDCD se dugc thanh lap d 66 tinh cdn lai.
Hien nay. Thai Lan da cd 17 Trudng CDCD boat ddng theo md hinh CDCD Hoa Ky (Community College); bao gdm khu vyc phia Bac: 4 trudng;
khu vyc Ddng Bdc: 4 tmdng; khu vyc phia Nam:
So 22. thdng 7/2016 [ I l l |
• 1 1 ^ Kinh tg" - Van hda - Giao due 6 tmdng; phia Ddng 2 trudng va khu vyc Mien Tmng 1 trudng.
Nam 2003, Bd Giao due Thai Lan dd ban hanh Quy che qudn ly giao dye cac don vi true thudc trong Tmdng CDCD nhu sau:
(1) Myc tieu phat triln cua Trudng CDCD Thai Lan la:
Trudng CDCD dupe thanh lap theo ea cdu eua dom vi Nha nudc, dugc quan ly bdi cpng ddng nham cung cip cac chuang frinh ddo tgo chuyen nghiep va hpc thuat theo nhu ciu hpe tap cua cpng ddng.
(2) Vl CO cdu tfl chu'c va quan ly tmdng CDCD d cap vT md (Nba nude) vd vi md (ndi bp tmdmg) theo 2 so dfl dudi day:
a - So dd td chffc quan ly vT md cac Trudng CDCD Thai Lan
VU QIAO DUC DAI HOC
I
LUY BAN CSCD
,
•
HQI DCiNG QUAN TRI TRUtlNG CSCD
b - So do td chffc quan ly vi md cde Trudng CDCD Thai Lan
Hp! DdNG CUA TRl/dNG CBCB
BO PHAN
DI£UHANH BpPHAN
DI£UHANH BOPHi^N I
DI£UHANH
2.2.2. Md hinh CDCD eiia Viit Nam ^ Md hinh CDCD cua Viet Nam cd nhftng dde diSm sau:
Phan nay dirijc chcin lgc va trich din tCr bai vilt "M^t s6 d^c digm nei bat cua mo hinh Cao dang Cong d6ng" vao ngay 18/7/2015 lai trang web Hiep hoi Cao diig COng d6ng Viet Nam.
(1) Ddp ung nhu cdu cgng ddng
Cdng ddng md cde Trudng CDCD hudng tdi ddp ffng gdm ed ngudi dan, cdc td chuc, doanh ngbiep nha nudc va tu nhdn trong va ngoai nudc ddng fren mot dia ban hay khu vuc dia ly nhit djnh va cao hem nfta la nen kinh te dja phuong. Nhu cau d day khdng cbi dupc hiSu la nhu ciu hpc tdp thdng thudng trSn ldp md cdn la cdc nhu ciu vS nang cao nang lye va cac dich vy hd frg khae.
(2) Ca cdu td chiec dam bdg sir tham gia cm cgng ddng
De dam bdo sy tham gia ciia cdng dong Iuon dugc long ghdp diy du vd hieu qua vao cac hogt dpng cua nha trudng, tuy khdng cd mdt khudn mlu tfl chffc nao cd dinh eho tit ca cac Trudng CDCD nhung cdc dan vi sau thudng dugc tim tiiiy tai cac tmdng CDCD;
- Hpi ddng Tu vdn nha tmdng.
- Ban Tu vdn Chuong trinh - Hdi ddng Hpc thugt
- Td Khao sat Thi truong Lao ddng va Danh gia ySu eau cua thj tmdng lao ddng
- Td Phat triln Chuang frinh - Td Huin luyen Giao viSn - Ban Gidi va Dan tdc,
(3) Chuong trinh ddo tgo dugc phdt triin vd diiu chinh theo yeu cdu cua cong viic
Quy trinh phdt friln chuong frinh dao tgo ciia cdc tmdng CDCD gdm cd cdc budc sau:
Thyc hien phdn tich nhu ciu
Xde dinb cde nghe can/ thiSu trong thi tm6ng lao ddng vd cdc tiSu chuan ky nang eho ede nghe ay
Liy y kiSn eua Ban Tu vin chuong trinh '•.
Xem xet cac tieu chuin kJ ndng dl xdc djnh ngi dung giang dgy
Xay dyng tiln trinh danh gia, kiem fra, thi '?
Xay dyng, cgp nhgt tdi ligu giang day ' .
Thyc hien gidng dgy si Danh gia kit qua ddo tao va dieu chiidi
chuong frinh I Dilu quan trpng frong quy trinh phat frien
chuang frinh dao tao theo yeu ciu ciia cflng viec tNait
So 22. thdng 7/2016 d ^
K i n h t e - v a n fada-Gido due I T g la ndi dung gidng dgy va cac tdi lieu day - hpc diu
dugc Ban Tu vin Chuong trinh va cdc cbuyen gia bSn ngoai gdp y va tham dinb ky luong nhilu lin.
(4) Da nganh vd da cdp
Dao tao d nhieu bgc nhu cao dang, nghS dai hgn, nghe ngan ban va cac khda bgc cap chiing chi hoan thanh. Ben canh do, cac frudng CDCD cdn thuc hiSn liSn thdng tu cao dang len dgi bgc vdi mdt sd trudng dai hpc nhdm thda man nhu cdu hpe dai hpe cffa edng ddng. Mpt sd tmdng CDCD dugc ' phat trien len thdnh frudng dgi hge - eao ding sau nhieu nam thyc bien md hinh CDCD dl cd thi tu cap bang dgi hpe va sau dgi hpe vd mang lgi ca hdi hge tap dai hgc vd sau dai hgc tgi chd cho ngudi dan frong cpng ddng.
(5) Ddo tgo theo md hinh hgc tap m& vd sudt ddi Md hinh hpc tap sudt ddi cho phep ngudi hpc cd thi dS dang lya chpn chuomg trinh va tbdi dilm hge tap phu hgp vdi diSu kien ca nban, ngudi hge cd the dung viec hgc sau den mpt diem "dffmg" nhit dinh vd ed the quay lgi bpc nhiSu ldn va nha frudng khdng dat ra gidi hgn tudi tdc ddi vdi ngudi bpc.
Md hinh hpc tap sudt ddi cd the dugc xem nhu Id cai "hdn" eiia eac Tmdng CDCD va Iam cho cdc Tmdng CDCD hoan toan khdc biet vdi cdc Tmdng Dai hgc va Cao dang thdng tfiudng khac tgi Viet Nam.
13. Bai hoc kinh nghiem tir tbuc tien boat dong cua Trirdng Dai hgc Tra Vinh - mot mo hinh Trudng Cao dangi^ai hge Cong ddng.
Mdt frong nhirng thdnh edng ciia Dy dn Cao ding Cpng ddng Viet Nam - Canada (2001-2006) dd la sy van dung thanh cdng md hinh cao dang cdng ddng cua ede nudc Bac My vao diSu kien Viet Nam cffa Tmdng CDCD Trd Vinh (Nay la Trudmg Dai hgc Tra Vinh).
Tmdmg dugc thanh lap vao thang 8.2001, trong khudn kho Du an CDCD Viet Nam - Canada (2001-2006) do Ca quan Phdt triln Qudc t l eua Canada (CIDA) tai trp. Tmdng CDCD Tra Vinh hogt dpng theo md hinh CDCD cua Canada cd dieu chinh eho phu hgp vdi dilu kien cua Viet Nam va tinb Tra Vinh. Su thanh cdng cua Du an CDCD - Viet Nam - Canada, thdng qua Tmong CDCD Tra Vinh, da minh chumg md hinb Trudng CDCD cffa Canada van hanh hieu qua trong he thdng giao due cua Viet Nam.
Trudng CDCD Tra Vinh fryc thupc UBND tinh Tra Vinh va ehiu su quan ly Nba nudc cua Bd
Gido due & Ddo tgo, Trudng ed trdch nhiem tbuc ddy sy pbat trien kinh te tlnh nha va cdc vung Ian can Ddng bang sdng Cuu Long. Cac chuang trinh dao tao cao ddng cua trudng dugc phat triSn dua tren'nhu cau cua nha tuyen dyng. Trudmg CDCD Tra Vinh la Trudmg CDCD diu tien dp dung ISO 9001-2000. Dac biet Tmdng ddy manh bgp tac vdi cae Vien, Tmdng Dgi hpc/Cao dang cd danh tieng tien the gidi va dua hang trdm giang vien, can bd quan ly di tham quan, hpe tap tgi cde fruomg tien tien fren the gidi nhim tiep cdn va dp dyng phu hgp nen gido due hien dai, tien tien vao dilu kien Viet Nam. (Trudng dugc Hiep hdi CDCD Canada - ACCC kSt ngp Id thanh vien thu 151 va la thanh viSn nude ngoai duy nhit eua Hiep hdi Cao ding Cgng ddng Canada).
Thua hudng thanh qua do, Trudmg Dai hgc Trd Vinh dugc nang cip tien ca sd tu Trudng CDCD Trd Vinh, da ap dung Iinh hoat md hinh cao dang cpng ddng va tiep tyc thuc hien theo budng dgi hgc cdng ddng.
Tmomg Dgi hpc Tra Vinh la Tmdng Dgi hpe cdng lap d khu vuc Ddng bdng sdng Cum Long, vdi chffc nang nghiSn cuu khoa hoc, dao tao ngudn nbdn luc quan tipng ciia tinb vd khu vyc; la tmdng dgi bpc duy nhat eua cd nudc dao tgo ITnh vyc ngdn ngff vdn hda, nghe thugt Khmer Nam Bd.
Trudng dugc Thu tudng Chinh phu giao la don vi thyc hien nhiem vu frpng diem qudc gia dao tao nhan luc ve Ngdn ngu - Van bda - Nghe thudt Khmer Nam Bd, ddp ung nhu cdu pbat trien van bda - xa hdi d Nam Bd.
Trong 10 ndm hinh thanb vd phdt friSn, thay va trd ludn nd lue phdn dau vugt qua khd khan thu thdch de tiep tyc dua nen giao dye tlnh nha ndi rieng, ca nudc ndi chung phdt trien theo phuong chdm: Mang den ca hgi hpc tap chdt luang cho cpng dong.
Hien nay, Trudng Dai hoc Tra Vinh cd tren 25 ngan sinh viSn dang theo hgc d tat ca eac bgc hpc.
Trudng dao tao 31 nganb d bac Dai hpc, 39 nganh bgc Cao dang vd 34 ngdnh Trung cip Chuyen nghiep, 13 ngdnh sau dai hpc va 03 ngdnh nghien cun sinh, hon 45 don vi true thudc vdi tdng sd viSn chuc fren 800.
Nhd trudng khflng ngimg day manh cdng tac nghiSn cffu kboa hpc frong sinh viSn va gidng vien, viec nang cao chat lugng ddo tgo ludn dugc chu trpng nham dao tao dpi ngu nhan lyc ddp ung nhu cau xd hdi.
So 22. thdng 7/2016 UUJ
i f l ^ l Kinh t g ' - V a n h d a - G i a o due Trudng Dai bgc Tra Vinh manh dan hgp tac vdi nhiimg trudng dai hpc uy tin tren the gidi nhdtn dua cac chuong trinh dao tao chuan qudc te ve Viet Nam, gui hang trdm giang vten sang nudc ngodi bgc tap nang cao chuyen mfln vd ngbiep vy. Day mgnh hgp tac vdi cac co quan don vi, cac doanh nghiep, trong va ngoai tinh...
2.4. Trudng Dai hgc Tra Vinh: nhung dl xuit xay dung Dieu le Trudng Cao ddng Cong ddng
Vdi sy tilp tyc ho frg vd giiip dd tu td chffc Phdt triln Quoc tl Canada (CIDA) da cam kit md rdng dy an CDCD, dy an da thuc diy sy phat friln kinh tl xa hfli d mflt so ITnh vyc cua Viet Nam.
Cdc Trudng CDCD Viet Nam se cd dupc nbiSu thudn lgi ban frong viec dp dung md hinh CDCD cua Bdc My (diln hinh la md hinh CDCD Viet Nam - Canada) ca ve mat vat chat cflng nhu cdc ITnh vyc thupc ky thuat va chuyen mdn. Cu the la tai diln ddn phdt trien md hinh CDCD Canada - Viet Nam dd dien ra tai thit dd Ottawa ciia Canada tu ngdy 9-14/11/2009, dai dien CIDA khing djnb day Id md hinh tdt can phat huy vi mang lgi tac ddng fruc tilp cbo pbat tiiln kinh tl - xa hdi tgi cac dja pbuang d Viet Nam. CIDA cung cam kit tiep tuc tai trp cho dy an hap tac CDCD tai Viet Nam (Theo TTXVN, 25/12/2009),
Tuy nhien, trong qua tiinh tiep can va van dyng mfl hinh, cdc Truong CDCD can thudng xuySn khao sat, phan tich va ddnh gia nhu cau cua cpng ddng, nhu cau eua thi tmdng Iao ddng, dy doan cac mfli de dpa, khung hoang phai ddi mat tu thien tai, tft nen kinh tS thi tiudng vd can hieu ro nhu cau cua nha doanh ngbiep, nha tuyen dung, ciia cac cap quan ly tai dia phuang, cac nhd dau tu tgi dia phuong vd nhu cau ciia ngudi dan vi nhu cau cua cpng dong se khdng cfl dinh ma thuong xuyen thay dfli theo nen kinh tS, xa hdi ciia dia phuong do ndi rieng, ca nudc va qudc tS ndi chung. De tff do dua ra cac hudng xff !y thich hgp nhim dap ffng kip thdi vd ddy du cac yeu cdu cua cdng ddng, hgn chS duge nhirng nii ro trong tuong iai.
Vdi mong mudn ddng gdp cho sy phdt tiien eua he thflng Truong CDCD tgi Viet Nam, tren ca sd tflng hgp va chgn loc thong tin tu tinh hinh thyc tl, bai vilt xin dua ra mot vai dl xuit nhdm xay dyng Dilu le Trudng CDCD Viet Nam nbu sau:
(1) Chuong frinh dao tao cua Truomg CDCD dupc xay dung linh hoat, mim deo, lien thdng giua cac bgc ddo tgo (tu chuong trinh dao tgo ngin hgn.
dai hgn, tmng cap den bdc cao dang); chuomg frii dao tao dai ban cd nhftng diem dftng hpc thich hpp nhim giffp ngu'di hpe lufln cd cohdi hpe tap sufltddi.
a) Cde diSm dung hpe cua chuang frinh dao tao dai ban (bao gdm bae Trung cip, Cao dang) co the dugc chia Iain 3 thang, 6 thdng, 12 thang, 18 thang, 24 thang... ngudi hpe d\xgc phep ra frudng theo nhffng dilm dung nay vdi eac chirng eh! nghS nghiep tuong ffng va dupc phep tiSp tuc vao hpc khi cd diSu kien de hoan thanh chuang trinh ddo tao.
b) Chuang trinh ddo tgo dupc xay dung chia thanh mddun/hpc phan, viee hodn thanh cac mddun/ hpc phan nay duge tinb bing don vj tin chi.
c) Chuomg trinh dao tao dugc da dgng hda, md ra CO hdi tiSp cgn giao due, dao tgo cho tat ca cac nhdm dfli tugng ngudi hpc, dgc biet quan tam din nhdm ddi tupng ngudi hpc bj thiet thdi trong cpng ddng vi nhieu nguyen nhan kbac nhau; kinh te, xa hpi, van hda, dja ly, hpc Iuc...
(2) Thdi gian de hoan thanh mpt chuomg frinh dao tao eua ngudi hpc tai Trudng CDCD ddng la kbdng gidi hgn va cho phep ngudi bpc ra tmong va tiep tyc vao hpc theo cdc diSm diing dugc xac djnh cu the trong lung chuong trinh dao tao.
(3) Chuang trinh dao tgo cua Trudng CDCD thyc hien mdt phan chffc nang ddo tao dai hpc;
Trudng CDCD va Trudng dgi hpc - co sd dao tgo chiu trach nhiem dd ddu - xdy dyng cac chuang frinh chuyen tiep nham giup sinh vien hoan thanh khda hpe bae dai hpc ciia co sd dao tgo da dau neu sinh viSn du nang iyc va dieu kien hpc tap.
(4) Tuyen sinh cua Trudng Cao dang Cflng ddng tbeo co' che ghi danh, xet tuyen ddp ung nhu cau hpc tap sudt ddi cua ngudi dan.
(5) Trudng CDCD hoan todn ty cbu, ty chiu trach nhiem ti'ong viec xay dung, tham dinh, ban hanh chuong trinh ddo tao dap ung ySu cau phat trien kinh tl, van hda, xa hdi tgi dia phuong.
(6) To cliu'c dao tao, bdi duong cac chuong trinh gido due thudng xuySn, cd edp bang, chffng chi hoac khdng cip chffng chi, ddp ting nhu cau da dang cua cdng ddng nbu: tin hpc, ngogi ngff, bfl tuc vdn hda, cap nhgt cac tri thii'c mdi vS khoa bpc va cdng nghe, day nghl ngdn han, dai han... nangcao ky ndng song cua mpi thanh vien frong cpng dflng.
(7) Td chffc ddnh gia vd edng nhgn cdc ky nang nghl nghiep ddi vdi ngudi hpc da tich luy frong
So 22. thdng 7/2016 U l S
Kinh te'- Van hda - Giao due Klfl!t;i qua trinh lam viec thuc tl va ghi nlian kit qua dat
dupc de ngudi hpc tilp tuc hpc d bac cao hon hoac cap chung chi, chung nhan ky nang nghe nghiep tuomg ffng.
(8) Hudmg nghiSp cho hpc sinh THCS va THPT d dia phuomg, gdp pban giai quyet phan ludng hpc sinh sau THCS vd sau THPT mdt each can ban cho dja phuong.
(9) La eau ndi giua gido dye phd thdng vdi giao due dai bpc va chuyen nghiep (GDDH&CN), td chuc dao tgo mdt sd hpc phan/lin chi cua cac chuomg trinh GDDH&CN ddi vdi hpc sinb pho thdng, eac hgc phan/tin chi nay dupc cdng nhan hpc sinh da ticb luy sdm, tmdc khi chinb thuc budc vao chuomg trinh GDDH&CN.
(10) Trudng CDCD cd ti'dcb nhiem hudmg ddn, ho trg, trien khai thyc hien cde chuang trinh dao lao, bdi dudng ddi vdi cac tmng tam hpc tap cdng ddng ddng trSn cung dja ban tinh/thanh phd.
(11) Trudng CDCD dugc phep linh hoat hodn dfli viec su dung chi lieu dao tao (giua chi tieu chinh quy va khflng chinh quy) da xac dinh ciia limg nam hpc theo quy dinh cua Bfl Giao due va Dao tgo dS dap ung nbu cau va dieu kien tliam gia hpc tap cua cpng ddng.
3. Ket luan
Vdi nhung thanh edng va thudn igi tff viec dp dyng md hinh CDCD eua Bdc My vao dilu kien Viet Nam ciia Trudng Dai hpc Trd Vinh, he thdng cdc Truong CDCD Viet Nam se co dugc mpt md hinb mau de nghien cu'u va dp dung. Tuy nhien, cac trudng can cd budng dp dyng md hinh that Iinh boat sao eho pbu hpp vdi tung ddc diSm cua mdi trudng tai mdi dia phuang ddng thdi phai phu hpp nhu cau cua ngudi dan de nham tdi uu hoa thudn Igi va ban che dupc nhffng rui ro mang lai. Ngodi ra, nhung de xuat neu tren cung nhdm gdp phan gia tang trach nhiem vd quyen ban cua cac Trudng CDCD vdi mong mudn mang lai nhieu ca hpi hpc tap cho nguoi dan vimg sau vung xa.
Tai lieu tham khao
Cynthia K. Epperson. 2010. "An annalysis of the community college concept in the Socialist republic of Viet Nam". Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation. University of Missouri, St. Louis.
Dinh Nam. 2014. Xdc dmh ro vi tri bde eao ddng trong he thing gido due, xem 18.7.2015
<http://vuducdam.cbinhphu.vn/Home/Xac-dinh-ro-vi'-tri-bac-cao-dang-trong-be-tbong-giao- duc/20148/21963 .vgp>.
Hiep hdi Cao dang Cdng ddng Viet Nam. 2010. Mdt sd ddc diem ndi bdt ciia md hinh Cao ddng Cdng ddng, xem 18.7.2015 <http://vacc.org.vnyindex.php?page=news&do=detail&category_id=194&news_
id=235>.
Mai, Van Tinh. 2015. 75". Mai Vdn Tinh chi ra nhihig lgi thi ciia md hinh Cao dang cdng ddng, xem 12.9.2015 <http://giaodue.net.vn/Giao-duc-24h/TS-Mai-Van-Tinh-chi-ra-nhung-loi-the-cua-mo-hinh- Cao-dang-cong-dong-postl61667.gd>.
Md hinh Cao ddng Cgng ddng cd thi dam nhiim chiec ndng chung, xem 18.6.2015, <http://\vww.
baomoi.com/mo-binh-cao-dang-cong-dong-co-the-dam-nhiem-chuc-nang-chung/c/157!7488.epi>.
Nguyin, Huy Vj. 2011. Md hinh truong Cao ddng Cong ddng Viet Nam. NXB Dan Tri.
Thdng tin xa Viet Nam. 2009. Canada giup VN phdt triin CDCD. xem 19.07.2015 <http://vacc.org.
vn/index.php?page=news&do=detaii&category_id=I77&newsJd=245>.
\/TC'i^ews.20\4.PhdThulie&ng: Caoddngedngddngphdtlicchunhudoanhnghiep. xem 19.7.2015,
<http://vtc.vn/pho-tbu-tuong-cao-dang-cong-dong-phai-tu-chu-nhu-doanh-ngbiep.538.501240.htm>.
So22. thdnp 7/2016 JltKJ
