TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E - S O 18 - TRU'ONG BAI HOC PHAM V A N B O N G
X A Y DlTNG BIEN PHAP BOI D L T O N G NANG LlTC GIAI QUYET VAN DE CHO HOC SINH TRONG DAY HOC P H A N "SONG ANH SANG"
VAT L i 12 TRUNG HOC P H 6 THONG
ThS. Le Thanh Scm*
Ndng luc gidi quyit vdn di (GQVD) eua hgc sinh trong qud trinh hgc tdp cde mdn khoa hpe tu nhien la rdt edn thiit vd cdn dugc bdi duang gong sudt qud trinh hgc tap cua hgc sinh. V&i mong muon tim cdch boi dudng ndng lyc GQVD cho hpe sinh trong dgy hpc Vgt li, di tdi da tiin hdnh nghiin cuu, ndng lyc GQVD cda hpc sinh trong dgy hpc Vgt li; xdy dyng dupe bp cdng ey ddnh gid ndng lue GQVD ciia hgc sinh trong hpe tap Vgt ll Tu do, dua ra dugc 2 nhom bien phdp de bdi duong ndng lyc GQVD eho hpe sinh thdng qua dgy hpc bp mdn Vdt U. Cdn eu vdo 2 nhom bien phdp ndy da thiit ki liin trinh dgy hpc cde bdi dgy hgc theo hu&ng boi du&ng ndng luc GQVD gong phdn "Song dnh sdng" Vdt li 12 THPT tir do cd the van dyng tryc tiip vdo qud ginh dgy hpc nhdm bdi duang dugc ndng lyc GQVD eho hpc sinh khi hpe tap.
l.Mddau
CJ Viet Nam, Nghi quydt sd 29-NQ/TW ngdy 04 thang 11 nam 2013 Hdi nghi ldn thii tam Ban Chdp bdnh Trung uang kbda XI vl ddi mdi can ban, toan dien giao due va ddo tgo, dap iing ydu cdu cdng nghiep hoa, hien dgi hda trong dilu kien kmh te thi tmdng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa va hdi nhdp qudc t l cd viit: "Chuyin mgnh qua trinh gido due tir ehu yiu trang bi kiin Ihue sang phdt triin todn dien ndng luc vdphdm ehdt nguai hge Hpe di ddi v&i hdnh; ly ludn gdn vai ihyc liin; gido dye nhd truang kit hpp v&i gido due gia dinh vd gido dye xa hpi... " [1].
Vat Ii chiia dyng nhilu tilm ndng dl bdi dudng vd phat triln nang Iuc GQVD, kbi day hpc cac khai nidm, cac dinh Ii, dinh ludt hay giai bdi tap vat If..., radi nhiera vu hpc tap do cd nhimg ddc tnmg ridng gdp phdn quan ti-png trong viec bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho hpc sinh. Ddc biet, ti-ong phdn Sdng dnh sang Vdt li 12 THPT cd nhieu hien tugng vat H lien quan din ddi sdng hdng ngdy ddi hdi hpc sinh phai biet each nhin nhdn va giai quyet cac vdn de md thyc t l dat ra.
Tir ca sd li ludn vd thyc tiln ndi tren da dat ra yeu cau va tgo dieu kien cho viec nghien cim bien phap bdi dudng nang luc GQVD cho hpc sinh (HS) tiong dgy hpc ndi chung vd ti-ong dgy hpc Vat li ndi rieng, cu tbi la bien phap bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho hpc sinh trong day hpc phdn "Sdng anh sdng" Vat li 12 THPT va diilt kl dugc bp cdng cu ddnh gid nang lyc GQVD cua hpc sinh khi hpc tap dd la van de (VD) cdt ldi trong vide td chiic day hpc trong Chuang trinh gido due mdi sau ndm 2018.
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TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA C Q N G N G H E - S O 18 - T R U O N G PAi HOC PHAM \/AHhijNG__
2. Nang luc giai quydt van de 2.1. Ndng lyc
Nang lyc la tich hgp giiia kien thiic - ky nang - thai dp lam nen khd nang thuc hien mdt cdng viec ciia chu tbd trong mpt boan canh nhdt dinh de gidi quyet cac tinb hudng thyc tidn cda cudc sdng. Nang lyc ciia mdi ngudi dugc hinh thdnh va phat trien trong hoat dpng va bdc Ip trong qud trmh boat ddng nen nang lyc cd cac ddu hieu dugc the bien d kien tbiic, ky nang, thai dp cd lien quan ddn hogt dpng.
2.2. Ndng lyc gidi quyit vdn di
Nang lyc GQVD cd the hilu la kha nang mdt cd nhdn sit dung hidu qua cac qua trinh nhdn thiic de hieu va giai quydt cac tinh budng cd van dd, ma d dd HS cbua the tim ngay ra giai pbap rapt each rd rang. Nd bao gdra ca thai dp san sang tham gia vao cac tinh hudng cd VD de trd thdnh mpt cdng dan cd tinh than xay dyng va ty biet phan anh (bidt suy nghT).
2.3. Cdu true ciia ndng lye gidi quyit vdn di
Cau tnic ciia nang lyc GQVD dugc md td bang bang dudi ddy:
Bdng 1. Cdu triic ndng lue GQVD eua hpe sinh Hpp phan
Tim hieu van de
Gidi quyet vdn de
Trinh bay ket qua va ddnh gia viec thyc hien gidi phap
Thanh to Phdt hien vdn de Phdt bieu van de Phan tich thdng tin vdn dl
De xuat chidn luoc GQVD
Thyc hidn ke hogch
Trinh bdy ket qua Ddnh gid viec tbuc hidn giai phdp
Chi so hanh vi Quan sat vd md td Iai tinh hudng trong thuc tien
Dat ra dugc cdc cdu hdi lien quan dInVD
Phat bieu vdn de Phdn tich thdng tin vdn dd De xudt phuang an GQVD Xdc dinh cdc nhem vu can thyc hien theo phuong dn da dl xudt Xac dinh thdi gian, ngudn lyc Phdn cdng cdng vice Du kien sdn phdm
Thyc hien kd hogch theo gidi phap da de xuat
Dieu chinh de phii hgp vdi dilu kien, hodn canh
Trinh bay ket qua
Danh gia vide thyc hien gidi phdp
TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CpNG NGHE - S6 18 - TRU'ONG BAI HOC PHAM V A N B O N G
3. Boi du&ng nang luc giai quyet van de cho hoc sinh trong day hpc Vat li 3.1. Dinh hu&ng chung cho viec xdy dimg cdc biin phdp bdi duang ndng lue GQVD di cho HS trong dgy hpc Vgt li
Dinh hu&ng T. He tbdng cac bien phdp dgy hpc phdi hudng vdo viec bdi dudng nang luc GQVD phdi dugc thiet ke sao cho dam bao thyc hien dugc muc tieu boi dudng nhiing kiln thiirc, ky nang va thai dp cdn dat dugc tbdng qua mdn hpc, ddng thdi nang lyc GQVD ciia hpc sinh cung ngay mdt phat ti-iln, ndng cao ddn ti-ong qua trinh thyc bien cdc bien phap.
Dinh hu&ng 2: He thdng cdc bien phap pbai tbi bien tinb kha thi, cd thi thyc hien dugc trong qud trinh day hpc d cac trudng THPT hidn nay.
Dinh hu&ng 3: He thdng cdc bien phap phdi hudng tdi vide tdng cudng hogt dpng cho ngudi hpc, phdt huy tdi da tinh tieh eye, chii ddng, ddc lgp cho ngudi hpc.
Dinh hu&ng 4: He thong cac bien phap phdi ddm bao tinh tbdng nhdt bidn chiing giua bdi dudng ndng lyc GQVD vd hieu qud eiia qua trinh hoc tap. Dieu dd cd nghTa la khi thuc hien cac bien phap nay hidu qud hgc tap ciia HS pbdi dugc nang cao va ndng lyc GQVD cua HS dugc phdt trien sau khi dugc bdi dudng.
3.2. Cde biin phdp bdi duang ndng luc GQVD cho HS Irong dgy hpc Vgt ll Nang lyc chinh la rapt td hgp cua nhieu kT nang thuc bidn nhirng hanh ddng thanh phdn vd cd lien quan chat che ddn dpng ca, birng tbii khi thyc bien cdc hanb ddng do.
Nhu vay, de bdi dudng dugc nang lyc GQVD cho HS thi dilu tat yeu la chiing ta phai bdi dudng vd ren luyen dupc cac thanh td ciia nang lyc GQVD cho HS cho den kbi HS the hien dugc miic do tinh vi, thdnh thao khi thyc hien cac thanh td do ddng thdi pbai tao dugc dpng ca, hiing thii cho HS trong sudt qud trinb hpc tap, ren luyen vd phdn ddu. Dua tren ca sd nhdn dinh nay cd the dua ra bai nhdm bien phdp dl bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho HS nhu sau:
•> Nhom biin phdp 1: Bien phdp bdi duang cdc thdnh td cua ndng luc gidi quyet vdn di cho hgc sinh
a Ren luyen tbdnh to tim hilu vdn dl cho hpc sinh tbdng qua viec dinb budng cho hpc sinh huy ddng tri thiic dl tilp can, nhdn bilt cdc tinh hudng cd van de tien tdi xdc dinh, gidi thich cac thdng tin lien quan ddn vdn dk vd ebia se su am hieu cua ban than ve vdn dl cho ngudi khac.
b. Ren luyen ky ndng GQVD tbdng qua vide dinh hudng hpc sinh phdn tich thdng tin van dl.
c. Ren luyen ky nang GQVD thdng qua dinh hudng HS de xuat phuang an, cbien luge GQVD va thyc hien kl hoach da dl ra.
d. Ren luyen thanh to thyc hien giai phap thdng qua dinh budng HS thuc hien k6 hogch theo giai phdp da dl xuat, dilu chinh kd hogch tbuc hien dl phii hop vdi hodn canh va dieu kien thyc tl.
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TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE - SO 18 -TRU'ONG BAI HQC PHAM VAN_t)uNG^_
2, Nang luc giai quylt van de 2.1. Ndng luc
Nang luc la tich hgp giira kiln thiic - ky nang - thai dp lam nen kha nang thuc hien rapt cdng viec cua chii thi trong mpt hoan cdnh nhdt dinh de gidi quyet cdc tinh hudng thyc tidn ciia cudc song. Ndng lyc cua moi ngudi dugc hinh thdnh va phdt tridn trong boat ddng va bdc Id trong qua trinh hogt ddng ndn nang luc cd cae ddu hieu dugc the hien d kiln tbiic, ky nang, thai dp cd lien quan den hogt ddng.
2.2. Ndng lue gidi quyit vdn di
Ndng lyc GQVD co thd hilu Id kha ndng mdt cd nhdn su dung bieu qua cdc qud tiinh nhdn thiic dl bilu va gidi quylt cdc tinh huong cd van dk, raa d do HS chua the tim ngay ra giai phdp mdt each rd rang. Nd bao gdra ca thai dp sdn sang tham gia vao cdc tinh hudng cd VD dl ti-d thanh mdt cdng dan cd tmh thdn xay dyng va ty biet phan dnh (biet suy nghi).
2.3. Cdu true eiia ndng luc gidi quyet vdn di
Can tnic ciia nang lyc GQVD dugc md ta bdng bdng dudi day:
Bdng 1. Cdu true ndng lyc GQVD cua hgc sinh Hp^ phan
Tim hieu van de
Gidi quylt vdn dd
Tnnh bdy kdt qud va ddnh gia vide thyc bidn giai phap
Thanh to
Phdt hien vdn de Phdt bieu van de Phan tich thdng tin vdn de
De xudt cbien luge GQVD
Thyc hien kd hogch
Trinh bay ket qud Ddnh gia vide thyc hien giai phdp
Chi so hanb vi Quan sat va rad ta lai ttnh hudng trong thyc tidn
Dgt ra dugc cdc cau hdi lien quan dInVD
Phdt bidu van de Phdn tich thdng tin vdn dl De xudt phuang an GQVD Xac dinh cdc nhem vy can thuc hien theo phuong an da de xuat Xac dinh thdi gian, ngudn lyc Phdn cdng cdng vide Dy kien san pbam
Tbuc hidn ke hoach theo giai phdp da de xudt
Dilu chinh dd phu hgp vdi didu kien, hoan canh
Trinh bay ket qua
Danh gia viec thyc bien gidi phap
TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G NGHE - SO 18 - T R U Q N G BAI HOC PHAM VAN B O N G
3. Boi duong nang luc giai quyet van de cho hgc sinh trong day hpc Vat li 3.1. Dinh hu&ng chung cho viie xdy dyng cdc biin phdp bdi du&ng ndng lyc GQVD di cho HS trong dgy hpe Vdl li
Dinh hu&ng T. He thdng cac bien phap day hpc phai hudng vao vide bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD pbai dugc thilt kl sao cho dam bao thyc hien dugc rauc tieu bdi dudng nhttng kien tbtic, ky nang va thai dp cdn dgt dugc thdng qua mon hpc, ddng thdi nang luc GQVD ciia hpc sinh cGng ngay mpt phat ti-iln, nang cao dan ti-ong qud trinh thyc hien cac bidn phap.
Dinh hu&ng 2: Hd thong cdc bien phdp phai tbi hien tinh kha thi, cd thi thyc hien dugc trong qua trinh dgy hpc d cac trudng THPT hien nay.
Dfnh hu&ng 3: Hd thong cac bien pbap pbdi hudng tdi viec tang cudng hoat ddng cho ngudi hpc, phdt huy tdi da tinh ticb eye, chii ddng ddc lap cho ngudi hpc.
Dinh hu&ng 4: He thdng cac bidn phap phdi dam bao tinh thdng nhdt bien chiing giiia bdi dudng nang luc GQVD vd hieu qua cua qud tiinh hpc tap. Dilu dd cd nghia la khi thyc hidn cac bien phdp ndy hidu qua hgc tap cua HS phai dugc nang cao va nang lyc GQVD cua HS dugc phat trien sau khi dugc bdi dudng.
3.2. Cde biin phdp bdi duang ndng lue GQVD eho HS trong day hpc Vdt li Nang lyc cbinh la mdt td hgp ctia nbieu kT nang thuc hipn nhiing hanh dpng thdnh phdn va cd lien quan chat che den dpng ca, hting thu khi thyc hien cdc hdnh ddng do.
Nhu vdy, de bdi dudng dugc ndng luc GQVD cho HS thi dilu tdt ylu Id chiing ta phdi bdi dudng vd ren luyen dugc cac thanb td cua nang lyc GQVD cho HS cho den kbi HS the hien dugc mirc dp tinh vi, thdnh thgo khi thuc hien cdc thdnh td dd ddng thdi phai tao dugc d^ng ca, hting thii cho HS trong sudt qua trinb hpc tap, ren luydn va phan ddu. Dya tren ca sd nhdn djnh nay cd thd dua ra hai nbdm bien phdp dl bdi dudng ndng lyc GQVD choHS nhusau:
%* Nhom bien phdp I: Biin phdp bdi duang eac thdnh td cua ndng luc gidi quyet vdn di eho hpc sinh
a Ren luyen thanb to tun hilu vdn dl cho hoc sinh thdng qua viec dinh budng cho hpc sinh huy ddng tri thiic dl tilp can, nhgn bidt cdc tinh hudng ed vdn de tiln tdi xac dinh, giai thich cac thdng tin lien quan ddn vdn dl vd chia se sy am hilu cua ban thdn ve van dl cho ngudi khac.
b. Ren luypn ky nang GQVD thdng qua viec dinh hudng hpc sinb phdn tich thdng tin vdn dl.
c. Ren luyen ky nang GQVD thdng qua dinh hudng HS dl xudt phuang an, chien lupc GQVD vd thyc hien k l hoach dd dl ra.
d. Ren Iuy?n thanh td thuc hipn giai phap thdng qua dinh hudng HS thyc hien ke hogch theo giai phdp dd dl xuat, didu chinh ke hoach thuc hien dl phCi hgp vdi hoan canh vd dieu kidn thyc tl.
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TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CPNG NGHE - SO 18 -TRU'ONG BAI HOC PHAM VAN BUNG__
e. Ren luyen thanh td trinh bay ket qua va ddnh gia viec thyc hien gidi phap thong qua djnh hudng cho hpc sinh thyc hien danh gia theo quy trinh cy the.
^ Nhom bien phdp 2: Tgo dpng ca, himg thu cua HS khi tham gia hogt dpng GQVD
a. Tdng cudng su dyng cdc tinh hudng hpc tap cd vdn dl b. Tang cudng va su dyng hgp ly cdc phuong tien hd trg day hpc e. Pbdi hgp cdc phuong phap va ky thugt day hgc tich eye d. Kiem tra ddnh gid kit qua hpc tap ciia hpc sinh tbeo nang lyc GQVD 3.3. Ddnh gid ndng luc gidi quyit vdn di
3.3.1. Qucm he giUa hogt ddng GQVD, ndng lue GQVD vd ddnh gid ndng luc GQVD Hoat ddng GQVD lam bdc Ip nang luc GQVD ngugc Igi nang lyc GQVD thi hidn qua ket qud hogt dgng GQVD. Hpc sinh cd nang lyc GQVD thi ty danh gia nang lyc GQVD dirge chinh xdc ngugc lai ddnh gid nang lyc GQVD dd xac nhan, phat tridn nang luc GQVD eiia hpc sinh. Ddnh gid ndng lyc GQVD dl dilu chinh boat ddng GQVD ngugc Igi hogt ddng GQVD la dieu kien quan trpng de ddnh gid nang lye GQVD. Quan he giiia hogt dpng GQVD, nang lyc GQVD, danh gia nang lyc GQVD trong qua trinh GQVD; dugc md td bdi hinh sau (hinh 1.)
mnh L Quan hi hogt ddng GQVD - Nang lyc GQVD - Ddnh gid ndng lye GQVD [2]
3.3.2. Bp tiiu ehi ddnh gid ndng lyc gidi quyit vdn di a. Ddnh gid bdng quan sdt vd bdng phiiu ddnh gid
Xay dyng cac tieu chi danh gia dya vao tich eye nhdn thirc va tinh thuan thuc cac cbi sd hdnh vi ctia nang lyc GQVD cua HS ti-ong qud ti-inh GQVD. Sau dd can cir vao nhtrng chi sd hanh vi ndy d l tgo diem thudng cho cd nban/nhdm HS ti-yc tilp tham gia vdo qua trinh GQVD. Cd the cho diem thudng tdi da la 1,0 vdi cac miic:
Miirc dp I - 0,25; M i r c dp 2 - 0,50; M i i c dp 3 - 0,75; MCrc dp 4 - 1 , 0 (didm)
TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE - S6 18 - TRU'ONG B«l HOC PHAM VAN DONG
Bang 2. Bg tieu ehi ddnh gid ndng luc GQVB cua HS Chi s6 hanh vi
(HV) Dgt ra dugc cdc cdu hdi lien quan dInVD
- H V l
Phdt bilu VD -HV2
Phan tich tbdng tinVD
-HV3
De xudt phuong dn GQVD
-HV4
Xac dinh cac nhiem vy can thyc bien tbeo phuang dn da dl xudt
- H V 5
Xac dinh thdi gian, ngudn lyc
-HV6
Phan cdng eong viec
Muc do I-Ml
Cd dgt ra cdc cdu hdi ve VD.
Cd phat bieu VD.
Cd xdc dinh cac thdng tin lien quan den VD.
Cd de xuat phuang dn GQVD.
Cd xdc djnb nhiem vu can tbuc hien.
Cd lap thdi gian bieu cho cdng viec cdn Iam va eac thdnh phdn tham gia cdng vide chua day dii.
Cd phan cdng cdng vi?c
Mirc dd n-M2 Dgt dugc rapt cdu hdi dting vl VD.
Phdt bilu VD bdng nhidu cdu hdi khac nhau.
Xdc dinh diing mdt sd tbdng tm lien quan den VD.
De xuat dugc phuang dn GQVD dudi sy hudng dan ctia GV.
Xac dinh dugc mdt sd nhidm vu cdn thyc hien.
Lap thdi gian bieu cho cdng viec can lam nhung chua cy the cho timg nh?m vy.
Phan cdng nhidm vu ro
Muc dd ni-M3 Dat dugc nhieu cau hdi trong dd cd mdt sd cau hdi dung ve VD.
Phdt bilu VD bdng cdu hdi trong do cd can hdi tning vdi VD ciia bdi hpc.
Xac dinh dugc ban rapt niia cdc thdng tin can thiet de GQVD.
Tu de xuat dugc phuong an GQVD va cd gidi thlch phuang an de xudt nhung chua ddy dii
Xac dinh dugc du cac nhiera vy can thyc hidn.
lAp dugc thdi gian bilu chi tilt, cy the cho timg nhiem vy nhd.
Mirc dp IV-M4 Tat cd cac cau hdi dat ra deu diing vdi VD.
Phdt bieu VD bdng nbilu cau bdi ma tdt cd cdc cau hdi deu tning vdi VD ciia bai hpc.
Xdc dinh dugc dii cdc thdng tin can thilt dl GQVD.
Ty de xuat dugc diing phuang an va giai thich rd dugc phuang dn da de xuat hodc de xuat dugc phuang an mdi sdng tgo
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TAP CHl KHOA HQC VA C O N G N G H E - S6 18 - TRLfONG SAI HOC PHAM V A N B 0 N G _
Chi so hanh vi
(HV) Muc do I-Ml Mirc dd II-M2 Muc do ni-M3 Miic dp IV-M4 nhung chua rd
rang va chua phil hgp.
rang, hgp ly.
Dy kien sdn pham -HV8
Cd neu sdn phdm dy kien boan thanh.
Ndu dupc day dii, ro rang vl sdn pbam dy kien hoan thanh.
Thyc hidn ke hogch theo gidi p h ^ da de xudt
-HV9
Tliyc hidn giai phap dudi sy giiip dd cua GV.
Ty thyc bien giai phdp tbeo diing ke hoach da de ra.
Thuc bien gidi phap theo kd hoach va khac phyc dugc khd khdn trong qud trinh thyc bidn giai phqj.
Thyc hien gidi phap va thu dugc kdt qua
DiSu chinh de pbii hgp vdi dieu kien, hoan canh
-HVIO
Xdc dinh hoan canh cy the thyc hien giai phap.
Phdn tich dieu kien boan canh thyc td.
Dieu chinh dugc ke hoach de phil hpp vdi hoan cdnh va dieu kien tbuc tl.
Trinh bay ket qua - H V l l
Cd trinh bay kdt qua thyc hien gidi phap.
Trinh bay dugc ket qud thyc hidn gidi phdp va dugc mpi ngudi Idng nghe.
Trinh bdy dugc ket qua thyc hien gidi phap ma ket qua ndy dugc da sd cac ban ddng tinh va lang nghe
Trinh bay dugc kdt qua thyc bien giai phdp md ket qua ndy dugc da so cac ban ddng tmh, lang nghe va gidi thich dugc tbdc mac ciia ngudi nghe Ddnh gia vide
thyc hi$n giai phdp
-HV12
So sdnh kdt qua thuc bidn giai phdp vdi muc tieu ban dau.
Nhdn xet dugc sy hgp ly bay khdng hpp Iy ciia ket qud.
Gidi thich dugc kit qua thu dugc.
Dilm thudng d mdi tilt (buoi hpc) bdng tdng dilm thudng d cac cbi sd hanb vi chia cho tdng sd chi sd hanh vi dugc thudng.
Dilm thudng cuoi cung bdng tdng dilm thudng d cdc tilt (buoi hgc) chia cho sd tilt (budi hpc).
TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G NGHE - SO 16 - T R U O N G OAl HOC PHAM V A N D O N G
b. Ddnh gid bdng kit qud bai kiim tra dinh Jfcy 3.4. Kit qud thyc nghiem suphgm
Phdn "Sdng anh sdng" Vdt li ldp 12 THPT la phdn cd kiln tbtic rdt nhilu ting dyng trong khoa hpc cdng nghe, ti-ong y hpc vd trong thyc tiln cudc sdng. Vi vdy doi hdi GV khi giang day phdn nay phdi nghien ciiu sdu vl phuang phap dl giiip cho HS cd dugc nang lyc phdn tich, gidi thich hien tugng vdt Ii, nilm say me nghien eihi khoa hpc va cpng nghe ting dung kiln thiic da chidm ITnb dugc vdo thyc tiln cudc sdng. Day la dieu kien thudn Igi de td chiic dgy hpc tbeo dinh hudng bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho HS.
Trdn ca sd quy trinb dgy hoc theo budng bdi duong nang lyc GQVD cho HS, cdc tiln trinh dgy hgc da dugc xdy dyng gdm 3 bdi "Tan sdc anh sang", "Giao thoa anh sang" vd
"Cac loai quang phd" va tdc gia da tien hanh thuc bidn dgy thyc nghiem d trudng THPT Thudn An - huydn Pbii Vang - tinh Thira Tbien Hul.
3.4.1. Ddnh gid dinh tinh
Tren ca sd theo doi, quan sat cac hogt ddng ciia HS trong mdi tiet hgc GV tiln hanh tdng ket ddnh gid cho diem thudng dya vao cdc tidu chi da xdy dyng cho tdt ca cdc HS tham gia thyc nghiera (TNg) va kdt qua tdng ket, danh gia cho diem nhu sau: Sd hpc sinh tham gia 79 hpc sinb thudc nhdm TNg.
Bdng 3: Kit qud ddnh gid cho diim thuang
Bai hgc
24 25 26
Sienithir(hig(Xi) 045
HS 20 16 14
•IL%
25,3 20,2 17,7
0,50 HS
17 16 11
TL%
21,5 20,3 13,9
0,75 HS
15 10 13
TL%
19,0 12,7 16,5
1,0 HS 27 35 41
TL%
34,2 44,3 51,9
Qua bdng tdng kit tren cho thdy sd HS dgt mirc dilm thudng la 1 tang len dang ke qua cac tilt hpc. Doi chilu giC^a cdc tieu chi cho dilra thudng va cac ratic dp nang lyc GQVD cho thay nhihig tilt hpc sau sd HS dgt miic dp phat trien ve nang Iuc tang len nhanh chdng. Nhu vdy, neu tilp tuc td chirc cac boat dpng day hpc theo hudng bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho hpc sinh theo quy trinh da dl xudt tbi nang luc GQVD ciia HS se dugc bdi dudng va phat trien dan dan va se dugc hoan thien qua qua trinh ren luyen cua cac era. Trong do viec dgt ra cac chi so hanh vi de cho diem thudng cho HS trong qua trinh hpc tap se la dpng lyc thiic day cho HS trong qud trinh rdn luydn vd phdn ddu.
TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E - S O 18 - T R U O N G BAI HOC PHAM VAN BUNG
3.4.2. Ddnh gid dinh lugng
Bdng 4. Bdng thdng ke diem sd (Xi) cita bdi kiim tra
Nhom
DC TOg
long
sins
71 79
Diem so (XJ 1
1 0
2 3 1
3 7 S
4 11
!
5 15 16
i 20 10
7 12 15
i 6 17
9 2 6
10 0 1
Biiu do 1. Biiu ddphdn bo diim cua hai nhdm DC vd TNg Bdng 5. Bdng phdn phdi tdn sudt luy tieh eua hai nhom
Nbom
BC THE
Tong soHS 77 79
% s^HSd^tmuc mSm (IQtivxuSng 1
13 0
2 52
13 J 143
7,6 4 21,6
17,7 5 41,1
3!,0 6 74,0
50,7 J 89,6
69,6 8 97,4
91,1 9 100
91,7 10 100
100
Bieu dd 2. B6 thi phdn phdi tdn sudt lOy lich Bang 6. Bdng long hap cdc tham so dac trung ToDg so
HS X S^
X^Xtm
TNg
1,71 31,55
6,25 1,81 29,04 0,02
5,42±0,02 6,25 ±0,02"
TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA C O N G NGHE - SO 18 - TRU'ONG BAI HOC PHAM VAN B O N G
Tir kdt qua cua thyc nghiem su phgm neu ti-en eho phep ta kiem chiing tinh klia thi ciia dl tdi ma gid thuylt ban dau da ndu ra. Viec td chiic boat ddng dgy hgc theo hudng bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho HS da phat huy tinh chu ddng, tich cue, ty lyc ciia HS, lam tang niem dam me yeu thich bp mdn Vgt li ddng tbdi bdi dudng dugc nang lyc GQVD cho HS, nhd vay md kit qud hpc tap ciia bp mdn Vat li cua HS dugc ndng cao.
4. Ket lu^n
Bai bao da gdp phdn ldm sang td them ca sd li ludn ciia viec bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho HS trong day hpc Vat li d trudng phd thdng. Xdy dyng dugc Ii thuylt co ban vd ndng Iuc va ndng lyc GQVD trong dgy hpc Vat li; neu len dugc mdi quan be giira day hpc va bdi du&ng nang lyc GQVD cho HS; Idm rd dugc cac ylu td anh hudng din dgy hpc theo hudng bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD dl tim each khde phuc.
Tren ca sd nghidn cim vd cdu tnic cua nang lyc GQVD, tir dd dua ra dugc hai nhdm bien phdp dl bdi dudng ndng luc GQVD cho HS trong day hpc Vat li va tren ca sd cdc bien p h ^ dd dua ra duge quy trinh day hpc theo hudng bdi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho HS trong day hpc Vdt Ii.
Ket qua ciia thyc nghiem su phara da khang djnb tinh diing dan ciia gid thuyet khoa hpc. Viec day hpc tbeo hudng boi dudng nang lyc GQVD cho HS khdng nhirng giiip HS phdt trien dupc nang lyc GQVD ma cdn phdt huy tinh tich cue, ty lyc ciia HS, lam tang nidm dam me, yeu thich mdn Vdt li ciia HS nhd vay raa chdt lugng day hpc mdn Vdt H dugc nang cao.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Ban chdp hanh Trung uang (2013), Vi ddi m&i cdn bdn, todn dien gido due vd ddo tgo, ddp img yeu cdu eong nghiip hda, hiin dgi hoa Irong diiu kiin kinh ti Ihi tru&ng dinh fnrang xd hpi chit nghia vd hdi nhgp quoc ti, Nghi quyet 29-NQ/TW, Ha Ndi.
Phan Anh Tdi (2014), Ddnh gid nang lye gidi quyit vdn di cua hgc sinh gong dgy hgc l&p 11 THPT, Ludn an tiln sT.
*Trudng THPT Thuan An, Tinh Thira Thien Hue
» JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY • 253
