Tap chi Khoa hgc Tni&ng Doi hoc Can Tha PhdnA: Khoa hgc Tif nhien. Cdng ngh^vd Moiinrang: 31 (2014): 1-7
Tap chl Khoa hoc Tru'dng Dai hoc Can Th(5 website: sj.ctu.edu.vn
aOABpC
HE THONG QUAN LY TU* DONG GHI NHAN TINH TRANG SU" DUNG THIET BI DDEN QUA MANG CUC BO
Luang Vinh Quoc Danh', Nguyin Van Khanh", Vo Duy Tin' va Vo Minh Trr ' Bg mdn Dien tir Viin thong, Khoa Cong nghe, Tnrang Dai hoc Cdn Tlvj -Bo mon Tv dgng hoa, Khoa Congnghe, Trirdng Dgi hoc Cdn Tha
Thong tin chung:
Ngdy nhgn: 08/11/2013 Ngdy chdp nhdn: 28/04/2014 Tale:
An automatic management system for monitoring the status of electric equipment through local area nenvorks Tukhoa:
Arduino, LAN. gidm sdi thiet hi, cdm biin dong dign Keywords:
Arduino, LAN. monitoring equipment, current sensors
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the design of an automatic management system for monitoring the status of electric equipment. The system is capable of recording the running time of electric equipment, evaluating the efficiency of equipment use, and calculating energy consumption for enhancing the efficiency and reducing the cost of electricity consumption. The designed system is based on the Arduino Mega 2560 kit and current sensors to measure the current consumed by the electric equipment. The status information of equipment will be sent periodically to a server over a local area nenvork (LAN). In this server, one can easily perform management tasks such as collecting, processing, and analyzing data on the fi-equency of equipment use. It can be expected that the proposed system will be usefiilfor evaluating the efficiency of equipment use at companies.
TOM TAT
Trong bdi bdo ndy, nhom tdc gid trinh bdy viec thiet ke mgt h4 thong qudn ly tu dgng ghi nhgn tinh trgng su dung trang thiet bi diin nhdm myc dich gidm sdt thdi gian su dung, ddnh gid hieu qud su dung thiet bi, vd tinh todn diin nang lieu thu huang den viic ndng cao hieu qua sir dung trang thiit bi vd gidm chi phi difn nang. He thong dugc thiet ki d\ra tren nin ldng board Arduino Mega 2560 vd cdm bien dong dien de do gid tri ddng diin tieu thu cua thiit b}. Thdng tin ve trgng thdi ciia thiet bf dugc dinh ky gui ve mgt mdy tinh ldm chuc ndng server qudn ly thong qua mgng cue bg LAN. Tgi ddy, nguai qudn ly cd the thu thdp, xu ly vdphdn tich cdc so lieu lien quan din tinh trgng su dung trang thiet bi mgt cdch thudn tien. He thong de xudt co the hiru ich Irong viec qudn ly hieu nang sir dung mdy mdc, thiet bi Igi cdc ca quan vd doanh nghiep.
1 GIOI THIEU
Vile quin Iy vd nang cao hieu qua sir dung mdy mdc, trang tfaiit bi Id mdt cong viec dugc cic co quan, doanh n ^ l p quan tim tfayc faien nhira giim cfai pfai sdn xuit vd tdi da hda Igi nfauan. Viec quin ly va sii dung miy mdc thiit bi cd the dugc xem li cd hieu qud khi cdc may mdc, thiet bi dugc sii dyng trill di \"i so l u ^ g , vl cdng sudt vd thdi ^an hogt
ddng. Mdc dil vdy, cdng vile quin ly hieu qua sii dung miy mdc, tfaiit hi ndy tfaudng dugc tfauc hien mgt cich thii cdng v i kfadng liln tyc nen da ldm faan chl raiic dp tin ciy ciia kit qui danh ^d.
Ngodi ra, phuong phip diyc hiln thii cdng cdn cd mgt han chl la tdn thai gian va nhin cdng. Mdt gidi phdp cho van de nay la iing dung ky thuat dien tii truyen thdng de thyc hien viec gidm sat, qudn Iy tinfa trgng sii dung frang thilt bj mpt cdch ty dgng.
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho PhdnA- Khoa hoc Tunhien. Cdng nghi vd Mai trucmg: 31 (2014): 1-7 Trong thuc te, cdc gidi phdp gidra sat, ^ i nhan
dipn ndng tiiu thy ciia thilt bi tir xa da dugc cdc cdng ty thudc ITnh vyc Ky thudt diln vi Nang lugng gidi thieu fren thi frudng [Schneider]. Mac dil dugc thiet ke vdi nhieu tt'nh ndng mgnh, luih hoat, cic giii phip niy thudng ddi faoi cfai phi ddu tu ldn vd cic thilt bi phyc vy vi|c giam sdt can phdi dugc ldp ddt mpt cdcfa ddng bd. Bin canfa dd, mpt sd gidi phdp gidm sdt vd ghi nfagn di|n ning tiiu thy ciia tfaiit bi tir xa sii dyng cic cdng nghe truyin thdng tiln tiln nhu truyen tin qua dudng diy truyen tai diln vd mgng diln thogi di dpng cung dd dugc thyc hiln. Giii phip truyin thdng tin tir thiet bj giim sit vl trung tara thdng qua dudng diy tii diln (Power Line Communication) cd uu diim la c6 the tgn dyng dugc raang di|n sdn cd lira phuang tiln truyin ddn (Islam, 2012), (Rashdi, 2012). Tuy nhien, ky thugt niy ddi hdi diu tu cic modera truyin din dat lien vd ldc dp truyen du lieu cung hgn chl. Giii phip sur dyng tin nhin SMS (Short Message Service) dl gui thdng tin trang thai cua thiet bj dien thdng qua mgng di|n thogi di dpng cho phep vipc gidm sdt thiet hi cd the dupe thyc hi|n linh hogt frln pfagm vi rpng Idn. Tuy nhiin, chi phi ddu tu cho he thong la khd cao do viec frang bj cic modem giii/nlidn tin nhdn SMS tai cdc
diiit hi giim sat vi chi phi ddnfa cfao viec gui cic tin nfadn frong qud frinh hoat ddng ciia fae thdng.
Trong bii bao niy, nhdm tdc gid frinh bay viec diiit ki mdt he thong qudn Iy tti dgng ghi nhdn tinfa frgng su dyng trang thilt bi diln nham myc dich gidm sat tfadi gian sir dung thiit hi, dinh gii hi?u qua sur dyng thiit bj hudng din viec ning cao hi^u qua sii dyng. Gidl phip truyen thdng tin giiia thiet hi giim sat vd trung tdm thdng qua mgng cyc b0 (LAN) dugc chgn nfadm t ^ dung fae thing mgng sdn CO- Nghiin ciiu dugc thyc hien xudt pfait tir nhu cau thuc te ciia vile quan Iy frang lliiet bi tgi cdc Khoa thuOc Trudng Dgi hpc Cdn Tho. H | thing dk xuit cflng cd thi dugc iing dyng frong vile qudn ly hieu ndng sii dyng mdy mdc, thiit bi d cdc ca quan vi doanh nghiep.
2 CAU TAG VA NGUYEN TAC H O ^ T £ ) O N G 2.1 Tong quan bf thong
Sa dd khdi tdng quit ciia he thdng, dugc md t i nfau Hinfa I, gdm cd mpt module giam sit dugc kit ndi tryc tiep vdi tfaiit bj cin giim sdt nhdm ghi nfadn myc dich va thdi gian thyc sir dyng thiet bj.
Module giim sat kit nii vdi mpt miy chii (server) d xa thdng qua ragng truyen thong hiru tuyln hodc vd tuyen.
Module giam sat
cmiirol ciwiieclion
Hinh 1: Tdng quan he tfaong giam sit thdi gian sir dung thiet bi c i u tgo ciia mdt module giim sit ndi chung
bao gdm cdc bp phdn tfayc lii|n cdc cfaiic ning co bin sau: do cudng dp ddng dien tieu thy ciia thilt bj, do hp sd cos ((p), vi dilu khiin tdt/md thiit hi.
De diyc hiln fruyen/nhin dH lieu tir miy cfau d xa, module giam sdt dupe tich hpp cdc bg phgn giao tiep truyin thdng vdi mgng cyc b§ (LAN) vd mang thdng tin di dpng. Trung tim cCia bp gidra sdt la
mdt bd vi xii ly cd chiic nang dieu khien hogt dpng cua cdc bp phdn ndi frln.
Trong nghiin ciiu nay, dl gidm chi phi ddu tu ciia he thing, nhdra tic gid dd chpn board mach Arduino Mega 2560 kit hpp vdi board Arduuio Ethernet Shield di xiy dyng phin I6i ciia module giam sat thilt bj [Arduino], Ngodi ra, dya vdo yeu
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn A: Khoa hgc Tunhien. Cong ngb4 vd Moi Iru&ng: 31 (2014): 1-7 cdu thyc t i ciia nhu cdu qudn Iy frang thiet hi, tinh
ning ciia module giim sdt ciing dugc gidi han vdi cfaiic ndng do cudng do ddng dien tllu tfau cua tfaiit bi diln. Giai phap truyen thdng tin qua mgng LAN dugc sii dyng cho he thdng dl tin dung co sd ha ting sdn cd tgi don vi.
Viec chgn board mach Arduino, rapt nin tdng diln tur mi ngudn md, dl xay dyng module giim sdt cho phip ngudi thiit ki tan dung dugc siic mgnh cOa phdn ciing v i thu vien phan mem phdt frien ling dung pfaong phii ciia board mach Arduino, tir do gidra dugc chi phi ddu tu cho he thdng.
Cdc thdng tin vl tin suit sur dung thiet bi se dugc luu trii tai module dudi dgng cac tap tin du li|u, ddng tfadi cdc tdp tin nay dugc dinfa 1^ truyen vi mdy chii qua mang LAN. Thdng qua ragt phan mim dugc thiet ki chuyin bi|t cai dgt frln may chii, ngudi qudn tri he thdng cd tfal thyc failn cic cdng vile phdn tich dii lilu vd vl bilu do thdi gian su: dyng ciia cdc thilt bi cdn gidm sdt.
2.2 Thiet ke phan cihig 2.2.1 Gidi thieu board Arduino
PTinh 2 rad td board mach Arduino Mega 2560 dugc sir dung lam chirc ndng gidm sit thiet bi di|n frong di tii. Arduino Mega 2560 sii dung vi diiu kfaiin ATMega2560 vdi cic tinh ndng: 54 cong vdo/ra sd (frong dd 15 cong cd tfal sii dung nhu ngd ra PWM), 16 ngS vdo tuong ty, 4 bp giao tiep ndi tiip UART, 01 kit nil USB, 01 cdng ngp chudn ICSP va 01 mit nhdn reset vi diiu khiin.
Bdng 1 frinh bay cic thdng sd ky thuit cfainh ciia board mgch.
Hinh 2: Board mach Arduino Mega 2560
Hinh 3: Sff do khoi kit nii ngogi vi ciia hi thing Bang 1: Thong s i ky thuit cua board Arduino
ATMega 2560 Thong so
Dien ap hoat dgng Di^n ap ngo vao D6ngDCtail/0 Bp nho flash SRAM EEPROM Toe dp xung nhip
Gia tri Bffn vi 5 V 7-12 V 40 mA 256 KB 8 KB 4 KB 16 MHz
2.2.2 Thiet ke cdc mgch ngogi vi Hinh 3 md Id so do cdc khdi ngogi vi ciia he thdng. Board mach Arduino Ethernet Sfaield dugc su dyng dl giiip he thong giao tiip vdi mdy chu thdng qua kit ndi LAN. Board niy sii dyng chip chuyin dyng W5I00 d^ tgo giao thiic giao tilp LAN. Ngoii ra, board mach niy cung ticfa hgp mach giao tiip tfal nhd SD dl luu trii d& Heu h^
thdng. Khdi Current sensor dugc diing di do dong dien tieu thy ciia thilt bj. HI thdng giao tiep vdi ngudi dimg thdng qua khdi Keypjid vd mdn hiln
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tnc&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Pbdn ^ tili LCD. Viec dim tiidi gian tiiyc do kfadi RTC ddm trach.
Khii Current sensor sir dyng cdm biln dong chuyin dyng ACS7I2 ciia hdng Allegro Micro Systems, Cim biin niy cd khi ndng chiu ddng idl da 30A, ngd ra di|n dp phii hgp cfao vile kel nil vdi vi dilu kfaiin, dp nfaay ciia cim biln la 66mV/A [ACS7I2]. Ngo ra ciia kfadi Cun-ent sensor dugc dua vio ngd tuang ttr ciia board Arduino Mega 2560. Vi diiu khiin ATMega2560 dugc tich hgp bg chuyin ddi ADC 10-bit, nen diln dp til thiiu cd thi do dugc Id 4.9 mV tuong duang vdi vi|c hp thing cd thi do dugc ddng dien tdi thiiu li 74.24 niA. Sy chuyin ddi diln dp thanh ddng di|n dugc dya trin cdc cdng tinic (I )-<4):
I - Khoa hgc Tu nhien. Cong ngh^ vd Mdi tnrdng: 31 (2014): 1-7 DSI302 di xdc dinh tiidi gian hiln tai cua he tiling. Arduino Mega 2560 giao tiip vcri vi mgch DS 1302 qua giao thirc !^C. Sa dd ghep ndi ngoai vi vdi Arduino Mega 2560 dugc frinh bdy d Bang 2.
1024 count = Vin
Vec
1024 Vec -. ( + 0.066/)
Vec 2 Suy ra.
Vec I = (count -
67.584
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4) Bang 2: S u d i ghIp noi ngoai vi
Ngoai vi ChSn Current sensor Vout LCD
Keypad Relay RTC SDCard
DB3...DB0 EN RS R3... RO C3...C0 RELAY SCL SDA SS
Arduino Mega 2560 A3 16,3,2,1 5 6 17,9,8,7 14, 13, 12,11
15 21 20 4 SCK
MISO MOSl SS
52 50 51 10 Ngiroi sir dyng c6 the nhap cac thong tin ve mgc dich sii dung thiet bi (vi dy: mH hpc phan, mS ngudri su dyng) thong qua Keypad va quan sat tr€n man hinh LCD de bi^t trang thai cua thilt bi. Kh6i RTC sij dyng vi m?ch dera thai gian chuyen dyng
Lay mlu dir lieu
i
Do va hiin thi dong dien tai
4
Lull tinh trang cua thiit hi vao SD card
-"•'''^Thdi diem c a p ^ " ^
""--....nhat dii lieu?,,.----^
T Dung Cap nh|it du lieu len
ftp server
^ S a i
(1)
(2)
Hinh 4: Liru do giai tfauit eiia h i tfaing 2.3 Thiit ki pfadn mim
2.3.1 Gidi thugt giao tiip Arduino - Ngogi vi Ngdn ngii C dugc su dung de viet chucmg frinh giao tilp vdi phdn ciing fae tfadng vdi sy fao frg cua cac thu vien sdn cd frong mdi trudng phdt triln Arduino (Jack, 2012), (Brian, 2011). Luu dd giii thudt cua chuong frinh dugc md td d Hinh 4.
Trudc tiln, fa? thdng sl khdi tgo cac ngogi vi nhu LCD, phim, RTC, SD card va LAN bdng cich cau hinfa gii trj ban ddu cfao cdc ngogi vi ndy. Tilp theo, module giira sat se ldy mdu vdi I chu kJ nha dinfa gii frj ddng diln cua tdi bang b0 ADC 10 bits frln board Arduino Mega 2560. Sau dd, he thing sl phan tt'cfa cdc thdng sd: md ngudi dung, mi fapc phan, tinh trang thiit hi, thdi gian sii dyng,... de hiin thi len min hinh LCD vi luu cdc gii tri nay vdo SD card dudi dang file ".csv". Cuoi cung, khi den mpt tfadi diem dugc lap frinfa trudc, fae thor^ se
Tgp chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho Phdn A: Khoa hgc Ti/nhien, Cdng nghf vd Mdi trudng: 31 (2014)- 1-7 cap nhgt cdc dii' lieu frong SD card len may cfaii
tfadng qua giao tfauc FTP, 2.3.2 Chucmg Irinh tren server
Nfadm myc dicfa tfaiit ki mpt giao diln tfadn
tfailn vdi ngudi diing dl qudn Iy tfadi gian sii dung tfaiit hi radt cdcfa failu qua, ddng tfadi cd tiil ddng gdi giao dien nay thanh mot pfain mem cd tfal cdi dat tren bit ky may tinfa nao, nhdm tic gia da chgn Matlab lira cdng cu dl thuc hien cdc yeu cdu ndy.
Hinh 5: Giao diln quan ly thdi gian sir dung thiet bi Vdi cac tt'nh nang fren, nfadm tac gii da diing
pfaan mira Matlab ds hoan thipn he thdng giim sat vi^c sir dyng thilt bi bang each thilt kl mgt giao di?n v i ddng gdi chuong frinh nay thinh rapt pfain mem tfaeo trinh tu nhu sau:
".exe" vd ddng gdi tap tin thuc thi niy thinh mdt chuong trinfa cdi dgt frln mdy tinh vdi tin tip tin cd dang "filename_pkg.exe".
Budc 1: Tir cdc file dii' Ii|u dang " csv" cfaiia cdc dii lilu tfaeo dinh dang cfao trudc md fae thdng phin ciiaig dd thu tfaap dugc vi giri vi mdy chii, nhdm tdc gid dd dung Madab de viet cfaucmg trinh quin ly, nhin tich v i xii ly cdc du Heu niy dl ve biiu dd tdn suit v i thdi gian sii dyng tfaiit hi mdt cich tryc quan.
Budc 2: Thiit ke giao diln bang cdng cy GUI (Graphical User Interface) cua MaUab nhim giiip ngudi dimg tuong tic vdi cdc dii lieu vd cd tfae lya chpn mdc tiidi gian dk khdo sit sd gid sii dung cua mOt tfaiit hi bit ky. Sau dd, nhiing cfauong ninfa d budc 1 vao giao diln nay de tfayc tfai cdc tt'itii nang ciia he tfadng [Malab GUI],
Budc 3; Diing cdng cu Matlab Compiler de bien dicfa giao di|n frln tiiinfa tap tin tiiyc tfai
Budc 4: Chuong trinh da dugc ddng gdi hodn chinfa. Dl tfayc faien cfauong frinh, ngudi diing chi cin nhdp diip vdo tip tin tfayc tfai de md giao dien kfado sat thdi gian sii dung thiet bj nhu d budc 2 (Hinh 5).
3 KET QUA THirC NGHIEM Bk kiem nghiem sy van hdnh ciia he tfadng, mgt Hi lanfa, Ulu bilu cfao log! thill bi dien cd ddng tdi thay ddi frong qua trinh faogt ddng, dugc cfapn de thyc hiln tfai n ^ l m giim sdt tinfa trgng su dung thilt bi frong tfadi gian 48 gid liln tyc.
Hinb 6 md t i each tfairc kit ndi giua module gidm sit, tfaiit hi diln vi mang cyc bp. Tbeo dd, ngudi sii dung cd tfal I ^ dit module giam sdt tfaiet bj diln tfadng qua cdc thao tdc don gidn vi khdng can tfayc faien bit ky mpt sy tfaay ddi nio vl cdu tnic macfa cung cdp dien cua tfaiit bi.
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Can Tha Phdn A: Khoa hgc Tv nhien, Cong ngh0 vd Mdi Iru&ng. 31 (2014). 1-7
Den nguon dien
Hinh 6: Sudd kit nii module gidm s i t v a thiit bi Hinfa 7 trinh biy dd thj bilu diln ddng dien tieu
thy ciia thilt bj theo thdi gian, cy thi li frong khoing tiidi gian tir 18:00 din 21:00. Theo Hinh 7, sy thay ddi gia frj ddng dien trung binh cua tii Ignh trong qud trinh hoat dpng dd dugc hi thing
ghi nhdn.
Hiln tai, hi thdng dang dugc tiep tuc thii nghiem vdi sd lugng thiet hi dien ldn hon vi thdi gian hogt ddng dii han.
1900 19.20 Time (hourjnmute)
Hinh 7: Bo thi bilu diln cudng dp ddng diln trung binfa ciia thiit bi tbeo thdi gian 4 KET LUAN
Bii viit di frinh biy vile thilt ki mdt he thing quin ly cd khi ning ty dong thu thap dir lieu tin suit hogt dpng, vd ddng diln tiiu thy ciia thiit hi diln thdng qua raang cue bd. Viec chpn giii pfaap xdy dyng he thing dya frln nin tdng diln tii ngudn
md Arduino mang din sy thuin lgi vd Iinh hogt frong qud frinfa thiet ki cung nhu cho phep gidm cfai pfai ddu tu cda he tfadng. He tfaong co bdn ddp irng dugc cic ylu ciu da ddt ra: theo ddi Unh frgng sii dyng thiit bj theo tfadi gian thyc, ho frg qudn ly vi|c sii dyng frang thiit bj va cdng tdc toi uu hda vile sii dung diln nang. Gidi phap niy khdng chl
Tgp chi Kboa hoc Tru&ng Dgi hgc Cdn Tho PhdnA: Khoahgc Tv nhien. Cong ngb4 vd Moi iru&ng: 31 (2014): 1-7 cd the dp dung dl quin ly failu qui sii dung frai^
tfaiet hi tgi trudng Dai hpc Can Tho md cdn cd thi dugc su dyng tai cic cdng ty, doanh ngfailp de fad frg cdng tic quin I^ hieu nar^ sir dung mdy mdc, thilt bj mdt each hgp ly vd hieu qud.
LOfI CAM T ^
Nghien ciiu dugc thuc hiln frong khudn kfad dl tii cap CO sd, ma sd T2013-I8. Tdc gid cfadn tfaanh cira an cdn bd phy trach phdng thi nghiim tgi cic dan vi: Kfaoa Cdng n^il, Khoa Ndng nghiep va Phdng thi n ^ i l m Chuyin sdu da hd frg viec do dgc ddng tdi cua cdc trang thiet hi tai cdc dan vi frln.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Remote energy monitoring services,
Schneider Elecfric. URL:
http://goo.gl/IYio79.
2. Islam M. M., el al., 2012, "Elecfronic energy meter with remote monitoring and billing system"', the 7th Intemational Conference on Elecfrical & Computer Engineering (ICECE), Dahka.
3. Rashdi A., etal, 2012, "Remote energy monitoring, profiling and confrol througfa GSM network", Intemational Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), Abu Dhabi.
4. Arduino. URL:
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMe ga2560,
5. ACS7I2 data sheet. URL:
http://www.allegromicro.eom/~/media/Files /Datasfaeets/ACS712-Datasheet.ashx 6. Jack Purdum, 2012, Beginning C For Arduino,
1 St edition. Apress Publisher, 262pp.
7. Brian Evans, 2011, Beginning Arduino Prog^mming, 1st edition, Apress Publisher, 308pp.
8. Matlab GUI. URL:
http://www.mathworks.com/discovery/matl ab-gui.html.
