MUC LUC (886)
•vu THI KIM LIEN, DOTH! QUYNH NGA, TRAN TH! HAI Au, N G U Y I N THj HdNG NGOC, TRIEU THI THANH VAN, Dd PHUaNG LOAN, NGUYEN THAI SON
•TRAN HCTU TAM, V6 NGQC NGUYEN, TRl/ONG QUAN THUY, N G U Y I N THI THANH TAM, N G U Y I N HUU Li, NGUY£N TH! THANH HOA.
LE HIEU NGHTA.
i:>Nghien ctfu djch t l hgc phan t d d c ehung Vims sdi liru hanh trong cac vu dich sdi nam 2006-2013 3 mien Bae Viet Nam
^ T o i Uu hda dieu kien san xuat m l u benh pham gia djnh mO, ddm chda vi khuan thudng gdp phuc vu kiem tra chat lUdng xet nghiem vi sinh lam sang
THUIC TRANG HOAT DONG THANH TRA
CHUYEN NGANH AN TOAN THUC PHAM TRONG NGANH Y TE NAM 2012
TRAN QUANG TRUNG, N G U Y I N V A N NHIEN, LL/ONG THj PHU'ONG LAN Cyc An todn thyv phim, Bp Y te
T 6 M TAT
Thanh tra, kidm tra Id chirc ndng thiit ydu cOa qudn ly nhd nw&c. D$c bidt, ddi vdi vi&c qudn ly an todn thyc phim, cdng tdc thanh tra, kiim tra giw vai trd hit sdc quan trgng vi nd lidn quan din vi$c b^o ddm an todn cho nhung sdn phim anh huong tn/c tiip din sire khod con ngwdi. Nghi&n cdu dwgc tidn hdnh t^i 30 tlnh, thdnh phd dai di&n cho edc vdng smh thdi khdc nhau cua Vi&t Nam, v&i sd Iwgng 1.301 ngw&i dwgc phdng vin gdm cdc cdn bg lanh dao, thanh tra vidn, chu doanh nghidp sdn xuit, kinh doanh thyc phim. Kdt qua chinh nhw sau: Hiu hit cdn bd ldm cdng tdc thanh tm deu nim dwgc nhdng ndi dung co bin vd thanh tm chuy&n ngdnh an toan thyc phim trdn 80%. Vin cdn mdt so ndi dung cdng vide dn phdi Idm khi chuin bi cho mgt eudc thanh tra md cdn bd cdn bd thanh tra thwc hdnh a mOc thip nhw phd biin ki ho^ch thanh tm (72,7%), thdng bdo cho ddi twgng thanh tra chuin bj bdo cdo theo di cuong (73,2%). Kit thOc mdt cude thanh tm cdn mdt sd ndi dung nhw thdng bdo kit thuc viec thanh tm tai CO sd; xir ly, xir ph$t vi pham hdnh chlnh; xdy dyng dy thdo kit ludn thanh tm; cdng bd kit ludn thanh tm;
hjt kinh nghidm vi hoat ddng cua Doan thanh (ra; l$p, bdn giao hd sa thanh tm chi m&i dwoc thwc hidn &
mirc dwdi 60%. Hiiu biit eua chO ca sa vi trdch nhidm cOa dan vi dwgc kiim tm, thanh tra khi cd Dodn thanh tm din thanh tm Id chwa diy du.
Tir khda: an todn thyc phim. edng tde thanh tra.
kiim tra.
SUMMARY
Inspection activity Is a vital function of state management. Especially, for the food safety management, inspection activities play very important mle as it will be mlated to the safety assumnce of pmducts that impact dimetly on human health. The study was conducted in 30 provinces mpresent different ecological regions of Vietnam, with the number of 1,301 people were inten/iewed. including the leaders, inspectors, owners of food production and trade The mam results are as follows. Most inspectors understand the basic contents of food safety inspection over 80%. Still some work to be content to do when preparing for an inspection that inspectors practice at such low are as planning (72.7%), informing inspected establishments prepare inspection mports outline (73 2%) End of an inspection, some content such as notice of termination of the inspection at inspected establishment, sanctioning of administrative violations, draft inspection conclusion; announced inspection conclusions, drawn experience in the operation of the inspection team; handover inspected documents is done just below 60%. Understanding about msponsibilities or inspected establishments when the inspection team go to inspect is incomplete.
Keywods. food safety, inspection activities.
DAT VAN Dt
An todn thyc p h i m (ATTP) giu vai trd dde bidt quan trgng vl nfl anh hudng tn^c t i l p d i n sdc khde
Y HOC THUC HANH (886) - S6 11/2015^
vd tinh mgng nguflri s u dung, v l ldu ddi edn I n h hudng d i n ndi g i i n g cua q u i c gia, ddn tde. Ngodi ra.
ATTP con I n h hudng Idn d i n phat t r i l n kinh te.
thuong mgi, du Ijch vd an sinh xd hdi.
D l tdng budc Idm tot cflng tdc bao dam ATTP, b i o vd strc sdc k h o i eho nhan ddn, trong nhdng ndm qua D i n g , Nhd nudc, Bd Y t l vd edc Bfl. ngdnh ehdc ndng da ban hdnh, sda d i i , b i sung nhilu vdn ban quy phgm phdp ludt ve ATTP. O i n g thdi da thdnh l|p, kien todn hg t h i n g cdc co quan quan ly Nhd nudc v l ATTP, tdng cudng eflng tde thanh tra.
k i l m tra giCip ngan ch$n vd x d ly nhilu vy vi pham vd ATTP trong sdn x u l t , c h i b i l n , kinh doanh thyc phim; d i y mgnh cflng tdc thflng tin gido dyc tmyIn thflng ndng cao nh$n thdc vd y thde c h i p hdnh phdp lugt v l bao dam ATTP eho eac nhflm d i i tuong trong xd hfli [1]l 2]. Tuy nhidn, theo bdo edo eua Cyc ATTP vd mflt so nghign cdu trong nhdng ndm g i n ddy cho t h i y sd vy, s i ca ngfl dfle thyc p h i m va s i ngudi t d vong do ngg dfle thye p h i m vdn cfln eao (td ndm 2000 d i n 2010, ed nudc cfl 2.147 vy ngfl ddc thyc phim, vdi 60.602 ca m l c vd 583 ea t d vong) [1][2].
Trgn thye te, sd vy. sd ca ngfl dfle thye p h i m cao hon g i p nhieu l l n so vdi s i vy, sd ea dwgc phdt hign vd ghi nhdn. K i t q u i ede eufle thanh tra trong 10 ndm (2001-2010) eho thay ty Ig vi pham vd ATTP tgi cae CO sd san xult, kinh doanh thye p h i m duge thanh tra Chilm khoang 20 - 30% (ndm 2008, ty le vi phgm ATTP chilm 30%) [2][3].
N h i m nang eao ndng lyc thanh tra ehuygn ngdnh an todn thye p h i m chting tfll t i l n hdnh d l tdi;
"Nghign cdu thyc trgng vd dd x u l t gidi phdp ndng cao hidu qua hogt ddng thanh tra ehuygn nganh an todn thyc p h i m trong ngdnh y t l tgi d p tinh/thdnh p h i ndm 2012".
D O I T U ^ N G VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CLTU 1. Dfli t u g n g nghign c d u : gdm 3 nhflm: Cdn bfl Idnh dgo qudn ly; Cdn bd ldm cflng tdc thanh tra ehuygn ngdnh ATTP tgi d p tinh/thdnh p h i , bao gdm edn bfl tgi Thanh tra S d Y td; cflng chde duge giao thyc hign nhigm vy thanh tra ehuydn ngdnh (TTCN) tgi Chi eye ATVSTP cCia cdc tinh dugc chgn d l didu tra (sau ddy ggi ehung Id nhflm thanh tra vign (TTV));
Chti doanh nghigp san xult, kinh doanh thue phim.
2. Dia d i l m nghign c d u : tgi 30 tinh, thdnh p h i dgi didn eho ba mien bao g i m cdc tlnh: Mien bie: Hd Nfli, Hd Nam, Nam Dinh, VTnh Phtic, Phu Thp, Tuygn Quang, Hda Binh. Son La, Dign Bidn, Hai Duong, Hai Phflng, Qudng Nmh, M i l n taing: Quang Binh, Quang Trj, Thda Thign H u l , Binh Djnh, Phti Ygn, Khdnh Hfla, Blnh Thugn. D i e Lie, D i e Nflng, Ldm Ddng, M i l n nam' D i n g Nai, Blnh Duong, H i Chi Minh, T i l n Giang, B i n Tre, C i n Tho, VTnh Long, Ddng Thdp.
3. T h d i gian nghidn c d u : Thdi gian nghign cdu tdthdng 7-12/2012
4. P h u o n g phdp nghidn c d u
4.1. Thiit ki nghidn cuv: Nghign cdu mfl ta d t ngang
4.2. Cd miu vd chgn miu nghidn cOv
Vi ti&u chuan lya chgn v&i timg nhdm ddi twgng:^
- Ddi vdi nhom cdn bd lanh dgo phai Id ngudi Idnh dgo trong co quan cfl ehdc nang ehi dao eflng tdc thanh tra, kilm tra ATTP (Ldnh dgo S d Y td; Thanh tra S d Y t l ; Chi cyc ATVSTP ede tlnh, thdnh phd) (30 tinh = 163 ngudi).
- D i i vdi nhflm TTV, cong chde TTCN chgn toan bfl s i can bfl TTV d Thanh tra Sd Y t l vd cdn bfl lam cdng tdc thanh tra tai Chi cue ATVSTP (30 tlnh = 231 ngudi).
- D i i vdi nhom ehu doanh nghidp san xult. kinh doanh thuc p h i m mfli tinh chung tfli chgn 30 co sd san xult. kinh doanh thuc phim, djeh vu an uong de d i l u tra. nghien edu (30 tlnh vdi 907 ngudi dai dien cho CO sd thuc pham).
T i n g SO doi tuong duoc didu tra trong nghifln cdu ndy Id 1.301 ngudi.
4.3 Phuong phdp vd ky thu$t thu thdp thdng tin, xirlysdlleu
' Phwang phdp vd ky thudt thu th$p thdng tin - Thu thdp thflng tin t d edc d l i tuong nghien cdu' Su dung ba bfl eau hoi ddnh eho 3 nhflm d i i tugng Id: Cdn bfl Idnh dao; Cdn bd lam eflng tde thanh tra ehuygn nganh ATTP vd ChCi eo sd san xult kinh, doanh thyc phim.
- Thu thdp thflng tin t u cdc bdo edo k i t qua hoat ddng thanh tra hang ndm t u 2008 - 2012 do Cue ATTP cung elp.
* Phuxmg phdp xir ly sd Hdu
S i Ii6u nghidn edu dwac thu thgp, thing kg trgn mdy VI tinh, sd dyng p h l n mdm SPSS vd Exel
KtT QUA VA BAN LUAN 1. K i t qud
1.1. Thong tin chung ve doi twgng nghidn ciru.
Bdng 1. Thflng tin chung ve doi tuong nghien cdu tJilm
l u l l Gifl'i tinh Cgnq
D6I tuo-ng
£30 31-40 4 1 - 5 0
>50 Nam NO
L3nh dao N 1 6 62 94 133 30 163
%
0,6 3.7 38,0 57,7 81,6 184
CSnbg thanh tra
n 90 78 48 15 114 117 231
%
38.9 33,8 20,9 6,49 49,3 50,7
Chu CO sdTP n 102 343 299 163 492 415 907
%
11,3 37,8 32,9 18.0 54,2 45,8
Cgng
1 301 - Vi thdng tin chung cua nhdm cdn bd lanh dao dwgc nghidn cOv tudi ddi ctia nhflm cdn bfl lanh dgo dxeu tra p h i b i l n t u trgn 40 t u i i trd lgn (95,7 %), trong dfl neng nhom edn bfl eo tu6i ddi trgn 50 ehilm 57,7 % t i n g so, trong dfl nam chidm da s i (81,6 %), nd chilm 18,4%,
- vi thdng tin chung cua nhdm cdn bd lam cdng tdc thanh tm ATTP. T u i i ddi p h i bien t d 40 t u i i trd xuing ehilm dgi da s l (72,7 %). s i edn bd lam cflng tdc thanh tra Id nam. nd efl ty Ig ngang nhau.
- Vd thdng tin chung cOa nhdm chu ea s& thyc phim:Ju6[ ddi cua nhdm chu eo sd thyc phim bao g i m nhieu nhflm t d t h i p den eao, trong do nam chidm 54_,24 %, n u ehilm 45,75%.
2. Kidn thde vd t h y e hdnh cOa nhdm cdn bd
..*-»<-THirr HiNH (8861-S6 11/2013
Idnh dgo trong ehi dao cdng tdc thanh tra chuyen ngdnh ATTP
Bang 2 Ty lg cdc can bfl Idnh dgo da qua d c Idp nghidp vu thanh tra (do Thanh tra Chlnh phu to chuc (n = 163)
Hoc Idp nghiep vu thanh tra Chua duoc dap lao D5 hgc Idp nghigp vu thanh tra vign Da hgc Idp nghigp vu thanh tra vign
chinh
D3 hoc lO-p nghigp vy thanh tra cao cdp Ba hoc Idp bfli du'dng nghigp vy cho
cflng chi>c thanh tra chuyen ngdnh
35.6
Biiu dd 1. Gidm sdt hoat ddng thanh tm eua edn bd Idnh dao (n = 163).
Da s l cdn bfl Idnh dao (91%) cfl thuc hign vigc gidm sdt hoat dflng thanh tra.
3. K i l n thde vd t h y c hdnh cua edn bg Idm cdng tde thanh tra trong t h y e hidn cdng tde thanh tra chuydn ngdnh
Bang 3. TJ Id cdn bfl Idm eflng tde thanh tra duge dd dugc ddo tao (Do Thanh tra Chlnh phti t i ehdc) (n
= 231)
Ccic ldp ddo tgo da tham qia Chua duoc ddo tgo Lgp nqhigp vg thanh tra viSn Ldp nqhjgp vy thanh tra vien chinh
Ldp nqhiep vy thanh tra cao cdp L6p boi dufrng nghigp vy thanh tra cho cflng chLPC dugc giao thuc hign nhigm
vg thanh tra chuyen ngSnh n 64 99 2 0 76
%
27,7 42,9 0,9
0 32,9 S i edn bfl Idm cflng tdc thanh tra ATTP da dugc ddo tgo, tdp h u i n ehilm 72,3%. s i ehua dugc ddo tao ehilm 27,7 %.
Bang 4 Hieu biet eua edn bg Idm cdng tde thanh tra v l npi dung etia ban ke hoach
Nfli dung ban ke hoach thanh Ira
Mgc dich. yeu cau cua cupc thanh tra 213 92,2 DPI tU'O'ng thanh tra
Nfli dung va phuong phap tien hdnh NhSn sy Vei phan cong trach nhi$m Bag dam kmh phi, co sd v^t ch^t
Khong rfl NhO'ng n$i dung kh^c
Da s i cdn bfl Idm cflng tac thanh tra n i m dugc nhung nfli dung chinh ctia ban k l hogch nhu myc dich, ygu d u cua cude thanh tra (92,2%), doi tugng thanh tra (91,7%), nfli dung vd phuong phdp t i l n hdnh (91,7%). nhdn s u vd phdn cdng (85,3), bao dam kinh phi (84%)
B l n g 5 H i l u biet d a d n bfl Idm cdng tdc thanh tra v l nfli dung thanh tra ehuydn ngdnh ATTP
S i cdn bp Idnh dgo dd dugc boi dudng ve nghidp vu thanh tra ATTP chilm ty Id tuong doi cao so vdi trude ddy (64,4%).
NOi dunq thanh tra chuyen nganh A1 [ K Vigc thuc hign c i c tigu chudn, quy chudn ky thugt. quy dinh v l an todn thuc phim;
Vigc ghi nhan san phdm Vigc tudn thu quy dinh ve quang cdo thyc
pham Hogt dflng kiem nghigm an todn thyc
pham
Vigc tudn thu dieu kign an toin thyc phdm Hogt dOng chdng nhgn hgp chudn, hgp
quy
Vigc tuSn thu cac quy dmh vg nhgp khdu thuc phim Nhunq ngi dunq khdc
N 227 224 219 202 2ie 191 188 2
98,3
%
97,0 ^ 94,8 87,4 93,5 82,7 81,4 0,9 Hdu h i t cdn bg ldm cdng tdc thanh tra d i u nim dugc nhdng ngi dung eo ban vd thanh tra chuyfin ngdnh ATTP tren 80%.
Bang 6 H i l u biet ctia edn bd 'dm edng tde thanh tra v l ngudi efl quyen x d phgt hdnh chinh ve ATTP
Ngu'di cfl quyen xCr phat hSnh chfnh vg ATTP
Chti tjch Uy ban nhan cdc cdp unann i nann tra, i i v cnuyen ngann Y
te
Cdng chi>c duoc giao thuc hign nhigm vyTTCN Thti trudng ca quan duoc giao chde
ndng TTCN Quan l"^ thi trudnq
Cflnq an Cflnq tdc vi&n thanh tra
Khflnq rfl Y kign khdc:
n 199 221 86 144 146 112 5 1 299
%
86,10 95,70 37.20 62,30 63,20 48,50 2,20 0.40 32,96 Ty Id ngudi duoc hoi h i l u dOng vd thim quyln XPVPHC ve ATTP con t h i p . chO y l u mdi dd d P din Chti tieh UBND cdc e l p (86,1%), Chdnh Thanh tra Y te (95,7%) md ehua hieu dOng vd d i y du vd eac ehdc danh nhu quan \)f thi trudng 63,2%). cdng an (48,5%).
Bang 7. Thuc hdnh cdc cdng vide ehuan bj cho mflt eudc thanh tra
C6ng vigc chuan bj cho mpt cufic thanh Ti^p nhan thfing tin~
Xu ly thong tin Chudn bl CO sd phap 1'^
Xgy dyng kg hoach vd de cuong thanh Pho bign kk hogch thanh tra Thflng bdo cho d6i tuong dugc thanh tra
chuin bi bdo cao theo d l cuong
Mgt sd ndi dung thugc cdng vide ehuln bi cho mdt eudc thanh tra dugc thyc hdnh dung vdi ty Id khd cao nhu tiep nhdn thflng tin, x u ly thdng tin, ehuln bj cdn c d phdp ly. quyet dinh thanh tra vd xdy dyng k l hoach thanh tra vdi ty Id h i l u dting t r i n 85%. Cdn mdt s i ndi dung md cdn bd thanh tra thyc hdnh diy du d mde t h i p hon nhu p h i b i l n k l hogch thanh tra (72,7%), thong bao cho d i i tugng thanh tra ehuln bi bdo edo theo de cuong (73.2%).
Y HOC THi;C HANH (886) - S6 11/2013
B l n g 8. Thyc hdnh thanh tra tgi co sd ctia ede cdn bd Idm cflng tdc thanh tra
Nh&ng cang vigc dd lAm khi thanh tra tgi co sd Cflng t>4 CO sd phdp ly thanh tra (Quygt djnh
thanh tra hogc lh6 thanh tra vign) mgiiii ug im^u IMC maim iid vicilj N6u yflu cJiu ho|c d^ cuong dfe co sd bdo cao~
Kifem tra CO sd phdp ly _ Nghe a6i tug^g dupc thanh tra bdo cdo i^mip Mm myii^ uuy^^ liiqiiii ua udu k..du Thu Ihjp, kigm tra. xdc minh thflng tin, tdi Jiju Thu th$p tang v^t, Idy m3u, thi/c hign cdc giai
phdp dip bdch Bdo cdo lifln dfl thanh tra v6i ngu6'i ra quy^t
djnh Ghi nhjt ky Dodn thanh tra Su'a dfli, b6 sung kg hogch ti^n hdnh thanh tra Tam dCrng vi$c thanh tra tai co sd d£ thi^c hi$n
cflng vi^c khdc sau dfl m^t thd'i gian thanh tra tilp
185
Y kifen kha"c: , Trong hogt dflng thanh tra mdt s i budc dd duge thyc hidn nhu: eflng b i quyet dinh thanh tra, ndu ygu d u ho|ic dd cuong d l eo s d bdo edo; k i l m tra hd so phdp 1^; nghe d i i tugng bdo cdo, thu thdp, kilm tra, xde minh thflng tin, tdi ligu; thu th$p tang vdt, l l y m l u . thye hidn d e gidi phdp d p bdeh. tuy nhidn hdu h i t cdc n i l dung ndy khdng duge thye hien mflt edeh ddy dO md ehi khodhg 80%-90%. Ddi vdi vide bdo cdo tidn dd vd ghi nh$t ky, vigc thyc hidn dgt tJ le t h i p hon (67,5 % - 68,8%).
Bdng 9. Thuc hdnh khi k i t thuc mflt eudc thanh tra
NhO'ng cflng vigc dd ldm khi kgt thilc mflt cuflc thanh tra Thflnq bdo k6t thtic vigc thanh tra tgi co so
Lgp bign ban thanh tra Xd IV. xd phat VI phgm hdnh chlnh
Bdo cdo kgt qua thanh tra Xdy dunq dy thao kgt lugn thanh tra
Cflng bfl kgt lugn thanh tra Rtit kmh nghigm vg hogt dflng cua Dodn
thanh tra Ldp. bdn qiao hd so thanh tra Tidp tgc trd Igj co sd dd Idy sfl ligu khi khflng
c6 ygu clu ctia nqudi cfl thim quyln Y kiln khdc
n 138 191 118 167 110 118 125 109 12 2
%
59,7 82.7 51.1 72,3 47,6 51.1 54.1 47,2 5,2 0,9 Da s i d c ndi dung khi k i t thtic mflt eufle thanh tra khflng duge thye hidn mflt cdch d i y du, trong sd edc ndi dung d n thyc hign thi vigc Igp bidn ban thanh tra dugc thye hidn vdi ty Ig cao nhit (82,7%).
t i l p theo Id ldm bdo edo k i t q u i thanh tra 72,3%, ddi vdi da sd cde nfli dung cflng vigc efln Igi mdi chi dugc thyc hign d mde dudi 60%
Biiu ad 2. Thyc hdnh Id tuydn truyin vidn vd ddo tao viin cua cdn bd tn/c tiip Idm cdng tdc thanh tm cho cdc CO s& sin xuit, kinh doanh thyc phim.
H i u h i t ede cdn bfl Idm eflng tdc thanh tra dd thyc hign la mflt tuyen truyln vign vd d e nfli dung lign quan chap hdnh phap ludt v l bao dam ATP doi vdi eo so thuc p h i m ehiem 96%.
4. K i l n t h d c vd t h i f c hdnh v l an todn t h y c p h i m ciia chu c o s d t h y c p h i m
Bang 10. Ty Id ehtj co sd biet nhung quy i^nh ve ATTP (n = 907)
Cdc Quy dinh ve ATTP Phdp Ignh Vg smh An toan thyc ph^m
Luai An toan thu'c pheim Nqhi dinh ctia Chinh phu Quyet dinh cua cac Bo. nqanh
Vdn ban khdc (de nqhi qhi rfl n 425 750 353 218 37
%
46.9 82,7 38,9 24,0 4,1 H l u h i t chu CO sd thuc phim da dwoc nghe nfli.
bidt d i n Ludt ATTP (82.7%). Tuy nhign. d i i vdi cdc vdn ban ehuydn sdu khde nhu nghj dinh eua Chinh phu, ede thong t u , quylt i^nh ctia eae bfl ngdnh, ty le ngudi bilt cfln ehua nhilu (nghi i^nh ctia Chinh phu 38,9%; Thflng t u , quyet dinh etia cdc bfl, ngdnh 24,0%)
Biiu do 3. Cdch thdc tiep cdn thdng tin quy dinh vd ATTP vd thanh tm (n = 907) Vige tiep cgn thflng tin etia chti co sd thyc phim d i i vdi cde quy t^nh v l ATTP vd thanh tra qua cdc Idp t i p huin dugc ghi nhdn nhilu nhit vdi ty Id 85,6%, tiep d i n Id qua sdch, bdo, t a i y l n hinh 56,7%
vd qua intemet 37,2% vd qua cdc phuong tidn khdc chi ehilm t h i p nhit chi d 1,1%.
Bang 11. H i l u bilt eua chu eo sd vd trdch nhigm cua don vj dugc kilm tra, thanh tra khi co sd cfl Dodn thanh tra d i n thanh tra (n = 907)
Trach nhigm cua co sd duoc thanh tra, kilm tra Cfl trdch nhigm tuSn thu quy d|nh vg
ATTP
Cu ngudJ c6 thSm quyen Idm vigc vdi doan thanh, kilm tra Cung d p d^y du cdc thong tin, tdi ligu,
bdo cdo kjp thdi theo yeu clu cua ngudi dugc giao nhigm vg kilm tra,
thanh tra Phai chju trdch nhigm trudc phdp lu|t v l nhunq thonq tin. tdi ligu dd cung cip
Chdp hdnh nghigm chinh cdc yfeu cdu, kiln nghi, quylt dinh, ket lugn v l kilm
tra, thanh tra Khflnq rfl Nhunq nfli dunq khdc (ghi rfl):
n 700 647
669
597 688 57 8
%
77,2 71,3 73,8
65,8 75,9 6.3 0,9
Y HOC THV'C HANH (886) - S6 11/2013
Hieu biet ctia chu eo sd ve trdch nhiem eua don vi dugc kiem tra, thanh tra khi co s d cfl Dodn thanh tra den thanh tra h l u h i t la chua day dti trgn 65%, trong dfl nfli dung ve trdch nhigm cua doanh nghidp dugc ede ehu eo s d hieu biet vdi ty Id cao nhat Id trdch nhigm tudn thO quy dinh ve ATTP (77,18%).
2. Bdn luan
Van de ATTP da dwac Dang, Q u i c hgi, Chinh phti quan tdm t u nhilu ndm nay, trong dd ddc bigt chu trgng cong tdc tuygn truydn giao due ndng cao nhan thde va y thdc chap hdnh phdp ludt eua toan xd hfli v l bao dam ATTP, dong thdi tdng cudng cong tdc thanh tra, kilm tra, kjp thdi phdt hign, xu ly nghigm ede vi phgm nhdm tdng bude dua edc boat dong san xuat, kinh doanh thye p h i m thye hien theo dting quy dinh etia phdp ludt d l tao ra nhung san pham an todn dap dng nhu c l u tigu dting trong nudc va xuat khau. Dae bigt trong nhdng ndm gan ddy hang logt vdn ban quy dmh v l ATTP da dugc ban hdnh, gflp phan nang cao ndng lyc quan i'j vd k i l n thuc, thdi dfl. thyc hanh eua ngudi dan ve cong tde dam bao an toan thyc p h i m . Nghien cdu nay ctta chting tfli cho thay
Vd k i l n thdc vd thyc hdnh etia nhflm cdn bfl lanh dao trong ehi dao cflng tdc thanh tra ehuyen ngdnh ATTP, k i t qua dieu tra cho t h i y s i cdn bd ldnh dao dd duoe b i i dudng ve nghigp vu thanh tra ATTP ehilm 64,42% (so lieu bao cdo cua Thanh tra Bo Y t l vd Cyc ATTP t d ndm 2008 trd v l trude, so edn bfl ldnh dgo tham gia t$p h u i n dat khoang 15%) [2][3], dieu ndy ehdng to cdn bfl Idnh dgo dd ngdy cdng quan tdm den boat dgng thanh tra vl cdn bfl lanh dgo cd n i m b i t edc kidn thdc, ky ndng thanh tra thi vige chi dgo mdi dugc sdt sao. giCip tdng budc ndng cao higu qua hogt dong thanh tra ehuygn ngdnh ATTP.
Ve kiln thde vd thye hdnh eua cdn bg Idm eflng tae thanh tra trong thuc hien eflng tdc thanh tra ehuyen ngdnh, k i t qua nghign edu cho thdy h l u h i t edn bfl Idm cflng tdc thanh tra deu n i m duoc nhung nfli dung CO ban ve thanh tra chuyen nganh ATTP, trong dfl cd mot s i ngi dung thanh tra dugc nhieu can bfl thanh tra b i l l d i n nhu vigc thyc hign cdc tieu ehuln, quy ehuln ky thudt, quy djnh v l an todn thyc p h i m (98.3%). Vigc ghi nhdn san pham (97%), viec tuan thu quy dinh ve quang cdo thye pham (94,8%), viee tudn thu d i l u kidn an todn thye phim (93,5%) Tuy nhign ddi vdi mflt s i nfli dung nhu thanh tra hogt dgng chung nhan hop chuin, hgp quy, thanh tra viec tuan thti cae quy ^ n h vd nh§p khau thyc p h i m sd cdn bd thanh tra n i m dugc cfln It han so vdi cde nfli dung khde, mdi ehi dat 82,7%, 81,4%. Do vdy, trong thdi gian tdi khi Bg Y t i . Sd Y t l t i chde cde khfla dao tao, tdp huin cung d n xem xdt, tdng cudng s u quan tdm eho nhdng nfli dung md cdn bd thanh tra cfln it biet den nhu dd ngu, Ty lg
ngudi dugc hdi hieu dung d n thap ehu yeu tdp trung nhilu vdo nhflm eong ehde TTCN vd mdi d l edp nhilu d i n tham quyen d a Chu tich UBND cae d p (86,1%), Chdnh Thanh tra Y te (95,7%) md ehua hilu dting vd d i y du ve ede chde danh khdc nhu lyc lugng qudn ly thi tardng (63.2%), d n g an (48,5%). Ve thyc hdnh cdc budc trong d n g tdc ehuan bj thanh tra, kit qua nghign cdu eho thay cd mflt so ngi dung thudc eflng viee ehuan bj cho mflt cupc thanh tra dugc thye hdnh dOng vdi ty le khd cao nhu tiep nhdn thflng tin, xd ly thflng tin, ehuln bj can c d phap I5?, quyet djnh thanh tra va xdy dyng kd hoach thanh tra vdi t f Id hilu diing tO 85% trd len. Ben cgnh dfl efln eo mgt s i nfli dung md edn bp thanh tra thue hdnh d mdc t h i p hon nhu phi bien ke hoach (72,7%), thflng bdo eho d i i tuong thanh tra chuan bj bdo d o theo de cuong (73.2%). D i i vdi cdc budc trong khi thanh tra tai eo sd, qua kit qua nghign edu eho t h i y d n mflt so edn bfl chip hdnh chua d i y dti eac bude theo quy dinh, ty Id ndy chiem khoang 20%. Ddc biet d i i vdi mflt sd nfli dung nhu vigc bdo cao tien do vd ghi nh$t kf, sd ngudi thyc hidn chiem ty lg chua cao mdi dat khoang 70%. Ve thuc hien cac budc khi ket thtic mdt cude thanh tra, chu ylu cdc cdn bd quan tdm nhieu d i n hai nfli dung Id l^p bien ban thanh tra khi kdt thOc tai eo sd (82,7%) v^
lam bao cao sau khi dd hodn thdnh eudc thanh tra (72,3%). Ddi vdi da s i cdc ngi dung cflng vige cfln lai mdi chi dugc thye hien d muc dudi 60% (thdng b^o viee k i t thtic cho co sd 59.7%; xdy dung kit lu^n thanh tra 47,6%, eflng b i k i t ludn thanh tra 51,1%; rtit kinh nghidm hoat dflng ctia dodn 54,1%; igp bdn giao h i so thanh tra 47,2%). Nhu vdy, nhiJng nfli dung vl trlnh t y tien hdnh mflt cugc thanh tra rlt d n duoc quan tdm tdp h u i n trong thdi gian tdi.
Vd kidn thdc, thyc hdnh ATTP cua chu eo sd thu'c pham, ket qua dieu tra eho thay nhilu chu eo sd aa biet ve ten etia Ludt ATTP (82,7%), tuy nhidn d c vSn ban dudi ludt v i n cfln ty Id ddng ke chua bilt (khoang 50 - 70%). Vigc tiep edn eua chu co sd thye phim d6i vdi cdc quy djnh v l thanh tra bao g i m nhilu hinh thtre khac nhau t d vide t$p h u i n ctia co quan chuc ndng, sdch bdo, truyen hinh. internet..., trong dd vide tilp c0n qua cdc Idp tdp h u i n duoe ghi nhdn nhilu nhit vfl'i tf le 85,6%, t i l p d i n td qua sdch, bdo. truyln hinh 56,7%
vd qua intemet 37,2%. Hieu biet ctia chu eo sd' v^
trdch nhiem cua don vj duoe kiem tra. thanh tra khi co sd efl Dodn thanh tra ddn thanh tra h l u hit Id chua d i y dti, trong dfl nfli dung ve trdch nhigm ctia doanh nghigp duoe ede ehu co sd hieu bilt vdi ty Id cao nhat Id trdch nhigm tudn thti quy djnh v l ATTP (77,18%), t i l p theo Id trdch nhidm c h i p hdnh nghllm chinh c&c yeu d u , kiln nghi, quylt dinh, k i t ludn v l kilm tra, thanh tra (75,9%); cung d p d i y dti d e thflng tin, tSi lieu, bdo d c kjp thdi theo y l u d u eua ngudi duvc
Y HOC THirc HANH (886) - S6 11/2013
giao nhidm vg kilm tra, thanh tra (73.8%); c d ngudi d t h i m quyln Idm vide vfli dodn thanh, kilm tra (71.3%).
D i t vdi cde nfli dung khdc mdc dfl h i l u bilt chilm ty Ig t h i p hon vd cfl 6,3% khflng rfl ve trdch nhidm etia doanh nghidp.
K £ T LUAN VA KltU NGHI 1. K i t ludn:
- S i cdn bfl Idnh dgo da dugc boi dudng vd nghigp vu thanh tra ATTP chilm ty lg tuong ddi cao so vdi tnj-de day (64.4%).
- S i edn bd ldm cflng tdc thanh tra ATTP dd duoe ddo tao, tdp hudn chilm 72.3%. s i chua dugc dao tgo chilm 27.7 %.
- Da s i cdn bfl Idm cflng tdc thanh tra ndm duoc nhung ndi dung chinh cua ban k l hogch nhu myc dich. ygu d u eua cude thanh tra (92.2%), d i i tugng thanh tra (91.7%), ngi dung vd phuong phdp tien hdnh (91.7%). nhdn s y vd phdn cong (85,3), bao dam kinh phi (84%).
- H l u h i t cdn bd ldm eflng tde thanh tra deu ndm dugc nhdng ngi dung co ban ve thanh tra ehuyen ngdnh ATTP trgn 80%.
- TJ Id ngudi duge hdi h i l u dting ve t h i m quyln XPVPHC v l ATTP efln t h i p , chti yeu mdi de cdp ddn Chti tjch UBND edc d p (86,1%), Chdnh Thanh tra Y t l (95,7%) md chua hieu dting vd d i y du v l cdc chde danh nhu quan ly thj trudng (63,2%), eflng an (48,5%).
- Mflt s i nfli dung thudc cflng vigc ehuln bj cho mflt eudc thanh tra dugc cdn bfl thanh tra thyc hdnh d i y dti d muc t h i p nhu p h i b i l n k l hoach thanh tra (72,7%). thflng bdo eho d i i tuong thanh tra chuin bj bdo cdo theo d l cuong (73,2%)
- Trong qud trinh t i l n hdnh thanh tra vdn cfln ty Id edn bfl Idm cflng tdc thanh tra thyc hign khflng d i y dO edc thu tyc thuflc quy trinh thanh tra vdi ty le t u 10 - 32% ttiy theo tdng nfli dung
- K i t thtic mflt eufle thanh tra efln mflt sd nfli dung nhu thflng bdo k i t thOe vige thanh tra tgi eo sd; xu l^f, x u phgt vi pham hdnh chlnh; xSy dyng d y thao k i t ludn thanh tra; cflng b i kdt ludn thanh tra; rtit kinh nghidm v l hoat ddng ctia Dodn thanh tra; Idp, bdn giao hd so thanh tra chi mdi duge thyc hign d mdc dudi 60%, ed bigt efln mflt s i v l n h i p tue trd lat eo s d di l l y s i lidu khi khdng cd ydu d u ctia ngudi efl t h i m quyln chilm 5,2%.
- H l u h i t chti CO sd thyc p h i m 3d dugc biet den Ludt ATTP (82,7%). Tuy nhien, d i i vdi cdc vdn ban ehuygn sdu khdc nhu nghj djnh cua Chinh phti, cdc thflng tu, quylt t^nh ctia ede bfl ngdnh, ty Id ngudi bilt efln ehua nhilu (nghj t^nh ctia Chinh phu 38,9%;
Thflng tu, quylt t^nh etia cdc bfl, ngdnh 24,0%).
- Vide tilp cgn cua ehti co s d thye p h i m ddi vdi edc quy djnh v l thanh tra qua d c ldp tdp h u i n dugc
ghi nhdn nhldu nhat vdi ty Ig 85.6%, h i p d i n Id qua sdeh, bdo, tmyen hinh 56.7% vd qua intemet 37,2%.
- Hilu bilt ctia ehu eo sd ve trdeh nhiem eua don v| dugc kilm tra, thanh tra khi co sd cfl Dodn thanh tra ddn thanh tra h l u h i t la chua day dtt.
2. K i l n nghi:
1. C l n tang cudng dao tao cho cdn bfl lam eflng tdc thanh tra ATTP tap trung vdo tham quyen x u phat vi pham hdnh ehinh v l ATTP; Ludt ATTP; cdc vdn ban ehuygn sau khdc nhu nghi djnh ctia Chinh phti, edc thflng tu, quylt djnh ctia ede bd ngdnh thflng qua edc ldp tap huin.
2. Can hudng ddn thuc hdnh cho edn bg lam eflng tdc thanh tra ve nfli dung cong viec ehuan bi eho mflt cuflc thanh tra nhu pho bien ke hoach thanh tra, thflng bdo eho doi tugng thanh tra ehuan bi bao edo theo de cuong
3. Can hudng d i n cho can bfl Idm cflng tdc thanh tra ve thye hign d i y dti eae nfli dung trong qud trlnh t i l n hdnh thanh tra theo trinh t u thu tuc dd dugc phdp ludt quy dmh.
4. C l n hudng d i n cho can bg Idm eflng tdc thanh tra v l thue hifln d i y dti cac noi dung khi k i t thtie cupc thanh tra theo quy dmh cua phap luat.
5. Tang cudng h i l u biet ctta chu eo sd san xuat, kmh doanh v l trdch nhigm ctia don vi duoe kiem tra, thanh tra khi co sd cfl Doan thanh tra ddn thanh tra, kiem tra.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Bp Y te, Bdo cdo Thdng hdnh dflng /I CLVSATTP ede ndm 2009, 2010; 2011, 2012
2. Cue An todn thye pham, Bdo edo k i t qua eflng tdc bao dam VSATTP cdc nam 2008; 2009; 2010;
2011,2012.
3. Thanh tra Bp Y t l , Bdo cdo ket qua thanh tra VSATTP ed_e ndm 2008, 2009, 2010; 2011.
4. Nguyen Cong Khan (2010), "Mo ta thye trang td ehde hoat dong thanh tra an todn thuc phim tai edc d p trong ngdnh y te vd de xuat giai phap ndng cao ndng luc thanh tra an toan thuc pham theo luSt An todn thue pham".
5. T r i n Ddng, Lam Quoc Hting (2005), Nghign cdu CO sd khoa hoe de de xuat quy hoach phdt tnen mgng ludi quan l") VSATTP trong ngdnh y te.
6. Tran Ddng, Ldm Q u i c Hting (2009), Nghien cdu thuc trang va nhu cau ve t l chde hoat dflng dao tao thanh tra ATVSTP d cdc d p nam 2009
7. Tran Quang Trung (2001), Ddnh gid thuc trang t i chuc hoat dgng va nhu d u ddo tao thanh tra y t l 26 tinh, thdnh phd ndm 2001.
8. T r i n Quang Trung (2003), Ddnh gia thyc trang t i chde, hogt ddng vd nhu d u ddo tgo thanh tra y t l dia phuong ndm 2003./.
Y HOC THV'C HANH (886) - S6 11/2013
