KHOA HOC KY THUAT THp YTAPXX S(5 1 - 2013
M Q T SO CHi Tl£U SINH LV V A H U Y E T HQC CUA NGffA BACH NUOl
TAI H U Y E N THANH THJ - H A N O INguyin Vdn Di^p, Nguyin V&n Hiin, Nguyin Thj Minh Phmmg vd Nguyin Bd Tup Khoa Thu y, Tru&ng Dgi hgc Nong nghiip Hd Ngi
T6M TAT
Cdc chi tieu sinh ly vd huyit hpc dugc xdc dinh trfin 80 ngya b^ch thu^c 4 nhdm tu6i nudi tai huy^n Thanh Tri. Hd Ngi- Kit qud nghign ciiu cho thdy; Thdn nhi§t cua ngya b^ch dao dgng trong khodng 37,4 - 39''C; tdn 56 hd hdp vd nhjp tim gidm ddn theo tuoi, cao nhdt d ng\ra dudi 2 thdng tuli sau dd gidm ddn vd thdp nhdt d nhdm ngya 4 - 8 ndm tudi.
- s l lugng hdng cdu vd ty khii huyit cdu gidm ddn theo tuli, cao nhdt d nhdm ngya dudi 2 thang tuli vd thdp nhdt d nhdm ngya 4 - 8 ndm tu6i. Thi tich trung binh hing cdu tdng theo tudi. Ty 1§ phiin trdm thi tich huyit cdu d ngya m? thdp hon cdc nhdm tuli khdc.
Hdm lugng huyit sdc tl Uung binh trong mdu ngya b^ch gidm ddn theo tuoi. Ngugc l^i, lugng huyit sdc to trung binh trong mOt hong cdu tdng theo tuli.
So lugng b?ch cdu cao nhdt d nhdm ngya khodng I ndm tudi. B?ch cdu trung tinh chiem ty I? cao nhdt d ngya dudi 2 thdng tudi vd ngya 4 den 8 ndm tuoi trong khi te bdo lympho chilm ty 1^ cao nhat trong cdc loai b^ch cdu d ngya sau cai stia vd ngya 1 - 2,5 tuli. Sd lugng tieu cdu dao dgng trong khoang 148 - 501 nghin/mm', thi tich trung binh tilu cau ndm trong khoang 7,61 - 8,06 fl.
- Dudng kinh trung binh ciia hdng cdu vd cdc lo^i b^ch cau di loan, di kiem, trxmg tinh, don nhdn, lympho Idn, lympho nhd Ian lugt Id 5,7 (im vd 12,4 jim, 12,2 pm, 11,7 pm, 14,9 pm. 10,8 fim va 6,9 pm.
Tir khoa: Ngya bach, Chi tieu sinh ly, Chi tieu huyet hge, TP Hd Ngi
Some physiological and haematological parameters of white horses raising in Thanh Tri district, Ha Noi city
Nguyen Van Diep, Nguyen Van Hiai, Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong, Nguyen Ba Ti^
SUIVIMARY
Some physiological and haematological parameters were measured in 80 horses in Thanh Tri district. Ha Noi city. The horses belonged to 4 different age groups. The studied results showed that horse body temperature (rectal temperature) ranged from 37.4'>C to 39°C. The heart rate and respiratory frequency were highest in the horses at the age of under 2 months, then gradually decreased in the other older age groups; lowest in the horse group of 4 - 8 years old. A number of red blood cells and blood cell density decreased by the age groups; highest in the horse group under 2 months old and lowest in the horse group ot 4 - 8 years old. The mean red blood cell volume increased by the age groups, percentage of blood cell volume in the female breeder were lower than that of the other age groups. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin volume of the white horse decreased by the age groups, whereas; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration in one red blood cell increased by the age groups.
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XX S(5 1 - 2013
A number of white blood cells were highest in the white horses at the age of around 1 year, neutral white blood cells accounted for highest rate in the horses under 2 months old and from 4 to 8 years old while lymphocytes reached the highest percentage value in all kinds of white blood cells in post-weaning horses at the age of 1 to 2.5 years...
Number of platelet was fluctuated in a range of 148 to 501 thousand/mm^ and mean platelet volume was in a range of 7.61 - 8.06 fl.
Mean diameters of erythrocytes, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, monocytes, large lymphocytes and small lymphocytes were 5.7 pm, 12.4 pm, 12.2 pm, 11.7 pm, 14.9 pm, 10.8 pm, and 6.9 pm, respectively.
Key H'orc/s: White horse, Physiological parameters, Haematological parameters, Ha Noi city
L D A T V A N D E
0 Vi|t Nam, ngya b^ch dugc nu6i chu yeu d cdc tinh mien nui. Theo y hgc cd truyin, cao ngya b^ch dugc coi la mpt loai thuoc quy.
Theo thing ke cua H^i Thii y Vi?t Nam, ddn ngya bach d nudc ta hi?n cd gan 600 eon vd dugc xIp vdo logii dgng vdt quy hiem can duge bdo V?. Viec phdt triln dan ngya bach theo md hinh trang trai khdng nh&ng giiip bao tdn, duy tri da d^ng sinh hge, bdo v? ngudn gen quy hi8m tren phuong di$n qudc gia ma cdn Id md hinh phdt trien kinh t l tiim ndng cho cdc hg chan nudi, ddng thdi cung cdp ngudn san phdm cao cap vdi sd lugng ldn. Trong qua trinh nudi dudng, dich benh Id mpt trong nhung trd ngai khdng nhd ddi vdi sy thdnh cdng ciia cdc trang trgi ngya bach hoac cdc trung tam bdo tdn.
Tuy nhien cho din nay chua cd nhieu du li?u nghien curu vl ngya bach dugc cdng bd. De gdp phdn tao co sd cho chdn doan vd dieu trj benh tren ddi tugng vdt nudi nay, nghidn cuu dugc tiln hdnh nhdm xdc dinh cdc ehi ti8u sinh ly vd huyit hpc cua ngya bach nudi tai huy?n Thanh Tri, thdnh pho Hd Ngi.
II. PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU
2.1. D I I tugng vd mau nghien cuu - Ngya bach trong nghidn ciru dugc nuoi t^i trang tr^i gift gidng gen ngya b^ch xd Ydn My - Thanh Tri - Hd NOi gom 4 nhdm tudi (< 2 thang, 1 nam, 1,5 - 2,5 ndm , 4 - 8 ndm tudi). Cac doi tugng nghien cihi diu d trang thai sinh ly binh
thudng khde m^nh
- Mdu mdu dugc lay tir tmh mgch c l gom:
mdu dugc ldy vdo Ing ldy mdu ehuyen dCing cd chat chdng ddng cho xdc djnh cdc chi tieu huyet hpc, mdu phiit phiin kinh tryc tiep, nhu^m dl xdc dinh hinh thdi, kich thudc cdc loai tl bdo mdu.
2.2. Phuong phdp nghien cihi
2.2.1. Phtetmgphdp xdc Mnh cdc chidSu sinh ly - Than nhift: do tryc trang, vdo budi sdng trudc khi cho dn, mdi ngya do 3 ldn, each nhau 1 tuan.
- Tdn so tim: Diing dng nghe, nghe vung tim va dim so lan tim ddp trong 1 phiit, kilm tra vdo budi sang trudc khi cho an, moi ngya kilm tra 3 thdi dilm cdch nhau 1 tudn vd do 3 Idn mdi thdi diem.
- Tdn sh ho hap: Quan sdt vd dim sd ldn len xudng ciia hom hdng trong 1 phdt, kilm tra vao buoi sang trudc khi cho dn, mdi ngya kilm tra 3 thdi dilm, mdi thdi dilm cdch nhau 1 tudn va do 3 ldn d mdi thdi dilm.
2.2.2. Phdn tich cdc chi tieu huyet hgc - Cdc chi tieu huyit hpc dugc phdn tich trong vdng 12 gid sau khi lay mlu bdng mdy Cell - Dyn 3700 (hdng Abbort - Hoa ky). Mdy gdm 4 h^ thing h$ thdng dpc rieng re cho ra cde thdng sd, trong dd tdng sd t l bdo hdng cdu do bdng phuang phdp trd khdng; hdm lugng huyit sdc td (HGB) do bdng phucmg phap quang phd; tdng so tl bao b^ch cdu vd cdc thanh phdn bgch cau
KHOA HQC KY THUATTHU Y TAP XX S 6 1 - 2013
dugc xdc djnh bdng phuang phdp do quang;
tong s l tilu cdu do bdng phuang phdp trd khdng.
Mdu mdu dd phiit kinh dugc dua vl phdng thi nghidm nhu^m H&E vd Wright - Giemsa dl quan sdt hinh thdi. xdc djnh kfch thudc.
Do kich thudc cac tl bdo mdu: Sau khi nhupm. tifiu bdn mdu dugc chyp vd do bdng h§
thong gim camera MVV 3000, kinh hiin vi sinh hge Primo star (hdng Carl Zeiss - Dure) vd m^t mdy tfnh. Camera MVV 3000 cd h§ thing phdn mem vd thudc do di k^m. dnh cd gdn thudc do camera dugc quan sdt, chyp vd Itm trdn mdy tinh. Sau dd, thudc chudn I mm dugc chyp d cde d$ phdng dgi, dg phdn gidi khdc nhau dl tfnh ra
t^ 1| tuong quan giQa kfch thudc th$t vd kich thudc cda cdc vgch gdn tren dnh chyp dugc.
2.2.3. Phttnmgphdpxdrip s6 li$u
s l li$u thu duge dugc xu ly theo phuong phdp thing kS sinh hpc bdng phdn mlm Micro- soft excel 2003. Sai khdc cd y nghTa dugc kilm djnh bdng hdm Khi binh phucmg (x2).
III. lOfcT QUA vA T H A O L U ^ N 3.1. Thdn nhi^t, tdn s l hd hdp vd t i n sd tim cua n g ^ bfch
Mii nhdm tuli chpn ra 20 con dl theo ddi, kit qud dugc trinh bdy d bdng I.
Bdng 1. Thfin nhl^t, tdn stf h6 htfp, tiln a6 tim ciia ngi/a b^ch
Nhdm t u j i
< 2 thdng 1 nam 1,5-2,5 nam
4 - 6 nam Stf con theo doi
20 20 20 20
Than nhl^t (°C) Trung binh 38,63' ± 0,21 3 8 , 0 ' ± 0 , 1 6 37,85'±0,12
3 8 , 1 ' ± 0 , 2 1 MIn-Max 38,4 • 39,0 37,8 - 38,4 37,8 • 38,3 37,4 - 38,4
Tin sd hA htfp ( l l n / p h u t ) Trung binh
1 6 , 6 ' ± 0 , 8 1 4 , 5 ' ± 0 , 6 1 2 , 6 ' ± 0 , 7 11,4' ± 0,5
MIn-Max 1 5 - 1 9 1 4 - 1 6 1 0 - 1 5 1 0 - 1 3
T<natftlm(lln/phlil) Trung binh
77,7" ± 4 , 1 62,6' ± 2,6 63,0" ± 3,4 51,5' ± 3,2
MIn-Max 7 2 - 8 4 5 8 - 6 8 5 9 - 6 8 4 6 - 5 7 Ghi chu: Min: gia tri thdp nhdt; Max: gid tri cao nhdt; ", *. ^ chi gid trf khdc nhau (trong cdng mot cgt) coy nghia thong ke (P < 0,05)
Kit qua thu dugc cho thdy thdn nhi^t cua ngya bach dao dgng trong khodng 37,4 - 39°C.
Trong dd, nhi$t dp trung binh cua ngya so sinh cao nhdt, trung binh 38,63"C, dao dpng trong khodng 38,4 - 39''C. Dilu ndy cd thi dugc gidi thich do ngya so sinh dang trong giai dogn sinh trudng vd phdt triln mgnh, qud trinh trao ddi chdt dien ra mgnh mg nen than nhi^t cua chung cao hon. Nhdm ngya 1 ndm tudi vd 1,5 - 2,5 ndm tudi cd than nhi?t gidm ddn (tuong irng Id 38"C vd 37,85''C). Nhdm ngya m? Igi cd thdn nhi^t trung binh cao hon cd thi do mgt s l cd the thupc nhdm ndy dang d giai dogn ddu ciia qud trinh mang thai ndn qud trinh trao dii chdt dien ra mgnh han, than nhi?t tdng. Nghifin ciiru trudc day (Andersson vd Jonasson, 1993) cho
thdy ngya trudng thdnh cd nhi^t dp tryc trang trung binh 3 7 , 8 ^ , dao dOng tii 37,3 - 38^*^.
Than nhi^t cua ngya bgch trong nghite cihi ciia chung tdi cung ndm trong khoang ndy.
Tdn so hd hdp cua ngya bgch dao d$ng ^ 10-19 idn/phiit. Ngya con cd tdn sd hd h ^ cao nhdt (16,6 idn/phut), sau dd gidm ddn theo lua tudi, d ngya 1 ndm tudi, ngya choai va ngya cai trudng thdnh ldn lugt Id 14,5 idn/phiSt, 12,6 Idn/
phiit vd 11,4 idn/phiit.
Tdn sd tim ngya b^ch bom mdu 46 - 72 \hl phiit. Ngya eon cd tdn s l tim cao nhdt (tnmg binh 77,7 lan/phiit), gidm ddn theo Iiia tuli, d ngya trudng thdnh chi cdn 51,5 lan/phiit. Khdng cd sy sai khdc giita tdn so hd hap cua ngya mdi cai sCta vd ngya choai.
68
KHOA HQC KY THU^T THO Y TAP XX S6 1 - 2013
3.2. Ket quii nghiSn cilii ni$t s6 chi ti^u sinh \f mini ciia ng^'a b^ch 3.2.1. Chl tiiu vi hdng ciu
Ket qui dupe trinh My d b ^ g 2.
Bing 2. M$t s£ chi tliu h6ng du da ngi/a b^ch theo cic nh6m tu j l
Nhom ngi/a
< 2 thang 1 tudi 1,5-2,5 tuSi
4-8 tudi
n 10 10 10 10
RBC (trl«u/mm') 8,52'±0,80 7,97' ± 0,93 7,37' ± 0,92 5,04' ± 0,23
HOT
(%)
54,32" ±5,18 54,76- ± 6,23 53,17-±5,92 44,24' ± 2,46
MCV (fl) 63,90' ± 3,56 68,74' ± 2,40 72,33' ± 3,62 87,70' ± 0,99 Ghi chd: n. so ngi^ nghien ciru: RBC, so lugmg hong cdu co trong Imm^ mdu; HCT. phdn trdm the tich hong cdu trong mdu; MCV, the tich trung binh hdng cdu tinh bdng (dom vffemtoli (fl) co gid tri bdngl 0-15 lit;", *,', "^ chi gid trj (trong citng mgt cgt) khdc nhau co y nghta thong ke (P< 0,05)
Ket qud bdng 2 cho thdy: Sd lugng hdng cdu trung binh d ngya sa sinh dudi 2 thdng tudi cao nhdt (8,52 tri?u/mm^ mdu), d nhdm 1 ndm tudi va 1,5 - 2,5 ndm tuoi Idn lugt Id 7,97 vd 7,37 tri?u/
mm' mau. Nhdm ngya m? cd s l lugng hdng cau thdp nhdt (5,04 tri$u/mm'mdu). Ngya con dudi 2 thdng tudi dang trong thdi ki smh trudng phat trien manh, chiing cdn nhieu 0 „ ndng lugng vd cac chdt dinh dudng khdc de cung cdp cho qud trinh sinh tdng hgp xdy dyng vd phdt trien ca th6.
Do dd so lugng hdng cdu Idn de ddm bdo cung cdp OJ va vdn ehuyen cdc chdt dinh dudng. Theo ddi cdng thiic mdu ciia 147 ngya, Jain (1986) cho bilt sd lugng hdng cdu Id 6,8 - 12,9 trieu/
mm^ mdu vd till tich trung binh hdng edu la 37 - 59 fl. Nhu vdy sd lugng hdng cdu trong mdu ngya nhdm sa sinh, nhdm 1 ndm tudi vd 1,5 - 2,5 nam tudi diu phu hgp vdi ket qud nghiSn curu ciia Jain.
Theo cdc nghien cuu cua Folch vd cs (1997), French va Patrich (1995), d thdi ki mang thai, vai tudn sau khi de va trong thdi gian cho con bii, cdc chi tieu sd lugng hdng cdu va dung tich hdng
cdu cua ngya cdi diu cd xu hudng thdp hon binh thudng. Kit qud nghiSn cihi ciia chiing tdi thing nhdt vdi kit ludn cua cac tdc gid trSn.
Ty 1? phdn tram the tich huyit cdu In dinh d cdc nhdm tudi sa sinh, 1 nam tuli vd 1,2 - 2,5 ndm tudi (khodng 54%). Sang giai doan trudng thdnh, d nhdm ngya cdi sinh sdn, ty I^ ndy chi cdn 44,24%, thdp hon nhilu so vdi cdc nhdm mdi khdc.
Ciing qua ket qua d bang 2 cho thdy the rich trung binh cua hdng edu tdng ddn theo sy trudng thanh ve the chdt, tir giai doan so sinh, sau cai sOa, choai cho din khi trudng thanh, chi sd nay Idn lugt la 63,9 fl, 68,74 fl, 72,33 fl vd 87,7 fl.
3.2.2. Chitieu vehuyitsdctd
Cdc chi tieu v6 huyit sdc td Id ca sd quan trgng de ddnh gid tinh trgng siic kho6 con vdt, the hi$n trung thyc nhdt tinh trgng thieu mdu, ddc bi^t Id do cdc nguyen nhdn gay thieu mau mgn tinh. Ket qua x6t nghiSm dugc thi hi?n d bdng 3.
KHOA H p c KY THUAT THP Y TAP XX SO 1 - 2013
Bing 3. M$t set chi tIAu yi huyit ale ttf trong miu ngi/a b;ch
Nhdm ngt^a
< 2 tliang 1 tudi 1,5-2,5 ludi
4 - 8 tudi
Sd ngt/a theodSI 10 10 10 10
HQB (g/l) 110,40-±10,7 110,02'±13,84 103,95'±10,96 87,44' ± 6,42
MCH (pg) 13,00" ±0,71
13,76'±0,4 14,81'±0,64 17,34'±0.31
MCHC (g/l) 203,40 ±1,14 200,40 1 4,56 199,50 ±2,34 197,80 ±2,28 Ghi chu: HGB: so gam Hb co Irong I lit mdu: MCH: lu^ng Hb trung btnh trong 1 hong cdu; MCHC:
ndng dg huyet sdc to trung binh; ", ^ '', "^ chi gid tri (trong citng mgt cgt) khdc nhau cd y nghTa thong ke(P<0.05)
Hdm lugng huyit sdc to trung binh trong mdu ngya bgch gidm ddn theo tuli ciia ngya; d ngya con dudi 2 thdng tudi, ty 1^ ndy Id 110,4 g/I trong khi ngya cdi trudng thdnh chi cdn 87,44g/l.
Ngugc Igi, lugng huyit sdc to trung binh trong mpt hdng cau Igi tdng len theo tudi vd dao d$ng tvr 13,0 - 17,43pg. Dilu ndy hodn todn phii hgp vdi sy tdng Ien ve thS tich ciia hdng cau vd nghidn cuu cua Harvey vd cs (1984) cho bilt lugng
huyit sdc t l trung binh hing cdu ciia ngya trong nghiSn ciru ciia tdc gid ndm trong khodng 13 - 23 pg. GiO'a cdc nhdm ngya nghien ciru, ning d$
huyit sdc t l trung binh hong cdu hdu nhu khdng thay dii, ndm trong khodng 197,8 - 203,4g/l.
3.2.3. M0t sS chi tiiu vi bgch cdu Kit qud xit nghidm dugc thi h i ^ d bdng 4.
Bdng 4. S6 lUgng b^ch c&u trong mdu ngi/a b^ch theo cdc nhdm tu6i
Nhdm ngi/a
< 2 thang 1 tudi 1,5 - 2,5 tudi
4 - 8 tudi
Sd ngUa theo do!
10 10 10 10
WBC (nghln/mm') 10,72'±2.51 14,88* ±2,01 12,97'±0.82 10,59'±1,49
Max (nghln/mm')
7,68 12,7 11,9 8,86
Min (nghln/mm^)
14 18,2 13,8 12,9 Ghi chu: WBC, so lufmg cdc logi bgch cdu co trong Imm^ mdu; ', *," chl gid trj khdc nhau (trong ciing mgt cgt) coy nghta thdng ke(P< 0,05)
Ket qud bdng 4 cho tiiay so lugng bgch cdu trong mdu ngya bgch biln dpng trong khodng 8,86 - 18,2 nghin/mm' mdu, cao nhdt d ngya 1 ndm tuoi (14,88 nghin/mm'), sau dd Id ngya 1,5 - 2,5 tuli (12,97 nghln/mm'). Khdng cd sy khdc bi?t ve mdt thdng ke giita ngya so sinh vd ngya cdi trudng tiidnh (Idn lugt Id 10,72 vd 10,59 nghin/mm'). Ket qud ndy phii hpp vdi nghifin ciru cuaHarveyvdcs (1984): sd lugng bgch cdu
tdng so ciia ngya dao dgng tfr 5.010 - 14.970/
mm' mdu.
Theo chiing tdi, nhdm ngya so sinh dudi 2 thdng tuli do vin dugc bdo v^ bdi klidng thi thy dpng truyen qua sXta. ddu, ngya cd chl d$ dinh dudng tit, chdm sdc tgi chudng kin gid, sgch sS, it dugc tiip xuc vdi mdm b$nh d mdi trudng 4j chdn tiid ty nhiSn nen sd lugng bgch cdu thdp.^
Ngugc Igi, ngya m$t ndm tuoi mdi cai sfia, duyc
KHOA HQC KY THUAT TWO Y TAP XX S6 1 - 2013
chdn thd dgc Igp, Igi dang trong qud trinh sinh tnidng mgnh, h# thdng miln djch vin dang trong qud trinh hoan thi^n, hon nQa ngya con phdi ddi mdt vdi sy thay ddi vl chl dO chdm sdc vd nhilu dilu ki^n ngogi cdnh bdt Igi khdc ngn so lugng bach cdu tdng cao, dilu dd dd phdn dnh sdt thyc nhu cau phdng v? ciing nhu xdy dyng h$ thong miln djch d giai dogn ndy. Ngya trudng tiidnh dd thich nghi vdi ngoai cdi^, h$ miln djch dd phdt triln hodn thi^n do dd s l lugng bgch cdu Iiic ndy khd on djnh vd thdp nhdt. Khdng phdi sd lugng bgch cdu ting s l tiidp nhdt trong mdu dong nghta
vdi vi^c kha ndng phdng v^ ciia ngya bgch Id k^m nhdt, d h | thdng mien dich cua ngya giai doan ndy, cdc thdnh phdn cua h^ thdng mien djch dd ehuyen nghiep han, tinh vi ban, chiing cd till tdng nhanh sd lugng bach cdu khi cdn thiet, cdc logi bgch cau cQng dugc sdn xuat ra kjp thdi vd ddc hi?u ban.
Trong so cdc chi tifiu huyit hgc, cdng thuc bgch edu Id chi sd till hi^n ty I^ phdn trdm cua tOmg loai bgch edu cd trong mdu. Ket qud xdc dinh cdng thuc bgch edu ciia ti^g nhdm ngya bgch dugc trinh bdy d bdng 5:
Bdng 5. Cdng thiirc b^ch du ciia ngxfa b^ch theo cdc nhdm tu6i
Nh6m ngi,ra
< 2 t h i n g 1 tudi 1,5-2,5 tudi
4 - 8 tudi
Neu. (%) 6 1 , 9 4 ' ± 6 , 7 4 39,58'±6,16 39,03' ± 4,63 52,86'±10,3
Lym. (%) 3 1 , 2 8 ' ± 9 , 4 51,64'±6,12 53,28" ±5,18 35,74' ± 7,6
Mono. (%) 5,77 ±1,92 5,75 ± 0,98 5,64 ±1,03 6,65 ±1,12
Eos.(%) 0,28' ± 0,35 1,34'±0,53 1,37'±0,59 3,48" ± 2,22
Baso. (%) 0,70' ± 0,45
1,7'±0,41 0,65' ± 0,29 0,46' ± 0,29 Ghi chii: Neu, bgch cdu da nhdn trung tinh; Lym; bgch cdu lympho; Mono, bgch cdu dem nhdn lan;
Eos, bgch cdu di toan; Baso, bgch cdu di kiem.", *, •• chi gid tri khdc nhau (trong ciing mgt cgt) co y nghta thdng ke (P < 0,05)
Kit qud bdng 5 eho thdy ty I? phan trdm eua bgch cdu da nhdn tnmg tfnh d ngya bach thay ddi theo tudi ngya, dao dpng trong khodng 39,03 - 61,94%. Vdi bgch cdu lympho, don nhan, di toan vd di kilm, ty I? ndy Idn lugt la 31,28 - 53,28%, 5,64 - 6,65%, 0,28 - 3,48%, 0,48 - 1,70%.
Nhu vdy, d ngya bgch so sinh dudi 2 thdng tudi, ty le bgch da nhdn trung tinh cao nhdt (61,94%), dilu ndy phdn ndo phan dnh vai trd quan trpng cua hogt dgng tieu thyc bdo di dpng trong giai dogn ndy. Ty 1$ ndy sau do gidm ddn khi ngya chuyin sang giai dogn cai siia vd ngya choai (khodng 39%), din giai doan trudng tiidnh, khi ngya cai mang thai vd nudi con, ty 1? ndy Igi tang Idn dat khodng 52,86%. Ngya sau cai sfta vd ngya choai 1,5 - 2,5 tudi Igi cd ty 1§ bgch cdu lympho cao nhdt (Idn lugt 51,64% vd 53,28%).
So vdi ngya d giai dogn sa sinh va sinh san, ty le ndy tdng nhanh rS r^t, nd phdn dnh xdc thyc
sy phdt trien, hoan thien he thong mien dich dich the ciing nhu mien dich te bao (bach cdu lympho ddng vai trd chinh) cua ngya bgch trong giai doan nay.
Theo Tanya vd Shane (2000), bgch cdu trung tinh bdt dau gidm tir khi so sinh den khoang 10 thdng tudi vd sau dd tdng len gid tri dn dinh ciia lodi vao giai doan trudng thanh, trong khi lympho bdo lai thap nhat vdo liic so sinh sau dd tdng ddn den gid tri dn dinh ciia lodi khi ngya dugc khodng 1 nam tudi, sau dd gidm ddn den tudi trudng thdnh trong khi sd bgch cdu trung tinh vdn khdng ddi. Kit qud nghien cuu cua chiing tdi Id hodn todn phii hgp cdng bd ndy. Ket qud ciing cho tfady ty le bgch cdu ai toan tdng ddn flieo tudi, dao dgng tii 0,28 - 3,48%. Dilu ndy cd the do nguy ca nhiem ky sinh triing ciia ngya ciing tdng theo tudi, trong khi do bach cau ai toan dgc trung cho khd nang diet ky sinh trung nen
KHOA HOC KY THUAT THC Y TAP XX S6 1 - 2013
vi§c tSng bjch cJu ii toan 14 c4n thi&. Ban cfinh (56 ty I? dfi dure b4o bn djnh tir giai ilo(in so sinh cho d^n khi trudng thinh.
Chi^m t^ 1$ thdp nh& trong cdng thilc miu ngvta bach li b?ch cSu ii Iciim, tj 1| niy cao nhit 6 ngva trong giai doan sau cai stta (I nfim tuAi) chi^m 1,70%, ft cic giai doan khic ty l | niy trung binh dufti 0,7%. Theo Harvey vi cs (1984), *
ngvra bach bach ciu da nhin tnmg tinh c h i ^ t^
1^: 21 - 69%; bjch ciu lympho chi&n 41 - 77%;
cic lo^i khic c h i ^ ty 1$ nhd g6m bach ciu don nhin I6n, bach ciu ii toan, bach ciu ii kiem vii cic ty 1$ tircmg ilng li: 0 - 2%; 0 - 7% v i 0 - 2%.
3.2.4. CM liiu tliu ciu
Kk qui xit nghidm duc>c th^ hi$n A bing 6.
Bing 6. Chl tIAu vi tilu ciu trong miu ngUa bfch
Nhdm ngi,ra
< 2 thang 1 tudi 1,5-2,5 tudi
4 - 8 tudi
Sd con thao d&l 5 5 6 5
Sd lUdng tliu c i u (nghln/mm*) 384,4 ± 87,7 289 ± 38,8 300,5 ± 39,7
247 ± 62
M I n - M a x 278 - 501 232 - 340 2 3 4 . 335 1 4 8 - 3 1 5
MPV (11) 7,96 8,06 7,61 7,86 Ghi chu: MPV: the tich trung binh cua tiiu cdu
Ket qud bang 6 cho thdy, sd lugng tilu cdu trong mdu ngya bgch d cdc giai doan biln d^ng trong khodng 148 - 501 nghin/mm'. So lugng nay cd xu hudng gidm ddn theo tudi, cao nhdt d ngya so sinh 384,4 nghin/mm', ngya 1 ndm tuoi va 1,5 - 2,5 ndm tudi ed sd lugng tieu cdu tuong duang nhau. Nhdm ngya m? cd sd lugng tilu cdu thdp nhdt 247 nghJn/mm'.
Thi tich trung binh tilu cau trong mau ngya bgch giiia cac nhdm tudi tuong ddi ddng diu dao dpng trong khodng 7,61 - 8,06 fl. Kit qud nay phu hgp vdi nghien cuu ciia Giordano va cs.
(2008), theo tac gid nay, till tich tilu cdu ngya
dao dOng trong khodng 5,6 - 8,3 fl.
3.3. Kfch thuth; t l bdo mdu ngv^ b^ch Cdc t l bdo mdu dugc do d dg phdng dai 1000 Idn, ty 1^ tuang quan giiia kich thudc thdt vd kich thudc tren dnh d dg phan gidi 2048:1536 pixel ndy Id 1,031:1. trong mSi nhdm ngya lay mdu d 2 con, mii con chgn ldy 2 tieu bdn diSn hinh, trdn mii tidu ban, vdi mSi loai t l bdo mau do ngau nhien kfch thudc 5 tl bao. Rieng tl bao di kilm do s l tugng it nen chiing tdi chi quan sat dugc 21 tibdo.
Kit qud xdc djnh dugc trinh bdy d bdng 7.
Bdng 7. Kich tht/dc cdc t^ bdo mdu ciia ngi/a b^ch
T J b i o n KIch thudc
(nm) Dudng kinh
(um)
Hdng c l u 80 5,7 ± 0,07
4,7 - 7,3 Al kilm
21 12,4 ±0,27
11,3-14,4 Al toan
80 12,2 ±
0,18 9,8-19,6
Da n h i n trung tinh
80 1 1 , 7 ± 0 , 1 4
8,8-15,5
Ddn n h i n Idn 80 14,9 ±0,19 12,4-18,6
Bach c l u lympho Ldn
80 10,8 ±0,15
9,3-15,5 N h i
80 6,9 ± 0,2 5,7 - 9,3 Ghi chu: N: so te bdo do kich thuac
KHOA HQC KY THU^T T H C Y T ^ P XX S 6 1 - 2Q13
Kit qua cho thdy, dudng kinh hdng cdu mdu ngogi vi ngya bgch biln ddi trong khodng 4,7 - 7,3 pm, trung binh 5,7 pm. Trong nhdm bgch cdu cd hat, bach cdu di kiem ed dudng kinh dao dOng tii 12,4 - 14,4 pm, trung binh 13,1 pm.
Bgch cdu trung tfnh kfch thudc dao dpng tir 8,8 -15,5 ^m, trung binh 11,7 pm. Bgch cdu di toan de nhan bilt vdi cdc hgt ddc hi^u to bdt mau dd trong bao tuong cd dudng kinh dao dpng ldn nhdt, trong khodng 9,8 - 19,6 pm, trung binh 12,2 pm.
d nhdm bgch cdu khdng hgt, bgch edu dan nhdn Idn cd kich thudc ldn, nhdn hinh mdng ngya, bao tuang xanh xdm nhgt, nhdn nhgt mdu hon nhdn bgch cdu trung tinh nhan du, nhan gdy vdi kich thudc dao dgng tir 12,4 - 18,6 pm, dudng kinh trung binh ItSm nhdt trong sd cdc logi bgch cdu 14,9 pm. Trong khi dd, bgch cau lympho CO dudng kinh biln dgng khd ldn tu 5,7 - 15,5 pm, dugc chia ldm 2 nhdm, bach cau lympho nhd la nhiing tl bdo cd nhdn nhd, dam mau, bdo tucmg it, bdt mdu di kilm nh? (mdu xanh xam) cd dudng kinh trung binh 6,9 pm, dao ddng tii 5,7-9,3 pm va bach cdu lympho ldn cd nhan nhgt mau hon, kich thudc ldn ban, dudng kinh tnmg binh 10,8 pm, dao dpng trong khodng 9,3-15,5 pm.
IV. K E T L U A N
- Than nhi?t ciia ngya bgch dao dpng trong khoang 37,4 - 39°C; tdn sd hd hdp vd tdn sd tim gidm ddn theo tudi, cao nhdt d ngya dudi 2 thdng tuli, sau do gidm ddn theo miic dp trudng thdnh.
- Sd lugng hdng cdu, ty khdi huyet cau gidm ddn theo tudi trong khi the tich trung binh hdng cdu tdng theo tudi. Ty le phdn tram thd tich huyit edu d ngya 4 - 8 tudi thdp han edc nhdm tuli khac.
- Hdm lugng huyit sac td trung binh trong mdu ngya bach giam ddn theo tudi ngya. Ngugc Igi, lugng huyit sdc td trung bmh trong mdt hing cdu Igi tang lgn theo tudi.
- Sd lugng bgch edu eao nhdt d ngya khodng I ndm tuli. Bgch cau trung tfnh chilm tJ I?
cao nhdt d ngya dudi 2 thdng tuoi vd ngya sinh sdn (4 din 8 ndm) trong khi bgch cdu lympho chilm da so d ngya sau cai sfia vd ngya choai.
Sl lugng tilu edu dao dpng trong khodng 148 - 501 nghin/mm', thi tich trung binh tilu cdu ndm trong khodng 7,61 - 8,06 fl.
- Dudng kfnh trung binh cOa hong cdu vd cdc logi bgch cdu di toan, di kilm, trung tfnh, don nhdn, lympho ldn, lympho nhd ldn lugt Id 5,7 pm vd 12,4 pm, 12,2 pm, 11,7 pm, 14,9 pm, 10,8 pmvd 6,9 pm.
TAI LI$U THAM K H A O 1 Andersson B.E. and Jonasson H. (1993)
Temperature regulation and environmental physiology. In Duke's Physiology of Domestic Animal II* edition Cornell University Press.
2. Folch P, Jordana J, Cuenca R. (1997). Reference ranges and the influence of age and sex on haematological values of the endangered Catalonian donkey. Veterinary Journal 154, 163-- 168.
3. Giordano A, Rossi G, Pieralisi C, et al. (2008).
Evaluation of equine hemograms using the ADVIA 120 as compared with an impedance counter and manual differential count. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 37, 21-30.
4. Harvey R.B., Hambright M.B., Rowe L.D.
(1984). Clinical biochemical and hematologic values of the American Miniature Horse, American Journal of Veterinary Research 45, 987-990.
5. Jain N.C. (1986). Schalm's Veterinary Hematology. 4* ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
u. Tanya M.G. and Shane FD. (2000) Normal hematology of the horse and donkey. Current Opinions in Hematology 7, 3-8.
Nhan ngay: 20-10-2012 Phdn bien ngay: 1-11-2012
