NGHIEN Ctru THl/C TIEN GIAO DUC
He thdng danh gia nang life dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai Viet Nam
Nguyen fliilc Ca\ Hoang Thj Minh Anh^
^ Email; nguveiducca.21 05.201 B(,^,,.._
^ Email: anglespans2001@yalioo,com Vien Klioa hgc GiSo due Viet Nam 101 Iran HUng Dao, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
TOM TAT: He thing dinh gii ning lUc theo tieu chuin quoc tiphii dUOc quan triet trong toan the cac cin bd, giio vien. cdng nhan vien va sinh vien nha trudng. He thong dinh gii ning lUc dao tao, huin luyen Hang hii nhit dinh phii cd bg phan chuyen trich dUdi sU lanh dao true tiip cua hidu trudng. Bg phin nay lim nhiem vu theo doi viec trien khaj he thing danh gia, kiem tra, glim sat qui trinh thuc hien cic quy trinh de td do de ra cic yeu cau cii tien. Dinh ki to chdc tU danh gii nang lUc vi chit luang dio tao, huin luydn Hing hii lim cO sd de lanh dao nhi trudng cd nhdng giii phip phu hop trong viec bo td cic nguon IUc sao cho hieu qui hdn, nham tdng budc nang cao chit lUOng dio tao, huin luyen trong nha trUdng. Bii viit dS cap din cic ndi dung: ThUc trang he thong danh gii nang lUc dio tao, huin luyen Hang hii hien nay; Nguyen tac danh gii nang lUc dio tao, huan luyen; PhUOng phip dinh gii nang lUc dao tao, huan luyen; Xiy dung he thong va mdt so kit luan ve he thdng danh gii ning lUc dio tao, huan luyen Hang hii Viet Nam.
lii KHOA: Oanh gia; nang IUc; Sao tao; huan luyen; Hang hdi.
•¥ Nhan bai 21/02/2020 •> NhSn bai da chinh su'a 30/3/2020 -^ Duyet dang 24/4/2020,
1 . Dat v a n d e
Danh gia nang luc thuyen vien qua dao tao, huan luyen, bang mpt hay nhieu hinh thiic kliac nhau, can bo danh gia phai dua ra dugc ban nhan xet chi tiet ve nang lire cua thuyen vien mot each chinh xae xem co dti kT nang va kt xao de hoan thanh nhiem vu "Dam bao an toan sinh mang va tai san tren bien" so voi tieu chuan nang luc toi thieu (minimum standard requyrements) dugc ghi trong Cong udc STCW78/2010 (Ngu6n; The Intemational Convention on Standard of Traming, Certification and Watchkeeping for seafarers STCW:
Cong udc Quoe te ve cac Tieu chuan Huan luyen cap bang va True ca eho Thuyen vien (STCW 78/2010, Ban hanh nam 1978; Siia doi bo sung nam 2010). Ngoai ra, cac ean bo danh gia co the can cii vao tinh hinh thue te, yeu cku cxi the ciia eae cong ty sii dung thuyen vien de danh gia rang, thuyen vien dugc dao tao, hukn luyen CO dap ling dii nhttng yeu cau, doi hoi hay khong. Tieu ehu§n de danh gia hay ehuan mue dk danh gia nang lire dao tao, huln luyen dua vao cac dieu khoan bat buoe, dugc thuc hien theo C6ng ucrc STCW78/2010. Thong qua he thSng danh gia nang luc theo tieu chuan quoc te, giiip cho cae truang Hang hai Viet Nam ra soat lai toan bg he th6ng dao tao, hu4n luyen Hang hai hien tai dk tir do xay dung nen nhiing quy trinh ehuan eho cac boat dgng quan li ciia minh.
2 . N p i d u n g n g h i e n cCTu
2.1. ThUc trang he thong danh gia nang life dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai hien nay
Qua tim hieu tai Cue Hang hai Viet Nam, chiing toi nit ra mgt so ngi dung sau:
- The le thi cu va cac quan he xa hgi truyen thong ciia Viet Nam phiic tap dan den anh huong nhieu den thi - kiem tra.
- Thoi lupng su dung cho thi qua dai, trong khi do thai lugng cho dao tao, huan luyen lai it (xet trong chuang trinh dao tao eiia Truang Dai hgc (DH) Hang hai).
- Phong trao thanh tieh trong dao tao, giao due anh huong rat Ion den chat lupng huan luyen.
- Tht dat chat lugng cao, song nhi6u cong ty sii dung nhung hgc vien ra tnrong lai phai dao tao va huSn luyen lai. DiSu nay dat ra cau hoi rit Ion cho vlec dao tao, huin luyen va viec thi - kiem tra hien nay.
- Mpt s6 it cong ty mygn dung thuySn vien trong nu6c chl chii trgng dSn s6 lugng vi muc dich dii quan s6 ma khong chu y den chit lugng thuygn vien. Trong trucmg hgp qua ckn Xhuykn vieii dk d\ku dgng xuong tau thi mot s6 dan vi san xuat lai doc thuc co so dao tao huin luyen xiic tien nhanh, vi th8 cung lam cho nSno \^Q ^^Q {^Q huan luyen giam.
- He thong danh gia nang lire dao tao > a hukn luyen Hang hai VietNam hien nay co nhieu bit i.^p .-j mgi co so dao tao. Hoat dpng danh gia tai ca so dao - • chua mane tinh dpc lap, ngi dung ehuang trinh danh g, ,--,,, ih6ne 48 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
Nguyen Dilfc Ca, Ho^ng Thi Minh Anh
nhit.Tieu chi danh gia khong d6ng dSu. Hinh thiic danh gia dem dieu, hien tugng tieu cue trong thi - kiem tra khong it, Nhung digu do lam cho kit qua danh gia khong chinh xae (Ngu6n: Cue Hang hai Viet Nam, 2019).
2.2. Nguyen tac danh gia nang li/c dao tao, huan luyen Khi tien hanh danh gia nang luc dao tao, huan luyen, phai can cii va dira vao mgt so nguyen tac sau:
- Danh gia diing d6i tu'png. Danh gia phai bao gom m6t loat cac kl nBng va kien thtic du d6 chiing minh nang lire sau dao tao, huan luyen.
- Danh gia ve nang luc phai la mgt qua trinh tieh hgp kiSn thiic va kT nang vo'i cac iing dung thuc te (Tieu chi dat dugc sau dao tao, huan luyen).
- Trong qua trinh danh gia, viec phan doan de xae dinh nang luc dao tao, huan luyen nen dupc thuc hien dua tren nhung chiing eii so lieu thu thap dugc trong mpt so tinh huong, ngu canh va phai phu hgp theo tieu chuan ciia "Ngi dung chuang trinh dao tao, huan luyen" da va dang ap dung.
- Danh gia thuc tien can dugc theo doi va xem xet de dam bao rang, eo su nhat quan trong viec thu thap va phan tich cac bang chiing.
- Cac giam dinh vien (dgi ngu danh gia nang luc dao tao, huan luyen) phai c6 dii kha nang dua tren eae nang lire thuc hien ciia quoc gia danh cho ngucri giam dinh ve nang lire dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai.
- Danh gia, bao phii toan bp qua trinh dao tao, huan luyen, gom: Danh gia dau vao; Danh gia qua trinh dao tao, huan luyen.
- Quy trinh danh gia phai dua den eho doi tugng dugc danh gia khi hp yeu cau, tuan theo quy trinh danh gia ciia ISO 9001,
- Thu tuc danh gia phai dupc thuc hien de doi tugng dugc danh gia co the truy cap nhara gnip cho doi tupng nay co the de dang tien hanh chuyen tiep tir nang luc nay sang nang lire khae.
- Cac phuang phap va thirc hanh danh gia (chgn phuang phap danh gia) phai phu hgp va dam bao tinh cong bang eho tat ca cac doi tugng dugc danh gia. Nen CO mpt phuang phap tiep can doi vai viec danh gia. Qua trinh danh gia phai nhan dugc su phdi hgp phat trien/
dong y gifta nguoi giam dinh (nguai danh gia) va nguai duge danh gia.
- Thii tuc danh gia va cac tieu chi de danh gia phai dugc thuc hien ro rang cho tat ca cac doi tu'png dugc danh gia.
- Cung cap CO hgi cho doi tugng dugc danli gia de lip CO the thach thiic nang luc ciia minh,
- Ghi nhan va luu gift ket qua danh gia nang lire dao tao, huan luyen.
Tieu chuan ve kT nang nghe nghiep va nang lue chuyen mon de danh gia nang luc va ehat lugng thuy6n vien phai
dua tren ca so cac doi hoi bit bupe qu6c tg (Intemational Obligations). Vi du: STCW78/2010; ILO (Intemational Labour Organization) Certification of Able Seamen Convention; ILO Vocational Training (Seafarers) Recommendation - 1970; ITU Radio Regulations...).
Kinh nghiem eua Nhat Ban cho thay, ton tai mgt nhom danh gia vien cho toan quoe. Nhom danh gia vien dupc dao tao mgt each bai ban, dam bao dugc su thong nhit v6 chat lupng danh gia cho toan bp he th6ng dao tao huin luyen Hang hai. Uu diem cua "he thong" nay bat bupe mo hinh dao tao, huan luyen phai co su thong nhat ve npi dung va chuan mue tieu chi danh gia. Nhu vay, se eiing eo va nang cao dupe nang luc dao tao eua tat ea cae co sa hien co, dam bao su cong bang cho nguai hgc va tao niem tin eho eae ea quan sii dung thuyen vien [I], [2].
2.3. PhiTtfng phap danh gia nang life dao tao, iiuan luyen Phuang phap danh gia la each thiic thu nhan thong tin ve nang lire thuc hien cac tieu ehi da dugc dat ra sau khi hoan thanh khoa dao tao, huan luyen. Nhftng each thiic thu nhan thong tin co the la:
- Thu nhan thong tin phan hoi va thanh qua lao dpng tir cac CO so doanh nghiep, bai vi do la nai sir dung cac san pham ciia qua trinh dao tao, huan luyen.
- Xem xet kha nang thue hanh cae cong viec thuc tien eua cae doi tugng da dupe dao tao, huan luyen (hpe vien, sinh vien).
- Dira vao ket qua thi, kiem tra sat hach trire tiep doi vai cac hgc vien, sinh vten.
Thong thuang, d6 xem xet nang luc dao tao huan luyen thi bang phuang phap thi, kilm tra sat hach trirc tiep doi vai nguai hpe la nhanh nhat de ngay sau do co ket qua va neu can thi sira doi hoae dieu chinh lai qua trinh dao tao huan luyen.
Cho dil thue hien danh gia nang lire dao tao, huan luyen bang phuang phap nao thi ciing phai tien hanh mgt each nghiem tiic va ehat ehe. Nhirng van de can phai luu y khi tien hanh danh gia nang luc dao tao, huan luyen nhu sau:
- Dinh nghTa ve danh gia.
- Nam dugc cac tieu chuan, tieu chi danh gia nang lue dao tao, huan luyen,
- Mue dieh danh gia la nhin nhan ra dugc nhung hieu qua va nang lue ciia cac miic so vai cae tieu chuan sau khi dao tao, huan luyen.
- Danh gia dugc trinh do, miic dp am hieu kien thiic, kT nang thuc hanh va nang luc lam viec cua nguai hpc sau khi dugc dao tao, huan luyen.
- Viec danh gia phai chinh xae, khach quan tren nhieu khia canh,
- Dgi ngu danh gia phai eo nhQ'ng thong tin day du ve nhiem vu va trach nhiem cua minh, hieu nhiing chi tiet vk dinh huang ciia khau dao tao, huan luyen.
So 28 thang 4/2030 49
NGHIEN c a u THirCTliN GIAO DUC
- Tiep thu nhimg phan hoi hi phia nguai hpc va ca sa sir dung lao dpng.
- Sil' dung cac dieu khoan thugc ea che, chinh saeh quoe gia, cac tieu ehuan ve nang luc dao tao ket hgp vai nhimg doi hoi nang luc toi thieu (minimum competence requyrements) cua Cong ucrc Quoc tk.
KI thuat danh gia va kiem soat nang luc dao tao, huin luyen (thugc ve nang luc ciia danh gia vien) nhu sau:
Nhiem vu va trach nhiem cua danh gia vien; Danh gia dao tao, huan luyen tren tau (tren phuang tien huin luyen); Nhan xet va danh gia lai cae tieu chuan dao tao, huanluyen[l], [3], [4].
2.4. Xay diTng he thong danh gia nang life dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai
2.4.1, Ooi ngu danh gia
D6i ngii danh gia la nhom can bg thuge chuyen nganh Hang hai, duge ca so dao tao hoae co quan quan U Nha nucrc tien cir va thanh lap. Nhom nguai nay (cac danh gia viSn) c6 nhiem vu kiem tra, nhan dinh ve nang luc thuyen vien da qua dao tao, huan luyen va xem xet rang nhiing nguai da dupe dao tao, huan luyen eo dii mire dp hieu biet, nang luc thuc hien eae eong viec tren tau theo tieu ehi, chuan muc da dat ra hay khong.
Thdnh phdn ciia ddi ngii ddnh gid, gom: Dai dien eiia To dao tao, Vu To chiic Can bg, Bg Giao thong Van tai;
Dai dien la mpt so giao vien, huin luyen vien ciia cac ea so dao tao huin luyen Hang hai dupe lua chpn; Dai dien CO so san xuat duai su chi dinh ciia Bg Giao thong Van tai. Nhom nay hoat dgng ducri sir chi dao thong nhit ciia Bp Giao thong Van tai.
Tieu chudn ciia doi ngd ddnh gid: Co dii trinh dp chuyen mon va eo so ca ban; Am hiSu nghg nghiep; Da qua cong tae diing chuygn nganh; Nam vimg tieu chi, tieu chuan danh gia; Biet va hieu ro quy trinh danh gia; Hieu ro doi tugng danh gia; Duge chinh quygn thira nhan nang luc danh gia; Danh gia chinh xae chit lugng dao tao, huin luyen; Phai c6 trinh dp kien thiic phii hgp va sir hieu bigt vg kha nang duge danh gia, tire la phai higu bilt dupc doi tugng dg danh gia; Co du trinh dp nghiep vu cho viec danh gia; Nhan dugc sir huang din ve phucmg phap va thuc tign danh gia; Dat dugc kinh nghiem danh gia thuc tien; Ngu nhu viec danh gia c6 sir dung mo phong thi phai CO kinh nghiem danh gia thuc tg trgn loai mo phong eu thg duai su giam sat va tm cay eiia "Nguai danh gia CO do tin eay cao" [1], [5], [6],
2,4.2. Danh gia dau vao va danh gia qua trinh dao tao, huan iuyen
a. Ddnh gid ndng luc ddu vdo
Viec danh gia nang luc dau vao dang dugc nha trucmg xem xet va la mpt trong cac phuang phap tuygn sinh
duge dg cao trong ki tuygn sinh hang nam "^ '-^' tuyen sinh bing hmh thiic danh gia nang lire gmp '^i^i truang ehgn dugc nhigu sinh vien phii hpp vai chuyen nganh Hang hai va muc tieu dao tao ciia nha tiLioiLg. Ket qua hgc tap cua cae sinh vien lua ehgn theo liinb thiic nay ciing kha kha quan. Bai thi danh gia nang lire la^bai thi dugc nha truang tu ra dg va tu t6 ehirc. Vi vay, ngi dung cung nhu each thiic ra dg se rit phong phii. Co mot so each khac nhau dg phu hgp vai tieu chi cua nha truang nen hinh thiie nay dugc danh gia cao ve miic dp hieu qua.
Vi dupc danh gia cao nen nha truong lua chgn danh gia nang lire dg tuygn sinh diu vao va cirng vcri cac hinh thiic tuyen sinh khac. Co thg thiy, phuang an tuygn sinh danh gia nang luc dang ngay cang dupe nha tru'dng ua chuong.
No giiip nha truong nang cao dupe chat lupng dao tao, huin luyen ciang nhu uy tin cua nha truong trong cac ki thi va cung la mgt each dS dam bao diu ra chit lugng sau dao tao, huan luyen [1], [5], [6].
b Ddnh gid qud trinh ddo tgo, hudn luyen Danh gia qua trinh dao tao, huan luyen la mpt phan cua quy trinh dao tao, huin luyen. Hinh thiic danh gia nay eung cip thong tin can eo dg digu ehinh viec day va hgc trong qua trinh.Trong truang hgp nay, su danh gia qua trinh thong bao cho ca nguoi day iln nguoi hpc vg raiie dp higu eiia nguai hgc a mpt thai diem ma su digu chinh thai gian co thg dugc thue hien. Nhiing digu chinh nay giiip ngucri hgc dat duge cae muc tieu hpc tap dua tren tieu ehu&n trong mpt khoang thai gian nhat dinh, Mac dii cae chien thuat danh gia qua trinh xuat hien duai nhieu dang thiie, co nhieu each khac nhau de phan biet vai "danh gia tong ket".
Mgt diem khac biet do la khong bat nguai hpc phai chiu traeh nhiem ve cac kT nang va noi dung (dupe ligt kg trong "bg suu tap so diem") ma hp moi dugc giai thieu hoae dang hgc ma phai cho nguai hgc luyen tap.
Danh gia qua trinh giup nguai day xae dinh cac bu6c tiep theo trong su6t tign trinh giang day. Digm khae biet nira la co sa ciia su danh gia qua trinh, do la su tham gia ciia nguai hgc. Neu nguai hpc khong dugc tham gia vao qua trinh danh gia thi viec danh gia khong dupe thuc hanh hoae hoan thanh voi hieu qua ciia no, Nguoi hge can dugc tham gia vai tu each nguai danh gia qua trinh hpe ciia ban than ciing nhu la ngu6n tu lieu doi voi cac hpe vien khac. Su tham gia va "dong gop san phim" eiia nguai hpc lam gia tang dgng lire hpc tap.
Danh gia qua trinh hpc tap ciia nguai hoc do la eung cip phan hoi ciia ban than hrong khi hpc. Phan h6i giiip nguoi hgc bigt hp da lam t6t a nhiing pliSn nao, Uen he den viec hoc va dua ra nhiing ehi din neng vg each dg dat duge buoe tigp theo trong qua trinh hoc tan Noi each khac, phan hoi khong phai la mgi r.-i , ^^^ ".
50 Ti?iP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
Nguyan Dfic Ca, Ho^ng Thj Minh Anh
hinh dan hoae mgt loi khen. Nguoi day thuc su lam gi voi nhixng thong tin hg thu duoc. Chiing dugc sir dung nhu thg nao dg h6 trg viec giang day? Chiing dupe chia se nhu thg nao vai su tham gia eua nguoi hgc? Khong chi la viec thu thap thong tin/h6 sa tir qua trinh hpc tap cua nguoi hpc, do con la nhftng gi ma ngucri day xir li voi nhiing thong tin do [1], [5], [6].
2.4.3. Quy trinh danh gia nang ILJC d^o tao, huan luyen Khi tign hanh danh gia nang luc dao tao va huan luyen Hang hai, can tuan thu quy trmh danh gia cua ISO 9001 vcri cae buoe sau day:
- Chuan bi eong tae danh gia: Tap hgp so lieu va thong tin cho cong tac danh gia, vat tu, trang thigt bi, dia ban, nhimg kigm tra can thiet khac eho viec danh gia.
- Xem xet viee danh gia dugc tign hanh tren tau hay tai CO so dao tao.
- Xem xet ngi dung danh gia: Doi hoi vg pham vi (rgng hay hep) npi dung danh gia, doi hoi vg chieu sau ciia npi dung danh gia (chi tiet, ti rai dgn miic do nao?).
- Huong dan torn tat viec danh gia doi vai eae hpe vign: Muc dieh danh gia, nhimg khoan muc se danh gia, nguygn tac danh gia, tigu chuan danh gia (tieu chi dat dupc sau khi danh gia), dich se phai dat duge sau khi danh gia la gi?
- Tu each du thi, danh gia, then diem danh gia, so lan danh gia.
- Chgn loai hinh danh gia: thi viet, van dap, thuc hanh....
- To chiic thi - kigm tra.
- Quan sat cae thao tac ciia hpc vien va ghi nhan ket qua.
- Chii dgng kigm soat cac dgng tac thuc hien nhiem vu ciia cac hge vien.
- Loai bo mot so dgng tac sai, thiia va khong can thiet.
- Danh gia nang luc dao tao, huin luyen.
- Ghi nhan ket qua danh gia, luu trft ket qua danh gia, - Xem xet va hieu chinh phuang phap danh gia (xem Hinh I).
2.4.4. Hinh thi^c danh gia nang life dao tao, huan luyen Sau khi eo phuang phap luan ve danh gia cimg voi cac dieu can chu y trong qua trinh danh gia, co the tign hanh danh gia nang lire dao tao va huan luyen bang mpt hay kgt hgp bang cac hinh thiie duai day: 1/ Thi, kigm tra vigt; 2/ Thi, kigm tra van dap; 3/ Thi, kigm tra tinh toan;
4/ Thi, kigm tra trac nghiem; 5/ Thi, kiem tra thuc hanh;
6/ Thi, kiem tra trgn mo phong.
Dg danh gia nang luc dao tao va huan luyen mgt each chinh xae, cong bang thi phai thong nhat ngi dung va hinh thiic danh gia. Mat khae, thai gian danh gia ciing phai ngin nhung dam bao tinh chinh xae, Muon dat dugc
Vat tir; Tai lieu; Dia ban; Cau hoi thi; Mau bieu diera; Chon hinh thitc thi
Chuan bi cong tac danh gia
Pham vi danh gia; chieu sau danh gia; m lie do t y m y c ua viec danh gia cho cac danh gia vien
Thong bao tieu chi danh gia, doi
I
tucmg se dugc danh gia cho cac danh gia vien Chon dja diem danh gia; Thong
bao hinh thitc danh gia va tieu chi dat dugc sau danh gia Diem danh; Thong bao tu each du thi; Tien hanh thi-ki6m tra...
Thong bao tieu chi danh gia;
hinh thitc danh gia cho cac hoc vien duac danh gia
1
T6 chiic danh gia
Ghi nhan ket qua danh gia d tao, huan luyen
Dao tao, huan luyen lai
Khong dat
Cap phat chijng chi Hinh I: Sa do ddnh gid ndng luc ddo tgo, hudn luyen [1], [6].
So 2B thang 4/2020 51
NGHIEN COru THirC TIEN GIAO DUC
digu do, mpt trong nhftng hinh thiic danh gia dupc lua chgn la danh gia bang thi - kigm tra trac nghiem tren may tinh Nhu vay, cac co so dao tao chi chuyen chiu trach nhiem dao tao, huan luyen ragt each ehuan muc theo mgt chuang trinh dao tao, huin luyen da dugc thdng nhit ehung cho toan quoc.
2.5. To chuTc thifc hien
Dg trien khai he thong danh gia nang luc dao tao, huin luyen Hang hai vao co so dao tao Hang hai co hieu qua cao nhat nham nang cao nang iuc dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai cae cap a Viet Nam, chiing ta ean phai thuc hien mgt so npi dung ehii yeu sau day.
2.5.1. Xay dUng cac van ban phap quy
Bp Giao thong Van tai can nhanh chong hoan thien Bp tieu chuan danh gia nang lire dao tao huan luyen Hang hai eae eap a Viet Nam, dong thcri vai Bg tieu chuan nay, Bp Giao thong Van tai cung phai ban hanh tai lieu huong din su dung Bg tieu chuan da ban hanh, Bg tieu chuin nay la ca so de cho eae truang dao tao Hang hai cac cip a Vigt Nam tien hanh tu danh gia nang lue dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai ciia minh.
2.5.2. Ap dung he thong quan li chat liiQng theo ISO 9001 Xay dung va ap dung he thong quan li chat lugng theo ISO 9001 giiip cho cac truang Hang hai ciia Viet Nam ra soat lai toan bp he thong quan li trong dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai dg tir do thigt lap nen nhung quy trinh chuan cho cae boat dpng quan li ciia minh. He thong quan li chit lugng theo ISO 9001 phai dupc quan triet trong toan thg cae can bg, giao vien, eong nhan vien va sinh vign nha truang. Trong do, nhat dinh phai c6 bg phan chuyen trach ve dam bao chit lugng duai su lanh dao true tiep ciia hieu truang. Bg phan nay lam nhiem vu theo doi viec trign khai he thong quan li chat lupng, kiem tra, giam sat qua trinh thuc hien cac quy trinh quan li trong nha truang dg tu do dg ra cac yen eau cai tien. Dinh ki hang nam, tu danh gia nang luc dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai, lam co scf cho lanh dao nha trudng co nhirng giai phap phit hpp trong viee b6 tri cac nguon lire sao eho hieu qua ban nliSm timg budc nang eao chat lugng dao tao, huan luyen trong nha tnrong.
Cac bu6c ca ban ap dung he thong quan li chat lupng theo ISO 9001 vao cac ea so dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai o Viet Nam duge thue hien theo trinh tu nhu sau:
Quygt dinh ciia lanh dao; T6 chiic ngudn luc va xay dung kg hoach; Phan tich thuc trang boat dgng eiia nha truong;
Xem xet va xay dung cac ygu can; Lira chgn cae to chiie danh gia; Xay dung tai lieu cua he th6ng quan li chat iupng; Dao tao va t6 chiic danh gia ngi bg; Trign khai
van hanh he thfing; Danh gia su phu hgp. --"' "? ' ^ • phiihgp theo ISO 9001.
3. Ket luan
Danh gia nang luc dao tao, huin luyen Hang hai bang mpt hay nhigu hmh thiic khac nhau, can bo danh gia phai dua ra dugc ban nban xet chi tilt vg nang luc ciia thuygn vign mpt each chinh xae xem co dii kT nang va kT xao dg hoan thanh nhiem vu dam bao an toan sinh mang va tai san trgn biln so vai tigu chuan nang lue toi thigu (mmimum standard requyrements) dugc ghi trong Cong udcSTCW78/2010,
Dg t6 chue trign khai he thfing danh gia nang lue dao tao, huin luyen Hang hai o Viet Nam voi hieu qua eao nhit nhim nang cao nang lire dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai cac cip a Viet Nam. Bg Giao thong Van tai can co van ban cbi dao cho tat ea eae trucmg dao tao huan luyen Hang hai tign hanh thanh lap Hpi dong tu danh gia nang lire dao tao, huan luyen eua truong minh. Moi hgi dong tu danh gia ciia cac truang gom toi thigu 15 thanh vign.
Trong hgi dong gom c6: chii tich, cac pho chii tieh, thu ki va cac thanh vien hgi dong. Trong moi hgi dong lai chia thanh cae nhom cong tac chuyen trach. Moi nhom cong tac chuygn trach phu traeh tir 1 dgn 2 tigu ehuan danh gia. Tigp dgn, Bp Giao thong Van tai can tign hanh mo lop tap huan kT nang tu danh gia eho cac hgi dong cua cac truong dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai. Dong thai, Bp Giao thong Van tai vach ra thai han bat dau va kgt thuc tu danh gia. Sau khi co kgt qua tu danh gia ciia cac truong, Bg Giao thong Van tai to chue cac doan danh gia ngoai dg tign hanh danh gia nang luc dao tao huan luyen Hang hai, phan loai va cap "chiing nhan cap do" cho cac truang dao tao, huan luyen Hang hai. Bg can cir vao do dg giao chi tigu tuygn suih hay eo eae chg do, chinh sach tang cuong dau tu cac nguon lire eho nha truong.
Ngoai ra, Bg Giao thong Van tai cin hoan thien quy hoaeh mang luai eae hudng dao tao, huan Iuyen Hang hai cac cip d Viet Nara. Tren ea sd hien trang phan b6 cae trudng dao tao, huin luyen Hang hai cae cap d Viet Nam hien nay va nhu ciu phat trien ngudn nhan lire Hang hai trong tuong lai cua Viet Nam, Bg Giao thong Van tai CO kg hoach xay dung 3 trudng DH Ha.ig hai d 3 noi ia Hai Phdng,Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, Da Ning (xay dung mdi thgm 1 trudng DH Hang hai d Da 'ng) ^^g^ j^jg^
cd 2 trudng eao ding Hang hai (Ca nudc • hat tngn thanh 6 trudng cao dang Hang hai),Trong mdi - ^^Q ^^
dao tao 3 trinh dp cao dang, trung cap va - 52 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
Nguyin Difc Ca, Hoang Thi I^inh Anh
Tai lieu tham khao
[1] Dang Van Uy, (2006), Ndng cao ndng lue ddo tgo Hdng hdi cdc cdp tgi Viet Nam, Bk tai nghiSn ciiu khoa hoc trong diem cap Bo, Ha Nfli.
[2] Tikn Khanh Diic, (2000), Nghien cieu ca s& li lugn va thuc lien bdo ddm chdt lugng ddo tgo dgi hgc vd Irung hoc chuyen nghiip. Ha Noi.
[3] Trin Khanh Diic, (2002), Su pham ki thugt, NXB Giao due, Ha Nfli.
[4] Trung tam KT thuat Tieu chuan - Do lircmg chat lupng, (2000), Hu&ng ddn dp dung ISO Irong dich v^ hdnh chlnh, Thanh phfl Hfl Chi Minh.
[5] Trin Khanh Dire, (2004), Qudn li vd kiim dinh chdi hrgng ddo tao nhdn luc, NXB Giao dye. Ha Nfli.
[6] UNESCO PROAP, (2000), Kl yiu Hoi thdo qude li vi dam bdo chdt lugng ddo tgo dai hgc. Da Lat.
THE SYSTEM OF EVALUATING THE COMPETENCE OF MARITIME TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN VIETNAM
Nguyen Due Ca', Hoang Tlii Minh Anh^
' Email: nguyenducca,21.05 [email protected]
= Email: anglesparis2001 (Syahoo.com me Vietnam Nationai Institute ot EdLcational Sciences 101 Tian Hmg Dao, Hoan K:em, Hanoi, Vietnam
ABSTRACT: The competence evaluation system according to international standards must be thoroughly understood by all officials, teachers, employees and students. The system for evaluating the competence of maritime training and coaching must have a specialized section under the direct leadership of the principal. This department is in charge of monitoring the implementation of the system of evaluation, inspection and supervision of the implementation process, thereby providing improvement requirements. Periodically organizing self-assessment of the competence and the quality of maritime training and education as a basis for the school leaders to have appropriate solutions in allocating resources more effectively so as to gradually improve the quality of training and education in the school. The article mentions the following contents: current situation of the system of evaluating the competence of maritime training and education; principles for evaluating the training and coaching competence; methods of assessing the competence of training and education; establishing the system and some conclusions on the system for evaluating the competence of maritime training and coaching in Vietnam.
KEYWORDS: Evaluation; competence; training; coaching; maritime.
So 28 thang 4/2020 53
