QUANTRI-QUANLY
XAC DINH CAC YEU TO TAC DONG DEN Y DINH K H d l NGHIEP CUA SINH VIEN
TRlJCfNG DAI HOC TAY NGUYEN
• N G U Y I N V A N DAT
TOM TAT:
Nghidn cffu xac dinh cde yd'u td' anh hffdng dd'n ;y dinh khdi nghidp eua sinh vidn nam 3 vd ndm 4 thude Trffdng Bai hpc Tay Nguydn. Dff lidu nghien cffu dffdc thu thap tff 548 sinh vidn.
Phffdng phap nghien cu'u sff dung Id phffdng phap hdn hdp. Md hinh Iy diuyet dffdc kiem dinh thdng qua phdn tieh dd tin eay Cronbach's Alpha, phan tieh nhan to' EFA va phan tich hdi quy tuye'n tinh bdi.
Kd't qua cho thay, ed 6 yd'u Id' anh hffdng de'n y dinh khdi nghidp cua sinh vidn, trong dd ye'u td mdi trffdng khdi nghidp ed tac ddng manh nhd't. Qua dd, tde gia dffa ra ede giai phdp nham thiic da'y f dinh khdi nghidp cua sinh vien trong thdi gian tdi.
TiJf khda: Khdi nghidp, J dinh khdi nghidp, sinh vien, Trffdng Dai hpc Tdy Nguydn, yd'u td' tdc ddng.
1. Dgt
va'n
aiSinh vidn kinh Id' la dd'i tffdng dffpe dao tao tffpng dd'i bdi ban tai ede trffdng dai hpe (DH), cd cdc kie'n thffe nen tang ve quan tri. Day la dp ludi thieh hdp de' khdi nghiep, Iffa tudi ed khat khao lam giau, khdng sp rui ro, nhay ben vdi cdc cd hdi kinh doanh. Tuy nhidn, trdn thffc te', ngay edng nhieu sinh vidn dai hpe ra trffdng khdng ed vide lam, ciing vdi ty Id khdi sff kinh doanh cdn tha'p, sd' Iffdng doanh nghidp edn khiem td'n.
Trffde tinh hinh dd, Chinh phu cung da ed Quye't dinh sd 1665/ QD-CP ngay 30/10/2017 cua Thu Iffdng Chinh phu ve "Hd trd hpc sinh, sinh vien khdi nghidp dd'n nam 2025". Vi vay, lam did' nao dd' nang eao tinh th^n doanh nhdn, xae dinh eae ye'u Id' dnh hffdng de'n y djnh khdi nghiep, thuc da'y hoat ddng khdi nghidp trong sinh vidn Id van de ra't quan trpng va edng trd nen bffc thid't nham giam bdt dp Iffc ve viec lam trong xa hdi, day manh tang trffdng kinh td'cua vung Tay Nguyen trong thdi gian tdi.
2. Cd sd ly thuye't va md hinh nghien cffu Khdi nghiep la mdt boat ddng cd muc dich de khdi dau, duy tri vd phdt trien boat ddng kinh doanh nham thu dffdc Idi ich ve tai chinh hay ede ldi ieh khde trong kinh doanh ma d dd se tao ra mdt sff Iff do eho chinh ngffdi thffe hien hoat dong nay (Autio& edng sff, 2001).
Y dinh la did'm khdi dau cho vide kie'm sodt hanh ddng ed ehu dinh. Y dinh khdi nghidp la sff gdn kd't de' thffc hidn hanh vi khdi nghidp (Krueger
& cpng sff, 2000) hay Y dinh khdi nghidp Id bffdc dau lien trong qua tnnh khdm pha, sang tao, khai thdc ed hpi de khdi nghidp va thdnh lap DN mdi (Gartner & cdng sff, 1994).
Giao due d trffdng Dai hpc: Cac nha nghien cffu trffdc day cho thd'y, gido due khdi nghidp la mpl phffdng phdp hffu hidu de trang hi cho ngffdi hpe nhffng kid'n thffc can thid't ve khdi nghidp (Turker va Sonmez Sel^uk, 2009). Dieu do cung anh hffdng de'n sff \iia chon nghe nghiep eua sinh vidn (Peterman va Kennedy, 2003).
TAP CHJ CONG THUdNG
Hinh 1: Mo hinh nghien c^ de xud't Giao due d trffdng Dai hpc
c
Thai dd ca nhan [ Xu hudng chap nhan riJI nNguon: Ket qud nghien cdu cua tdc gid Bang 1. C a c y e u to anh hi/dng de'n y djnh khdi nghiep c u e sinh vien
STT
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21
Ma hoa bien
GDBH1 GDBH2 GDSH3 GDSH4 GDSH5
TDCN1 TBCN2 TDCN3 TDCN4 TDCN5 TSCN6
CNRR1 CNRR2 CNRR3 CNRR4 CNRR5
MTKNl MTKN2 MTKN3 MTKN4 MTKN5
Dieh giai Giao dgc d tnidng Dai hoc
Giao due 6 trudng DH giup ban hinh thanh tinh each ca nhan de l<hcli nghiep ChUdng trinh dao tao d trudng QH trang bi cho ban du l<ha nang l<hdi nghidp Trudng OH ia ndi phat trien ky nang va l<ha nang khdi nghiep cua ban Hoc tap tai trudng da truyen cam hting cho ban cd y dmh khdi nghiep Trudng DH Tay nguyen la ndi iy tUdng de ban hoc trd thanh doanh nhan Thai do ca nhan
Neu ban cd cd hoi va nguon iuc ban se khdi nghi$p Trd thanh doanh nhan se mang iai cho ban nhiSu ldi ich Ban rat hdng thu vdi viec khdi nghiep
Ban se rat IM hao khi trci thanh mdt doanh nhdn
Ban se khdi nghidp ngay sau khi td't nghigp d Trudng DH lay Nguyen Trong sd cac lya chon khac nhau thi ban ludn mudn trd thanh mdt doanh nhan
Xu hudng ch^p nh$n rui ro Ban khdng ngai rui rd trong kmh doanh
Ban rcit tin tudng vao kha nang kmh doanh ciia ban than Ban cd nhieu mdi quan he cd the giup ban trong vi$c khdi nghiep Ban se khdi nghiep khi co co hgi
Kinh nghiem kinh doanh cua ban than la von quy ddi vdi ban Moi tnidng khdi nghi$p
Trudng DH la mdi tmdng tdt nhcit d l ban khdi nghidp Tnidng hpc la mdi tnidng thuc day su sang tao cho sinh vifin Tnidng DH la ndi bu dap nhiing kien thdc cdn thieu cho sinh vi&i.
Tnidng DH la mdt thi tnidng nho de thi!l nghidm khdi nghidp cho smh viSn Tnidng DH ia noi tuydt vdi nhat dd" tim ra "nhan tai gia r6° va cac chuyen gia cdvan.
NguSn
Petemian va Kennedy, 2003;
Schwarz&cdng su,2009;D4 xuat cua tac gia sau N/c dinh tinh
Lian va Chen, 2009;Ajzen, 1991;Koivereid, 1997;Shapero vaSokdl, 1982;
Kristiensen va Indarti, 2004;
Wang va cdng sy, | 2004;Weniun Wang va cdng st}.
2011.
Schwaiz&cOng sy,2009.O«
xu^cuatacgiS sau N/c dinh tinh
184 So 14-Thang 6/2020
QUAN TRI-QUANLV
STT
22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31 32 33
34 35 36
Ma hda bi«i
HTKN1 HTKN2 HTKN3 HTKN4 HTKN5 HTKN6
STT1 STT2 STT3 STT4 STT6 STT6
YDKN1 YDKt^2 Y0KN3 37 j YDKN4
Dieh giai Ho'tTd khdi nghi$p
Bo Giao due va Dao tao ludn ed chinh sach khuyen khich smh vien khdi nghiep
UBND tinh Dak Lak ludn cd chinh sach khuyen khich sinh vien khdi nghiep Trudng DH Tay Nguyen thudng xuyen cd cac hoat ddng dinh hudng, chinh sach khuyen khich khdi nghiep eho sinh vien.
NhQng ngudi quan trong vdi ban ludn ung ho quyet dmh khdi nghiep cua ban Gia dinh ban se dng hd quyet dinh khdi nghiep cua ban
Ban be ban se Ong hd quyet dinh khdi nghiep cua ban Sii tii tin
Ban ia ngudi iudn ed hoai bao trong kmh doanh Kinh doanh ia niem dam me til nhd eua ban Ddi vdi ban, kinh doanh iudn ed su hap dan va tdi cudn
Ban ludn cd gang de lam tdt hon nhOng ngudi khac trong ciing dieu kien kinh doanh
Ban da cd nhOng kinh nghiem kinh doanh nhat dinh nhd iam them.
Nghi nghiep cua cha me va ngudi than trong gia dinh da anh hudng den y djnh khdi nghidp cija ban
Y d|nh khdi nghidp cua sinh vien
Ban sdn sang iam bat cd dieu gl de trd thanh mdt doanh nhan Mue tieu nghe nghiep cija ban la trd thanh 1 doanh nhan Ban quyet tam tao ra 1 doanh nghiep trong tuong lai Sau khi tdt nghiep Dal hoc ban se tu minh kinh doanh
Ngudn
Ajzen(1991), Zaharlah Mohd Zain va cdng SU {2010);Kmeger va cdng su, 2000;
Autio va cdng su, 2001;Llnanva Chen, 2009; De xuat cua tac gia sau N/c dinh tinh
Shapero va Sokol, 1982; Zahariah Mohd Zain & cdng su,2010;
Nishaniha, B 2009;
Chen & edng su, 1998;Davldssdn P., 1995.
Nguon: Ket qud nghien cdu cda tdc gid
Trong mdt nghien cffu khde, Reynolds vd cpng sxi (1999 cho rang, "xay dffng cae chffdng trinh gido dtic va ddo tao khdi nghidp phii hdp se giiip lam tdng so'Iffdng ngffdi trd thanh ngffdi khdi nghidp vi sff giao due cang td't thi mffe do hoat dpng khdi nghidp cang cao". Binks & edng sff (2006) cho rang, ede trffdng dai hoc cd mdt vai trd quan trpng trong viec thuc dd'y tinh than kinh doanh.
Gid thuye't HI: Gido due d trUdng dai hgc co dnh hudng lich cue (ciing chieu) den y djnh khdi nghifp ciia sinh vien.
Tinh each ca nhan; Shane va edng sff (2003) de xua't cdc tinh each ed md'i quan he vdi y dinh khdi nghidp eua sinh vidn nhff: Cha'p nhan rui ro, niem tin vao ndng Iffc ban than, kiem soat ban than, ehiu dtfng sff md hd, dam md, nd life, cd tam nhin. Didu dd cho tha'y, "sdn sang dd'i mdi", "ehu dpng",
"niem tin vao nang Iffe ban thdn", "ehiu dffde ap
Iffc", "nhu eau tff ehu", "kiem soat ban thdn" cd anh hffdng tieh effe dd'n viee tao lap doanh nghiep va "kinh doanh thdnh cdng". Ong cung cho rang, cd md'i quan he cung chieu giffa cae yd'u Id' tinh each "sang tao" vdi "y dinh khdi nghidp".
Gid thuyet H2. Tinh cdch cd nhdn cd anh hudng tich cue (cung chieu) den y dinh khdi nghiep cua sinh vien.
Cha'p nhan rui ro: Bid'n nay de cap de'n eha'p nhdn rui ro khi Iham gia vao mdt hoat ddng. Do dd, nd lien quan dd'n xde sua't thdnh cdng eua bat ky boat ddng nao dffdi 100%; ngay ea khi xu hffdng cha'p nhdn rui ro thffdng dffde de cap nhff mdt yd'u to' quyd't dinh y dmh kinh doanh. Mdt sd' nghien cffu Ihffc nghidm eho thd'y, doanh nhdn kinh doanh nhd khong cd thai do tich effe dd'i vdi rui ro vd khdng tff coi minh la ngffdi eha'p nhan rui ro (Davidsson. P 1995). dffdng nhff ho eung khdng khae vdi cdc nhdm khdc trong nhffng thff nghidm
TAPCHJCONCTHIfOlNC
khdch quan hdn ve ehd'p nhan rui ro. Theo dd. cdc doanh nhdn dffdng nhff hpi it bi thu hiit eha'p nhan riii ro trong cac tinh hud'ng dffpe gpi la trd chdi thay ddi thuan tuy.
Gid thuyet H3: Chap nhdn rui ro cd dnh hudng tich cue (ciing chieu) den y dinh khdi nghiep cda sinh vien.
Mdi trffdng khdi nghidp: Nhff vdy, de khdi nghiep thanh cdng, sinh vien can phai ed sff chuan bi ky Iffdng, mdt thai dp tieh effe, mdt tam the' sdn sang dd'n thdn vao edn dffdng day ehdng gai, khd khan va thff thdeh, ddi hdi tinh kien In ra't cao nay.
Ban than mdi sinh vidn can phai tff nang cao nhan thffc, can nd Iffc trau ddi kid'n thffe chuyen mdn sau ve khdi nghiep.
Mdi Irffdng dai hpe la ndi cd the bu dap nhffng kie'n thffc ve khdi nghidp eho smh vien. Tuy nhien, ne'u chi cd to' chd't manh dan, tff tin, ndng Iffc sdng tao nhay ben Ihi ehffa du ma can phai ed mdt mdi trffdng td't mdi ed the' phdt huy triet de khi eon ngoi tren ghd'nha trtfdng.
Gid thuye't H4: Moi trudng khdi nghiep cd anh hudng lich cUc (cung chieu) den y djnh khdi nghiep cua sinh vien.
Hd trp khdi nghidp; Trong qua trinh Iffa ehpn nghe nghidp, quye't dinh ciia sinh vien thi/dng bi chi phd'i bdi cac chu the trong xa hdi - nd xud't hien khi hp coi hanh ddng hay y kie'n eua gia dinh, ban be la nhffng chud'n mirc xa hdi ma mdt ed nhan tudn thu theo. Dd'i vdi boat ddng khdi nghidp dd cd thd' la Idc nhan can trd bode thuc day quyd't tdm khdi nghidp cua cd nhdn. Vdi anh hffdng eua truyen thd'ng Nho gido trong xa hdi nhff tai Viet Nam, vdi dae diem ve van hda idp the, cac ca nhan thtfdng xem xet y kid'n eua ngLfdi xung quanh trffdc khi hanh ddng. Do vdy, gia dinh cd the la mdt yd'u Id' anh hffdng dd'n y dinh khdi nghiep eua sinh vidn.
Gid thuye't H5: Ho ird khdi nghiep co anh hudng tich cUc (cdng chieu) den y dinh khdi nghiep cua sinh vien.
Sff Iff tin: Trong mdt nghidn effu ciia minh, Robinson vd edng sff. (I99I) eho rdng, mffc dd Iff tin cua nhffng ngffdi la doanh nhdn cao hdn so vdi nhffng ngffdi khdng phai la doanh nhdn. Ong eho rdng, tinh each the' hien sff khde bidt giffa nam gidi va nff gidi khi khdi nghidp la "si^ tff tin". Kd't qua nghidn cffu eho thd'y. doanh nhdn nff khdi nghiep Ihffdng ed stf tff tin tha'p hdn nam gidi. Tuy nhien, ho van mong mud'n khdi nghiep va san sang chap nhan cdc rui ro cd the' \ a \ ra trong kinh doanh
Gid thuye't H6: Su tu tin cd dnh hudng tich cite (cung chieu) de'n y dinh khdi nghiep cua sinh vien.
3. PhffoTng phap nghidn cihi
Phffdng phap nghidn cffu sff dung la phffdng phdp hdn hdp (kd't hpp dinh tinh vd dinh Iffdng).
Md hinh ly thuye't dffdc kie'm djnh thdng qua phdn tieh dp tin cay Cronbach's Alpha, phdn tich nhan td EFA vd phdn tieh hoi quy tuye'n tinh bdi.
Thu thap .so lieu thff ed'p; Thdng qua cac Bdo cdo cua Nha trffdng; Chinh sach khdi nghidp eiia Chinh phu, Bp Gido due va Ddo tao va tinh Ddk Lak
Thu thap sd' lieu sd cd'p: Bdng edeh dilng mdu phid'u ehuan bi sdn de' dieu tra trffc tid'p sinh vien cde Khoa (Kinh te', Ndng - ldm nghidp, Sff pham, Khoa hpc tff nhidn cdng nghe, Chan nudi thii y).
Mau dffpe chpn theo phffdng phap phi xdc sua't thuan lien. Dd' dam bao dp tin cay vd sff phu hdp ciia ke'l qua nghien effu, kieh thffde mau dffdc thu thap dffa tren cdng thffc eua Hair & edng sff (2006) thi N = 5*m; trong dd N la kieh thffde mdu, m la sd bie'n quan sat (33 bie'n), ti Id quan sat /bie'n do Iffdng Id 5:1, td't nhdt Id 10:1 trd len.
Tff cdng thffe tren, sd' phid'u td'i thieu can khdo sdi la trdn 330 phid'u. Do vdy, tac gia da tid'n hanh khao sdt 570 sinh vidn, sd' phie'u thu ve la 559 phid'u (97,8%), sau khi sdng loc vd lam saeh dii lieu thi sd' phid'u hpp Id dffa vao phdn tich Id 548 phie'u (96,1%). Thdi gian khao sat dffde thffc hien tff thdng 02/2020 dd'n thdng 03/2020.
Xff ly va phan tich thdng tin: Td't ea nhffng so lieu thu thap trong qua trinh nghidn effu dffpe nhap va xff ly bang phan mem SPSS20. Kd't hdp tham khao y kid'n chuyen gia trong linh vffc khdi nghidp dd' dl xua't cde giai phap.
4. Kd't qua nghien cij'u va thao lu^n 4.1. Ke't qud kiem dinh thang do bang hf so Cronbach's Alpha
Ke't qua kiem dinh dd'i vdi 548 phie'u khao sdt eho tha'y, he so' Cronbach's Alpha deu > 0,6 (tif 0,630 dd'n 0,859) d Bang 2, nhffng be sd tffdng quan bid'n td'ng cua cdc bid'n quan sat TDCN2=
0,095 < 0,3 ndn da bi loai (Nguyen Dinh Thp, 2011). Cdn lai 32 bid'n quan sdt thda mdn dffa vao phdn tich EFA.
Phdn tich nhdn id klidni phd EFA cdc bien d^i lap
Kd't qua kiem dinh Bartiett's eho tha'y, cdc bien trong td'ng the' cd md'i tffpng quan vdi nhau. gid trj Sig. = 0.000 < 0,05. he so' KMO = 0.719 ehffng id phan tich nhan td' dd' nhdm ede bie'n vdi nhau Id
186 So 14-Thang 6/2020
QUANTRI-DUANLV
Bang 2. Ktft qua Kiem dinli d o tin c g y c u a c a c thiang do
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6
Thang do Giao due 6 trudng Dai hoc Thai do ca nhan Xu hudng chap nhan rui re Mdi trudng khdi nghiep Hd'trd khdi nghiep SUtUtin
Cront)ach's Alpha 0,842 0,630 0,843 0,839 0,859 0,849
So quan sat kilm dinh
5 6 5 5 6
So quan sat Sdquan sat ioai t » chap nh$n
0 5 TDCN2
0 0 0 6 1 0
5 5 5 6 6 Nguon: Ket qud xd ly .w lieu dieu tra thieh hdp (Hair & edng sff, 1998), tong phffPng sai
trieh la = 58,218% > 50% (Gerbing & Anderson, 1988), he so Eigenvalues la = 1,169 > I (Nguydn Dinh Thp, 2011) va dffng Iai d 6 nhdn td'phdn tich dffde. Thd'ng kd Chi-Square cua kiem dinh Bartiett's dat 583.775 vdi mffe y nghTa Sig. = 0,000 cho thd'y, cae bid'n quan sat ed tffdng quan vdi nhau xet trdn pham vi tdng the'.
Phdn tich nhdn td khdm phd EFA cho bidn phu thuoc
Ke't qua kiem dinh Bartiett's cho tha'y, cac bie'n trong tdng the cd md'i tffdng quan vdi nhau, gid tri Sig. = 0,000 < 0,05, he sd' KMO = 0,789 chffng td phdn tich nhdn td' de' nhdm cae bid'n vdi nhau la thich hdp. Thd'ng ke Chi- Square eua kie'm dinh Bartiett's dat 909.774 vdi mffc y nghia Sig. = 0,000, tong phffdng sai trich la = 68,543% > 50%, he sd'Eigenvalues Id = 2,742 >I,
Kd't qua phdn tich EFA eho tha'y, eae bid'n quan sated he sd'tai nhan td'dao ddng tff 0,577 dd'n 0,868 (> 0,5) d Bang 3 va khdng cd sff xdo iron cdc bie'n thdnh phan. Nhff vdy, cde thang do deu dat gia tri hpi hi va diem difng khi trich nhdn td vdi Eigenvalue Id 1,003 >1; dieu nay eho tha'y kd't qua phdn tich nhan tola phu hdp (Nguydn Dinh Thp, 2011).
Bdng 3. Ket qua EFA thang do cdc nhdn to anh hudng di'n y djnh khdi nghiep
GDDH1 GDDH2 GDDH3 GDDH4 GDDH5
' T
862 848 755 .719 753
2
—
—
Component 3 4
p- |—
TDCN1 TDCN3 TDCN4 TDCN5 TDCN6 CNRR1 CNRR2 CNRR3 CNRR4 CNRR5
Component 1
IVITKN1 MTKN2 MTKN3 MTKN4 MTKN5 HTKN1 HTKN2 HTKN3 HTKN4 HTKN5
.604
^
.697 .716 .709 690
3
.802 868 .767 .749 .773
4
780 846 .776 .759 .738
HTKN6
'
STT1 SST2 STT3 1 STT4
STT5 STT6
5 6
n
.744 1A&\
747 .620 703 594
.577 .802 848 .767 794 723 Nguon: Ket qud .\d 1} sdlieu dieu tra
TAPGHiCONGTHirdNG
Mffc dd phii hdp cua md hinh; He sd R = 0,759 va he so xdc dinh hidu ehinh (Adjusted R Square) R- hieu chinh = 0,572, nghia la md hinh hdi quy tuye'n tinh da xay dffng phu hpp vdi tdp dff lieu va nd giai thieh dffpe 57,2% sff bid'n thidn cua md hinh. Nhff vay, vdi nghidn cffu nay, 6 bie'n ddc lap dffa vao md hinh anh hffdng 57,2% sff bie'n thien cua bie'n phu thude; con 42,8% dffpe giai thich bdi ede bie'n doe lap khac chffa dffa vdo md hinh, (Bang 4).
Dai Iffdng thd'ng ke Durbin-Watson (d) = 1.110 (I < d < 3) (Hoang Trong, Chu Nguyen Mong Ngpc, 2008) nen cac phan dff trong mlu khdng cd sff tif tffpng quan vdi nhau, tinh doe lap eua phan dff dffdc dam bao (Bang 4).
Kiem dinh phffdng sai ANOVA eho Ihd'y, gid tri Sig cua kiem dinh F trong md hinh Id 0,000 < 0,05.
Nhuf vdy, md hinh hdi quy tuyd'n tinh xdy dffng phu hpp vdi tdng thd' (Bang 5).
Ki^m dinh ve gia dinb vi pham da cpng tuyen:
Kd't qud eua hd sd' phdng dai phffdng sai VIF (Variance Ifladon Factor) chi ra r^ng, sff lidn ket giffa cac nhan to' dff dodn khdng vi pham gid dinh ve da cdng tuye'n vi td't ca cdc he so (tff 1.027 d^n 1.821) d^u< 2, nam trong khoang dffpe cha'p nhSn (Nguydn Dinh Thp, 2011), Bang 6.
Tff ke't qua Bang 6, ta cd the vidt Iai phffdng tnnh cac yeu to' tac ddng dd'n y dinh khdi nghidp eua sinh vidn Trffdng Dai hpc Tdy Nguydn nhff sau:
YDKN = 0,489* Mdi trffdng khdi nghidp + 0,188* Hd trd khdi nghidp + 0,136* Sff tff tin + 0,lI4*Cha'p nhan nil ro + 0,094* Gido diJcDai hpc -I- 0,078* Thai do ed nhdn.
4.3. Mqt sd gidi phdp nham nang cao y d\nh khdi nghiep cua sinh vien
Thii nhal, ddi vdi sinh vien.
Phan idn sinh vidn can ndng eao ky ndng khdi
Bang 4. Tom tdt mo hinh iUodei
1 R .759a
R Square .576
Adjusted R Square .672
Std. EiTor of the Estimate 572
Durtiin-Watson 1.110 Nguon: Kel qud xd ly sd lieu diiu tra
Bang 5. Kiem djnh phufdng sai ANOVA Model
1
Regression Residual
Total
Sum of Squares 240.295 176732 417 027
df 6 541 547
Mean Square | F 40.049 1 122 596
.327
Sig.
.000b
Nguon: Kei qud xd ly sdlieu dieu Ira Bdng 6. Ket qud hoi quy
Model
1 (Constant) 1 GDDH
TDCN 1 1 CNRR
MTKN HTKN STT
Unstandardized Coefficients B -1220
Std. EiTOT .279 088 1, 027 .079
.112 .510 .357 .161
.029 .037 .038 .062 .038
Standardized Coefficients
Beta
.094 .078 .114 .489 .188 .136
t
-4.366 3.308 2 666 3.021 13.465 5.729 4.188
Sig.
.000 .001 .008 .003 .000 .000 .000
Coiiinearity Statistics Tolerance
.974 .921
VIF
1.027 1.086 .549 1.821 .594 1.684 .727
.746 1.376 1 34""l Nguon: Kei qud .xd ly sdlieu dieu Ira
QUANTRj-quiiNLY
nghiep, mac dii hp rd't tff tin, khao khat ed mdt dia vi cao trong xa hpi, mud'n dffpe mpi ngffdi tdn trpng va bid't de'n, ludn thieh trai nghidm nhffng edi mdi va san sang eha'p nhan rui ro trong kinh doanh.
Can phdi chu dpng trau ddi, ndng cao kie'n thffc va ky nang can thid't ve khdi nghidp (dac bidt la do'i vdi sinh vien khdng thudc khd'i nganh kinh Id').
Chu dpng phdt trien eae tinh each ed nhan va ky ndng de lam cd sd hinh thanh tff duy va hidn thifc hda y tffdng khdi nghiep.
Ndng cao kha nang kid'm sodt hoat ddng kinh doanh, kha ndng tao Idp cdc md'i quan he de' hd trp vide kinh doanh nhdm bie'n dff dinh khdi nghiep thanh hdnh ddng thffc sff. Di^u nay cdn giup sinh vidn khi tid'n hanh khdi nghidp ed thd' gat hdi dffde thdnh edng, ddng thdi han ehd' nhffng nguy cdgap phai.
Thd hai, ddi vdi mdi trUdng khdi nghiep trong Nhd trUdng.
Can cd md'i lien ke't chat che giffa Trffdng vd eae doanh nghiep nham cho sinh vidn tie'p can vdi nhffng ky ndng thffc td', ndn tao san chdi khdi nghidp eho sinh vidn trong Trffdng.
cin bo sung nhi^u hdn nffa eae hpe phan ed du ed kid'n thffe, ky ndng va thdi dp nhdm trang bi day du hdnh trang vd ddng ed de sinh vidn cd y chi tff khdi nghidp. Thay ddi phffdng phdp gidng day, gia tdng tinh thffc te', noi dung chffdng trinh hpe phai ehuan hoa theo hffdng Irpng tam la trang bi nhffng kid'n thffc vd ky nang vdn dung hdn la tap trung vao Iy thuyd't.
Trung tdm hffdng nghidp va khdi nghiep can Idng cffdng hd trd cho sinh vidn cd nhffng thdng tin, chinh sdch can thie't ma cdc em quan tdm.
Tdng cffdng hoat ddng truyen thdng ve eae cudc thi, cdc hoat ddng lien quan de' ndng cao y Ihffc khdi nghidp kinh doanh va tinh than doanh nhdn cho sinh vien. To' chffe eae cudc thi vidt kd' hoach kinh doanh hoae xdy dffng y tffdng kinh doanh nham ndng eao nhdn thffe, phat huy kha nang sang tao va tdp dffdt eho qua trinh khdi nghidp.
Nhd trffdng nen ke't hpp, hdp Ide chat ehd vdi cac doanh nghidp, hdi doanh nghiep tre Iinh Ddk Lak di tao dieu kien Ihuan ldi vd cd hdi eho sinh vien tie'p cdn trinh bay cae y tffdng khdi nghiep.
Dpi ngij giang vien giang day ve khdi sff kinh doanh phai la nhffng ngffdi am hid'u sau sdc va cd kinh nghiem trong hoat ddng khdi nghidp.
Thii ba, ddi vdi moi trudng khdi nghiep ben ngodi.
- Ve phia gia dinh: Can tao dieu kidn vd ung hd vd mat Iinh than, ngudn vo'n de khuye'n khich cdc ban sinh vien tff khdi nghiep. Nhffng gia dinh cd h-uyen Ihd'ng kinh doanh hay tao dieu kien hpn nffa eho ede ban sinh vidn vaehamthffc te'ngay tai mdi trffdng eua gia dinh.
- Vd phia cac cd quan quan ly nha nffdc Can ed ede chinh saeh khuye'n khich va hd trd sinh vidn khdi nghidp dffdi cdc hinh thffc nhff hd trd vd'n d giai doan dau, xay dffng cdc chffdng trinh dff an kinh doanh danh ridng eho sinh vidn khdi nghiep.
Tuyen truydn manh me hdn nffa ve vai trd cua gia dinh trong hoat ddng khdi nghiep kinh doanh cua nhffng ngifdi than; de hp y thffc rd hdn ve ldi ieh eua boat ddng KSKD dd'i vdi thanh nidn ndi ridng vd phdt tnen kinh te' qud'c gia ndi chung.
Quan tdm hdn nffa de'n viee trien khai cde hoat ddng xdy dffng vd phdt trid'n he sinh thdi khdi nghidp dd'i mdi sdng tao cua tinh.
Thue day xay dffng va phat trien mang ludi dao tao khdi nghiep, giup cho sinh vien cd hoai bao, dam me kinh doanh ngay tff ghe' nhd trffdng.
Hinh thdnh quy dau tff khdi nghidp de hd trd sinh vidn.
Danh nhieu hdn cdc khoan tai trd cung nhff hd trp Trffdng Dai hpc Tay Nguyen thffe hien edng tdc dao tao, md cae Idp dao tao, hua'n luyen nhdm hu'dng dd'n nhu cau khdi sff kinh doanh eua sinh vidn. Ke't nd'i vdi mang Iffdi ede quy dau Iff mao hid'm trong va ngodi tinh dd' hd Ird hidn thifc hda y tffdng va nang cao ndng life kinh doanh cho cac doanh nghiep khdi nghidp ndi chung vd sinh vidn ndi ridng.
5. Kd't luan
Khdi nghiep da va dang dffdc Dang, Nhd nffdc dong hanh, hd trd trdn ede ITnh vffe d td't ea cae cap, eae nganh ndi chung vd hpe sinh, sinh vidn ndi ridng. Nghidn effu da chi rd mud'n hidn thffe hda ede y tffdng khdi nghidp can phai tao ra mdt mdi trffdng that td't de cd nhffng lae ddng tich effe dd'n nhffng y tffdng khdi nghidp.
Qua phan tieh va danh gid, nghidn cffu giup cho ban thdn mdi sinh vidn eiing nhff Nha Irffdng vd cac bdn lien quan cd cdi nhin day du va toan dien hdn, tff dd ed nhffng giai phap phu hdp nham hidn thffc hda nhieu hdn cac y dinh khdi nghidp cua sinh vien trong thdi gian tdi •
TAP CHi CDNG THtflfNG
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Ngay nhan bai: 12/5/2020
Ngay phan bi$n danh gia va siSa chfla: 22/5/2020 Ngay chap nh§n dang bai: 2/6/2020
Thong tin trie gid:
TS-NGUYINVANDAT
Khoa Kinh ti- Trtfeng Dai hoc TSy Nguy6n
DETERMINING FACTORS AFFECTING THE START-UP INTENTION OF STUDENTS STUYDING
AT TAY NGUYEN UNIVERSITY
• Ph.D NGUYEN VAN DAT Faculty of Economics, Toy Nguyen University
ABSTRACT:
This study is lo identify the factors affecting the start-up intentions of 3rd and 4th-year students of Tay Nguyen University. The sttidy's data were collected from 548 students and the study was conducted by using mixed research methods. The studied theoretical model was tested by using the Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple linear regression analysis. This study's results reveal that there are 6 factors affecting the start-up intentions of students. In which, the start-up environment is the most influencing factor. Based on these findings, some solutions are given to encourage students to start their businesses in the funire.
Keywords: Start-up, start-up intention, students, Tay Nguyen University, influencing factor.
