304 Ung dung ky thuat dan dng thep mdt hoae hai ldp trong cdng tac sua chua Ion.
tnVG DUNG KY THUAT D A N ONG THEP MOT HOAC HAI LCfP TRONG CONG TAC
SITA C H I T A L O NGIENG KHOAN
6 XNLD VIETSOVPETRO
Hoang Qudc Khanh, Nguyin Van Tuyen Cao My Lgi, Nguyen Van DQng XNLD Vietsovpetro Cao Ngge Lam Trudng Dgi hpc Md - Dia cliat
TOM TAT
Qud trinh khoan, khai thde vd ddc biet khi thuc hien sua chira ldn giing khoan thudng gdy ra hu hgi cpt dng chdng khai thde a cdc muc dp khdc nhau. Sd lieu thdng ke tinh trgng ky thudt cpt dng chdng khai thde [1, 8] a mpt sd giing khoan khai thde a XNLD Vietsovpetro (Bdng 1) cho thdy rdng: Phdn phirc tgp chii yiu (chiem tdi 80% sd gieng khoan cd cdc phuc tgp khdc nhau trong qud trinh nghiin cim) lien quan din hien tugng mdn dng chdng do keo thd vd xoay dung cu khoan, cdp dia vdt ly, khi xu ly axit via. O nhiiu giing xdy ra mdn dng hdu nhu tren todn bp chiiu ddi. Hien tugng thimg vd rdeh dng chdng, dirt dng chdng ciing nhu mdi mdn vd thiing ddu ndi chuyin tiip giira 2 cdp dudng kinh dng chdng ciing thudng gap d cdc giing da tiin hdnh nhiiu ldn cdng tdc cuu su cd. Ren dng chdng khai thde khdng kin ciing dugc phdt hien d hdng logt cdc giing khoan.
Bang 1: Tinh trang ky thuat 6ng khai thac d mot so gieng khoan cua XNLD Vietsovpetro
STT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Dang phuc tap
An mdn, an mdn nghiem trgng Bdp meo
Thung va rach ong
Hu hong dau ndi chuyen tiep Thiet bi tram tang khong kin Dut va roi ong chong
5*0 giing 28/35*
18/35 8/49 3/49 2/49 1/49
Ghi chit
Nhieu ong bi an mdn tren chieu d^i Do nhieu nguyen nhan khae nhau Do cuu sy cd khae nhau
Keo tha, phay mai thdi gian dai Thilt bi tram kilu MSC, PDM Ong chdng 0178mm
Ghi chii: * Tdng sd giing phirc tgp dugc dua ra nghiin ciru nguyen nhdn
Thdng ke cung cho thay dng chdng dudng kinh 0140mm chiem ty le hu hai cao trong sd cac loai dudng kinh dng chdng 0194, 0178, 0168 va 0140mm dang dugc su dyng phd biin trong ciu tnic dng chdng khai thac d XNLD Vietsovpetro.
Do cac sy ed va phuc tap khae nhau, thyc tl nhieu gieng khoan d XNLD
Tuyin tap bao cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Cff hgi mdi, thach thde moT' 305
Vietsovpetro hien nay khdng the tiep tuc duy tri qua trinh khai thac binh thudng, nhit la d cac gieng cd phuc tap lien quan den cdt dng 0140mm.
Nham dn dinh va duy tri san lugng khai thac dau, ddng thdi vin phai tuan thu diy du cac quy che an toan qua trinh khai md, tbi viec sua chua dng chdng khai thac, khdi phye do kin, dam bao thdng gieng de tha cdt can khai thac va thiet bi ldng giing mdi dang dugc dat ra cap thiet bon bao gid bet.
cAC GIM
PHAPCONG NGHE KHOI PHUC DO KIN ONG CHONG KHAI
T H A C Cac giai phap khdi phuc do kin bien nay thudng ap dyng d tren the gidi la:- Bom tram ap suat vua xi mang min vao eae vi tri hu hai,
- Dan ep phu len doan khdng kin (doan dng hu hdng) bang dng thep dinh hinh cd bl day tu 3 - 7mm,
- Gan day, cac cdng ty hang dau tren the gidi da ung dyng giai phap dan dng khdng phai vat lieu thep ma la dng che tao tu vat lieu hdn hgp polime. U'ng dyng dai tra cdng nghe nay phai chang se tao ra dugc mdt bude ngoat thyc sy trong viec sua dng chdng tren the gidi vi gia thanh re, nhanh chdng, tien lgi?
- Neu phan dng chdng bi hu hai cd kich thudc ldn, trong khi ap suat via cao thi giai phap bat bude la gia cd doan dng nay bang cdt dng chdng lung hoae bao phu doan nay bang cdt dng chdng cd chieu dai 100 - 200m.
Kinh nghiem ung dyng ky thuat dan dng thep cho thay rang, phuong phap sua dng chdng bang dan dng kim loai trong hau bet cac trudng hgp la giai phap cd trien vgng, kinh te va don gian hon ca. Do vay, viec tim hieu ky cac uu the cung nhu nhugc diem cua cdng nghe nay trong dieu kien Viet Nam cho phep dua ra nhieu phuang an lya chgn giai phap sua gieng nham phye hdi va gia tang san lugng khai thac dau tu cac md dang khai thac d san lugng dinh va dang cd xu hudng giam san lugng.
KY THUAT SITA ONG CHONG B A N G CONG NGHE D A N ONG THEP DEVH HINH La ky thuat dugc nghien cuu va phat trien tu nhung nam 50 cua the ky trudc d Lien Xd cu. Trong giai doan phat trien manh cd tdi 6 vien toan lien bang cung tham gia nghien cuu va ung dyng ky thuat nay [6]. 6 cac nude phuang Tay, sy nhap cudc nghien cuu bat dau vao khoang nhung nam 1952 - 1956, cho den nay da cd khoang 10 cdng ty ldn cung tham gia phat trien ung dyng nay nhu Baker Oil Tool, Weatherford, Halliburton, Schlumberger, Enventure [6, 13 -^ 16, v.v...).
Do cd tiem luc tai chinh ddi dao, kha nang nhanh chdng ung dyng cac thanh tyu ky thuat mdi nhat ve vat lieu va cdng nghe vao thyc te nen d mdt sd hang da cd nhung bude phat trien vugt bae trong ITnh vyc sua ehua ong chdng bang ky thuat dan dng nhu Baker Oil Tool, Schlumberger, Eventure-USA, v.v...
Cdng nghe dan dng cung duge ung dyng rdng rai trong ddi sdng dan dyng de ghep ndi cac ket cau tu sat, tu nhdm, cac loai cua ra vao bing kim loai hay cac loai vat lieu cung khae nhau bang each tan cac loai dinh dc bing nhdm hay thep khdng gi.
306 il'ng dung ky thuat dan ong thep mgt hoae hai Idp trong cdng tac sda chQ-a ldn.
XNLD Vietsovpetro da ung dyng ky thuat dan dng vao viec sua chua d hang loat giing khoan vdi ket qua kha quan cho phep di den ket luan ring, day la cdng nghe can dugc ung dyng rdng rai ban nua d Viet Nam.
Ban chit cua cdng nghe nay la su dung dng thep cd tiet dien cat ngang dang mui khe -ggi tit la dng mui khe (Hinh 1) dugc bao phu be mat ngoai bang vat lieu lam kin, chung dugc tha vao giing khoan den noi dng bi hu hdng, sau dd bang thiet bi can chuyen dyng boat ddng theo nguyen tac co - thuy lyc (cac kieu dau bap ehudi - Hinh 2) dng mui khe nay dugc nong va dan ep chat vao thanh dng chdng noi bu bai.
Hinh 1: Thay doi bien dang ngang cua ong thep khi tha, gian nd va ket thuc dan ong
Hinh 2: Cac kieu c6n bap chu6i de dan ong thep
(a, b va c - cac kieu dau bap ehudi dan ong co hgc; d - dau dan thuy luc dang cdn phing, e - diu thuy lyc dang con dinh hinh; f - dau cdn ket hgp ca - thuy luc; g, h - dau bap ehudi thuy lyc)
Tuygn tap bao eao Hdi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Cff hdi mdi, thach thde mdi" 307
CAu TRUC, VAT LIEU vA PHtTONG TIEN CHE TAO ONG THEP MUI KHE
Ong thep cd bien dang mui khe thye chat la de thu nhd dudng kinh ngoai cua ong khi tha vao gieng, sau dd dugc nong va can ep dinh vao thanh dng chdng trudc bing phuong phap can lanh thdng qua dau bap ehudi thuy lyc. Vdi myc dich tang kha nang lam kin khi dan ddng thdi each ly sy tiep xue tryc tiep gida be mat dng chdng va dng mui khi tranh an mdn dien cyc, nen be mat ngoai cua dng dugc bao phu bdi ldp vat lieu lam kin chuyen dyng. O Lien bang Nga thudng su dyng cac loai vat lieu sau:
- Thanh phan polime tren co sd hdn hgp Epoxy (ky bieu ED-5, ED-6),
- Thanh phan edt tren co sd hdn hgp chat Nairita NT (tieu chuan TU 38-10518-77).
Mac du hdn hgp polime tren co sd nhya Epoxy tuong ddi ben va tin cay de lam kin cac khe hd. Id bgt hinh thanh giua mat ngoai dng thep va mat trong dng chdng sau khi dan ep nhumg khdng tien lgi khi bao phu vi chung cd dac tinh ddng cung nhanh. Do vay, hien nay d Lien bang Nga bude dau da thu nghiem va dua vao ung dyng loai vat lieu bao phu mdi nhu hdn hgp Maroli, vai thuy tinh [12, 92], v.v...
Tuy nhien, do trong vat lieu bao phu ludn phai su dyng cac phy gia lam cham qua trinh ddng cung nhung loai hdn hgp nay thudng cd do phat tan cao, kha nang chiu nhiet chi tdi 120°C nen hien nay cac trung tam nghien cuu tren the gidi dang nd lyc tim kiem nhiing loai vat lieu mdi dn dinh, ben va an toan ban cho ngudi su dyng nhu hdn hgp cd thanh phan kem, chi. Ngoai ra, bude cai tien nua la cdng nghe bao phu be mat lam kin dugc thay bang phuang phap phun nhu cd dac diem deu va nhanh.
CHU VI VA BIEN DANG DINH HINH CUA ONG THEP DINH HINH
Cac nghien cuu cho thay cac hinh dang bien dang cua dng thep mui khe cung nhu chu vi ngoai cua dng cd y nghia quyet dinh den kha nang lam kin khi dan. Khe hd giua dudng kinh ngoai cua dng thep khi tha va dudng kinh trong cua dng phai dat gia tri 6 -
10mm. Bien dang chuan cua dng thep nhu Hinh 1, chu vi cua dng thep dugc tinh toan theo phuang phap tinh chu vi thudng ap dyng cho dng thep nhieu mui khe nhu sau:
Ln = ^^(R + kh)*(2B + a) 180° t \ ^ /
O day n la sd mui khe; R la ban kinh phan ldi va phan ldm cua mui khe; k la he sd cd tinh den vi tri cua ldp trung hda khi dng bj udn; h la be day thanh dng thep; P la gdc xac dinh chieu dai cung ldm, a la gdc phan nhanh giua 2 mui khe (Hinh 3).
Hinh 3: Tinh toan chu vi cua ong thep mui khe
1- 6ng chong dirge dan khi sira ; 2- 6ng thep mui khi
308 ling dung ky thuat dan dng thep mdt hoae hai ldp trong cdng tac sda chua Idn.
Bang 2. Moi quan he gifl-a du-dng kinh ong va so mui khe Dudng kinh
ong So mui khe
0140 6
0146 6
0168 8
0178 8
0194 8
0219 10
0245 12
0 2 7 3 12
0 2 9 9 14
0325 14
VAT LIEU THEP CHE TAO ONG THEP MUI KHE
Do dac tinh cua cdng nghe dan dng, vat lieu thep vua phai du mem (deo) de qua trinh can va ep vao thanh dng chdng dien ra thuan lgi nhung van phai du cung vung vdi dieu kien khai thac dau tiep theo d gieng khoan, do vay viec lya chgn loai thep thich hgp da dugc nhieu tac gia de tam nghien cuu [2, 3, 12]. Ket qua thu nghiem lau dai da xac dinh rang cac loai vat lieu hieu qua ban ca de che tao dng thep d Lien bang Nga la thep 10, 20 va hgp kim Crl8NI10T. Day la cac loai thep cd mdi quan he giua do deo va do ben hgp ly. Loai mac thep Crl8NI10T cd kha nang chiu an mdn cao. Cdn d Hoa Ky, cac cong ty thudng su dyng thep L80 de che tao dng thep dinh hinh.
Ve chieu day dng thep mui khe, trong khi Lien bang Nga su dyng mdt loai be day phdi thep la 3mm thi cac hang cua Hoa Ky dua ra mgt sd chieu day khae nhau tao ra su lya chgn phong phu cho ngudi su dyng. Day la uu the ldn trong viec lya chgn cdng nghe phu hgp vdi dieu kien gieng khoan kbi thiet ke sua chua.
CONG NGHE GIA CONG VA CHE TAO ONG THEP MUI KHE
Tu cac loai dng thep phdi dugc chuan bi san, mdt dau dng dugc kep chat bing bd ga chuyen dyng de keo rut qua he thdng con lan ep nen dinh binh bd tri d bl mat ngoai ciia dng thep. Sd lugng va bien dang con lan tuy thudc vao dudng kinh dng chdng cin sua. De giam lyc keo va ma sat dge true khi can, bl mat ngoai cua phdi dugc bao phu ldp md graphit. Hien nay d Lien bang Nga cung nhu cae cdng ty khae da nghien cuu va dua vao ung dyng cac loai vat lieu chdng an mdn bao phu ca bl mat ben trong cua dng nhim bao dam chat lugng cao, dng thep trudc khi dua vao su dyng.
Chieu dai mdt doan dng thep mui khe thudng dugc chi tao gidng nhau 9m (dng cua Lien bang Nga) va 9,1 Im (vdi dng mui khi theo chuin API).
QUY TRINH CONG NGHE CO BAN Q U A TRINH T H A VA DAN ONG
La cdng nghe duge ap dyng de sua hang nghin giing khoan d Lien bang Nga [9], do vay mdt quy trinh eo ban cua cdng nghe sua dng chdng bing phuang phap dan dng thep mui khe dugc thiet ke bao gdm nhung phin viec co ban sau (hinh 4):
- Dat cau, each ly via san phim khdi doan sua, - Tien hanh thdng gieng bang diu thdng co hgc, - Thye hien nan sua dng chdng (neu dng bj bdp meo),
- Xac dinh chieu sau doan dng khdng kin (vdi do chinh xac yeu ciu ±500 mm), - Lam sach be mat ben trong eua doan dng chdng dugc sua,
Tuygn tap bao cao Hdi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Cff hgi mdi, thach thde mdi" 309
/ / / / / / ll f VJ yii III I Pi S XI
. ' I
Hinh 4: Quy trinh co* ban thuc hien c6ng nghe dan 6ng thep dinh hinh
- Xac dinh cac thdng sd dac trung ve hinh dang va kich thudc doan hu hai bang cac phuong phap co hgc, dia vat ly khae nhau,
- Bao phu ldp lam kin len be mat ngoai eua dng thep,
- Thiet bi dugc su dyng de dan dng (dau bap ehudi thuy luc) dugc lap vao dau dng thep de dang, khdng vudng ket. Do ben cua dyng cy can phai thoai man dieu kien sau:
[ N y ] > l , 6 [ N p ] > 4 0 0 k N
Trong dd: N^: do ben pha buy cho phep cua thiet bi can, kN; Np: ung luc keo cang cho phep cua dau bap ehudi khi can dng, [Np] = 250kN.
- Qua trinh nong va can dng, d thdi diem dau bap ehudi di vao dng thep de ed dinh (neo) dng thep vao dng chdng trudc thi can phai tao ap suat d dau bap ehudi 1,3-1,5 lan ldn ban gia tri ap suat trong qua trinh can,
- Neu su dyng bd neo dng (la gdi dd) cho phan dau dng thep thi ap suat du ban dau de neo chung vao dng chdng phai dat gia tri 1,5-1,7 lan ldn hon so vdi khi can dng,
- Khi can lai, phai dat gia tri ap suat 1,3 - 1,5 lan ldn ban ap suat khi can lan dau, - Xac dinh chat lugng dan dng thep bang bom ep vdi cac gia tri ap suat khae nhau tuy thudc vao dac tinh ky thuat, dac trung hinh dang va kich thudc cua doan dng sua.
Sir CO vA LOAI TRir Sir c o
TRONG QUA TRINH THAO TAC DAN ONG CHONG Trong qua trinh thao tac dan dng, ddi khi xuat hien cac sy cd va phuc tap khae nhau, do vay ta can phai biet cac dang, nguyen nhan va cac giai phap khae phye. Cac dang phuc tap thudng gap la:- Khdng kin d chinh doan hu hai sau khi dan dng sua chua, - Dat dng thep mui khe khdng chinh xac vao vi tri cin thilt,
- Hien tugng dinh ket thiet bi tha va dan dng vao dng thep mui khi, - Dut gay dyng ey, thiet bi trong qua trinh tha hoae keo thilt bi, - Ket va roi thiet bj tha vao noi bdp meo dng chdng,
- Hien tugng trugt (djch chuyin) dng mui khi khdi noi da dan.
310 U'ng dung ky thuat dan dng thep mgt hojc hai ldp trong cdng tac sda chQ-a ldn...
Nguyen nhan phuc tap va sy cd tuy nhilu nhung cd thi phan thanh 3 nhdm chinh nhu sau: nhdm cdng nghe, nhdm ky thuat va nhdm cac nguyen nhan do cdng tac td chuc.
1. Nhom cac nguyen nhan cong nghe
- Ldp vat lieu lam kin tren be mat dng mui khe khdng cd hoae kem chat lugng, - Thdng tin ve hinh dang, kich thudc va dac trung noi hu bai khdng du,
- Dinh vi sai chieu sau doan dng chdng can sua,
- Khdng tuan thu diy du quy trinh dan dng, ap lyc can khdng du cung nhu qua trinh can lap lai thyc hien khdng dam bao chat lugng,
- Lyc dan ep dng mui khe vao dng chdng d giai doan dau tien khdng du nen ong ldng va tyt xudng,
- Khdng thyc hien thdng gieng hoae thyc hien bang dau thdng gieng cd kich thudc khdng dat yeu cau,
- Hien tugng bdp meo hoae ovan eua dng chdng chua duge loai tru triet de,
- Thyc hien qua nhieu thao tac can dng khi sua chua, dac biet khi gap doan dng bi hdng dang khe nut dai lam kich thudc khe nut tang len.
2. Nhdm cac nguyen nhan ky thuat
- Su dyng loai dng mui khe kem chat lugng (thanh phan hda hgc, dac tinh co ly khdng dam bao cung nhu cac dang khuyet tat khae),
- Khdng bao phu bet doan sua bang dng mui khe, chgn chieu day thanh dng khdng phu hgp.
3. Nhdm cac nguyen nhan td chii-c
- Su dyng trang thiet bi chua dugc can ehinh hoae can chinh chua dat yeu ciu, - Thieu cac dyng cu kiem tra va do cac thdng sd tai trgng, ap suat,
- Khdng tuan thu nghiem tuc che do cdng nghe cung nhu cac thdng sd can thiet trong qua trinh lam viee.
De ngan ngua va loai tru cac sy cd phuc tap ke tren, chung ta can phai thyc hien chinh xac va cd trach nhiem tat ca cac cdng doan. Tap hgp diy du cac tai lieu, ban hudng dan cung nhu cac quy tae an toan trong qua trinh lam viec. Ngoai ra, viec thyc hien cdng viec phai do cac chuyen gia lanh nghi, dugc dao tao diy du va bai ban.
Trudng 'igp dinh ket dyng cy tha, ta cd the giai phdng bd can bang each quay phai cho den khi bg can duge giai phdng sau do mdi thyc hien cac thao tac cuu sy cd.
Viec loai bd dng'mui khe dan kem chat lugng cd the thyc hien bang viec phay kit hgp tuan hoan trong gieng khoan. Phan phoi kim loai do khoan pha dugc liy len bing diu nhiem tu, cdn cac thiet bi tha dugc liy len bang cac dung ey cuu sy cd chuyen dyng.
Tuygn tap bao cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Vift Nam: Cff hgi mdi, thach thde mdi" 3i:
U N G DUNG CONG NGHE D A N ONG vAO SUA CHITA GIENG KHOAN O XNLD VIETSOVPETRO
Hien nay, XNLD Vietsovpetro ap dyng ky thuat dan dng thep mui khe theo cdng nghe cua Lien bang Nga vdi don vi trung thau la Cdng ty Exbur, vung Kraxnodar. Tdng sd giing khoan da ap dung ky thuat dan dng thep de sua gieng la 8, trong dd tat ca dng chdng deu cd dudng kinh 0168mm (Bang 2).
Bang 2: U'ng dung ky thuat dan ong thep d XNLD Vietsovpetro IT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gieng/
Gidn 46-1 908-4
104-5 502-5 120-6 86-6 905-9
91-4
Ngdy thdng 12-2000
8-2000 12-2002 12-2001
1-2002 4-1997 7-2004 8-2004
dng chdng
0168mm 0168mm 0168mm 0168mm
0168mm 0168mm 0168mm 0168mm
Khodng ddn dng 2505-2516
474-483 525-534 577-586 977-1135 2910-2919 2277-2295 2800-2809 711-729 2626-2617
1883-1892 1980-1989
Ket qud
Dat yeu cau Dat yeu cau Dat yeu cau Dat yeu cau Dat yeu cau Dinh ong thep
Dat yeu cau Dat yeu cau
Ghi chu
khae phuc mon + b6p meo khae phuc mai mon d dd tha dng lung 0127mm
dvan sau khi dan dvan sau khi dan khae phuc mai mon khae phuc mon + bdp meo
khae phuc mai mon Ket qua tu Bang 2 cho thay rang:
- Hau bet cac trudng hgp dan dng thep khi sua gieng deu dat ket qua thanh cdng, - C) mdt sd gieng da dan 2 - 3 doan chieu sau khae nhau, phan ldn la de khae phye mai mdn dng chdng nghiem trgng,
- 6 gieng 104-5, da ung dyng ky thuat dan chdng lien tiep 2 ldp thep vdi myc dich tao d do chac chan de treo cdt dng chdng lung 0127mm tha trong dng chdng 0168mm (Hai doan dng mui khe cd chieu dai nhu nhau va dan len cung mdt doan chieu sau). Ket qua do tu tinh CCL kiem tra do chinh xac doan dan cho thay hai doan dng dugc chdng kbit len nhau, sai sd khoang ± 0,15m,
- Kiem tra tiet dien ngang bang dyng cy do dudng kinh dng chdng kieu MFA-40 (Multi Finger Arm) eho thiy hiu hit bien dang ngang dat yeu cau, duy chi cd d 2 gieng 502-5 va 120-6 do dvan cua dng chdng cdn nam d muc cao, thue chat la do cdng tac thdng gieng va nan doan dng bi bdp meo chua dat yeu ciu,
- Mdt trudng hgp (d gieng 86-6) da xay ra su co khi thao tac, dng thep dinh hinh bi rach sau khi dan. Cdng tac cuu su cd khdng dat yeu ciu, chua thyc hien dugc cdng tac giai phdng doan dng thep da bi bu hai.
3 12 ling dung ky thuat dan dng thep mgt hoae hai ldp trong cdng tac su-a chQ-a IdTi...
T H A C H THirC vA KHO K H A N Of XNLD VIETSOVPETRO HIEN NAY TRONG
SITA C H I T A ONG KHAI T H A C
Tuy kit qua tuong doi thanh cdng khi sua dng, nhung thyc tl van chua dap ung nhu ciu sua dng chdng d XNLD Vietsovpetro, bdi vi hien nay mdi chi thyc hien sua duy nhat mdt loai 6ng dudng kinh 0168mm trong khi cap dudng kinh 0140mm cua dng khai thac lai dugc dung kha phd biin cung can sua d rat nhieu gieng.
Cac trd ngai khi sua dng 0140mm la khi dan dng, tit ylu dudng kinh trong cua giing khoan bi thu hep dang kl, keo theo viec thay ddi toan bd ciu true va dac tinh ky thuat cua he thilt bi long giing, cin khai thac va tat ca trang thiet bi di kem.
Ngoai ra, dng chdng 0140mm thudng chdng qua tang Oligoxen (tang via ap suat di thudng cao, gradient ap suit via d nhilu gieng cd the dat tdi 1,60 - 1,68) trong khi giai doan khai thac hien nay, cac giing se din dugc chuyen sang khai thac bang phuong phap gaslift, tuc la se tao chenh ap ldn giua ben trong va ben ngoai gieng. Do vay, yeu cau vua bao dam kin trong doan dan vua dap ung kha nang duy tri chenh ap ldn la mdt thach thuc khdng nhd cho viec ung dyng ky thuat kha phd bien va hieu qua nay. Chinh vi vay, hien nhilu giing khoan d XNLD Vietsopetro dang trong tinh trang bao quan de lua chgn phuong phap va cdng nghe sua gieng hieu qua hon.
KET LUAN vA KIEN NGHI
1. Dan dng thep mui khi trong sua chua gieng la giai phap ky thuat thuc hien nhanh chdng, don gian, dat hieu qua kinh te va ky thuat cao so vdi cac giai phap khdi phuc do kin dng chdng dang dugc ap dyng bien nay d tren the gidi.
2. Nam vijng ky thuat dan dng thep, ta cd the thyc hien hieu qua nhieu cdng viec khae nhau nhu dan dng thep trong than tran de gia cd tam thdi doan phuc tap trong qua trinh khoan, dat cau each ly trong dng chdng khai thac tam thdi va vTnh vien, tao d dd de treo dng chdng lung, v.v...
3. Su dyng ket hgp tram xi mang dudi ap suat va dan dng sau dd se cung cd va tang do ben doan sua gieng len dang ke.
4. Mdt trong nhung ban che co ban cua phuong phap dan dng la giam dudng kinh gieng khoan. Do vay, viec lya chgn cdng nghe hgp ly phai can ddi ca bai toan duy tri va dn dinh san lugng khai thac, chi phi sua va he thiet bi ldng gieng mdi dugc su dung sau khi sua.
5. Vat lieu lam kin bao phu be mat dng thep dinh hinh hien nay dang lam ban che chieu sau ung dyng ky thuat nay vao cdng tac sua gieng d XNLD Vietsovpetro. Do vay, de ung dyng triet de ky thuat dan dng thep vao cdng tac sua gieng cd chieu sau ldn, nhiet do dat tdi 140 - 150°C, ddi hdi viee hoan thien va nang cao do tin cay cua vat lieu bao phu be mat dng thep.
Tuygn tap bao eao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Vift Nam: Cff hgi mdi, thach thde mdi" 313
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