Cac nguyen tdc tu duy v^ hoan thien the che kinh te thi tniong dinh huong xa hoi chu nghia anuoc ta hi^n nay
P h ^ V d n H o ^
Dal hQC Su pham Hh Noi — PhSn hieu H^ Nam
Nghj quyit Dgi hOi Ding Iin thii XII x i c djnh: Viec phit Uiin nin kinh l i Uij Uudng djnh hudng xi hOi chii nghla dirg'c xem li md hinh kinh t i tdng quit eua nude ta Uong thdi ky qui dO di Iin chu nghla xi hOi. Tu Dgi hOi VI, Ding, Nhi nude d i chii trpng nghiin ciiu, ddi mdi nhin Unic, ly Iuin, cd nhiiu chii truong, chinh sich, biin phip xiy dyng, hoin Uiiin thi c h i kinh l i thj hudng djnh hudng xi hOi chu nghla; ludn coi diy Ii nhiim vy quan Irpng hing diu Uong sp nghiip ddi mdi phit triin dit nude.
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oin thiin thi c h i kinh t i thj trudng dinh hudng xa hOi chu nghia l i mOt yiu ciu c i p bieh dii ra vi e i mil ly luin v i thpe tiin d Vi§i Nam hiin nay. Thyc t i kinh t i Viit Nam dang vin dOng Uieo xu hudng nay Tuy nhiin, kinh t i thj tnrdng djnh hudng xi hOi ehii nghia la gi? Hoin thiin thi c h i kinh ti Ui| trudng d|nh hudng x i hdi chii nghia nhu Uii ntio? Li cic ciu hdi chua cd cau tri ldi diy dii. Di gdp phin lim sing Id thim eho c i c vin d i dd, trong bii viil nky chiing tdi b i n vi c i c nguyin tic tu duy hoin thi§n Ihi c h i kinh t i thi tnrdng djnh hudng xi hOi chii nghla.Tu duy li mOt ddng chiy ma hogt dOng nhin thue cua eon ngudi chiy Uong ddng chiy dd vi eho ra cac san phim cua nhin thiic. Niu ddng chiy tu duy ddng nhil vdi tdn Igi thi nhin thiie theo ddng chiy tu duy dd mdi c6 thi ky vpng dgt dupe chin ly, nhd dd mdi cd thi dem Igi sp phit triin eho hiin Uiuc. Ngupc lai, n i u ddng chiy Iu duy khdng ddng nhat vdi tdn tgi, thi nhting sin phim cua nhin Uiire theo ddng chiy dd hoic khdng khi Uii trong hiin thpe, hoic s i lim meo mO hiin thpe vi se bj hien thpe dao thai. Vdi y nghla nhu viy, tu duy vi kinh t i thi trudng djnh hudng x i hOi chii nghia vi hoin Uiiin Ihi c h i kinh l i thj trudng djnh hudng x i hOi chii nghia cd mdt y nghla d i e biit quan Irpng.
Di Ui Idi eiu hdi: Hoin Uiien Uii c h i kinh t i th|
Uudng djnh hudng xa hOi ehu nghia nhu Uii nao? Thi Inide hit phii tri Idi ciu hdi trong tu duy, kinh te Ihi Uudng vi x i hOi ehii nghia cd the hop nhit trong mdt chinh Uii hay khdng? Diy la eiu hdi xuit phat diem quan Upng eiia tu duy.
Niu ciu U-i Idi trong tu duy ve ciu hdi dd li khdng, thl se din tdi hai khuynh hudng: Phu nhin sy kit hpp
gitia kinh t i th| uudng vi ehd nghia x i hOi- Khuynh hudng niy d i diin ra trong mOt khoing thdi gian dii trong ly luin nhin thiic. Hoie li kit hpp kinh t i Ihj trudng vdi ehu nghia xi hOi mOt eich gO i p , eo hpc cd tinh chit "miin cudng". Md hinh "co hpc" niy se d i n tdi sp "boil nghi" phd biin vi vi co bin nd khdng cd tinh hiin ihpc
Niu eiu ti*i Idi trong tu duy vi sp kit hpp giua kinh t i th} trudng vi chii nghla xa hOi li cd eo sd khoa hpc, till eo sd khoa hpe dd li gi?
Co sd thii nhit li, khinh l i th| trudng giai phdng sue san xuil xa hOi. tgo diiu kiin vi ddi hdi tinh ehii dOng, sang tgo tdi da cua ngudi sin xuit Die diem uu t h i nay ciia kinh t i thj trudng hoin toin ddng nhit vdi yiu ciu eiia chii nghia xi hOi ddi vdi cie ehu Uii kinh ti.
Co sd Uiii hai li, kinh t i Ui| Uudng li thinh tpu phit triin ciia nin kinh te thi gidi. Kinh t i thj Irudng khdng phii la d i e trung riing ed cua ehii nghia tu bin. Do dd, kinh t i thj tnrdng va ehii nghia x i hOi khdng phii la hai mil ddi lap logi tiu nhau. Vdi Iu cich li sin phim cua tri tue vi kinh te, chii nghla xi hOi hoin loin cd thi sii dyng md hinh kinh l i thi trudng eho su phit Uien cua nmnh.
Co sd thii tia li, mOt Uong eie d i e trung co bin ciia kinh t i thj trudng hiin dgi la ed sp quin ly ciia nhi nude. Die trung nay ciia kinh t i thj Irudng hiin dai hoin toin ddng nhat vdi bin chit ciia nha nude xi hdi chii nghla \ e mit chiic ning. Trong hai chuc ning cua nhi nude x i hdi chii nghia dd li: Chuc ning chuyin chinh va chiic ning quin ly kinh t i thi chue ning quin ly kinh t i li then chdi Diiu nay lam nen su khic biil vi chat ciia nha nude x i hOi chu nghia vdi eic nhi nude khac. Ddng thdi, chiic ning d i e Uung niy eiia nha nude x i hpi chii nghia hoan toin phii hpp vdi
Tt CHAU A -TMAI 113
NGHfl^NOJU d i e trung ciia kinh t i Ihj Irudng hiin dat
Nhu viy, kinh l i Uij tnrong va chii nghia xa hOi cd diy dii c i e co sd cho sp hpp nhit btxig mpt chinh thi.
Nguyin tic thu hai Uong tu duy vi kinh l i thl trudng djnh hudng x i hOi ehu nghia l i phii phin tich kinh t i thj trudng vdi hr cich li sin phim cua tri lui vi sp phit triin kinh t i vdi md hinh dang tdn tgi hiin thpe phd bien cua nd l i kinh l i thj Uudng tu bin chu nghla. Diy li mOI riguyen lie tu duy quan trpng. Trong hiin thpe, kinh te thj trudng ra ddi gin liin vdi nin kinh t i tu t>in chii nghla, nhu mpt t>ic thang phit Uiin ciia nin kinh t i tu bin. Mgt khic, kinh te thj trudng tu bin chii nghia dang l i mOt thpe thi tdn tai phd biin vi giir vai hO chi phdi kinh t i Uii gidi. Thyc t i tdn tai niy d i d i n tdi sp ddng nhit kinh t i Ihj truong ndi ehung, kinh t i thj trudng hiin dgi ndi rieng vdi nin kinh t i tu bin ehu nghla. Khi tu duy mic phii sp nhim lin niy thi s i roi vio vdng "luin quin" vi khd xie lip dupe md hinh kinh t i thj trudng djnh hudng x i hOi chil nghia hiin thyc. Bdi Uong tu duy khoa hpe eung nhu sp phit triin khich quan ciia ljch sir, chii nghla tu b i n vi chu nghia x i hOi li cii phu djnh, chu nghla xi hOi l i cii phu djnh eiia phu djnh.
Vdi tu eich li mOi ly thuyit khoa hpc, ty ihuyet kinh t i thj trudng cd sp tdn tai "khieh quan" nhit djnh vdi e i c ehii thi x i hOi Vdi Iu cich li mOI md hinh kinh le hiin thpe thi nd Igi gin liin vdi e i c Uii e h i x i hOi cy Uii. Khi tu duy bde taeh dupe sp khic biil nay (sp bdc lich niy chi cd y nghla hrong ddi) thi mdi cd thi xac lip dupe cic d i e uung cua kinh l i Uij Uudng djnh hudng x i hOi chu nghla hiin Uipe.
Diy Ii mOt nguyin lie tu duy khd, nd eung khd gidng nhu nim bit quy luil ding sau cic hiin lupng da dgng sinh dOng viy. Song, nd la nguyen tic tu duy ed vai ti-d quyit djnh eho sp ra dcri md hinh kinh l i Ihj trudng djnh hudng xa hOi chu nghla hiin thpe.
Nguyin tic tu duy thii ba vi kinh te thj trudng dinh hudng xa hOi chii nghia Ii tu duy vi sp ddng nhit gitia khi ning va hien thue, gitia cii hiin tai vi cai hrong lai.
Hiin Uipc ii cii dang ton tgi. Khi ning la cii chua cd, nhung se cd do Win Uiuc sinh ra khi cd diiu kien Uiich hpp. Nhu viy, tixing sp ddng nhit giira khi ning vi hiin Uiuc, Uii hiin thyc l i nguyin nhin vi khi ning Ii kit q u i "tuong lai" ciia hiin Uipc.
Diy Ii nguyin tie quan hpng cua tu duy vi dp b i o khoa hpc vi xac lip k i hoach cho sy phit triin cua tuong lai. Neu khdng nim bit nguyin tie tu duy quan Irpng niy se m i c vio benh chii quan duy y chi Uong nhin Ihuc v i hinh ddng.
Thpe t i ed hai Uiii cpc sai lim khi hr duy \i kinh t i ttij Uudng djnh hudng x i hOi chu nghia. MOt li, Viit Nam ehua cd kinh le UiJ Uudng cung nhu chua ed chii
nghia x i hOi. Hai la, ViOi Nam d i cd kinh t i Uij Uudng v i ehu nghla xi hOi. Vin d i cdn Igi li kit hpp hai thyc Ihi tdn tgi nay Igi vdi nhau nhu t h i nio?.
Thpe Ii Viil Nam dang Uong thdi ky qui dO Iin chu nghla x i hOi. Nhu viy, chu nghia x i hOi d i l i mOt hiin Uiuc d Viil Nam. Khii ruim "thdi ky q u i dO Iin chu nghia x i hOi" cho Uiiy "hiin thpe x i hOi chu nghla" dang Uong q u i Uinh hinh Ihinh vi hoin thiin.
Mil khie, tii diu nhimg nam 80 cua Uii ky .XX. d i e biet l i nim 1986, vi mit kinh te. ViOt Nam ehuyin ddi tir CO c h i k i hoach hda tip tmng sang co c h i thl tiudng. Tinh d i n nay, Viil Nam d i cd hon 30 n i m phii Uiin kinh t i thj irudng. Nhu viy, chu nghia x i hOi vi kinh t i thj Uudng d i Ii hiin tiipc d Viit Nam, l i hiin thyc dang Uong q u i trinh hoan thiin. Sp khing djnh niy trong nhin thiic ed y nghia d i e biit quan trpng.
Mpt mil, nhimg Uiinh q u i dat dupe hong phii triin kUih t i cho Uiiy Viit Nam Ipa chpn md hinh kinh t i thj Irudng djnh hudng x i hOi chii nghla li mOt sp Ipa chpn diing din. Mgt khic, thiia nhin chu nghla x i hOi v i kinh t i th\ Irudng l i hiin Uipc tdn tgi Uii se xuit phit tiJ cii hiin thpe khich quan dd d i di tim md hinh tuong lai cd Unh "hiin thpe". Niu khdng nhu viy cie md hinh xic djnh se li "chu quan duy y chi", xa rdi
"cii hiin Ihpc" dang tdn Igi.
Nhin thiic li mOt q u i trinh vi phit Uiin cung l i mOt qui tiinh. Sy ddng nhit giiia qui trinh nhin thiic vi q u i trinh phit Uiin se dem Igi kit q u i b i n vting cho sp phit tiiin. Di hoin thiin the c h i kinh Ii thj trudng djnh hudng x i hOi chii nghia d Viit Nam, dem lai mOt md hinh Id chuc kinh t i "hiin thpe" cho sp phit triin, thi md hinh dd phii l i s i n phim eua mOt tu duy khoa hpeV.
Tai lieu tham khao:
Ban Kinh l i Tmng uong (2017). Ddi mdi doanh nghiip nha nude vi phit tiiin kinh t i tu nhin, Nxb.Chinh tii qudc gia. Hi Npi.
Ding COng sin Viil Nam (2016). Vin ki^n Dgi hOi biiu loan qudc lin Uiii XII, Nxb.Chinh tri qudc gia Hi NOi.
Vu Dinh Bieh (2004). Kinh t i Uii Uuong djnh hudng x i hOi chii nghla Viit Nam, Nxb.Chinh Uj qude gia. Hi
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