TALCHINH -MmfsaiaLi
ANH Hl/dNG CUA VAN HOA DOANH NGHIEP OEN PHATTRIEN BEN VUfNG CUA DOANH NGHIEP
VO THI KIM THANH
Van hoa doanh nghiep Id mgt trong nhdng gid tri cot Idi co dnh hudng quyet dinh tdi ndng ldc cgnh tranh vd sdphdt trien ben vdng cua doanh nghiep trong thdi ky Cdch mgng cong nghiep 4.0. Bdi viei nhgn dien nhihig yeu tddnh hddng den viec hinh thdnh vd tde dgng cda vdn hod doanh nghiep den sdphdt trien ben vdng, gua do, giup doanh nghiep gia tdng sukhdc biet va hieu qui hogt ddng.
Tif khda: Vdn hda doanh nghiep, phddng thdc kmh doanh, phdt trien ben vdng
IMPACTSOF CORPORATE CULTURETO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES
VuThiKimThanh
Corporate culture is one of the core values that have a decisive influence on the competitiveness and sustainable development of businesses during the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The paper identifies the factors that influence the formation and impact of corporate culture on sustainable development, thereby helping businesses increase their differences and performance.
Keywords: Corporate culture, business methods, sustainable development
Hgdy nhdn bai: 16/4/2020 Ngay hodn thien bien tap: 29/4/2020 Ngay duyet ddng: 6/5/2020 Oat van de
Hign nay, eg nMeu dinh nghia xoay q u a n h v'e kbai nigm van hba d o a n b nghigp (VHDN) nhu: Van hba the Men tbng h p p cac gia tri va each h a n h xir p h u thupc lan nhau p h o Men trong d o a n h nghigp va eb xu hubng tu luu truyen tiong thbi gian dai (Kotter, J.P. & Heskett, J.L.); VHDN la niem tin, thai dg va gia tri ton tai pho bien va tirang doi on d m h trong d o a n h ngMep" (Williams, A., Dobson, P. & Walters, M)...
Dil duge dinh ngMa b a n g nhieu each khac nhau, nhung CO the thong nhat d i n h nghia ve V H D N n h u sau: VHDN chinh la h e thong cac gia tri, quan nigm
va nguyen tac h a n b vi d u g c cMa se bgn tiong doanh ngMgp, d l i phoi tinh cam, n e p suy ngM va each thiic h a n b dbng a i a cac thanh vien, tao nen ban sac n e n g ciia mbi doanh ngMgp.
Cot loi a i a V H D N la tmh than va quan diem gia tri ciia d o a n h ngMep. Dieu nay bat ngubn, cMu su tae dbng ve tu tubng, tiiet Iy, quan mem song, quan diem ve k m h doanh.. cua n g u b i sang lap. Vi vay, trong qua trinh phat t n e n eong ty, VHDN tiep tue d u p e phat trien va thay doi p h u bgp, tiiy thubc vao su tac dbng khae nhau a i a mbi trubng; dinh h u b n g d o a n h ngMgp, cu the:
- Van hoa d a n tgc: Ban than V H D N la mbt n e n tieu v a n boa n a m ttong van hba d a n tbe. Mpi ca nhan tiong n'en VHDN d e u cMu tac dbng oia cac gia tii van hba dan tgc.
- N h a lanh dao, ngubi sang lap: Lanh dao va n g u b i sang lap chinh la nhiing ngubi Meu rb VHDN, bg la n g u b i xay d u n g va p h a t tiien n e n tang VHDN. Vi vay, de V H D N phat ttigri, lanh dao, n g u b i sang lap phai la ngubi tbue Men ngMem tuc quan die'm gia tti eiia doanh ngMep.
- N h i i n g gia tti v a n h b a hgc bbi duoc: Gia tii van hba hpc hbi d u g c la eae quan mgm, chuan muc, nguyen tde va truyen t h o n g ma d o a n h ngMep tie'p nban d u g e ttong qua trinh hinh thanb, hoat dpng a i a minh, bao gom: Nhiing gia tii hoc hbi d u p e tii' nhihig doanh ngMep khac; N h u n g gia tri van hba d u p c tiep n h a n ttong qua trinh giao l u u voi n e n van hba khac;
Nhiing gia t n do thanh vign mbi m a n g lai...
Tac dong cua van hoa doanh nghiep den phdt trien ben viimg cua doanh nghiep
V H D N quyet d i n h s u t r u b n g tbn ciia doai nh
nghigp va n b anh h u b n g den d o a n h ngMgp b nM'eu kM'a cgnh n h u :
Anh hifdng din nhdn vien
Mpt doanh ngMep xay d u n g dugc van hba chuydn ngMep va truyen tai mgt each nhat quan d e n h a n vien Meii va thue Men theo dat nhirng tac d g n g tich cue sau' - Thu hiit va giii c h a n n h a n tai trong d o a n h nghigp: N h a n vign se t r u n g t h a n b va g a n b b lau dai vbi d o a n h ngMgp kM h p thay h i m g thii vbi mbi t r u b n g d o a n h n g h i e p .
-• N h u c'au q u a n ly cac nguyen tac, quy dinh se giam di: KM n h a n vien n h a n thiie rb rang ve vai ttb ciia b a n than trong tap the, thau Meu d u o c nhiing gia tti a i a cbng ty, khi db h p se t u nguygn chap h a n h eae nguyen tac va quy djnh.
- A n h h u b n g den n a n g suat Iam vige: D o a n h n g h i e p cb moi t r u b n g van hba lam vigc tot, n b a n vien se lubn d u p c khuyen khich d u a ra sang kie'n, y t u b n g . . . de n a n g cao Mgu qua cbng viec.
Tuy nhien, t h u c te cho thay, rat nhieu d o a n h nghigp da mac Ibi kM ap dat van hba ma khong khoi ggi n h a n thiie eua n h a n vien. KM n h a n vien khbng cam thay yeu thieh eong vige, cae n h u eau n h u giao tiep, kinh trpng, t u k h a n g dinh... khbng d u g e xay d u n g , d a n d e n tinh trang chan nan, higu qua cbng viec khong cao va tMeu su gan b b vbi doanh ngMgp.
Anh hitdng din to chide
VHDN chinh la ban sac rigng cb a i a mpt doanh ngMep, d o vay, VHDN d u p e chii tipng, se cb nhiing anh h u b n g tieh cue den to chuc n h u sau:
- Giiip p h a n biet d o a n h nghiep nay vbi d o a n h n g M e p khac: Moi d o a n h n g h i e p cb mpt dac t r u n g rieng va ehuib VHDN tgo ngn net kbac biet do.
- La ngubn lge tao lgi the cgnh tranh cho doanh nghiep. Nen van hba tot giiip doanh ngMep thu hiit va giu chan n g u b i tai, eimg eb Ibng trung thanh vbi doanh nghigp. Tir do, tao ra lpi the eanh tianh vbi eac dbi thu tren thi trucmg.
Mbt cong ty khbng xay d u n g V H D N hoac VHDN xay d u n g niia vbi se bi tae d p n g bbi nhiing yeu to tigu cue sau:
- K h b n g tao d u g c n g u o n siie m g n h ngi tgi lam d b n bay: C o ehe q u a n ly ciing nhac, dpc doan, chuyen quyen se kMen eho to chuc mat di nguon luc don bay cho su p h a t trie'n lau dai a i a tb chiic, d o la siie m a n h npi tai.
- Thieu Igi the cgnh tianh tren thi trubng: TMg'u V H D N d a n den eae thong digp ma mbi ca n h a n ttong
HiNH 1: CAC BUdc XAY DUNG VAN HOA DOANH
Nguon Tic gii tdng hSf
to chiie truy'en tai ra b e n ngoai m a n g y nghia khac nhau, khbng nhat q u a n va m a t di su chuygn ngMep.
Anh hifdng den trdi nghiim khdch hang
Canh tranh ttong mbi trucmg t u o n g tac m a n h me n h u Men nay, eae cbng ty phai ehuyen s u tap trung tir day m a n h kich tMeh giao dieh sang tbi da boa gia tii vbng dbl khaeh hang. TMet lap van boa "lay khach b a n g lam trung tam" se m a n g d e n n h i i n g a n h h u b n g ti'ch cue nhat d i n b d i o d o a n h ngMgp, eg the:
- Tao nen phong thai a i a doanh ngMgp, giiip phan bigt doanb ngMep nay vbi doanh ngMgp khac: VHDN gom nM'gu bg phan va yeu to hop ttianb: Trie't ly kinh doanh, cac tap tuc, le ngM, thbi quen, dao tao, giao due,.. Tat ca nhiing ye'u to do, tao ra phong each, phong thai va phan bigt no vbi cac doanh ngMep, eae tb chiie xa hpi khae.
- Tao nen lue h u b n g tam e h u n g eho toan doanh nghigp: Mbt nen van hba tbt, giiip d o a n h nghigp thu hiit n h a n tai va cimg co Ibng trung thanh o i a n h a n vien dbi vbi doanh nghiep.
- KMch Ie qua tiinh doi mbi va sang d i e : Trong nhirng doanh ngMgp cb mbi ttubng v a n hba Iam vige tbt, mpi n h a n vien lubn d u p e k h u y e n khich d u a ra sang kien, y tubng... Su kMch Ig nay se gbp p h a n phat huy tinh nang d g n g sang tao eiia cac n h a n vien. Mat khae, n h i i n g t h a n h cbng ciia n h a n vien trong cbng viec se tgo dpng lue de h p gan bb h p vbi cbng ty lau dai va tieh cue hon.
N g u p e lgi, kM V H D N khbng d u g c chii tigng, se co nhiing tae d g n g tieu cue den ttai nghigm a i a khaeh h a n g n h u :
- Van hba cgnh tianh cao se kMen n h a n vien Mem khi dat k h a d i b a n g b vi tri d a u tien: KM do, V H D N d u g c ttie Mgn bSng dau da npi bg va s u canb ttanh khoe liet giua cae d o n g ngMgp, kMen cho m u e tieu ciia n h a n vien la cMen t h i n g d u a c d b n g ngMep chii khong phai la lam hai long khach hang.
- N h i i n g n h a n vien khbng cam thay s u chdc chan vbi cbng vigc se bao vg b a n than trube: Ng'u n h a n vien
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cam thay lo lang ve vj tri, cam thay k h o n g p h u h p p voi van hba o i a cbng ty, h p se cb xu h u b n g bao ve quygn lpi cita minh trube kM n g M d e n q u y e n lgi a i a khach hang. NMn chung, anh h u b n g eiia V H D N d b n g vai tto quan ttong doi vbi su ton tai va p h a t ttien o i a doanh ngMep. Do do, xay d u n g V H D N phai bat d a u tir nhiing dieu nhb, cg the' khbng d i u n g e h u n g va dbi hoi sg nb luc eua tat ea cae t h a n h vien, su khbi x u b n g , eb vii, dgng vien ciia n g u b i lanh dgo.
tiiUCt^dio t h ^ , rat nhilu doanh nghiep da m^c loi khi dp dat van hoa ma Idi6ng khoi goi nhdn thi^c cOa nhan vien. iOii nhan vien khong cdm thay )^u thfch c6ng vfec, cdc nhu cau nhil giao tiep, kinh trong, tU khing dinh... khdng diftfc xdy dUhg, dan tf^n tinh trang chdn ndn, hi^u qud cdng vi^c khdng cao vd thini sUgSn b6 vol doanh nghiep.
Van d l xdy dUng van hoa doanh nghiep ben vulig
Nghign ciiu mac dii c h u a dai dien het cho cac doanh ngMep Vigt Nam, n h u n g eb the thay, n h i i n g bieu Men VHDN cbn ehua m a n h va chi t h u c str tieh cgc b mpt sb doanh ngMgp, do vgy cac d o a n h ngMep can phai xay d u n g eho minh mgt sac thai rieng n h u n g khong xa rbi van hoa truyen thong. Ket q u a dieu tra xa hpi hpc tgi mgt so doanh ngMep, bao gbm d o a n h ngMgp CO ph'an n h a n u b e d i i e m tir 5 1 % v o n tto len, doanh ngMep t u nhan, d o a n h n g h i e p lien doanh...
eho thay, cM eb 18,5% so n g u b i d u p e hbi Meu ky v'e VHDN, eb 63% so ngubi d u p e h b i eb hie'u big't b miie dg binh thubng hoae Meu big't rat it ve VHDN. Day la mgt khb khan Ibn tiong qua trinh xay d u n g VHDN.
Cac doanh nghigp hien d a n g p h a i canh t r a n h khoe ligt, theo d u doan, the ky XXI se la the ky ciia eanh tranh v'e VHDN. Khi d u g c hbi ve miic dp q u a n trpng ciia VHDN, ngMen ciiu thu d u o e ket qua n h u sau:
48% eho rang VHDN cb vai ttb q u a n ttpng, 22% cho rang 'VHDN rat quan trong. Cac p h u o n g tien thbng tin, tuyen ttuyen ve V H D N t a p t m n g b bao ehi la 63%, truyen Mnh la 33%, cbn lgi la hieu biet t h b n g qua doanh ngMgp va t u tim Meu.
Dexay d u n g VHDN thanh cbng, cac d o a n h ngMep Vigt Nam can tap trung thuc Mgn cac giai p h a p sau:
Thu nha't, tim Meu moi t r u b n g va cac ye'u tb anh hubng den cMen luge d o a n h nghigp trong t u o n g Iai.
Xae dinh gia tii cot loi lam eo sb eho thanh eong.
Thie hai, xay d u n g t'am nhin ma d o a n h ngMep se vuon tbi. I a m nMn cMnh la biic tranh ly t u b n g v e doanh ngMep ttong t u o n g Iai. T a m nhin ehinh la dinh hubng de xay d g n g VHDN.
Thir ba, thu hep khoang each giira n h u n g gia tri d o a n h ngMep hien eb va nhiing gia tri d o a n b ngMep m o n g muon. Cae khoang each nay ngn d a n h gia ttieo 4 tieu cM: p h o n g each lam vigc, ra quyet dinh, giao tiep, doi xir.
Thir tu. xac dinh vai tto a i a lanh dgo ttong vigc d a n dat thay doi van hba; N h a n biet cac ttb ngai va nguygn n h a n tii' choi thay doi va xay d u n g eac cMen lugc de dbi phb; Xay d u n g ke hoaeh h a n h dbng bao gbm eac m u c tieu, hogt dgng, thbi gian, diem moc va ttach nMem cg the; D a n h gia VHDN va ttiiet Igp cae e h u ^ m u c moi ve khbng n g i m g hgc tap va thay db'i.
Van hoa khbng phai la bat bien, vi vay, kM da xay d u n g d u g c mgt van hoa phii h p p thi viee quan ttpng la lign tuc d a n h gia va d u y tri cac gia tti tot.
Thie ndm, gan V H D N vao h'au bet cac boat dbng eua d o a n h ngMgp b cae cap dg khae nhau. VHDN ciing can d u p e eoi la tai san dae bigt ciia dganh nghigp. Tai san n a y khbng ehi la ciia b a n than doanh ngMgp, ma eon la tai san quoe gia va deu pbai d u g c xem xet b cae cap dp kbac nhau.
Thie sdu. xay d u n g q u a n mgm h u b n g tbi tM trubng.
Q u a n nigm thi t r u a n g bao gbm nbieu mat n h u gia thanh, kha nang tieu thu, chat lugng dong goi va chat l u o n g san p h a m , eae dieh v u sau ban hang, cac ky k h u y e n mai n h a m thu hiit khaeh bang. Tat ea pbai h u b n g ted viee tang cubng sue eanh tranh, gianh thi p h a n eho d o a n h ngMgp.
Thir bdy, h u b n g tbi van de an sinh xa hpi - ttach nMgm xa hbi: Van de an sinh xa hpi - ttach nMem xa hpi la mbt thadi tiiiic Ibn dbi vol tat ea eac doanh ngMgp.
Do db, cac doanh ngMep c'an thong qua van boa doanh ngMep hubng tbi mgc tieu phat trien ben vung, vi lai ieh con ngubi va cho cac the he mai sau. "
Tai iieu tham kh^o:
/, Nguyen Nggc Qudn (2012), Bdi giang. Ndng cao ndng ldc phdt tnen he thdng nhdn ldc;
I Van kien Boi hdi Bong todn gudc Idn thd Vlll (1996), Van kien Bai hoi Bang todn quoc Idn thd X (2006), NXB Chinh tri Om gia;
3. Bo Mmh Ciiang (2001), Vdn hod kmh doanh vd Tnet If kmh doanh. NXB Chinh M Quoc gia;
4. Phung Xudn Nhg (chu bien) (2011). Nhdn cdch doanh nhdn va vdn bod kmh doanh d Viet Nam trong thdi ky doi mdi. hoi nhdp gudc te, NXB Bai hgc Quoc gia Hd Ndi
Thong tin tac giS:
ThS. Vu Thi Kim Thanh - Khoa Quan tri kinh doanh Tnfdng Bai hgc Kinh te - Ky thugt Cong nghiep Email: [email protected]
